1
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Yang H, Micovic N, Monaghan JR, Clark HA. Click Chemistry-Enabled Conjugation Strategy for Producing Dibenzodiazepinone-Type Fluorescent Probes To Target M 2 Acetylcholine Receptors. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:2223-2233. [PMID: 36327428 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The development of fluorescently labeled receptor-targeting compounds represents a powerful pharmacological tool to study and characterize ligand-receptor interactions. Despite significant advances in developing sub-type-specific antagonists for muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs), reports on antagonists feasible for click chemistry are less common. Here, we designed and synthesized an antagonist suitable for probe attachment through click chemistry, namely, dibenzodiazepinone (DIBA)-alkyne, based on a previously reported DIBA scaffold with a high binding affinity to type-2 mAChR (M2R). To demonstrate the versatility of DIBA-alkyne as a building block for bioconjugates, we assembled DIBA-alkyne with Cyanine5 fluorophores (Cy5) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) biomolecules to obtain fluorescent DIBA antagonist (DIBA-Cy5) and fluorescent DIBA PEG derivatives. Flow cytometric analysis showed that DIBA-Cy5 possessed a high binding affinity to M2R (Kd = 1.80 nM), a two-order magnitude higher binding affinity than M1R. Fluorescent DIBA PEG derivatives maintained a potent binding to the M2R (Kd ≤ 4 nM), confirmed by confocal microscopic imaging. Additionally, DIBA-Cy5 can serve as a fluorescent ligand in the receptor-ligand competitive binding assay for other mAChR ligands, an attractive alternative to the traditional radioligand-based assay. The competitive binding mode between DIBA-Cy5 and orthosteric antagonist atropine/allosteric modulator LY2119620 indicated a dualsteric binding mode of the DIBA-type antagonist to M2R. Lastly, we demonstrated the direct staining of DIBA-Cy5 to M2R receptors in the sinoatrial node of a mouse heart. The adaptability of the clickable DIBA antagonist to a wide range of fluorophores and biomolecules can facilitate its use in various biomedical applications such as binding assays that screen compounds for M2R as the receptor target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongrong Yang
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Nicholas Micovic
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - James R Monaghan
- Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
- Institute for Chemical Imaging of Living Systems, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Heather A Clark
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona85281, United States
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2
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Grätz L, Müller C, Pegoli A, Schindler L, Bernhardt G, Littmann T. Insertion of Nanoluc into the Extracellular Loops as a Complementary Method To Establish BRET-Based Binding Assays for GPCRs. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2022; 5:1142-1155. [PMID: 36407949 PMCID: PMC9667534 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.2c00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Luminescence-based techniques play an increasingly important role in all areas of biochemical research, including investigations on G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). One quite recent and popular addition has been made by introducing bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET)-based binding assays for GPCRs, which are based on the fusion of nanoluciferase (Nluc) to the N-terminus of the receptor and the occurring energy transfer via BRET to a bound fluorescent ligand. However, being based on BRET, the technique is strongly dependent on the distance/orientation between the luciferase and the fluorescent ligand. Here we describe an alternative strategy to establish BRET-based binding assays for GPCRs, where the N-terminal fusion of Nluc did not result in functioning test systems with our fluorescent ligands (e.g., for the neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor (Y1R) and the neurotensin receptor type 1 (NTS1R)). Instead, we introduced Nluc into their second extracellular loop and we obtained binding data for the fluorescent ligands and reported standard ligands (in saturation and competition binding experiments, respectively) comparable to data from the literature. The strategy was transferred to the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R) and the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M1R), which led to affinity estimates comparable to data from radioligand binding experiments. Additionally, an analysis of the binding kinetics of all fluorescent ligands at their respective target was performed using the newly described receptor/Nluc-constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christoph Müller
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Lisa Schindler
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Günther Bernhardt
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
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3
