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Abdulaziz O, Khan FR, Alharthi NS, Alhuthali HM, Hazazi A, Alzahrani HA, Gharib AF, Alsalmi OA, Hawsawi NM, Alhazmi AY. Computational insights into overcoming resistance mechanisms in targeted therapies for advanced breast cancer: focus on EGFR and HER2 co-inhibition. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38234016 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2301766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
In the present study, the formation of a heterodimer involving both epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) has been explored as a potential therapeutic mechanism to inhibit the progression of breast cancer. Virtual screening using molecular docking resulted in the three hit compounds (ZINC08382411, ZINC08382438, and ZINC08382292) with minimum binding scores and commonly binding to both receptors. Further, MD simulation analysis of these complexes illustrated the high stability of these compounds with EGFR and HER2. RMSD showed that ZINC08382411 displayed the most stable RMSD of 2 - 3 Å when bound to both receptors, suggesting to have strong compatibility with the active site of the receptor. Hydrogen bond analysis showed that ZINC08382411 forms the maximum number of H-bonds (2 to 3) in both EGFR and HER2 bound complexes, with the highest occupancy of 62% and 79%, respectively. Binding free energy calculation showed that ZINC08382411 possesses maximum affinity towards both the receptors with ΔGbind = -129.628 and -164.063 kJ/mol, respectively. This approach recognizes the significance of EGFR and HER2 in breast cancer development and aims to disrupt their collaborative signaling, which is known to promote the antagonistic behavior of cancer cells. By focusing on this EGFR/HER2 heterodimer, the study offers a promising avenue for identifying a potential candidate (ZINC08382411) that may inhibit breast cancer cell growth and potentially improve patient outcomes. The study's findings may contribute to the ongoing efforts to advance breast cancer treatment strategies.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Abdulaziz
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Farhan R Khan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science,College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Quwayiyah, Shaqra University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nahed S Alharthi
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayaa M Alhuthali
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Hazazi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Security Forces Hospital Program, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hind A Alzahrani
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Applied of Medical Sciences, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal F Gharib
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ohud A Alsalmi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nahed M Hawsawi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulfattah Y Alhazmi
- Pharmaceutical Practices Department, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Huo D, Sun Z, Wang M, Yan A. Ligand and structure based hierarchical virtual screening cascade for finding novel epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 103:e14375. [PMID: 37849030 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase plays an important role in tumor formation and growth by mediating cell growth and other physiological processes. Therefore, EGFR is a promising target for the treatment of cancer. In this work, we combined ligand-based and structure-based virtual screening methods to identify novel EGFR inhibitors from a library of more than 103 thousand compounds. We first obtained hundreds of compounds with similar physiochemical properties through 3D molecular shape and electrostatic similarity screening with potent inhibitors AEE788 and Afatinib as queries. Next, we identified compounds with strong binding affinities to the EGFR pocket through molecular docking, which makes good use of the structure information of the receptor. After molecular scaffold analysis, our bioassay confirmed 13 compounds with EGFR inhibitory activity and three compounds had IC50 values below 1000 nM. In addition, we collected 5371 EGFR inhibitors from online databases, and clustered them into 7 groups by K-means method using their ECFP4 fingerprints as input. Each cluster had typical molecular fragments and corresponding activity characteristics, which could guide the design of EGFR inhibitors, and we concluded that the fragments from some of the hits are indicated in the highly active scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
- Dalian (Fushun) Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals, China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation (SINOPEC), Dalian, China
| | - Zhiqi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Maolin Wang
- Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Aixia Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
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3
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Peerzada MN, Hamdy R, Rizvi MA, Verma S. Privileged Scaffolds in Drug Discovery against Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 for Cancer Treatment. Curr Pharm Des 2023; 29:3563-3578. [PMID: 38141192 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128283615231218094706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
HER2 is the membrane receptor tyrosine kinase showing overexpression in several human malignancies, particularly breast cancer. HER2 overexpression causes the activation of Ras- MAPK and PI3K/Akt/ NF-κB cellular signal transduction pathways that lead to cancer development and progression. HER2 is, therefore, presumed as one of the key targets for the development of tumor-specific therapies. Several preclinical have been developed that function by inhibiting the HER2 tyrosine kinase activity through the prevention of the dimerization process. Most HER2 inhibitors act as ATP competitors and prevent the process of phosphorylation, and abort the cell cycle progression and proliferation. In this review, the clinical drug candidates and potent pre-clinical newly developed molecules are described, and the core chemical scaffolds typically responsible for anti-HER2 activity are deciphered. In addition, the monoclonal antibodies that are either used in monotherapy or in combination therapy against HER2-positive cancer are briefly described. The identified key moieties in this study could result in the discovery of more effective HER2-targeted anticancer drug molecules and circumvent the development of resistance by HER2-specific chemotherapeutics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudasir Nabi Peerzada
