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Patil S, Gao YG, Lin X, Li Y, Dang K, Tian Y, Zhang WJ, Jiang SF, Qadir A, Qian AR. The Development of Functional Non-Viral Vectors for Gene Delivery. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5491. [PMID: 31690044 PMCID: PMC6862238 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy is manipulation in/of gene expression in specific cells/tissue to treat diseases. This manipulation is carried out by introducing exogenous nucleic acids, such as DNA or RNA, into the cell. Because of their negative charge and considerable larger size, the delivery of these molecules, in general, should be mediated by gene vectors. Non-viral vectors, as promising delivery systems, have received considerable attention due to their low cytotoxicity and non-immunogenicity. As research continued, more and more functional non-viral vectors have emerged. They not only have the ability to deliver a gene into the cells but also have other functions, such as the performance of fluorescence imaging, which aids in monitoring their progress, targeted delivery, and biodegradation. Recently, many reviews related to non-viral vectors, such as polymers and cationic lipids, have been reported. However, there are few reviews regarding functional non-viral vectors. This review summarizes the common functional non-viral vectors developed in the last ten years and their potential applications in the future. The transfection efficiency and the transport mechanism of these materials were also discussed in detail. We hope that this review can help researchers design more new high-efficiency and low-toxicity multifunctional non-viral vectors, and further accelerate the progress of gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suryaji Patil
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072, China.
- NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Yong-Guang Gao
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072, China.
- NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Xiao Lin
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072, China.
- NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Yu Li
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072, China.
- NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Kai Dang
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072, China.
- NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Ye Tian
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072, China.
- NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Wen-Juan Zhang
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072, China.
- NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Shan-Feng Jiang
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072, China.
- NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Abdul Qadir
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072, China.
- NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Ai-Rong Qian
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072, China.
- NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
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2
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Yu QY, Guo Y, Zhang J, Huang Z, Yu XQ. Zn(ii) coordination to cyclen-based polycations for enhanced gene delivery. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:451-459. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb02414f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Zn2+ coordination greatly improved the gene transfection efficiency of cyclen-based polycations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Ying Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Yu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Zheng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Qi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
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3
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Travagin F, Lattuada L, Giovenzana GB. First synthesis of orthogonally 1,7-diprotected cyclens. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00184k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Six novel orthogonally 1,7-heterodiprotected cyclen derivatives have been prepared through an efficient and chromatography-free procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Travagin
- Bracco Imaging S.p.A
- Bracco Research Centre
- I-10100 Colleretto Giacosa (TO)
- Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco
| | - Luciano Lattuada
- Bracco Imaging S.p.A
- Bracco Research Centre
- I-10100 Colleretto Giacosa (TO)
- Italy
| | - Giovanni B. Giovenzana
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco
- Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”
- I-28100 Novara
- Italy
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4
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Yu QY, Liu YH, Huang Z, Zhang J, Luan CR, Zhang QF, Yu XQ. Bio-reducible polycations from ring-opening polymerization as potential gene delivery vehicles. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:6470-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00859c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Bio-reducible polycations were prepared via ring-opening polymerization. These materials have relatively low molecular weights and cytotoxicity but have good DNA condensation ability, transfection efficiency and excellent serum tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Ying Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- PR China
| | - Yan-Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- PR China
| | - Zheng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- PR China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- PR China
| | - Chao-Ran Luan
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- PR China
| | - Qin-Fang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- PR China
| | - Xiao-Qi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- PR China
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5
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Dolan C, Drouet F, Ware DC, Brothers PJ, Jin J, Brimble MA, Williams DE. A new high-capacity metal ion-complexing gel containing cyclen ligands. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra00604c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
“Hairy” nano-scale objects cross-linked into a high-capacity metal-binding hydrogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciarán Dolan
- School of Chemical Sciences
- University of Auckland
- Auckland 1142
- New Zealand
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology
| | - Fleur Drouet
- School of Chemical Sciences
- University of Auckland
- Auckland 1142
- New Zealand
| | - David C. Ware
- School of Chemical Sciences
- University of Auckland
- Auckland 1142
- New Zealand
| | - Penelope J. Brothers
- School of Chemical Sciences
- University of Auckland
- Auckland 1142
- New Zealand
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology
| | - Jianyong Jin
- School of Chemical Sciences
- University of Auckland
- Auckland 1142
- New Zealand
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology
| | - Margaret A. Brimble
- School of Chemical Sciences
- University of Auckland
- Auckland 1142
- New Zealand
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology
| | - David E. Williams
- School of Chemical Sciences
- University of Auckland
- Auckland 1142
- New Zealand
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology
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6
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Ma C, Zhang J, Guo L, Du C, Song P, Zhao B, Li L, Li C, Qiao R. Cyclen Grafted with poly[(Aspartic acid)-co-Lysine]: Preparation, Assembly with Plasmid DNA, and in Vitro Transfection Studies. Mol Pharm 2015; 13:47-54. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunying Ma
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jin Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Liwen Guo
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Changguo Du
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ping Song
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Baojing Zhao
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ling Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Chao Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Renzhong Qiao
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, P. R. China
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University Health Sciences Center, 100083 Beijing, P. R. China
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7
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Guo Q, Liu YH, Xun MM, Zhang J, Huang Z, Zhou XD, Yu XQ. Diol glycidyl ether-bridged low molecular weight PEI as potential gene delivery vehicles. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:2660-2670. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb02106a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PEI 600-based polymers were synthesized via ring-opening polymerization and exhibited much better transfection efficiency and biocompatibility than PEI 25 kDa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Guo
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Yan-Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Miao-Miao Xun
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Zheng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Xue-Dong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
- P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Qi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
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8
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Interaction of a fluorescent cationic surfactant bearing a coumarin derivative with DNA. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2014.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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9
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Li CY, Wang HJ, Cao JM, Zhang J, Yu XQ. Bioreducible cross-linked polymers based on G1 peptide dendrimer as potential gene delivery vectors. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 87:413-20. [PMID: 25282264 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.09.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A series of cationic polymers based on low generation (G1) peptide dendrimer were synthesized with disulfide-containing linkages. The DNA binding abilities of the target polymers were studied by gel electrophoresis and fluorescence quenching assay. The bioreducible property of the disulfide-containing polymers P2 and P3 was also investigated in the presence of dithiothreitol (DTT). Results from dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) assays reveal that these materials may condense DNA into nanoparticles with proper sizes and zeta-potentials. In vitro cell experiments show that compared to branched 25 KDa PEI, P2 and P3 may exhibit much higher gene transfection efficiency and lower cytotoxicity in both HEK293 and U-2OS cells. Additionally, polymer prepared from Michael addition gives better gene transfection ability, while polymer prepared from ring-opening reaction has better serum tolerance. Results indicate that these polymers might be promising non-viral gene vectors for their easy preparation, very low cytotoxicity, and good transfection efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Hai-Jiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Jing-Ming Cao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Qi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China.