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Ali MAS, Hollo K, Laasfeld T, Torp J, Tahk MJ, Rinken A, Palo K, Parts L, Fishman D. ArtSeg-Artifact segmentation and removal in brightfield cell microscopy images without manual pixel-level annotations. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11404. [PMID: 35794119 PMCID: PMC9259686 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14703-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Brightfield cell microscopy is a foundational tool in life sciences. The acquired images are prone to contain visual artifacts that hinder downstream analysis, and automatically removing them is therefore of great practical interest. Deep convolutional neural networks are state-of-the-art for image segmentation, but require pixel-level annotations, which are time-consuming to produce. Here, we propose ScoreCAM-U-Net, a pipeline to segment artifactual regions in brightfield images with limited user input. The model is trained using only image-level labels, so the process is faster by orders of magnitude compared to pixel-level annotation, but without substantially sacrificing the segmentation performance. We confirm that artifacts indeed exist with different shapes and sizes in three different brightfield microscopy image datasets, and distort downstream analyses such as nuclei segmentation, morphometry and fluorescence intensity quantification. We then demonstrate that our automated artifact removal ameliorates this problem. Such rapid cleaning of acquired images using the power of deep learning models is likely to become a standard step for all large scale microscopy experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A S Ali
- Department of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Narva mnt 18, 51009, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kaspar Hollo
- Department of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Narva mnt 18, 51009, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tõnis Laasfeld
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jane Torp
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Maris-Johanna Tahk
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ago Rinken
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kaupo Palo
- PerkinElmer Cellular Technologies Germany GmbH, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Leopold Parts
- Department of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Narva mnt 18, 51009, Tartu, Estonia.
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, Cambridgeshire, UK.
| | - Dmytro Fishman
- Department of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Narva mnt 18, 51009, Tartu, Estonia.
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4
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Tahk MJ, Torp J, Ali MAS, Fishman D, Parts L, Grätz L, Müller C, Keller M, Veiksina S, Laasfeld T, Rinken A. Live-cell microscopy or fluorescence anisotropy with budded baculoviruses-which way to go with measuring ligand binding to M 4 muscarinic receptors? Open Biol 2022; 12:220019. [PMID: 35674179 PMCID: PMC9175271 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.220019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
M4 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that has been associated with alcohol and cocaine abuse, Alzheimer's disease, and schizophrenia which makes it an interesting drug target. For many GPCRs, the high-affinity fluorescence ligands have expanded the options for high-throughput screening of drug candidates and serve as useful tools in fundamental receptor research. Here, we explored two TAMRA-labelled fluorescence ligands, UR-MK342 and UR-CG072, for development of assays for studying ligand-binding properties to M4 receptor. Using budded baculovirus particles as M4 receptor preparation and fluorescence anisotropy method, we measured the affinities and binding kinetics of both fluorescence ligands. Using the fluorescence ligands as reporter probes, the binding affinities of unlabelled ligands could be determined. Based on these results, we took a step towards a more natural system and developed a method using live CHO-K1-hM4R cells and automated fluorescence microscopy suitable for the routine determination of unlabelled ligand affinities. For quantitative image analysis, we developed random forest and deep learning-based pipelines for cell segmentation. The pipelines were integrated into the user-friendly open-source Aparecium software. Both image analysis methods were suitable for measuring fluorescence ligand saturation binding and kinetics as well as for screening binding affinities of unlabelled ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maris-Johanna Tahk
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jane Torp
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mohammed A. S. Ali
- Department of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Narva Street 20, 51009 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Dmytro Fishman
- Department of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Narva Street 20, 51009 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Leopold Parts
- Department of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Narva Street 20, 51009 Tartu, Estonia
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Lukas Grätz
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Müller
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Max Keller
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Santa Veiksina
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tõnis Laasfeld
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Narva Street 20, 51009 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ago Rinken
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
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5
