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Lang XX, Sun SH, Cao HW, Chen YS, Li HY, Wang MQ. An environmentally insensitive fluorescent probe for G4 DNA detection: Design, synthesis, and mechanism studies. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1252:341074. [PMID: 36935132 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
G4 DNA structure highly localized to functionally important sites within the human genome, has been identified as a biomarker for regulation of multiple biological processes. Identification G4-responsive fluorescence probes has broad application prospects for addressing G4 biological functions, as well as developing of new families of anticancer drugs. However, some currently designed G4 DNA probes may suffer from serious solvent-dependent effect, and cause unspecific fluorescence that masks the specific signal from G4 DNA. Herein, with a bulky imidazole-cored molecular rotor fusing in D-A building block of carbazole-pyridinium, we constructed a new probe ACPS. This new probe with desirable environmentally insensitive property exhibited a "fluorescence-off" state in various polarity solvents. In the presence of G4 DNA, the intra-molecular rotations would be restricted, triggering intense fluorescence enhancement. Especially, probe ACPS bound to G4 DNA structures with superior selectivity, exhibiting much weaker fluorescence response in the presence of non-G4 DNA structures. This probe was also able to realize fluorescence visualization in cell imaging. Collectively, the probe design strategy eliminates the background fluorescence caused by uncontrollable environmental polarity change, thereby achieving high-fidelity sensing G4 DNA structures in complicated systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Xian Lang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Shu-Hui Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Hao-Wen Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Yan-Song Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Hong-Yao Li
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Ming-Qi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China.
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2
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Wang M, Zhang F, Luo Y, Shuo L, Wang MQ. DPA-Substituted Carbazole Derivative as a Fluorescent Ligand for G4 DNA. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200061. [PMID: 35762741 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Herein a conjugated dipicolylamine/carbazole (Car-DPA) molecule was designed and synthesized to enhance the performance for the application as a G4 fluorescent ligand. This ligand has been found to display distinct and specific fluorescence enhancements in the presence of various G4 DNA structures, but limited with ssDNA or dsDNAs. The detail binding characteristics of the ligand with c-MYC G4 DNA were investigated by fluorescence, UV/VIS absorption, CD spectroscopy, and molecular docking. The present study demonstrated that Car-DPA bound to c-MYC G4s with a two-step complex formation, in which the binding mode appeared to be end-stacking. Confocal fluorescence images indicated that ligand Car-DPA could locate in nucleus, which is quite prominent from the cellular internalization studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wang
- College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Shandong Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Dongying, 257001, P. R. China
| | - Feng Zhang
- College of Mechanic and Electronic Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, P. R. China.,Shengli Oil Field Petroleum Engineering Technology Research Institute Sinopec, Dongying, 257000, P. R. China
| | - Yang Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China
| | - Li Shuo
- School of Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Qi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China
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Kang Y, Wei C. Crescent‐shaped carbazole derivatives as light‐up fluorescence probes for G‐quadruplex DNA and live cell imaging. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202101030. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202101030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Kang
- Shanxi University Institute of Molecular Science 92 Wucheng Road Taiyuan CHINA
| | - Chunying Wei
- Shanxi University Institute of Molecular Science No.92 Road Wucheng 030006 Taiyuan CHINA
