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Xu W, Liu F, Li Q, Li L, Liu X. Integrated Analysis of miRNA and mRNA Regulation Network in Hypertension. Biochem Genet 2023; 61:2566-2579. [PMID: 37165183 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10389-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is the most common chronic disease. Early diagnosis is helpful for early medical intervention. The miRNAs and the messenger RNAs (mRNAs) network may be valuable disease diagnosis markers. We aimed to explore the diagnostic value of the miRNA-mRNA network for hypertension patients. Data of miRNAs and mRNAs expression were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The weighted gene co-expression network analysis was performed to screen hypertension-related gene modules, and these genes undergone functional enrichment analysis using "clusterProfiler" package. Differential expression analysis was applied on miRNAs expression profiles using "limma" package. TargetScanHuman and miRDB databases were used to select target mRNAs. Cytoscape software was used to visualize the miRNA-mRNA regulation network. P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant after t test. There were 123 screened mRNAs which were enriched in 161 Gene ontology (GO) terms and 14 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. Thirty-five differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) are found in the GSE75670. Totally 36 miRNA-mRNA pairs were obtained after the integrated analysis, and three mRNAs and the hsa-miRNA-5589-5p were identified as key joints. Hub genes, KIAA0513, ARID3A and LRPAP1, and key hsa-miRNA-5589-5p are potential diagnostic biomarkers for hypertension. Our findings are promising in the clinical application, conducive to early detection and prompt intervention of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijuan Xu
- Department of Geriatrics, Zibo Central Hospital, No 54 Gongqingtuan West Road, 255036, Zibo, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Emergency, Zibo Central Hospital, No 54 Gongqingtuan West Road, 255036, Zibo, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghua Li
- Department of Emergency, Zibo Central Hospital, No 54 Gongqingtuan West Road, 255036, Zibo, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Zibo Central Hospital, No 54 Gongqingtuan West Road, 255036, Zibo, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiqiang Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Zibo Central Hospital, No 54 Gongqingtuan West Road, 255036, Zibo, People's Republic of China
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2
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Breijyeh Z, Karaman R. Design and Synthesis of Novel Antimicrobial Agents. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12030628. [PMID: 36978495 PMCID: PMC10045396 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12030628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The necessity for the discovery of innovative antimicrobials to treat life-threatening diseases has increased as multidrug-resistant bacteria has spread. Due to antibiotics' availability over the counter in many nations, antibiotic resistance is linked to overuse, abuse, and misuse of these drugs. The World Health Organization (WHO) recognized 12 families of bacteria that present the greatest harm to human health, where options of antibiotic therapy are extremely limited. Therefore, this paper reviews possible new ways for the development of novel classes of antibiotics for which there is no pre-existing resistance in human bacterial pathogens. By utilizing research and technology such as nanotechnology and computational methods (such as in silico and Fragment-based drug design (FBDD)), there has been an improvement in antimicrobial actions and selectivity with target sites. Moreover, there are antibiotic alternatives, such as antimicrobial peptides, essential oils, anti-Quorum sensing agents, darobactins, vitamin B6, bacteriophages, odilorhabdins, 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid, and cannabinoids. Additionally, drug repurposing (such as with ticagrelor, mitomycin C, auranofin, pentamidine, and zidovudine) and synthesis of novel antibacterial agents (including lactones, piperidinol, sugar-based bactericides, isoxazole, carbazole, pyrimidine, and pyrazole derivatives) represent novel approaches to treating infectious diseases. Nonetheless, prodrugs (e.g., siderophores) have recently shown to be an excellent platform to design a new generation of antimicrobial agents with better efficacy against multidrug-resistant bacteria. Ultimately, to combat resistant bacteria and to stop the spread of resistant illnesses, regulations and public education regarding the use of antibiotics in hospitals and the agricultural sector should be combined with research and technological advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Breijyeh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem P.O. Box 20002, Palestine
| | - Rafik Karaman
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem P.O. Box 20002, Palestine
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
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3
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Abstract
Pentamidine (PTM), which is a diamine that is widely known for its antimicrobial activity, is a very interesting drug whose mechanism of action is not fully understood. In recent years, PTM has been proposed as a novel potential drug candidate for the treatment of mental illnesses, myotonic dystrophy, diabetes, and tumors. Nevertheless, the systemic administration of PTM causes severe side effects, especially nephrotoxicity. In order to efficiently deliver PTM and reduce its side effects, several nanosystems that take advantage of the chemical characteristics of PTM, such as the presence of two positively charged amidine groups at physiological pH, have been proposed as useful delivery tools. Polymeric, lipidic, inorganic, and other types of nanocarriers have been reported in the literature for PTM delivery, and they are all in different development phases. The available approaches for the design of PTM nanoparticulate delivery systems are reported in this review, with a particular emphasis on formulation strategies and in vitro/in vivo applications. Furthermore, a critical view of the future developments of nanomedicine for PTM applications, based on recent repurposing studies, is provided. Created with BioRender.com.
