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Chander, Monika, Sharma PK, Ram S. Recent advances in triazole-benzenesulfonamide hybrids and their biological activities. Med Chem Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-023-03052-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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Henriquez-Figuereo A, Morán-Serradilla C, Angulo-Elizari E, Sanmartín C, Plano D. Small molecules containing chalcogen elements (S, Se, Te) as new warhead to fight neglected tropical diseases. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 246:115002. [PMID: 36493616 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.115002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) encompass a group of infectious diseases with a protozoan etiology, high incidence, and prevalence in developing countries. As a result, economic factors constitute one of the main obstacles to their management. Endemic countries have high levels of poverty, deprivation and marginalization which affect patients and limit their access to proper medical care. As a matter of fact, statistics remain uncollected in some affected areas due to non-reporting cases. World Health Organization and other organizations proposed a plan for the eradication and control of the vector, although many of these plans were halted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite of the available drugs to treat these pathologies, it exists a lack of effectiveness against several parasite strains. Treatment protocols for diseases such as American trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease), leishmaniasis, and human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) have not achieved the desired results. Unfortunately, these drugs present limitations such as side effects, toxicity, teratogenicity, renal, and hepatic impairment, as well as high costs that have hindered the control and eradication of these diseases. This review focuses on the analysis of a collection of scientific shreds of evidence with the aim of identifying novel chalcogen-derived molecules with biological activity against Chagas disease, leishmaniasis and HAT. Compounds illustrated in each figure share the distinction of containing at least one chalcogen element. Sulfur (S), selenium (Se), and tellurium (Te) have been grouped and analyzed in accordance with their design strategy, chemical synthesis process and biological activity. After an exhaustive revision of the related literature on S, Se, and Te compounds, 183 compounds presenting excellent biological performance were gathered against the different causative agents of CD, leishmaniasis and HAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreina Henriquez-Figuereo
- University of Navarra, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain; Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Cristina Morán-Serradilla
- University of Navarra, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Eduardo Angulo-Elizari
- University of Navarra, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carmen Sanmartín
- University of Navarra, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain; Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Daniel Plano
- University of Navarra, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain; Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
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Poncini CV, Benatar AF, Gomez KA, Rabinovich GA. Galectins in Chagas Disease: A Missing Link Between Trypanosoma cruzi Infection, Inflammation, and Tissue Damage. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:794765. [PMID: 35046919 PMCID: PMC8762303 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.794765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi, the protozoan parasite causative agent of Chagas disease, affects about seven million people worldwide, representing a major global public health concern with relevant socioeconomic consequences, particularly in developing countries. In this review, we discuss the multiple roles of galectins, a family of β-galactoside-binding proteins, in modulating both T. cruzi infection and immunoregulation. Specifically, we focus on galectin-driven circuits that link parasite invasion and inflammation and reprogram innate and adaptive immune responses. Understanding the dynamics of galectins and their β-galactoside-specific ligands during the pathogenesis of T. cruzi infection and elucidating their roles in immunoregulation, inflammation, and tissue damage offer new rational opportunities for treating this devastating neglected disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina V. Poncini
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Celular e Inmunopatología de Infecciones, Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Medica, Universidad de Buenos Aires-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro F. Benatar
- Servicio de Citometría de Flujo, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX), Academia Nacional de Medicina, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Karina A. Gomez
- Laboratorio de Biología e Inmunología de las Infecciones por Tripanosomátidos, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriel A. Rabinovich
- Laboratorio de Glicomedicina, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Yong C, Li Y, Bi T, Chen G, Zheng D, Wang Z, Zhang Y. Research Progress on the Synthesis and Activity of D-Galactose Derived Small Galectin Inhibitors. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202110036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Novel quaternary structures of the human prion protein globular domain. Biochimie 2021; 191:118-125. [PMID: 34517052 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Prion disease is caused by the misfolding of the cellular prion protein, PrPC, into a self-templating conformer, PrPSc. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and X-ray crystallography revealed the 3D structure of the globular domain of PrPC and the possibility of its dimerization via an interchain disulfide bridge that forms due to domain swap or by non-covalent association of two monomers. On the contrary, PrPSc is composed by a complex and heterogeneous ensemble of poorly defined conformations and quaternary arrangements that are related to different patterns of neurotoxicity. Targeting PrPC with molecules that stabilize the native conformation of its globular domain emerged as a promising approach to develop anti-prion therapies. One of the advantages of this approach is employing structure-based drug discovery methods to PrPC. Thus, it is essential to expand our structural knowledge about PrPC as much as possible to aid such drug discovery efforts. In this work, we report a crystallographic structure of the globular domain of human PrPC that shows a novel dimeric form and a novel oligomeric arrangement. We use molecular dynamics simulations to explore its structural dynamics and stability and discuss potential implications of these new quaternary structures to the conversion process.