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Weinhart CG, Wifling D, Schmidt MF, Neu E, Höring C, Clark T, Gmeiner P, Keller M. Dibenzodiazepinone-type muscarinic receptor antagonists conjugated to basic peptides: Impact of the linker moiety and unnatural amino acids on M 2R selectivity. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 213:113159. [PMID: 33571911 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The family of human muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (MRs) is characterized by a high sequence homology among the five subtypes (M1R-M5R), being the reason for a lack of subtype selective MR ligands. In continuation of our work on dualsteric dibenzodiazepinone-type M2R antagonists, a series of M2R ligands containing a dibenzodiazepinone pharmacophore linked to small basic peptides was synthesized (64 compounds). The linker moiety was varied with respect to length, number of basic nitrogens (0-2) and flexibility. Besides proteinogenic basic amino acids (Lys, Arg), shorter homologues of Lys and Arg, containing three and two methylene groups, respectively, as well as D-configured amino acids were incorporated. The type of linker had a marked impact on M2R affinity and also effected M2R selectivity. In contrast, the structure of the basic peptide rather determined M2R selectivity than M2R affinity. For example, the most M2R selective compound (UR-CG188, 89) with picomolar M2R affinity (pKi 9.60), exhibited a higher M2R selectivity (ratio of Ki M1R/M2R/M3R/M4R/M5R: 110:1:5200:55:2300) compared to the vast majority of reported M2R preferring MR ligands. For selected ligands, M2R antagonism was confirmed in a M2R miniG protein recruitment assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna G Weinhart
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - David Wifling
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian F Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany; Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Computer-Chemistry-Center, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstrasse 25, D-91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eduard Neu
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany; Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Computer-Chemistry-Center, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstrasse 25, D-91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Carina Höring
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Timothy Clark
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany; Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Computer-Chemistry-Center, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstrasse 25, D-91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Gmeiner
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Max Keller
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany.
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6
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BRET- and fluorescence anisotropy-based assays for real-time monitoring of ligand binding to M 2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1868:118930. [PMID: 33347921 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BRET and fluorescence anisotropy (FA) are two fluorescence-based techniques used for the characterization of ligand binding to G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and both allow monitoring of ligand binding in real time. In this study, we present the first direct comparison of BRET-based and FA-based binding assays using the human M2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M2R) and two TAMRA (5-carboxytetramethylrhodamine)-labeled fluorescent ligands as a model system. The determined fluorescent ligand affinities from both assays were in good agreement with results obtained from radioligand competition binding experiments. The assays yielded real-time kinetic binding data revealing differences in the mechanism of binding for the investigated fluorescent probes. Furthermore, the investigation of various unlabeled M2R ligands yielded pharmacological profiles in accordance with earlier reported data. Taken together, this study showed that BRET- and FA-based binding assays represent valuable alternatives to radioactivity-based methods for screening purposes and for a precise characterization of binding kinetics supporting the exploration of binding mechanisms.
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7
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Gruber CG, Pegoli A, Müller C, Grätz L, She X, Keller M. Differently fluorescence-labelled dibenzodiazepinone-type muscarinic acetylcholine receptor ligands with high M 2R affinity. RSC Med Chem 2020; 11:823-832. [PMID: 33479678 PMCID: PMC7650007 DOI: 10.1039/d0md00137f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of fluorescent dibenzodiazepinone-type muscarinic acetylcholine M2 receptor (M2R) ligands was synthesized using various fluorescent dyes (5-TAMRA, λ ex/λ em ≈ 547/576 nm; BODIPY 630/650, λ ex/λ em ≈ 625/640 nm; pyridinium dye Py-1, λ ex/λ em ≈ 611/665 nm and pyridinium dye Py-5, λ ex/λ em ≈ 465/732 nm). All fluorescent probes exhibited high M2R affinity (pK i (radioligand competition binding): 8.75-9.62, pK d (flow cytometry): 8.36-9.19), a very low preference for the M2R over the M1 and M4 receptors and moderate to pronounced M2R selectivity compared to the M3 and M5 receptors. The presented fluorescent ligands are considered useful molecular tools for future studies using methods such as fluorescence anisotropy and BRET based MR binding assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna G Gruber
- Institute of Pharmacy , Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy , University of Regensburg , Universitätsstrasse 31 , D-93053 Regensburg , Germany .