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Bogdanova EV, Stogniy MY, Suponitsky KY, Sivaev IB, Bregadze VI. Synthesis of Boronated Amidines by Addition of Amines to Nitrilium Derivative of Cobalt Bis(Dicarbollide). Molecules 2021; 26:6544. [PMID: 34770953 PMCID: PMC8588172 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel cobalt bis(dicarbollide) based amidines were synthesized by the nucleophilic addition of primary and secondary amines to highly activated B-N+≡C-R triple bond of the propionitrilium derivative [8-EtC≡N-3,3'-Co(1,2-C2B9H10)(1',2'-C2B9H11)]. The reactions with primary amines result in the formation of mixtures of E and Z isomers of amidines, whereas the reactions with secondary amines lead selectively to the E-isomers. The crystal molecular structures of E-[8-EtC(NMe2)=HN-3,3'-Co(1,2-C2B9H10)(1',2'-C2B9H11)], E-[8-EtC(NEt2)=HN-3,3'-Co(1,2- C2B9H10)(1',2'-C2B9H11)] and E-[8-EtC(NC5H10)=HN-3,3'-Co(1,2-C2B9H10)(1',2'-C2B9H11)] were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina V. Bogdanova
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.V.B.); (K.Y.S.); (I.B.S.); (V.I.B.)
- M.V. Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technology, MIREA—Russian Technological University, 86 Vernadsky Av., 119571 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina Yu. Stogniy
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.V.B.); (K.Y.S.); (I.B.S.); (V.I.B.)
- M.V. Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technology, MIREA—Russian Technological University, 86 Vernadsky Av., 119571 Moscow, Russia
| | - Kyrill Yu. Suponitsky
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.V.B.); (K.Y.S.); (I.B.S.); (V.I.B.)
- Basic Department of Chemistry of Innovative Materials and Technologies, G.V. Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 36 Stremyannyi Line, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor B. Sivaev
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.V.B.); (K.Y.S.); (I.B.S.); (V.I.B.)
| | - Vladimir I. Bregadze
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.V.B.); (K.Y.S.); (I.B.S.); (V.I.B.)
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5
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Yadava U, Yadav SK, Yadav RK. Investigations on bisamidine derivatives as novel minor groove binders with the dodecamer 5′(CGCGAATTCGCG)3′. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.01.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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6
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Mangold M, Gütschow M, Stirnberg M. A Short Peptide Inhibitor as an Activity-Based Probe for Matriptase-2. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2018; 11:ph11020049. [PMID: 29883401 PMCID: PMC6027297 DOI: 10.3390/ph11020049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Matriptase-2 is a type II transmembrane serine protease and a key regulator of systemic iron homeostasis. Since the activation mechanism and several features of the physiological role of matriptase-2 are not fully understood, there is strong need for analytical tools to perform tasks such as distinguishing active and inactive matriptase-2. For this purpose we present a short biotinylated peptide derivative with a chloromethyl ketone group, biotin-RQRR-CMK, as an activity-based probe for matriptase-2. Biotin-RQRR-CMK was kinetically characterized and exhibited a second-order rate constant of inactivation (kinac/Ki) of 10,800 M−1 s−1 towards the matriptase-2 activity in the supernatant of transfected human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells. Biotin-RQRR-CMK was able to label active matriptase-2, as visualized in western blot experiments. Pretreatment with aprotinin, an active-site directed inhibitor of serine proteases, protected matriptase-2 from the reaction with biotin-RQRR-CMK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Mangold
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn 53113, Germany.