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10
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Yi WJ, Zhang QF, Zhang J, Liu Q, Ren L, Chen QM, Guo L, Yu XQ. Cyclen-based lipidic oligomers as potential gene delivery vehicles. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:1412-22. [PMID: 24342038 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Revised: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A series of cyclen-based linear oligomers bearing hydrophobic long chains (lipopolymers Cy-LC, where Cy and LC represent cyclen-based linear backbone and hydrophobic long chain substituents, respectively) were designed and synthesized. The effects of type and degree of substitution (DS) of hydrophobic long chains on the transfection efficiency were systematically studied. The nitrogen atoms with relatively strong basicity on the cyclen ensure their good DNA binding ability, which was confirmed by gel retardation and ethidium bromide exclusion assays. Lipopolyplexes could be formed as nanoparticles with suitable sizes and zeta potentials for gene transfection. In vitro gene delivery experiments revealed that the linoleic acid (LIN) substituted material Cy-LIN has better transfection efficiency than 25 kDa polyethylenimine in the absence or in the presence of serum. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and hemolysis assays showed low cytotoxicity and good biocompatibility of the lipopolyplexes. Fluorescent labeled DNA was used to study the cellular uptake and intracellular distribution of transfected DNA. Flow cytometry results suggested that a long chain is necessary for efficient cellular uptake, and images from confocal laser scanning microscopy showed that after 4h transfection, most of the fluorescent labeled DNA accumulated in the perinuclear region, which was required for efficient gene expression. Moreover, it was also found that the DS of the hydrophobic moiety can adjust the balance between DNA binding ability and dissociation of polyplexes, significantly affecting the transfection efficiency.
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11
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Li S, Xie JQ, Xiang QX, Quan XJ, Xu JQ. Synthesis, Characterisation and Molecular Recognition of Novel Zn(II) Macrocyclic Complexes with Imidazole or Benzimidazole Pendants. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2014. [DOI: 10.3184/174751914x13894363997018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Macrocyclic polyamine Zn(II) mononuclear and dinuclear complexes bearing imidazole or benzimidazole pendants have been synthesised and their binding constants determined by UV-Vis spectrometric titration. The binding ability of the complexes is stronger than that of the control materials with cytosine (Cyt). The recognition abilities of the dinuclear complexes for Cyt are much higher than that for the other bases or nucleosides (such as uracil, 5-hydroxymeyhyl uracil, adenosine, thymidine and uridine); the binding constants of the dinuclear complexes with m-xylyl or pyridyl as linkers are 25,360 and 22,550 dm3 mol−1 respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, P.R. China
| | - Jia-qing Xie
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, P.R. China
| | - Qing-xiang Xiang
- Department of Environment and Life Science, Leshan Teachers College, Leshan, Sichuan, 614000, P.R. China
| | - Xue-jun Quan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, P.R. China
| | - Jun-qiang Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, P.R. China
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12
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Jia L, Li Z, Zhang D, Zhang Q, Shen J, Guo H, Tian X, Liu G, Zheng D, Qi L. Redox-responsive catiomer based on PEG-ss-chitosan oligosaccharide-ss-polyethylenimine copolymer for effective gene delivery. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2py20781h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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13
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Phillips DJ, Gibson MI. Biodegradable Poly(disulfide)s Derived from RAFT Polymerization: Monomer Scope, Glutathione Degradation, and Tunable Thermal Responses. Biomacromolecules 2012; 13:3200-8. [DOI: 10.1021/bm300989s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Phillips
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4
7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew I. Gibson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4
7AL, United Kingdom
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14
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Li J, Zhu Y, Hazeldine ST, Firestine SM, Oupický D. Cyclam-based polymeric copper chelators for gene delivery and potential PET imaging. Biomacromolecules 2012; 13:3220-7. [PMID: 23004346 DOI: 10.1021/bm3009999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of reducible polycationic copper chelators (RPCs) based on 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane (cyclam) were synthesized by Michael addition. Molecular weight of the polycations was controlled by reaction stoichiometry and reaction conditions, resulting in polymers with molecular weights ranging from 4400 to 13 800. The cyclam moieties in the polycations retained their ability to form complexes with Cu(II). The presence of disulfide bonds in the polycations resulted in substantially lower cytotoxicity than control 25 kDa poly(ethyleneimine). RPC as well as their complexes with Cu(II) exhibited high transfection activity in vitro. The reported polycationic Cu(II) chelates represent promising nucleic acid delivery vectors with potential for future theranostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
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