- Tumor Biology and Drug Discovery Laboratory, National Institute of Pathology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Safdarjang Hospital Campus, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Rania Hamdy
- Research Institute for Science and Engineering (RISE), University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | | | - Saurabh Verma
- Tumor Biology and Drug Discovery Laboratory, National Institute of Pathology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Safdarjang Hospital Campus, New Delhi 110029, India
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4
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Yadav TT, Moin Shaikh G, Kumar MS, Chintamaneni M, YC M. A Review on Fused Pyrimidine Systems as EGFR Inhibitors and Their Structure–Activity Relationship. Front Chem 2022; 10:861288. [PMID: 35769445 PMCID: PMC9234326 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.861288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) belongs to the family of tyrosine kinase that is activated when a specific ligand binds to it. The EGFR plays a vital role in the cellular proliferation process, differentiation, and apoptosis. In the case of cancer, EGFR undergoes uncontrolled auto-phosphorylation that results in increased cellular proliferation and decreased apoptosis, causing cancer promotion. From the literature, it shows that pyrimidine is one of the most commonly studied heterocycles for its antiproliferative activity against EGFR inhibition. The authors have collated some interesting results in the heterocycle-fused pyrimidines that have been studied using different cell lines (sensitive and mutational) and in animal models to determine their activity and potency. It is quite clear that the fused systems are highly effective in inhibiting EGFR activity in cancer cells. Therefore, the structure–activity relationship (SAR) comes into play in determining the nature of the heterocycle and the substituents that are responsible for the increased activity and toxicity. Understanding the SAR of heterocycle-fused pyrimidines will help in getting a better overview of the molecules concerning their activity and potency profile as future EGFR inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mayur YC
- *Correspondence: Mayur YC, mayur
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5
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Haleel AK, Rafi UM, Jayathuna MA, Rahiman AK. Theoretical, single crystal and molecular docking analysis of tetrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxylate derivatives. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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6
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Fatima S, Agarwal SM. Exploring structural features of EGFR-HER2 dual inhibitors as anti-cancer agents using G-QSAR approach. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2020; 39:243-252. [PMID: 31538848 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2019.1660896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Simultaneous inhibition of EGFR and HER2 by dual-targeting inhibitors is an established anti-cancer strategy. Therefore, a recent trend in drug discovery involves understanding the features of such dual inhibitors. In this study, three different G-QSAR models were developed corresponding to individual EGFR, HER2 and the dual-model for both receptors. The dual-model provided site-specific information wherein (i) increasing electronegative character and higher index of saturated carbon at R4 position; (ii) presence of chlorine atom at R2 position; (iii) decreasing alpha modified shape index at R1 and R3 positions; and (iv) less electronegativity at R2 position; were found important for enhancing the dual activity. Also, comparison of dual-model with the EGFR/HER2 individual models revealed that it incorporates the properties of both models and, thus, represents a combination of EGFR/HER2. Further, fragment analysis revealed that R2 and R4 are important for imparting high potency while specificity is decided by R1/R3 fragment. We also checked the predictive ability of the dual-model by determining applicability domain using William's plot. Also, analysis of active molecules showed they show favorable substitutions that agree with the constructed dual-model. Thus, we have been successful in developing a single dual-response QSAR model to get an insight into various structural features influencing EGFR/HER2 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shehnaz Fatima
- Bioinformatics Division, ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research , Noida , India
| | - Subhash Mohan Agarwal
- Bioinformatics Division, ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research , Noida , India
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7
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Cawrse BM, Robinson NM, Lee NC, Wilson GM, Seley-Radtke KL. Structural and Biological Investigations for a Series of N-5 Substituted Pyrrolo[3,2- d]pyrimidines as Potential Anti-Cancer Therapeutics. Molecules 2019; 24:E2656. [PMID: 31340431 PMCID: PMC6680647 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24142656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidines have been studied for many years as potential lead compounds for the development of antiproliferative agents. Much of the focus has been on modifications to the pyrimidine ring, with enzymatic recognition often modulated by C2 and C4 substituents. In contrast, this work focuses on the N5 of the pyrrole ring by means of a series of novel N5-substituted pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidines. The compounds were screened against the NCI-60 Human Tumor Cell Line panel, and the results were analyzed using the COMPARE algorithm to elucidate potential mechanisms of action. COMPARE analysis returned strong correlation to known DNA alkylators and groove binders, corroborating the hypothesis that these pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidines act as DNA or RNA alkylators. In addition, N5 substitution reduced the EC50 against CCRF-CEM leukemia cells by up to 7-fold, indicating that this position is of interest in the development of antiproliferative lead compounds based on the pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M Cawrse
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
| | - Nia'mani M Robinson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
| | - Nina C Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Gerald M Wilson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Katherine L Seley-Radtke
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.
