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Reid GA, Darvesh S. Interaction of exogenous acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase with amyloid-β plaques in human brain tissue. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 395:111012. [PMID: 38648920 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) are associated with amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and exhibit altered biochemical properties in human Alzheimer's disease (AD), as well as in the transgenic 5XFAD mouse model of AD amyloidosis. In the brains of the 5XFAD mouse model devoid of BChE enzyme (5XFAD/BChE-KO), incubation of tissue sections with exogenous BChE purified from human plasma (pl-BChE) leads to its association with Aβ plaques and its biochemical properties are comparable to those reported for endogenous BChE associated with plaques in both human AD and in 5XFAD mouse brain tissue. We sought to determine whether these observations in 5XFAD/BChE-KO mice also apply to human brain tissues. To do so, endogenous ChE activity in human AD brain tissue sections was quenched with 50 % aqueous acetonitrile (MeCNaq) leaving the tissue suitable for further studies. Quenched sections were then incubated with recombinant AChE (r-AChE) or pl-BChE and stained for each enzymes' activity. Exogenous r-AChE or pl-BChE became associated with Aβ plaques, and when bound, had properties that were comparable to the endogenous ChE enzymes associated with plaques in AD brain tissues without acetonitrile treatment. These findings in human AD brain tissue extend previous observations in the 5XFAD/BChE-KO mouse model and demonstrate that exogenously applied r-AChE and pl-BChE have high affinity for Aβ plaques in human brain tissues. This association alters the biochemical properties of these enzymes, most likely due a conformational change. If incorporation of AChE and BChE in Aβ plaques facilitates AD pathogenesis, blocking this association could lead to disease-modifying approaches to AD. This work provides a method to study the mechanism of AChE and BChE interaction with Aβ plaque pathology in post-mortem human brain tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Reid
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - S Darvesh
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Department of Medicine (Geriatric Medicine and Neurology), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
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Fujihira Y, Iwasaki H, Sumii Y, Adachi H, Kagawa T, Shibata N. Continuous-Flow Synthesis of Perfluoroalkyl Ketones via Perfluoroalkylation of Esters Using HFC-23 and HFC-125 under a KHMDS–Triglyme System. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20220162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yamato Fujihira
- Department of Engineering, Life Science and Applied Chemistry Program, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroto Iwasaki
- Department of Engineering, Life Science and Applied Chemistry Program, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Yuji Sumii
- Department of Engineering, Life Science and Applied Chemistry Program, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Adachi
- Tosoh Finechem Corporation, 4988, Kaiseicho, Shunan, 746-0006, Japan
| | - Takumi Kagawa
- Tosoh Finechem Corporation, 4988, Kaiseicho, Shunan, 746-0006, Japan
| | - Norio Shibata
- Department of Engineering, Life Science and Applied Chemistry Program, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
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Zueva I, Lenina O, Kayumova R, Petrov K, Masson P. Protective effects of m-(tert-butyl) trifluoroacetophenone, a transition state analogue of acetylcholine, against paraoxon toxicity and memory impairments. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 345:109558. [PMID: 34147486 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
m-(Tert-butyl) trifluoroacetophenone (TFK), a slow-binding inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), a transition state analog of acetylcholine, was investigated as a potential neuroprotectant of central and peripheral AChE against organophosphate paraoxon (POX) toxicity. Acute toxicity and pharmacological effects of TFK were investigated on mice and rats. Intraperitoneal administered TFK has low acute toxicity in mice (LD50 ≈ 19 mg/kg). Effects on motor function as investigated by rotarod and open field tests showed that TFK up to 5 mg/kg did not alter motor coordination and stereotypical exploration behavior of mice. Passive avoidance test showed that 1 or 5 mg/kg TFK restored memory impairment in scopolamine-induced Alzheimer's disease-like dementia in rats. Pretreatment of mice with 5 mg/kg TFK, 2-3 h before challenge by 2xLD50 POX provided a modest and short protection against POX toxicity. Futhermore, analysis of POX-induced neuronal degeneration by using fluoro-jade B staining showed that TFK pretreatment, at the dose 5 mg/kg before POX challenge, significantly reduced the density of apoptotic cells in hippocampus and entorhinal cortex of mice. Thus, TFK is capable of reducing POX-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Zueva
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Arbuzov Str., 8, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Oksana Lenina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Arbuzov Str., 8, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Ramilya Kayumova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Arbuzov Str., 8, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin Petrov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Arbuzov Str., 8, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation; Kazan Federal University, Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Kremlevskaya Str 18, Kazan, 480002, Russian Federation
| | - Patrick Masson
- Kazan Federal University, Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Kremlevskaya Str 18, Kazan, 480002, Russian Federation.
