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Abramchuk D, Voskresenskaya A, Kuzmichev I, Erofeev A, Gorelkin P, Abakumov M, Beloglazkina E, Krasnovskaya O. BODIPY in Alzheimer's disease diagnostics: A review. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 276:116682. [PMID: 39053190 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Timely diagnosis and therapy of Alzheimer's disease remains one of the greatest questions in medicinal chemistry of neurodegenerative disease. The lack of low-cost sensors capable of reliable detection of structural changes in AD-related proteins is the driving factor for the development of novel molecules with affinity for AD hallmarks. The development of cheap, safe diagnostic methods is a highly sought-after area of research. Optical fluorescent probes are of great interest due to their non-radioactivity, low cost, and ability of the real-time visualization of AD hallmarks. Boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY)-based fluorophore is one promising fluorescent unit for in vivo labeling due to its high photostability, easy modification, low toxicity, and cell-permeability. In recent years, many fluorescent BODIPY-based probes capable of Aβ plaque, Aβ soluble oligomers, neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) optical detection, as well as probes with copper ion chelating units and viscosity sensors have been developed. In this review, we summarized BODIPY derivatives as fluorescent sensors capable of detecting pathological features of Alzheimer's disease, published from 2009 to 2023, as well as their design strategies, optical properties, and in vitro and in vivo activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniil Abramchuk
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1,3, 119991, Moscow, Russia; Department of Materials Science of Semiconductors and Dielectrics, National University of Science and Technology (MISIS), Leninskiy prospect 4, 101000, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alevtina Voskresenskaya
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1,3, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ilia Kuzmichev
- V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology, Kropotkinsky per. 23, 119034, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Erofeev
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1,3, 119991, Moscow, Russia; Department of Materials Science of Semiconductors and Dielectrics, National University of Science and Technology (MISIS), Leninskiy prospect 4, 101000, Moscow, Russia
| | - Peter Gorelkin
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1,3, 119991, Moscow, Russia; Department of Materials Science of Semiconductors and Dielectrics, National University of Science and Technology (MISIS), Leninskiy prospect 4, 101000, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim Abakumov
- Department of Materials Science of Semiconductors and Dielectrics, National University of Science and Technology (MISIS), Leninskiy prospect 4, 101000, Moscow, Russia; Department of Medical Nanobiotechnology, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ostrovityanova str., 1, 6, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Beloglazkina
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1,3, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Krasnovskaya
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1,3, 119991, Moscow, Russia; Department of Materials Science of Semiconductors and Dielectrics, National University of Science and Technology (MISIS), Leninskiy prospect 4, 101000, Moscow, Russia.
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Liu B, Li X, Liu Z, He B, Xu H, Cao J, Zeng F, Feng H, Ren Y, Li H, Wang T, Li J, Ye Y, Zhao L, Ran C, Li Y. Iterative Design of Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probes for Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease by Targeting Aβ Oligomers. J Med Chem 2024; 67:9104-9123. [PMID: 38829030 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Amyloid-β oligomers (AβOs), crucial toxic proteins in early Alzheimer's disease (AD), precede the formation of Aβ plaques and cognitive impairment. In this context, we present our iterative process for developing novel near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) probes specifically targeting AβOs, aimed at early AD diagnosis. An initial screening identified compound 18 as being highly selective for AβOs. Subsequent analysis revealed that compound 20 improved serum stability while retaining affinity for AβOs. The most promising iteration, compound 37, demonstrated exceptional qualities: a high affinity for AβOs, emission in the near-infrared region, and good biocompatibility. Significantly, ex vivo double staining indicated that compound 37 detected AβOs in AD mouse brain and in vivo imaging experiments showed that compound 37 could differentiate between 4-month-old AD mice and age-matched wild-type mice. Therefore, compound 37 has emerged as a valuable NIRF probe for early detection of AD and a useful tool in exploring AD's pathological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design & Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design & Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengyang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design & Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bing He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design & Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hanyue Xu
- Nanjing Foreign Language School, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianqin Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design & Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fantian Zeng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design & Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haiwei Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design & Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanwei Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design & Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haoyu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design & Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design & Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia Li
- Pathology and PDX Efficacy Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuting Ye
- Pathology and PDX Efficacy Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chongzhao Ran