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8
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Studies on the Dual Activity of EGFR and HER-2 Inhibitors Using Structure-Based Drug Design Techniques. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123728. [PMID: 30477154 PMCID: PMC6321113 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
HER-2 and EGFR are biological targets related to the development of cancer and the discovery and/or development of a dual inhibitor could be a good strategy to design an effective drug candidate. In this study, analyses of the chemical properties of a group of substances having affinity for both HER-2 and EGFR were carried out with the aim of understanding the main factors involved in the interaction between these inhibitors and the biological targets. Comparative analysis of molecular interaction fields (CoMFA) and comparative molecular similarity index analysis (CoMSIA) techniques were applied on 63 compounds. From CoMFA analyses, we found for both HER-2 (r2 calibration = 0.98 and q2cv = 0.83) and EGFR (r2 calibration = 0.98 and q2cv = 0.73) good predictive models. Good models for CoMSIA technique have also been found for HER-2 (r2 calibration = 0.92 and q2cv = 0.74) and EGFR (r2 calibration = 0.97 and q2cv = 0.72). The constructed models could indicate some important characteristics for the inhibition of the biological targets. New compounds were proposed as candidates to inhibit both proteins. Therefore, this study may guide future projects for the development of new drug candidates for the treatment of breast cancer.
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9
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Gamo K, Okuzono Y, Yabuki M, Ochi T, Sugimura K, Sato Y, Sagara M, Hayashi H, Ishimura Y, Nishimoto Y, Murakawa Y, Shiokawa Z, Gotoh M, Miyazaki T, Ebisuno Y. Gene Signature-Based Approach Identified MEK1/2 as a Potential Target Associated With Relapse After Anti-TNFα Treatment for Crohn's Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2018; 24:1251-1265. [PMID: 29669006 PMCID: PMC6176896 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izy079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (anti-TNFα) therapy has become the mainstay of therapy for Crohn's disease (CD). However, post-therapy, the recurrence rate is still high. The aim of this study was to dissect the molecular mechanism for recurrence of CD treated with anti-TNFα therapy and investigate novel therapeutic options that could induce complete remission. METHODS We re-analyzed publicly available mucosal gene expression data from CD patients pre- and post-infliximab therapy to extract the transcriptional differences between responders and healthy controls. We used a systematic computational approach based on identified differences to discover novel therapies and validated this prediction through in vitro and in vivo experimentation. RESULTS We identified a set of 3545 anti-TNFα therapy-untreatable genes (TUGs) that are significantly regulated in intestinal epithelial cells, which remain altered during remission. Pathway enrichment analysis of these genes clearly showed excessive growth state and suppressed terminal differentiation, whereas immune components were clearly resolved. Through in silico screening strategy, we observed that MEK inhibitors were predicted to revert expression of genes dysregulated in infliximab responders. In vitro transcriptome analysis demonstrated that selective MEK1/2 inhibitor significantly normalized reference genes from TUGs. In addition, in vitro functional study proved that MEK1/2 inhibitor facilitated intestinal epithelial differentiation. Finally, using murine colitis model, administration of MEK1/2 inhibitor significantly improved diarrhea and histological score. CONCLUSIONS Our data revealed the abnormalities in anti-TNFα responders' CD colons that would be cause of recurrence of CD. Also, we provided evidence regarding MEK1/2 inhibitor as a potential treatment against CD to achieve sustainable remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanae Gamo
- Immunology Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Yuumi Okuzono
- Immunology Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Masato Yabuki
- Immunology Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Ochi
- Immunology Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Kyoko Sugimura
- Immunology Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Yosuke Sato
- Immunology Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Masaki Sagara
- Immunology Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Hiroki Hayashi
- Immunology Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Ishimura
- Drug Safety Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Yutaka Nishimoto
- Pharmaceutical Technology Research and Development Laboratories, CMC Center, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Murakawa
- Pharmaceutical Technology Research and Development Laboratories, CMC Center, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Osaka, Japan
| | - Zenyu Shiokawa
- Immunology Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Masayuki Gotoh
- Immunology Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Takahiro Miyazaki
- Immunology Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Yukihiko Ebisuno
- Immunology Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan,Address correspondence to: Yukihiko Ebisuno, PhD, Immunology Unit, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 2-26-1, Muraoka-Higashi, Fujisawa 251–8555, Japan ()
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10