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Zueva IV, Lushchekina SV, Pottie IR, Darvesh S, Masson P. 1-(3- Tert-Butylphenyl)-2,2,2-Trifluoroethanone as a Potent Transition-State Analogue Slow-Binding Inhibitor of Human Acetylcholinesterase: Kinetic, MD and QM/MM Studies. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10121608. [PMID: 33260981 PMCID: PMC7760592 DOI: 10.3390/biom10121608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinetic studies and molecular modeling of human acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition by a fluorinated acetophenone derivative, 1-(3-tert-butylphenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanone (TFK), were performed. Fast reversible inhibition of AChE by TFK is of competitive type with Ki = 5.15 nM. However, steady state of inhibition is reached slowly. Kinetic analysis showed that TFK is a slow-binding inhibitor (SBI) of type B with Ki* = 0.53 nM. Reversible binding of TFK provides a long residence time, τ = 20 min, on AChE. After binding, TFK acylates the active serine, forming an hemiketal. Then, disruption of hemiketal (deacylation) is slow. AChE recovers full activity in approximately 40 min. Molecular docking and MD simulations depicted the different steps. It was shown that TFK binds first to the peripheral anionic site. Then, subsequent slow induced-fit step enlarged the gorge, allowing tight adjustment into the catalytic active site. Modeling of interactions between TFK and AChE active site by QM/MM showed that the “isomerization” step of enzyme-inhibitor complex leads to a complex similar to substrate tetrahedral intermediate, a so-called “transition state analog”, followed by a labile covalent intermediate. SBIs of AChE show prolonged pharmacological efficacy. Thus, this fluoroalkylketone intended for neuroimaging, could be of interest in palliative therapy of Alzheimer’s disease and protection of central AChE against organophosphorus compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V. Zueva
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center “Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Arbuzov str., 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia;
| | - Sofya V. Lushchekina
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin str. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Ian R. Pottie
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, NS B3M 2J6, Canada; (I.R.P.); (S.D.)
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary’s University, Halifax, NS B3M 2J6, Canada
| | - Sultan Darvesh
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, NS B3M 2J6, Canada; (I.R.P.); (S.D.)
- Department of Medicine (Neurology and Geriatric Medicine) & Medical Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Patrick Masson
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya str. 18, 480002 Kazan, Russia
- Correspondence:
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Lushchekina SV, Masson P. Slow-binding inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase of medical interest. Neuropharmacology 2020; 177:108236. [PMID: 32712274 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Certain ligands slowly bind to acetylcholinesterase. As a result, there is a slow establishment of enzyme-inhibitor equilibrium characterized by a slow onset of inhibition prior reaching steady state. Three mechanisms account for slow-binding inhibition: a) slow binding rate constant kon, b) slow ligand induced-fit following a fast binding step, c) slow conformational selection of an enzyme form. The slow equilibrium may be followed by a chemical step. This later that can be irreversible has been observed with certain alkylating agents and substrate transition state analogs. Slow-binding inhibitors present long residence times on target. This results in prolonged pharmacological or toxicological action. Through several well-known molecules (e.g. huperzine) and new examples (tocopherol, trifluoroacetophenone and a 6-methyluracil alkylammonium derivative), we show that slow-binding inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase are promising drugs for treatment of neurological diseases such as Alzheimer disease and myasthenia gravis. Moreover, they may be of interest for neuroprotection (prophylaxis) against organophosphorus poisoning. This article is part of the special issue entitled 'Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors: From Bench to Bedside to Battlefield'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofya V Lushchekina
- Laboratory of Computer Modeling of Biomolecular Systems and Nanomaterials, Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of RAS, 4 Kosygina St., Moscow, 119334, Russia.
| | - Patrick Masson
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya St., Kazan, 420008, Russia.
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