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da S M Forezi L, Lima CGS, Amaral AAP, Ferreira PG, de Souza MCBV, Cunha AC, de C da Silva F, Ferreira VF. Bioactive 1,2,3-Triazoles: An Account on their Synthesis, Structural Diversity and Biological Applications. CHEM REC 2021; 21:2782-2807. [PMID: 33570242 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202000185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The triazole heterocycle is a privileged scaffold in medicinal chemistry, since its structure is present in a large number of biologically active molecules, including several drugs currently in the market. Due to their vast applications, a wide variety of methods are described for their preparation, such as the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition and processes involving diazo compounds and diazo transfer reactions. Considering the significant number of contributions from our research group to this chemistry in recent decades, in this account we discuss both the development of new methods for the synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles and the preparation of new triazole-functionalized biologically active molecules using classical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana da S M Forezi
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Campus do Valonguinho, 24020-150, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carolina G S Lima
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Campus do Valonguinho, 24020-150, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Adriane A P Amaral
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Campus do Valonguinho, 24020-150, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Patricia G Ferreira
- Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, R. Dr. Mario Vianna, 523 - Santa Rosa, 24241-000, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria Cecília B V de Souza
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Campus do Valonguinho, 24020-150, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Anna C Cunha
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Campus do Valonguinho, 24020-150, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fernando de C da Silva
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Campus do Valonguinho, 24020-150, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vitor F Ferreira
- Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, R. Dr. Mario Vianna, 523 - Santa Rosa, 24241-000, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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Rodríguez-Mayor AV, Peralta-Camacho GJ, Cárdenas-Martínez KJ, García-Castañeda JE. Development of Strategies for Glycopeptide Synthesis: An Overview on the Glycosidic Linkage. CURR ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272824999200701121037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Glycoproteins and glycopeptides are an interesting focus of research, because of
their potential use as therapeutic agents, since they are related to carbohydrate-carbohydrate,
carbohydrate-protein, and carbohydrate-lipid interactions, which are commonly involved in
biological processes. It has been established that natural glycoconjugates could be an important
source of templates for the design and development of molecules with therapeutic applications.
However, isolating large quantities of glycoconjugates from biological sources
with the required purity is extremely complex, because these molecules are found in heterogeneous
environments and in very low concentrations. As an alternative to solving this
problem, the chemical synthesis of glycoconjugates has been developed. In this context,
several methods for the synthesis of glycopeptides in solution and/or solid-phase have been
reported. In most of these methods, glycosylated amino acid derivatives are used as building
blocks for both solution and solid-phase synthesis. The synthetic viability of glycoconjugates is a critical parameter
for allowing their use as drugs to mitigate the impact of microbial resistance and/or cancer. However, the
chemical synthesis of glycoconjugates is a challenge, because these molecules possess multiple reaction sites and
have a very specific stereochemistry. Therefore, it is necessary to design and implement synthetic routes, which
may involve various protection schemes but can be stereoselective, environmentally friendly, and high-yielding.
This review focuses on glycopeptide synthesis by recapitulating the progress made over the last 15 years.
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Ayona D, Fournier PE, Henrissat B, Desnues B. Utilization of Galectins by Pathogens for Infection. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1877. [PMID: 32973776 PMCID: PMC7466766 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectins are glycan-binding proteins which are expressed by many different cell types and secreted extracellularly. These molecules are well-known regulators of immune responses and involved in a broad range of cellular and pathophysiological functions. During infections, host galectins can either avoid or facilitate infections by interacting with host cells- and/or pathogen-derived glycoconjugates and less commonly, with proteins. Some pathogens also express self-produced galectins to interfere with host immune responses. This review summarizes pathogens which take advantage of host- or pathogen-produced galectins to establish the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diyoly Ayona
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | | | - Bernard Henrissat
- Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- USC1408 Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Marseille, France
- Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Benoit Desnues
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