| | - Michael Gütschow
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn 53113, Germany.
| | - Marit Stirnberg
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn 53113, Germany.
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7
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Muñoz-Torrero D, Mangoni AA, Guillou C, Collina S, Vanden Eynde JJ, Rautio J, Keserű GM, Hulme C, Chibale K, Luque FJ, Karaman R, Gütschow M, Liu H, Ragno R. Breakthroughs in Medicinal Chemistry: New Targets and Mechanisms, New Drugs, New Hopes. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22050743. [PMID: 28475136 PMCID: PMC6154424 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22050743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Muñoz-Torrero
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII; 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-934-024-533
| | - Arduino A. Mangoni
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia;
| | - Catherine Guillou
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université de Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France;
| | - Simona Collina
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, Centre for Health Technologies (CHT), University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | | | - Jarkko Rautio
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O.Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland;
| | - György M. Keserű
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, The Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Christopher Hulme
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA;
| | - Kelly Chibale
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, and South African Medical Research Council Drug Discovery and Development Research Unit, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa;
| | - F. Javier Luque
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science, and Gastronomy and Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain;
| | - Rafik Karaman
- Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Quds University, POB 20002 Jerusalem, Palestine;
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viadell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Michael Gütschow
- Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China;
| | - Rino Ragno
- Rome Center for Molecular Design, Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology, Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
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8
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Carrijo-Carvalho LC, Sant'ana VP, Foronda AS, de Freitas D, de Souza Carvalho FR. Therapeutic agents and biocides for ocular infections by free-living amoebae of Acanthamoeba genus. Surv Ophthalmol 2016; 62:203-218. [PMID: 27836717 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2016.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Acanthamoeba keratitis is a sight-threatening infectious disease. Resistance of the cystic form of the protozoan to biocides and the potential toxicity of chemical compounds to corneal cells are the main concerns related to long-term treatment with the clinically available ophthalmic drugs. Currently, a limited number of recognized antimicrobial agents are available to treat ocular amoebic infections. Topical application of biguanide and diamidine antiseptic solutions is the first-line therapy. We consider the current challenges when treating Acanthamoeba keratitis and review the chemical properties, toxicities, and mechanisms of action of the available biocides. Antimicrobial therapy using anti-inflammatory drugs is controversial, and aspects related to this topic are discussed. Finally, we offer our perspective on potential improvement of the effectiveness and safety of therapeutic profiles, with the focus on the quality of life and the advancement of individualized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Christian Carrijo-Carvalho
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Viviane Peracini Sant'ana
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Annette Silva Foronda
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Denise de Freitas
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabio Ramos de Souza Carvalho
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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9
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Häußler D, Mangold M, Furtmann N, Braune A, Blaut M, Bajorath J, Stirnberg M, Gütschow M. Phosphono Bisbenzguanidines as Irreversible Dipeptidomimetic Inhibitors and Activity-Based Probes of Matriptase-2. Chemistry 2016; 22:8525-35. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Häußler