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Yuyan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design & Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, Jiangsu, China
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Nagashima K, Watanabe H, Akasaka T, Ono M. Development of Triphenylmethane Dyes for In Vivo Fluorescence Imaging of Aβ Oligomers. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:2233-2242. [PMID: 38753435 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Detection of amyloid β (Aβ) oligomers, regarded as the most toxic aggregated forms of Aβ, can contribute to the diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Thus, the development of imaging probes for in vivo visualization of Aβ oligomers is crucial. However, the structural uncertainty regarding Aβ oligomers makes it difficult to design imaging probes with high sensitivity to Aβ oligomers against highly aggregated Aβ fibrils. In this study, we developed Aβ oligomer-selective fluorescent probes based on triphenylmethane dyes through screening of commercially available compounds followed by structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies on cyclic or acyclic 4-dialkylamino groups. We synthesized 11 triarylmethane-based Aβ oligomer probe (TAMAOP) derivatives. In vitro evaluation of fluorescence properties, TAMAOP-9, which had bulky 4-diisobutylamino groups introduced into three benzenes of a twisted triphenylmethane backbone, showed marked fluorescence enhancement in the presence of Aβ oligomers and demonstrated high selectivity for Aβ oligomers against Aβ fibrils. In docking studies using the Aβ trimer model, TAMAOP-9 bound to the hydrophobic surface and interacted with the side chain of Phe20. In vitro section staining revealed that TAMAOP-9 could visualize Aβ oligomers in the brains of AD model mice. An in vivo fluorescence imaging study using TAMAOP-9 showed significantly higher fluorescence signals from the brains of AD model mice than those of age-matched wild-type mice, confirmed by ex vivo section observation. These results suggest that TAMAOP-9 is a promising Aβ oligomer-targeting fluorescent probe applicable to in vivo imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Nagashima
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Watanabe
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Takahiro Akasaka
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ono
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Sun A, Sun H, Anwar G, Lu X, Yan J. A conformationally-locked p-hydroxybenzylidene imidazolinone derivative for detecting Aβ 42 aggregation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 98:129576. [PMID: 38061401 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common type of neurodegenerative disease, which can only be symptomatically relieved but does not yet have a cure. Among the different Aβ species, amyloid-β 42 (Aβ42) aggregates are proposed to be more neurotoxic than that of Aβ40, and oligomeric Aβ42 is thought to play a harmful role in the pathophysiology of AD. Therefore, the detection of Aβ42 aggregation is very meaningful in the AD field. We herein report a conformationally-locked p- hydroxybenzylidene imidazolinone derivative, BDI, which exhibits selectivity and specificity towards Aβ42 aggregation and remarkable fluorescent enhancement with a large Stokes shift (more than 100 nm). In the fluorescent co-localization study, BDI can sensitively detect a large population of Aβ42 aggregation over that of Aβ40 in the brain tissues of AD transgenic mouse models. Therefore, this new probe could provide a useful tool for the rapid detection of important Aβ species in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anyang Sun
- Laboratory of Neurogenerative Diseases & Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China.
| | - Han Sun
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Gulziba Anwar
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiuhong Lu
- Laboratory of Neurogenerative Diseases & Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Jinwu Yan
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Naganuma F, Murata D, Inoue M, Maehori Y, Harada R, Furumoto S, Kudo Y, Nakamura T, Okamura N. A Novel Near-Infrared Fluorescence Probe THK-565 Enables In Vivo Detection of Amyloid Deposits in Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model. Mol Imaging Biol 2023; 25:1115-1124. [PMID: 37580462 PMCID: PMC10728248 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-023-01843-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Noninvasive imaging of protein aggregates in the brain is critical for the early diagnosis, disease monitoring, and evaluation of the effectiveness of novel therapies for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging with specific probes is a promising technique for the in vivo detection of protein deposits without radiation exposure. Comprehensive screening of fluorescent compounds identified a novel compound, THK-565, for the in vivo imaging of amyloid-β (Aβ) deposits in the mouse brain. This study assessed whether THK-565 could detect amyloid-β deposits in vivo in the AD mouse model. PROCEDURES The fluorescent properties of THK-565 were evaluated in the presence and absence of Aβ fibrils. APP knock-in (APP-KI) mice were used as an animal model of AD. In vivo NIRF images were acquired after the intravenous administration of THK-565 and THK-265 in mice. The binding selectivity of THK-565 to Aβ was evaluated using brain slices obtained from these mouse models. RESULTS The fluorescence intensity of the THK-565 solution substantially increased by mixing with Aβ fibrils. The maximum emission wavelength of the complex of THK-565 and Aβ fibrils was 704 nm, which was within the optical window range. THK-565 selectively bound to amyloid deposits in brain sections of APP-KI mice After the intravenous administration of THK-565, the fluorescence signal in the head of APP-KI mice was significantly higher than that of wild-type mice and higher than that after administration of THK-265. Ex vivo analysis confirmed that the THK-565 signal corresponded to Aβ immunostaining in the brain sections of these mice. CONCLUSIONS A novel NIRF probe, THK-565, enabled the in vivo detection of Aβ deposits in the brains of the AD mouse model, suggesting that NIRF imaging with THK-565 could non-invasively assess disease-specific pathology in AD.
