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Nhoek P, Ahn S, Pel P, Kim YM, Huh J, Kim HW, Noh M, Chin YW. Alkaloids and Coumarins with Adiponectin-Secretion-Promoting Activities from the Leaves of Orixa japonica. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 86:138-148. [PMID: 36529937 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Fractionation of a methanol extract of Orixa japonica leaves led to the identification of five new quinoline alkaloids (1, 2, 4, 8, and 9), three new coumarins (15, 17, and 19), and 20 known compounds. The structures were determined by analysis of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data. The absolute configuration of 19 was proposed by electronic circular dichroism calculation. Among the compounds tested in the phenotypic screening to measure adiponectin secretion in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, metabolites 4 and 12 stimulated adiponectin secretions with EC50 values of 13.8 and 25.8 μM, respectively. Further PPARγ binding assay and molecular modeling suggested that compounds 4 and 12 are selective PPARγ agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piseth Nhoek
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjin Ahn
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Pisey Pel
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Mi Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungmoo Huh
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Woo Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University-Seoul, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsoo Noh
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Won Chin
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Kim J, Ko H, Hur JS, An S, Lee JW, Deyrup ST, Noh M, Shim SH. Discovery of Pan-peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Modulators from an Endolichenic Fungus, Daldinia childiae. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:2804-2816. [PMID: 36475432 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Adiponectin-synthesis-promoting compounds possess therapeutic potential to treat diverse metabolic diseases, including obesity and diabetes. Phenotypic screening to find adiponectin-synthesis-promoting compounds was performed using the adipogenesis model of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The extract of the endolichenic fungus Daldinia childiae 047215 significantly promoted adiponectin production. Bioactivity-guided isolation led to 13 active polyketides (1-13), which include naphthol monomers, dimers, and trimers. To the best of our knowledge, trimers of naphthol (1-4) have not been previously isolated as either natural or synthetic products. The novel naphthol trimer 3,1',3',3″-ternaphthalene-5,5',5″-trimethoxy-4,4',4″-triol (2) and a dimer, nodulisporin A (12), exhibited concentration-dependent adiponectin-synthesis-promoting activity (EC50 30.8 and 15.2 μM, respectively). Compounds 2 and 12 bound to all three peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) subtypes, PPARα, PPARγ, and PPARδ. In addition, compound 2 transactivated retinoid X receptor α, whereas 12 did not. Naphthol oligomers 2 and 12 represent novel pan-PPAR modulators and are potential pharmacophores for designing new therapeutic agents against hypoadiponectinemia-associated metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaekyeong Kim
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Ko
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Seoun Hur
- Korean Lichen Research Institute, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungchan An
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul 01369, Republic of Korea
| | - Stephen T Deyrup
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Siena College, Londonville, New York 12211, United States
| | - Minsoo Noh
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hee Shim
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Discovery of PPARγ and glucocorticoid receptor dual agonists to promote the adiponectin and leptin biosynthesis in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 245:114927. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Development of Heterocyclic PPAR Ligands for Potential Therapeutic Applications. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14102139. [PMID: 36297575 PMCID: PMC9611956 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The family of nuclear peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARα, PPARβ/δ, and PPARγ) is a set of ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate different functions in the body. Whereas activation of PPARα is known to reduce the levels of circulating triglycerides and regulate energy homeostasis, the activation of PPARγ brings about insulin sensitization and increases the metabolism of glucose. On the other hand, PPARβ when activated increases the metabolism of fatty acids. Further, these PPARs have been claimed to be utilized in various metabolic, neurological, and inflammatory diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, fertility or reproduction, pain, and obesity. A series of different heterocyclic scaffolds have been synthesized and evaluated for their ability to act as PPAR agonists. This review is a compilation of efforts on the part of medicinal chemists around the world to find novel compounds that may act as PPAR ligands along with patents in regards to PPAR ligands. The structure-activity relationship, as well as docking studies, have been documented to better understand the mechanistic investigations of various compounds, which will eventually aid in the design and development of new PPAR ligands. From the results of the structural activity relationship through the pharmacological and in silico evaluation the potency of heterocycles as PPAR ligands can be described in terms of their hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions, and other interactions with PPAR.