- Pharmaceutical Institute; Pharmaceutical Chemistry I; University of Bonn; An der Immenburg 4 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Martin Mangold
- Pharmaceutical Institute; Pharmaceutical Chemistry I; University of Bonn; An der Immenburg 4 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Norbert Furtmann
- Pharmaceutical Institute; Pharmaceutical Chemistry I; University of Bonn; An der Immenburg 4 53121 Bonn Germany
- Department of Life Science Informatics, B-IT; LIMES Program Unit Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry; University of Bonn; Dahlmannstrasse 2 53113 Bonn Germany
| | - Annett Braune
- Department of Gastrointestinal Microbiology; German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke; Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116 14558 Nuthetal Germany
| | - Michael Blaut
- Department of Gastrointestinal Microbiology; German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke; Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116 14558 Nuthetal Germany
| | - Jürgen Bajorath
- Department of Life Science Informatics, B-IT; LIMES Program Unit Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry; University of Bonn; Dahlmannstrasse 2 53113 Bonn Germany
| | - Marit Stirnberg
- Pharmaceutical Institute; Pharmaceutical Chemistry I; University of Bonn; An der Immenburg 4 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Michael Gütschow
- Pharmaceutical Institute; Pharmaceutical Chemistry I; University of Bonn; An der Immenburg 4 53121 Bonn Germany
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10
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Alkanediamide-Linked Bisbenzamidines Are Promising Antiparasitic Agents. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2016; 9:ph9020020. [PMID: 27104545 PMCID: PMC4932538 DOI: 10.3390/ph9020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of 15 alkanediamide-linked bisbenzamidines and related analogs was synthesized and tested in vitro against two Trypanosoma brucei (T.b.) subspecies: T.b. brucei and T.b. rhodesiense, Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania donovani and two Plasmodium falciparum subspecies: a chloroquine-sensitive strain (NF54) and a chloroquine-resistant strain (K1). The in vitro cytotoxicity was determined against rat myoblast cells (L6). Seven compounds (5, 6, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15) showed high potency against both strains of T. brucei and P. falciparum with the inhibitory concentrations for 50% (IC50) in the nanomolar range (IC50 = 1–96 nM). None of the tested derivatives was significantly active against T. cruzi or L. donovani. Three of the more potent compounds (5, 6, 11) were evaluated in vivo in mice infected with the drug-sensitive (Lab 110 EATRO and KETRI 2002) or drug-resistant (KETRI 2538 and KETRI 1992) clinical isolates of T. brucei. Compounds 5 and 6 were highly effective in curing mice infected with the drug-sensitive strains, including a drug-resistant strain KETRI 2538, but were ineffective against KETRI 1992. Thermal melting of DNA and molecular modeling studies indicate AT-rich DNA sequences as possible binding sites for these compounds. Several of the tested compounds are suitable leads for the development of improved antiparasitic agents.
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11
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3,1-Benzothiazines, 1,4-Benzodioxines and 1,4-Benzoxazines as Inhibitors of Matriptase-2: Outcome of a Focused Screening Approach. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2016; 9:ph9010002. [PMID: 26771619 PMCID: PMC4812366 DOI: 10.3390/ph9010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver enzyme matriptase-2 is a multi-domain, transmembrane serine protease with an extracellular, C-terminal catalytic domain. Synthetic low-molecular weight inhibitors of matriptase-2 have potential as therapeutics to treat iron overload syndromes, in particular in patients with β-thalassemia. A sub-library of 64 compounds was screened for matriptase-2 inhibition and several active compounds were identified. (S)-Ethyl 2-(benzyl(3-((4-carbamidoylphenoxy)methyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin-6-yl)amino)-2-oxoacetate ((S)-12) showed an IC50 value of less than 10 µM. Structure-activity relationships were discussed and proposals to design new matriptase-2 inhibitors were made.