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Grants
- 22KK0123 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan
- 18H02771 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan
- 16K15570 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan
- Sumitomo Electric Industries
- Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program of Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumito Naganuma
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 1-15-1 Fukumuro, Miyagino-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 983-8536, Japan
| | - Daiki Murata
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 1-15-1 Fukumuro, Miyagino-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 983-8536, Japan
| | - Marie Inoue
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 1-15-1 Fukumuro, Miyagino-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 983-8536, Japan
| | - Yuri Maehori
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 1-15-1 Fukumuro, Miyagino-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 983-8536, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Harada
- Department of Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Shozo Furumoto
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yukitsuka Kudo
- Department of Aging Research and Geriatrics Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Tadaho Nakamura
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 1-15-1 Fukumuro, Miyagino-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 983-8536, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Okamura
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 1-15-1 Fukumuro, Miyagino-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 983-8536, Japan.
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Akasaka T, Watanabe H, Ono M. In Vivo Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging Selective for Soluble Amyloid β Aggregates Using y-Shaped BODIPY Derivative. J Med Chem 2023; 66:14029-14046. [PMID: 37824378 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Soluble amyloid β (Aβ) aggregates, suggested to be the most toxic forms of Aβ, draw attention as therapeutic targets and biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD). As soluble Aβ aggregates are transient and diverse, imaging their diverse forms in vivo is expected to have a marked impact on research and diagnosis of AD. Herein, we report a near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) probe, BAOP-16, targeting diverse soluble Aβ aggregates. BAOP-16, whose molecular shape resembles "y", showed a marked selective increase in fluorescence intensity upon binding to soluble Aβ aggregates in the near-infrared region and a high binding affinity for them. Additionally, BAOP-16 could detect Aβ oligomers in the brains of Aβ-inoculated model mice. In an in vivo fluorescence imaging study of BAOP-16, brains of AD model mice displayed significantly higher fluorescence signals than those of wild-type mice. These results indicate that BAOP-16 could be useful for the in vivo NIRF imaging of diverse soluble Aβ aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Akasaka
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Watanabe
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ono
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Li L, Xiang F, Yao L, Zhang C, Jia X, Chen A, Liu Y. Synthesis and evaluation of curcumin-based near-infrared fluorescent probes for detection of amyloid β peptide in Alzheimer mouse models. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 92:117410. [PMID: 37506558 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The abnormal accumulation of amyloid β protein (Aβ) is one of the most important causes of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and is usually a detecting biomarker. Curcumin and its derivatives have potential Aβ aggregate targeting ability; we synthesized a series of curcumin-based near-infrared fluorescence probes in this study. By characterizing the excitation wavelength and emission wavelength, the imaging characteristics of the investigation in the near-infrared light region were determined; with an increase in the concentration of the probe compounds, the fluorescence intensity showed an upward trend, demonstrating ideal optical characteristics. In vivo, imaging results showed that the synthesized probe compounds could penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and specifically bind to Aβ in the brain of APP/PS1 mice. Especially for compound 3b, the maximum emission wavelength was around 667 nm, and the fluorescence signal intensity in the brain of the APP/PS1 mice model was more than twice that of the wild control group at 120 min after administration, which could display Aβ pathological changes. The fluorescent probes designed in this study can become an effective tool for early AD diagnosis and visual detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, People's Republic of China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of New Drug Research & Development, Shenyang 110036, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengting Xiang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, People's Republic of China
| | - Luyang Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, People's Republic of China
| | - Xirong Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, People's Republic of China
| | - Anqi Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, People's Republic of China; Liaoning University, Judicial Expertise Center, Shenyang 110036, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Yang H, Zeng F, Luo Y, Zheng C, Ran C, Yang J. Curcumin Scaffold as a Multifunctional Tool for Alzheimer's Disease Research. Molecules 2022; 27:3879. [PMID: 35745002 PMCID: PMC9227459 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders, which is caused by multi-factors and characterized by two histopathological hallmarks: amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles of Tau proteins. Thus, researchers have been devoting tremendous efforts to developing and designing new molecules for the early diagnosis of AD and curative purposes. Curcumin and its scaffold have fluorescent and photochemical properties. Mounting evidence showed that curcumin scaffold had neuroprotective effects on AD such as anti-amyloidogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and metal chelating. In this review, we summarized different curcumin derivatives and analyzed the in vitro and in vivo results in order to exhibit the applications in AD diagnosis, therapeutic monitoring and therapy. The analysis results showed that, although curcumin and its analogues have some disadvantages such as short wavelength and low bioavailability, these shortcomings can be conquered by modifying the structures. Curcumin scaffold still has the potential to be a multifunctional tool for AD research, including AD diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Yang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (H.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Fantian Zeng
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China;
| | - Yunchun Luo
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (H.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Chao Zheng
- PET Center, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA;
| | - Chongzhao Ran
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Jian Yang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (H.Y.); (Y.L.)