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Su Y, Song W, He Q, Fan Y, Rao L, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Zhang CR. Two Novel Flavonoids and Cytotoxicity Evaluation from Cryptocarya yunnanensis. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200224. [PMID: 35567314 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Two new flavonoids, cryunchalcone (1) and cryptoyunnanone I (2), were isolated from the leaves and twigs of Cryptocarya yunnanensis. Their structures were elucidated by the detailed spectroscopic data analysis and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Cryunchalcone (1) is a biflavonoid constructed by a dihydrochalcone coupled with a chalcone through an unprecedented C-2''-C-6 linkage. Cryptoyunnanone I (2) is a unique complex flavanone bearing a phenylpropanoid moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Su
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Wanbin Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Qian He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Yue Fan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Li Rao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Yinan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Chuan-Rui Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, P. R. China
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Ko H, Jang H, An S, Park IG, Ahn S, Gong J, Hwang SY, Oh S, Kwak SY, Choi WJ, Kim H, Noh M. Galangin 3-benzyl-5-methylether derivatives function as an adiponectin synthesis-promoting peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ partial agonist. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 54:116564. [PMID: 34922307 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The upregulation of adiponectin production has been suggested as a novel strategy for the treatment of metabolic diseases. Galangin, a natural flavonoid, exhibited adiponectin synthesis-promoting activity during adipogenesis in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. In target identification, galangin bound both peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ and estrogen receptor (ER) β. Novel galangin derivatives were synthesized to improve adiponectin synthesis-promoting compounds by increasing the PPARγ activity of galangin and reducing its ERβ activity, because PPARγ functions can be inhibited by ERβ. Three galangin 3-benzyl-5-methylether derivatives significantly promoted adiponectin production by 2.88-, 4.47-, and 2.76-fold, respectively, compared to the effect of galangin. The most potent compound, galangin 3-benzyl-5,7-dimethylether, selectively bound to PPARγ (Ki, 1.7 μM), whereas it did not bind to ERβ. Galangin 3-benzyl-5,7-dimethylether was identified as a PPARγ partial agonist in docking and pharmacological competition studies, suggesting that it may have diverse therapeutic potential in a variety of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejin Ko
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongjun Jang
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, 206 World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungchan An
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - In Guk Park
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjin Ahn
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Junpyo Gong
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Young Hwang
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Oh
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Yeon Kwak
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, 206 World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jun Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32 Dongguk-ro, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoungsu Kim
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, 206 World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea.
| | - Minsoo Noh
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Ahn S, Jang DM, Park SC, An S, Shin J, Han BW, Noh M. Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5 Inhibitor Butyrolactone I Elicits a Partial Agonist Activity of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10020275. [PMID: 32054125 PMCID: PMC7072624 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin is an adipocyte-derived cytokine having an insulin-sensitizing activity. During the phenotypic screening of secondary metabolites derived from the marine fungus Aspergillus terreus, a poly cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor butyrolactone I affecting CDK1 and CDK5 was discovered as a potent adiponectin production-enhancing compound in the adipogenesis model of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs). CDK5 inhibitors exhibit insulin-sensitizing activities by suppressing the phosphorylation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ). However, the adiponectin production-enhancing activities of butyrolactone I have not been correlated with the potency of CDK5 inhibitor activities. In a target identification study, butyrolactone I was found to directly bind to PPARγ. In the crystal structure of the human PPARγ, the ligand-binding domain (LBD) in complex with butyrolactone I interacted with the amino acid residues located in the hydrophobic binding pockets of the PPARγ LBD, which is a typical binding mode of the PPARγ partial agonists. Therefore, the adiponectin production-enhancing effect of butyrolactone I was mediated by its polypharmacological dual modulator activities as both a CDK5 inhibitor and a PPARγ partial agonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjin Ahn
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.A.); (S.C.P.); (J.S.)
| | - Dong Man Jang
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Sung Chul Park
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.A.); (S.C.P.); (J.S.)
| | - Seungchan An
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.A.); (S.C.P.); (J.S.)
| | - Jongheon Shin
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.A.); (S.C.P.); (J.S.)
| | - Byung Woo Han
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea;
- Correspondence: (M.N); (B.W.H); Tel.: +82-2-880-7898 (B.W.H.); +82-2-880-2481 (M.N.)
| | - Minsoo Noh
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.A.); (S.C.P.); (J.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.N); (B.W.H); Tel.: +82-2-880-7898 (B.W.H.); +82-2-880-2481 (M.N.)
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Ahn S, Basavana Gowda M, Lee M, Masagalli JN, Mailar K, Choi WJ, Noh M. Novel linked butanolide dimer compounds increase adiponectin production during adipogenesis in human mesenchymal stem cells through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ modulation. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 187:111969. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Effects of Propolis Extract and Propolis-Derived Compounds on Obesity and Diabetes: Knowledge from Cellular and Animal Models. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234394. [PMID: 31805752 PMCID: PMC6930477 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Propolis is a natural product resulting from the mixing of bee secretions with botanical exudates. Since propolis is rich in flavonoids and cinnamic acid derivatives, the application of propolis extracts has been tried in therapies against cancer, inflammation, and metabolic diseases. As metabolic diseases develop relatively slowly in patients, the therapeutic effects of propolis in humans should be evaluated over long periods of time. Moreover, several factors such as medical history, genetic inheritance, and living environment should be taken into consideration in human studies. Animal models, especially mice and rats, have some advantages, as genetic and microbiological variables can be controlled. On the other hand, cellular models allow the investigation of detailed molecular events evoked by propolis and derivative compounds. Taking advantage of animal and cellular models, accumulating evidence suggests that propolis extracts have therapeutic effects on obesity by controlling adipogenesis, adipokine secretion, food intake, and energy expenditure. Studies in animal and cellular models have also indicated that propolis modulates oxidative stress, the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and adipose tissue inflammation, all of which contribute to insulin resistance or defects in insulin secretion. Consequently, propolis treatment may mitigate diabetic complications such as nephropathy, retinopathy, foot ulcers, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. This review describes the beneficial effects of propolis on metabolic disorders.
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