| | - Andrea Pegoli
- Institute of Pharmacy , Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy , University of Regensburg , Universitätsstrasse 31 , D-93053 Regensburg , Germany .
| | - Christoph Müller
- Institute of Pharmacy , Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy , University of Regensburg , Universitätsstrasse 31 , D-93053 Regensburg , Germany .
| | - Lukas Grätz
- Institute of Pharmacy , Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy , University of Regensburg , Universitätsstrasse 31 , D-93053 Regensburg , Germany .
| | - Xueke She
- Institute of Pharmacy , Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy , University of Regensburg , Universitätsstrasse 31 , D-93053 Regensburg , Germany .
| | - Max Keller
- Institute of Pharmacy , Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy , University of Regensburg , Universitätsstrasse 31 , D-93053 Regensburg , Germany .
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8
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She X, Pegoli A, Gruber CG, Wifling D, Carpenter J, Hübner H, Chen M, Wan J, Bernhardt G, Gmeiner P, Holliday ND, Keller M. Red-Emitting Dibenzodiazepinone Derivatives as Fluorescent Dualsteric Probes for the Muscarinic Acetylcholine M2 Receptor. J Med Chem 2020; 63:4133-4154. [PMID: 32233403 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b02172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xueke She
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Pegoli
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Corinna G. Gruber
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - David Wifling
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jessica Carpenter
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen’s Medical Centre, Derby Road, Nottingham NG7 2UH, U.K
| | - Harald Hübner
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich Alexander University, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mengya Chen
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jianfei Wan
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Günther Bernhardt
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Peter Gmeiner
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich Alexander University, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nicholas D. Holliday
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen’s Medical Centre, Derby Road, Nottingham NG7 2UH, U.K
| | - Max Keller
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
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9
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Subota AI, Lutsenko AO, Vashchenko BV, Volochnyuk DM, Levchenko V, Dmytriv YV, Rusanov EB, Gorlova AO, Ryabukhin SV, Grygorenko OO. Scalable and Straightforward Synthesis of All Isomeric (Cyclo)alkylpiperidines. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrii I. Subota
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net); Chervonotkatska Street 78 02094 Kyiv Ukraine
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine; Murmanska Street 5 02094 Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Anton O. Lutsenko
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net); Chervonotkatska Street 78 02094 Kyiv Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv; Volodymyrska Street 64 01601 Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Bohdan V. Vashchenko
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net); Chervonotkatska Street 78 02094 Kyiv Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv; Volodymyrska Street 64 01601 Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Dmitriy M. Volochnyuk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine; Murmanska Street 5 02094 Kyiv Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv; Volodymyrska Street 64 01601 Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Vitalina Levchenko
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net); Chervonotkatska Street 78 02094 Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Yurii V. Dmytriv
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net); Chervonotkatska Street 78 02094 Kyiv Ukraine
- Department of Chemical Technology; National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”; Peremohy Ave. 37 03056 Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Eduard B. Rusanov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine; Murmanska Street 5 02094 Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Alina O. Gorlova
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net); Chervonotkatska Street 78 02094 Kyiv Ukraine
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine; Murmanska Street 5 02094 Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Sergey V. Ryabukhin
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv; Volodymyrska Street 64 01601 Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr O. Grygorenko
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net); Chervonotkatska Street 78 02094 Kyiv Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv; Volodymyrska Street 64 01601 Kyiv Ukraine
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10
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Pegoli A, Wifling D, Gruber CG, She X, Hübner H, Bernhardt G, Gmeiner P, Keller M. Conjugation of Short Peptides to Dibenzodiazepinone-Type Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Ligands Determines M2R Selectivity. J Med Chem 2019; 62:5358-5369. [PMID: 31074983 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pegoli
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - David Wifling
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Corinna G. Gruber
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Xueke She
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Harald Hübner
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich Alexander University, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Günther Bernhardt
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Peter Gmeiner
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich Alexander University, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Max Keller
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
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11
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Designing Hybrids Targeting the Cholinergic System by Modulating the Muscarinic and Nicotinic Receptors: A Concept to Treat Alzheimer's Disease. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23123230. [PMID: 30544533 PMCID: PMC6320942 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The cholinergic hypothesis has been reported first being the cause of memory dysfunction in the Alzheimer's disease. Researchers around the globe have focused their attention on understanding the mechanisms of how this complicated system contributes to processes such as learning, memory, disorientation, linguistic problems, and behavioral issues in the indicated chronic neurodegenerative disease. The present review reports recent updates in hybrid molecule design as a strategy for selectively addressing multiple target proteins involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the study of their therapeutic relevance. The rationale and the design of the bifunctional compounds will be discussed in order to understand their potential as tools to investigate the role of the cholinergic system in AD.