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Milik SN, Lasheen DS, Serya RA, Abouzid KA. How to train your inhibitor: Design strategies to overcome resistance to Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 142:131-151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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11
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Li N, Yao B, Wang C, Meng Q, Hou G. Synthesis, crystal structure and activity evaluation of novel 3,4-dihydro-1-benzoxepin-5(2H)-one derivatives as protein-tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitors. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY 2017; 73:1003-1009. [PMID: 29111533 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229617015145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Four new 3,4-dihydro-1-benzoxepin-5(2H)-one derivatives, namely (E)-4-(5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzylidene)-6,8-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydrobenzo[b]oxepin-5(2H)-one, (7), (E)-4-[(E)-3-(5-bromo-2-hydroxyphenyl)allylidene]-6,8-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydrobenzo[b]oxepin-5(2H)-one, (8), (E)-4-(5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzylidene)-6-hydroxy-8-methoxy-3,4-dihydrobenzo[b]oxepin-5(2H)-one, C18H15BrO5, (9), and (E)-4-[(E)-3-(5-bromo-2-hydroxyphenyl)allylidene]-6-hydroxy-8-methoxy-3,4-dihydrobenzo[b]oxepin-5(2H)-one, (10), have been synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, NMR and MS. The structure of (9) was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Crystal structure analysis shows that molecules of (9) are connected into a one-dimensional chain in the [010] direction through classical hydrogen bonds and these chains are further extended into a three-dimensional network via C-H...O interactions. The inhibitory activities of these compounds against protein-tyrosine kinases (PTKs) show that 6-hydroxy-substituted compounds (9) and (10) are more effective for inhibiting ErbB1 and ErbB2 than are 6-methoxy-substituted compounds (7) and (8). This may be because (9) and (10) could effectively bind to the active pockets of the protein through intermolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- School of Pharmacy, The Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Binrong Yao
- School of Pharmacy, The Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhua Wang
- School of Pharmacy, The Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingguo Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, People's Republic of China
| | - Guige Hou
- School of Pharmacy, The Key Laboratory of Prescription Effect and Clinical Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, People's Republic of China
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12
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Chang J, Ren H, Zhao M, Chong Y, Zhao W, He Y, Zhao Y, Zhang H, Qi C. Development of a series of novel 4-anlinoquinazoline derivatives possessing quinazoline skeleton: Design, synthesis, EGFR kinase inhibitory efficacy, and evaluation of anticancer activities in vitro. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 138:669-688. [PMID: 28711702 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
4-anilinoquinazoline-based derivatives represent an attractive scaffold for small molecular EGFR-TKIs in the field of medicinal chemistry. A series of novel heterocyclic substituted derivatives have been designed, synthesized and evaluated their antitumor bioactivities as potential EGFR-TKIs. Most of the new compounds exhibited certain efficient inhibition potency for proliferation of a panel of five human cancer cells with IC50 values at the low micromolar level, and some of them possessed good broad-spectrum inhibition activities, compared to Gefitinib. Especially, the IC50 values of compound 21 against HepG2, A549, MCF-7, DU145 and SH-SY5Y cells were 4.61, 9.50, 9.80, 6.79 and 7.77 μM, respectively, which were much lower than those of Gefitinb. Furthermore, the highlighting compound 21 demonstrated excellent inhibition activity against EGFR-TK with the IC50 value of 3.62 nM, similar to that of Gefitinib(2.21 nM). The results of LDH release assay proved that compound 21 was anti-proliferative rather than cytotoxicity on HepG2 cells. Compound 21 were able to cause HepG2 cells to block in S phase and induce cell death mainly by apoptosis through a mitochondrial dependent pathway. Moreover, the assessment of MMP, the determination of intracellular free Ca2+ concentration, the production of ROS, and the effects on the activity of caspase-3 in a dose-dependent manner demonstrated that compound 21 induced cell apoptosis in HepG2 cells through the Ca2+/ROS-mediated mitochondria/caspase-dependent apoptosis pathway largely. These preliminary results evidenced that compound 21 could be a potential antitumor agent deserving further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Chang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Hongyu Ren
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Mingxia Zhao
- Shanxi Institute of Technology, Yangquan, Shanxi, 045000, PR China
| | - Yan Chong
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Wenwen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Yong He
- Experimental Chemistry Center, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Yunling Zhao
- Experimental Chemistry Center, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Huabei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Chuanmin Qi
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China.