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Figueredo AS, de Andrade P, Riul TB, Marchiori MF, De Leo TC, Fleuri AKA, Schenkman S, Baruffi MD, Carvalho I. Galactosyl and sialyl clusters: synthesis and evaluation against T. cruzi parasite. PURE APPL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2019-0216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The multivalent effect of carbohydrates (glycoclusters) has been explored to study important biological targets and processes involving Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) infection. Likewise, CuAAC cycloaddition reactions (click chemistry) have been applied as useful strategy in the discovery of bioactive molecules. Hence, we describe the synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole-based tetravalent homoglycoclusters (1–3) and heteroglycoclusters (4 and 5) of d-galactopyranose (C-1 and C-6 positions) and sialic acid (C-2 position) to assess their potential to inhibit T. cruzi cell invasion and also its cell surface trans-sialidase (TcTS). The target compounds were synthesised in good yields (52–75 %) via click chemistry by coupling azidosugars galactopyranose and sialic acid with alkynylated pentaerythritol or tris(hydroxymethyl)-aminomethane (TRIS) scaffolds. T. cruzi cell invasion inhibition assays showed expressive low parasite infection index values (5.3–6.8) for most compounds. However, most glycoclusters proved to be weak TcTS inhibitors at 1 mM (<17 %), except the tetravalent sialic acid 3 (99 % at 1 mM, IC50 450 μM). Therefore, we assume that T. cruzi cell invasion blockage is not due to TcTS inhibition by itself, but rather by other mechanisms involved in this process. In addition, all glycoclusters were not cytotoxic and had significant trypanocidal activity upon parasite survival of amastigote forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreza S. Figueredo
- Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of São Paulo , Av. do Café s/n, Monte Alegre , Ribeirão Preto 14040-903 , Brazil
| | - Peterson de Andrade
- Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of São Paulo , Av. do Café s/n, Monte Alegre , Ribeirão Preto 14040-903 , Brazil
| | - Thalita B. Riul
- Pharmaceutical Sciences , Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences , University of São Paulo , Av. do Café s/n, Monte Alegre , Ribeirão Preto 14040-903 , Brazil
| | - Marcelo F. Marchiori
- Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of São Paulo , Av. do Café s/n, Monte Alegre , Ribeirão Preto 14040-903 , Brazil
| | - Thais Canassa De Leo
- Pharmaceutical Sciences , Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences , University of São Paulo , Av. do Café s/n, Monte Alegre , Ribeirão Preto 14040-903 , Brazil
| | - Anna Karoline A. Fleuri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences , Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences , University of São Paulo , Av. do Café s/n, Monte Alegre , Ribeirão Preto 14040-903 , Brazil
| | - Sérgio Schenkman
- Federal University of São Paulo, Microbiology, Imunology and Parasitology , Rua Pedro de Toledo 669 L6A , São Paulo 04039-032, SP , Brazil
| | - Marcelo D. Baruffi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences , Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences , University of São Paulo , Av. do Café s/n, Monte Alegre , Ribeirão Preto 14040-903 , Brazil
| | - Ivone Carvalho
- Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of São Paulo , Av. do Café s/n, Monte Alegre , Ribeirão Preto 14040-903 , Brazil , Tel.: +551633154709
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Marchiori MF, Iossi GP, Bortot LO, Dias-Baruffi M, Campo VL. Synthesis of novel triazole-derived glycopeptides as analogs of α-dystroglycan mucins. Carbohydr Res 2019; 472:23-32. [PMID: 30453095 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
α-Dystroglycan (α-DG) mucins are essential for maintenance of the structural and functional stability of the muscle fiber and, when hypoglycosylated, they are directly involved in pathological processes such as dystroglycanopathies. Thus, this work reports the synthesis of the novel 1,2,3-triazole-derived glycosyl amino acids αGlcNAc-1-O-triazol-2Manα-ThrOH (1) and Gal-β1,4-αGlcNAc-1-O-triazol-2Manα-ThrOH (2), followed by solid-phase assembly to get the corresponding glycopeptides NHAcThrVal[αGlcNAc-1-triazol-2Manα]ThrIleArgGlyOH (3) and NHAcThrVal[Gal-β1,4-αGlcNAc-1-triazol-2Manα]ThrIleArgGlyOH (4) as analogs of α-DG mucins. The glycosyl amino acids 1 (72%) and 2 (35%) were synthesized by Cu(I)-assisted 1,3-dipolar azide-alkyne cycloaddition reactions (CuAAC) between the azide-glycosyl amino acid αManN3-FmocThrOBn (5) and the corresponding alkyne-functionalyzed sugars 2'-propynyl-αGlcNAc (6) and 2'-propynyl-Gal-β1,4-αGlcNAc (7), followed by hydrogenation reactions. Subsequently, glycopeptides 3 (23%) and 4 (12%) were obtained by solid phase synthesis, involving sequential couplings of Fmoc-protected amino acids or the glycosyl amino acids 1 and 2, followed by cleavage from resin, N-acetylation and O-deacetylation (NaOMe) reactions. Lastly, enzymatic galactosylation of glycopeptide 3 with bovine β-1,4-GalT showed that it was not a substrate for this enzyme, which could be better elucidated by docking simulations with β-1,4-GalT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Fiori Marchiori
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto - USP, Av. do Café S/N, CEP 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Giulia Pompolo Iossi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto - USP, Av. do Café S/N, CEP 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Leandro Oliveira Bortot
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto - USP, Av. do Café S/N, CEP 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Dias-Baruffi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto - USP, Av. do Café S/N, CEP 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Leiria Campo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto - USP, Av. do Café S/N, CEP 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Barão de Mauá University Centre, 423 Ramos de Azevedo Street, Jardim Paulista, CEP 14090-180, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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