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Cao X, Zhang N, Chen H, Wang W, Liang Y, Zhang J, Liu R, Li S, Yao Y, Jin Q, Guo Z, Chen Y, Gong Y, Li X, Zao X, Ye Y. Exploring the mechanism of JiGuCao capsule formula on treating hepatitis B virus infection via network pharmacology analysis and in vivo/vitro experiment verification. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1159094. [PMID: 37361218 PMCID: PMC10285482 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1159094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The JiGuCao capsule formula (JCF) has demonstrated promising curative effects in treating chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in clinical trials. Here, we aimed to investigate JCF's function and mechanism in diseases related to the hepatitis B virus (HBV). We used mass spectrometry (MS) to identify the active metabolites of JCF and established the HBV replication mouse model by hydrodynamically injecting HBV replication plasmids into the mice's tail vein. Liposomes were used to transfect the plasmids into the cells. The CCK-8 kit identified cell viability. We detected the levels of HBV s antigen (HBsAg) and HBV e antigen (HBeAg) by the quantitative determination kits. qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the genes' expression. The key pathways and key genes related to JCF on CHB treatment were obtained by network pharmacological analysis. Our results showed that JCF accelerated the elimination of HBsAg in mice. JCF and its medicated serum inhibited HBV replication and proliferation of HBV-replicating hepatoma cells in vitro. And the key targets of JCF in treating CHB were CASP3, CXCL8, EGFR, HSPA8, IL6, MDM2, MMP9, NR3C1, PTGS2, and VEGFA. Furthermore, these key targets were related to pathways in cancer, hepatitis B, microRNAs in cancer, PI3K-Akt signaling, and proteoglycans in cancer pathways. Finally, Cholic Acid, Deoxycholic Acid, and 3', 4', 7-Trihydroxyflavone were the main active metabolites of JCF that we obtained. JCF employed its active metabolites to perform an anti-HBV effect and prevent the development of HBV-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Cao
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Liver Diseases Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ningyi Zhang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hening Chen
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Sun Simiao Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Tongchuan, China
| | - Yijun Liang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Liver Diseases Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ruijia Liu
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Li
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhao Yao
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Jin
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ziwei Guo
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Gong
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoke Li
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Liver Diseases Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobin Zao
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yong’an Ye
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Liver Diseases Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Design, Synthesis and Bioactive Evaluation of Oxime Derivatives of Dehydrocholic Acid as Anti-Hepatitis B Virus Agents. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25153359. [PMID: 32722086 PMCID: PMC7435646 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxime derivatives of dehydrocholic acid and its esters were designed for anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) drugs according to principles of assembling active chemical fragments. Twelve compounds were synthesized from dehydrocholic acid by esterification and oxime formation, and their anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) activities were evaluated with HepG 2.2.15 cells. Results showed that 5 compounds exhibited more effective inhibition of HBeAg than positive control, among them 2b-3 and 2b-1 showed significant anti-HBV activities on inhibiting secretion of HBeAg (IC50 (2b-3) = 49.39 ± 12.78 μM, SI (2b-3) = 11.03; IC50 (2b-1) = 96.64 ± 28.99 μM, SI (2b-1) = 10.35) compared to the Entecavir (IC50 = 161.24 μM, SI = 3.72). Molecular docking studies showed that most of these compounds interacted with protein residues of heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) in host hepatocyte and bile acid receptor.
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