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9
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Su D, Diao W, Li J, Pan L, Zhang X, Wu X, Mao W. Strategic Design of Amyloid-β Species Fluorescent Probes for Alzheimer's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:540-551. [PMID: 35132849 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a high mortality and high disability rates neurodegenerative disease characterized by irreversible progression and poses a significant social and economic burden throughout the world. However, currently approved AD therapeutic agents only alleviate symptoms and there is still a lack of practical therapeutic regimens to stop or slow the progression of this disease. Thus, there is urgently needed novel diagnosis tools and drugs for early diagnosis and treatment of AD. Among several AD pathological hallmarks, amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide deposition is considered a critical initiating factor in AD. In recent years, with the advantages of excellent sensitivity and high resolution, near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging has attracted the attention of many researchers to develop Aβ plaque probes. This review mainly focused on different NIRF probe design strategies for imaging Aβ species to pave the way for the future design of novel NIRF probes for early diagnosis AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dunyan Su
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei Diao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lili Pan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Laboratory of Clinical Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaoai Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Laboratory of Clinical Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wuyu Mao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610093, P. R. China
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10
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Han HH, Tian H, Zang Y, Sedgwick AC, Li J, Sessler JL, He XP, James TD. Small-molecule fluorescence-based probes for interrogating major organ diseases. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:9391-9429. [PMID: 34232230 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01183e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chemical tools that allow the real-time monitoring of organ function and the visualisation of organ-related processes at the cellular level are of great importance in biological research. The upregulation/downregulation of specific biomarkers is often associated with the development of organ related diseases. Small-molecule fluorescent probes have the potential to create advances in our understanding of these disorders. Viable probes should be endowed with a number of key features that include high biomarker sensitivity, low limit of detection, fast response times and appropriate in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility. In this tutorial review, we discuss the development of probes that allow the targeting of organ related processes in vitro and in vivo. We highlight the design strategy that underlies the preparation of various promising probes, their optical response to key biomarkers, and proof-of-concept biological studies. The inherent drawbacks and limitations are discussed as are the current challenges and opportunities in the field. The hope is that this tutorial review will inspire the further development of small-molecule fluorescent probes that could aid the study of pathogenic conditions that contribute to organ-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Hao Han
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Rd, Shanghai 200237, China.
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11
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Kulenkampff K, Wolf Perez AM, Sormanni P, Habchi J, Vendruscolo M. Quantifying misfolded protein oligomers as drug targets and biomarkers in Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases. Nat Rev Chem 2021; 5:277-294. [PMID: 37117282 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-021-00254-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Protein misfolding and aggregation are characteristic of a wide range of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases. A hallmark of these diseases is the aggregation of otherwise soluble and functional proteins into amyloid aggregates. Although for many decades such amyloid deposits have been thought to be responsible for disease progression, it is now increasingly recognized that the misfolded protein oligomers formed during aggregation are, instead, the main agents causing pathological processes. These oligomers are transient and heterogeneous, which makes it difficult to detect and quantify them, generating confusion about their exact role in disease. The lack of suitable methods to address these challenges has hampered efforts to investigate the molecular mechanisms of oligomer toxicity and to develop oligomer-based diagnostic and therapeutic tools to combat protein misfolding diseases. In this Review, we describe methods to quantify misfolded protein oligomers, with particular emphasis on diagnostic applications as disease biomarkers and on therapeutic applications as target biomarkers. The development of these methods is ongoing, and we discuss the challenges that remain to be addressed to establish measurement tools capable of overcoming existing limitations and to meet present needs.
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Li J, Hou X, Bai J, Zhou Y, Chen C, Yang X, Fang H. Synthesis and evaluation of a UMI-77-based fluorescent probe for selective detecting Mcl-1 protein and imaging in living cancer cells. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 29:115850. [PMID: 33229135 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Development of efficient fluorescent probes for detecting the overexpressed Mcl-1 protein in living cells is imperative for the diagnosis and treatment of cancers. In this paper, a new UMI-77 based fluorescent probe (DNSH), was synthesized and characterized. DNSH bound to the hydrophobic pockets of Mcl-1 protein tightly and the binding affinity was 20-fold higher than that of previous developed Mcl-1 probe. DNSH exhibited specific fluorescence response to Mcl-1 protein rather than other proteins. In the presence of Mcl-1 protein, fluorescence emission of DNSH can be switched on. Furthermore, fluorescence colocalization experiment demonstrated that DNSH can be successfully used for imaging mitochondrial Mcl-1 protein in human prostate cancer cells without a washing process. These results showed that DNSH may find useful applications in biological research such as tracking Mcl-1 protein in living biological specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xuben Hou
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Jinzhuo Bai
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Chen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xinying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Hao Fang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, PR China
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