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13
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Fekete B, Palkó M, Haukka M, Fülöp F. Synthesis of Pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrimidine Enantiomers via Domino Ring-Closure followed by Retro Diels-Alder Protocol. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22040613. [PMID: 28406463 PMCID: PMC6154686 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22040613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
From 2-aminonorbornene hydroxamic acids, a simple and efficient method for the preparation of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrimidine enantiomers is reported. The synthesis is based on domino ring-closure followed by microwave-induced retro Diels-Alder (RDA) protocols, where the chirality of the desired products is transferred from norbornene derivatives. The stereochemistry of the synthesized compounds was proven by X-ray crystallography. The absolute configuration of the product is determined by the configuration of the starting amino hydroxamic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beáta Fekete
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Eötvös utca 6, Szeged H-6720, Hungary.
| | - Márta Palkó
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Eötvös utca 6, Szeged H-6720, Hungary.
| | - Matti Haukka
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, FIN-40014 Turku, Finland.
| | - Ferenc Fülöp
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Eötvös utca 6, Szeged H-6720, Hungary.
- MTA-SZTE Stereochemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös utca 6, Szeged H-6720, Hungary.
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Pyrrole and Fused Pyrrole Compounds with Bioactivity against Inflammatory Mediators. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22030461. [PMID: 28304349 PMCID: PMC6155178 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22030461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A new series of pyrrolopyridines and pyrrolopyridopyrimidines have been synthesized from aminocyanopyrroles. The synthesized compounds have been characterized by FTIR, 1H-NMR and mass spectroscopy. The final compounds have been screened for in vitro pro-inflammatory cytokine inhibitory and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity. The biological results revealed that among all tested compounds some fused pyrroles, namely the pyrrolopyridines 3i and 3l, show promising activity. A docking study of the active synthesized molecules confirmed the biological results and revealed a new binding pose in the COX-2 binding site.