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12
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Berger ML, Maciejewska D, Vanden Eynde JJ, Mottamal M, Żabiński J, Kaźmierczak P, Rezler M, Jarak I, Piantanida I, Karminski-Zamola G, Mayence A, Rebernik P, Kumar A, Ismail MA, Boykin DW, Huang TL. Pentamidine analogs as inhibitors of [(3)H]MK-801 and [(3)H]ifenprodil binding to rat brain NMDA receptors. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:4489-4500. [PMID: 26117647 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The anti-protozoal drug pentamidine is active against opportunistic Pneumocystis pneumonia, but in addition has several other biological targets, including the NMDA receptor (NR). Here we describe the inhibitory potencies of 76 pentamidine analogs at 2 binding sites of the NR, the channel binding site labeled with [(3)H]MK-801 and the [(3)H]ifenprodil binding site. Most analogs acted weaker at the ifenprodil than at the channel site. The spermine-sensitivity of NR inhibition by the majority of the compounds was reminiscent of other long-chain dicationic NR blockers. The potency of the parent compound as NR blocker was increased by modifying the heteroatoms in the bridge connecting the 2 benzamidine moieties and also by integrating the bridge into a seven-membered ring. Docking of the 45 most spermine-sensitive bisbenzamidines to a recently described acidic interface between the N-terminal domains of GluN1 and GluN2B mediating polyamine stimulation of the NR revealed the domain contributed by GluN1 as the most relevant target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L Berger
- Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Dorota Maciejewska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Jerzy Żabiński
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Kaźmierczak
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Rezler
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ivana Jarak
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivo Piantanida
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Annie Mayence
- College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, USA
| | - Patrick Rebernik
- Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Arvind Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mohamed A Ismail
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - David W Boykin
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Tien L Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, USA
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13
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Häußler D, Gütschow M. Synthesis of a Fluorescent-Labeled Bisbenzamidine Containing the Central (6,7-Dimethoxy-4-coumaryl)Alanine Building Block. HETEROATOM CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/hc.21269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Häußler
- Pharmaceutical Institute; Pharmaceutical Chemistry I; University of Bonn; D-53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Michael Gütschow
- Pharmaceutical Institute; Pharmaceutical Chemistry I; University of Bonn; D-53121 Bonn Germany
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14
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Probing the relationship between anti-Pneumocystis carinii activity and DNA binding of bisamidines by molecular dynamics simulations. Molecules 2015; 20:5942-64. [PMID: 25854757 PMCID: PMC6272165 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20045942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-Pneumocystis carinii activity of 13 synthetic pentamidine analogs was analyzed. The experimental differences in melting points of DNA dodecamer 5'-(CGCGAATTCGCG)2-3' complexes (ΔTm), and in the biological activity measured using ATP bioluminescence assay (IC50) together with the theoretical free energy of DNA-ligand binding estimated by the proposed computational protocol, showed that the experimental activity of the tested pentamidines appeared to be due to the binding to the DNA minor groove with extended AT sequences. The effect of heteroatoms in the aliphatic linker, and the sulfonamide or methoxy substituents on the compound inducing changes in the interactions with the DNA minor groove was examined and was correlated with biological activity. In computational analysis, the explicit solvent approximation with the discrete water molecules was taken into account, and the role of water molecules in the DNA-ligand complexes was defined.
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15
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Wang X, Dong Y, Cal M, Kaiser M, Wittlin S, Vennerstrom JL. Antiprotozoal Selectivity of Diimidazoline N-Phenylbenzamides. ACS Infect Dis 2015; 1:135-9. [PMID: 27622464 DOI: 10.1021/id500034v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We discovered three diimidazolines with high antiplasmodial selectivity that had IC50 values of 1.9-28 nM against cultured Plasmodium falciparum. We also identified a gem-dimethyl diimidazoline with high antitrypanosomal selectivity that had an IC50 value of 26 nM against cultured Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense. Two 2-imidazoline heterocycles in a para orientation on a N-phenylbenzamide or similar core structure were required for high antiprotozoal activity. Ring expansion of the imidazoline as well as heterocyclic variants with pKa values of <7 all decreased activity significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Wang
- College
of Pharmacy, 986025 Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-6025, United States
| | - Yuxiang Dong
- College
of Pharmacy, 986025 Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-6025, United States
| | - Monica Cal
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marcel Kaiser
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sergio Wittlin
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jonathan L. Vennerstrom
- College
of Pharmacy, 986025 Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-6025, United States
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