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12
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She X, Pegoli A, Mayr J, Hübner H, Bernhardt G, Gmeiner P, Keller M. Heterodimerization of Dibenzodiazepinone-Type Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Ligands Leads to Increased M 2R Affinity and Selectivity. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:6741-6754. [PMID: 30023530 PMCID: PMC6044897 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In search for selective ligands for the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (MR) subtype M2, the dimeric ligand approach, that is combining two pharmacophores in one and the same molecule, was pursued. Different types (agonists, antagonists, orthosteric, and allosteric) of monomeric MR ligands were combined by various linkers with a dibenzodiazepinone-type MR antagonist, affording five types of heterodimeric compounds ("DIBA-xanomeline," "DIBA-TBPB," "DIBA-77-LH-28-1," "DIBA-propantheline," and "DIBA-4-DAMP"), which showed high M2R affinities (pKi > 8.3). The heterodimeric ligand UR-SK75 (46) exhibited the highest M2R affinity and selectivity [pKi (M1R-M5R): 8.84, 10.14, 7.88, 8.59, and 7.47]. Two tritium-labeled dimeric derivatives ("DIBA-xanomeline"-type: [3H]UR-SK71 ([3H]44) and "DIBA-TBPB"-type: [3H]UR-SK59 ([3H]64)) were prepared to investigate their binding modes at hM2R. Saturation-binding experiments showed that these compounds address the orthosteric binding site of the M2R. The investigation of the effect of various allosteric MR modulators [gallamine (13), W84 (14), and LY2119620 (15)] on the equilibrium (13-15) or saturation (14) binding of [3H]64 suggested a competitive mechanism between [3H]64 and the investigated allosteric ligands, and consequently a dualsteric binding mode of 64 at the M2R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueke She
- Institute
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Pegoli
- Institute
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Judith Mayr
- Institute
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Harald Hübner
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich Alexander University, Schuhstr. 19, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Günther Bernhardt
- Institute
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Peter Gmeiner
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich Alexander University, Schuhstr. 19, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Max Keller
- Institute
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
- E-mail: . Phone: (+49)941-9433329.
Fax: (+49)941-9434820 (M.K.)
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Pegoli A, She X, Wifling D, Hübner H, Bernhardt G, Gmeiner P, Keller M. Radiolabeled Dibenzodiazepinone-Type Antagonists Give Evidence of Dualsteric Binding at the M2 Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor. J Med Chem 2017; 60:3314-3334. [PMID: 28388054 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pegoli
- Institute
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Xueke She
- Institute
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - David Wifling
- Institute
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Harald Hübner
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich Alexander University, Schuhstrasse 19, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Günther Bernhardt
- Institute
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Peter Gmeiner
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich Alexander University, Schuhstrasse 19, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Max Keller
- Institute
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
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