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15
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Qu D, Yan A, Zhang JS. SAR and QSAR study on the bioactivities of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) inhibitors. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 28:111-132. [PMID: 28235391 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2017.1284898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, structure-activity relationship (SAR, classification) and quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models have been established to predict the bioactivity of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) inhibitors. For the SAR study, we established six SAR (or classification) models to distinguish highly and weakly active HER2 inhibitors. The dataset contained 868 HER2 inhibitors, which was split into a training set including 580 inhibitors and a test set including 288 inhibitors by a Kohonen's self-organizing map (SOM), or a random method. The SAR models were performed using support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF) and multilayer perceptron (MLP) methods. Among the six models, SVM models obtained superior results compared with other models. The prediction accuracy of the best model (model 1A) was 90.27% and the Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) was 0.80 on the test set. For the QSAR study, we chose 286 HER2 inhibitors to establish six quantitative prediction models using MLR, SVM and MLP methods. The correlation coefficient (r) of the best model (model 4B) was 0.92 on the test set. The descriptors analysis showed that HAccN, lone pair electronegativity and π electronegativity were closely related to the bioactivity of HER2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Qu
- a State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing , P.R. China
| | - A Yan
- a State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing , P.R. China
| | - J S Zhang
- b The High School Affiliated to Renmin University of China , Beijing , P.R. China
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Han J, Henriksen S, Nørsett KG, Sundby E, Hoff BH. Balancing potency, metabolic stability and permeability in pyrrolopyrimidine-based EGFR inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 124:583-607. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.08.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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17
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Xie R, Hu Y, Wan H, Hu Y, Chen S, Zhang S, Zhang Y. An efficient synthesis of 4,6-substituted pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidines by silver-catalyzed cyclization of acetylene amine. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.04.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Elkamhawy A, Farag AK, Viswanath ANI, Bedair TM, Leem DG, Lee KT, Pae AN, Roh EJ. Targeting EGFR/HER2 tyrosine kinases with a new potent series of 6-substituted 4-anilinoquinazoline hybrids: Design, synthesis, kinase assay, cell-based assay, and molecular docking. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:5147-54. [PMID: 26475520 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Coexpression of EGFR and HER2 has been found in many tumors such as breast, ovarian, colon and prostate cancers, with poor prognosis of the patients. Herein, our team has designed and synthesized new eighteen compounds with 6-substituted 4-anilinoquinazoline core to selectively inhibit EGFR/HER2 tyrosine kinases. Twelve compounds (8a-8d, 9a, 9c, 9d, 10a, 10c, 11b, 14, and 15) showed nanomolar range of IC50 values on EGFR and/or HER2 kinases. Accordingly, a detailed structure activity relationship (SAR) was established. A molecular docking study demonstrated the favorable binding modes of 8d, 9b, 9d and 10d at the ATP active site of both kinases. A kinase selectivity profile performed for compound 8d showed great selectivity for EGFR and HER2. In addition, 8d, 9c, and 9d exerted selective promising cytotoxic activity over BT-474 cell line with IC50 values of 2.70, 1.82 and 1.95 μM, respectively. From these results, we report analogs 8d, 9c, and 9d as promising candidates for the discovery of well-balanced compounds in terms of the kinase inhibitory potency and antiproliferative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Elkamhawy
- Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 136-791, South Korea; Department of Biological Chemistry, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 305-350, South Korea; Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Karam Farag
- Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 136-791, South Korea; Department of Biological Chemistry, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 305-350, South Korea
| | - Ambily Nath Indu Viswanath
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 305-350, South Korea; Center for Neuro-Medicine, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 136-791, South Korea
| | - Tarek M Bedair
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 305-350, South Korea; Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 136-791, South Korea
| | - Dong Gyu Leem
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, South Korea
| | - Ae Nim Pae
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 305-350, South Korea; Center for Neuro-Medicine, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 136-791, South Korea
| | - Eun Joo Roh
- Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 136-791, South Korea; Department of Biological Chemistry, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 305-350, South Korea.
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19
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Schroeder RL, Stevens CL, Sridhar J. Small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors of ErbB2/HER2/Neu in the treatment of aggressive breast cancer. Molecules 2014; 19:15196-212. [PMID: 25251190 PMCID: PMC6270702 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190915196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a member of the erbB class of tyrosine kinase receptors. These proteins are normally expressed at the surface of healthy cells and play critical roles in the signal transduction cascade in a myriad of biochemical pathways responsible for cell growth and differentiation. However, it is widely known that amplification and subsequent overexpression of the HER2 encoding oncogene results in unregulated cell proliferation in an aggressive form of breast cancer known as HER2-positive breast cancer. Existing therapies such as trastuzumab (Herceptin®) and lapatinib (Tyverb/Tykerb®), a monoclonal antibody inhibitor and a dual EGFR/HER2 kinase inhibitor, respectively, are currently used in the treatment of HER2-positive cancers, although issues with high recurrence and acquired resistance still remain. Small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors provide attractive therapeutic targets, as they are able to block cell signaling associated with many of the proposed mechanisms for HER2 resistance. In this regard we aim to present a review on the available HER2 tyrosine kinase inhibitors, as well as those currently in development. The use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors as sequential or combinatorial therapeutic strategies with other HER family inhibitors is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard L Schroeder
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA.
| | - Cheryl L Stevens
- Ogden College of Science and Engineering, Western Kentucky University, 1906 College Heights Boulevard #11075, Bowling Green, KY 42101, USA.
| | - Jayalakshmi Sridhar
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA.
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