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Fu J, Guo Q, Feng Y, Cheng P, Wu A. Dual role of fucosidase in cancers and its clinical potential. J Cancer 2022; 13:3121-3132. [PMID: 36046653 PMCID: PMC9414016 DOI: 10.7150/jca.75840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosidases and glycosyltransferases greatly impact malignant phenotype of tumors though genetics and epigenetics mechanisms. As the member of glycoside hydrolase (GH) families 29A, α-L-fucosidases (AFUs) are involved in the hydrolysis of terminal L-fucose residues linked via α-1,2, α-1,3, α-1,4 or α-1,6 to the reducing end of N-acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc) of oligosaccharide chains. The defucosylation process mediated by AFUs contributes to the development of various diseases, such as chronic inflammatory diseases, immune disorders, and autoimmune diseases by reducing the interaction between fucosylated adhesion molecules supporting leukocyte extravasation. AFUs also impair crucial cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions and presumably subsequent cell signaling pathways, which lead to changes in tumor function and behavior. There are two isoforms of AFUs in human, namely α-L-fucosidase 1 (FUCA1) and α-L-fucosidase 2 (FUCA2), respectively. FUCA1 is a p53 target gene and can hydrolyze different fucosylation sites on epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), thereby determining the activation of EGFR. FUCA2 mediates the adhesion between Helicobacter pylori and gastric mucosa and is upregulated in 24 tumor types. Besides, based on the participation of AFU in signaling pathways and tumor progression, we discuss the prospect of AFU as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxing Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qing Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Anhua Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Liu T, Liu R, Zhu L, Zou X, Guan H, Xu Z. Development of a UHPLC-MS method for inhibitor screening against α-L-1,3-fucosidase. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:1467-1477. [PMID: 30706074 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01575-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
α-L-Fucosidase (AFU) is a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of inflammation, cancer, cystic fibrosis, and fucosidosis. Some of the existing analytical methods for the assessment of AFU activity are lacking in sensitivity and selectivity, since most of them are based on spectrofluorimetric methods. More recently, mass spectrometry (MS) has evolved as a key technology for enzyme assays and inhibitor screening as it enables accurate monitoring of the conversion of substrate to product in enzymatic reactions. In this study, UHPLC-MS has been utilized to develop a simple, sensitive, and accurate assay for enzyme kinetics and inhibition studies of AFU3, a member of the AFU family. A reported method for analyzing saccharide involving a porous graphitic carbon column, combined with reduction by NaBH4/CH3OH, was used to improve sensitivity. The conversion of saccharide into alditol could reach nearly 100% in the NaBH4 reduction reaction. In addition, the bioanalytical quantitative screening method was validated according to US-FDA guidance, including selectivity, linearity, precision, accuracy, stability, and matrix effect. The developed method displayed a good accuracy, high sensitivity (LOD = 0.05 mg L-1), and good reproducibility (RSD < 15%). The assay accurately measured an IC50 value of 0.40 μM for the known AFU inhibitor, deoxyfuconojirimycin, which was consistent with results reported in the literature. Further validation of the assay was achieved through the determination of a high Z'-factor value of 0.89. The assay was applied to screen a marine-derived chemical library against AFU3, which revealed two marine-oriented pyrimidine alkaloids as potential AFU3 inhibitors. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tangrong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Innovation Center for Marine Drugs Screening and Evaluation, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Ruonan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Innovation Center for Marine Drugs Screening and Evaluation, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Innovation Center for Marine Drugs Screening and Evaluation, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Xuan Zou
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Innovation Center for Marine Drugs Screening and Evaluation, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Huashi Guan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Innovation Center for Marine Drugs Screening and Evaluation, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, China.,Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Zhe Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China. .,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Innovation Center for Marine Drugs Screening and Evaluation, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, China. .,Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
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Jones AM, Banks CE. The Shono-type electroorganic oxidation of unfunctionalised amides. Carbon-carbon bond formation via electrogenerated N-acyliminium ions. Beilstein J Org Chem 2014; 10:3056-72. [PMID: 25670975 PMCID: PMC4311756 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.10.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
N-acyliminium ions are useful reactive synthetic intermediates in a variety of important carbon–carbon bond forming and cyclisation strategies in organic chemistry. The advent of an electrochemical anodic oxidation of unfunctionalised amides, more commonly known as the Shono oxidation, has provided a complementary route to the C–H activation of low reactivity intermediates. In this article, containing over 100 references, we highlight the development of the Shono-type oxidations from the original direct electrolysis methods, to the use of electroauxiliaries before arriving at indirect electrolysis methodologies. We also highlight new technologies and techniques applied to this area of electrosynthesis. We conclude with the use of this electrosynthetic approach to challenging syntheses of natural products and other complex structures for biological evaluation discussing recent technological developments in electroorganic techniques and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan M Jones
- Manchester Metropolitan University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Science and the Environment, Division of Chemistry and Environmental Science, John Dalton Building, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
| | - Craig E Banks
- Manchester Metropolitan University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Science and the Environment, Division of Chemistry and Environmental Science, John Dalton Building, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
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