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Müller D, Saha P, Panda D, Dash J, Schwalbe H. Insights from Binding on Quadruplex Selective Carbazole Ligands. Chemistry 2021; 27:12726-12736. [PMID: 34138492 PMCID: PMC8518889 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Polymorphic G-quadruplex (G4) secondary DNA structures have received increasing attention in medicinal chemistry owing to their key involvement in the regulation of the maintenance of genomic stability, telomere length homeostasis and transcription of important proto-oncogenes. Different classes of G4 ligands have been developed for the potential treatment of several human diseases. Among them, the carbazole scaffold with appropriate side chain appendages has attracted much interest for designing G4 ligands. Because of its large and rigid π-conjugation system and ease of functionalization at three different positions, a variety of carbazole derivatives have been synthesized from various natural or synthetic sources for potential applications in G4-based therapeutics and biosensors. Herein, we provide an updated close-up of the literatures on carbazole-based G4 ligands with particular focus given on their detailed binding insights studied by NMR spectroscopy. The structure-activity relationships and the opportunities and challenges of their potential applications as biosensors and therapeutics are also discussed. This review will provide an overall picture of carbazole ligands with remarkable G4 topological preference, fluorescence properties and significant bioactivity; portraying carbazole as a very promising scaffold for assembling G4 ligands with a range of novel functional applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Müller
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Chemical BiologyCenter for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ)Goethe University FrankfurtMax-von-Laue Strasse 7Frankfurt am Main60438Germany
| | - Puja Saha
- School of Chemical SciencesIndian Association for the Cultivation of ScienceJadavpurKolkata-700032India
| | - Deepanjan Panda
- School of Chemical SciencesIndian Association for the Cultivation of ScienceJadavpurKolkata-700032India
| | - Jyotirmayee Dash
- School of Chemical SciencesIndian Association for the Cultivation of ScienceJadavpurKolkata-700032India
| | - Harald Schwalbe
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Chemical BiologyCenter for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ)Goethe University FrankfurtMax-von-Laue Strasse 7Frankfurt am Main60438Germany
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Pan J, Ma J, Liu L, Li D, Huo Y, Liu H. A novel carbazole-based highly sensitive and selective turn-on fluorescent probe for mercury (II) ions in aqueous THF. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Gao JJ, Lang XX, Yu QQ, Li HY, Wang HJ, Wang MQ. Amphiphilic BODIPY-based nanoparticles as "light-up" fluorescent probe for PAEs detection by an aggregation/disaggregation approach. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 252:119492. [PMID: 33517216 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Phthalic acid eaters (PAEs) play the role of plasticizer and have been widely used in the industrial and plastic production process. But due to not chemically bound in the polymeric matrix, PAEs can be easily released directly and/or indirectly into the environment, and pose a threat the ecosystem and human health. Small-molecule self-assembled nanoparticles have drawn more and more attention due to advantages of precise molecular structure, biocompatibility, great diversity, and tunability in optical properties and functionalities. Here we report the use of disaggregation-induced emission (DIE) based supramolecular assembly to design organic nanoprobe for detection PAEs. In the water solution, the designed small organic fluorophore AJ-1 was aggregated via noncovalent forces to form fluorescence off nanoparticles, but in the presence of PAEs, they disaggregated and produced a clear light-up fluorescent signal. The detection of PAEs with selectivity, sensitivity and rapid response were further achieved. The experiment of recovery of PAEs in real-water sample illustrated the practicability of probe AJ-1 in real-world applications. Besides, cellular uptake assay suggested that AJ-1 could pass through membrane and gather in the cytoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan-Juan Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xue-Xian Lang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Quan-Qi Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hong-Yao Li
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hai-Jiao Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material, School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Ming-Qi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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NDI-induced Topological Conversion of Human Telomeric G-Quadruplexes from Hybrid-2 to Parallel Form. Chem Res Chin Univ 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-021-1022-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Yu QQ, Gao JJ, Lang XX, Li HY, Wang MQ. Microenvironment-Sensitive Fluorescent Ligand Binds Ascaris Telomere Antiparallel G-Quadruplex DNA with Blue-Shift and Enhanced Emission. Chembiochem 2020; 22:1042-1048. [PMID: 33140570 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The development of small molecules that can selectively target G-quadruplex (G4) DNAs has drawn considerable attention due to their unique physiological and pathological functions. However, only a few molecules have been found to selectively bind a particular G4 DNA structure. We have developed a fluorescence ligand Q1, a molecular scaffold with a carbazole-pyridine core bridged by a phenylboronic acid side chain, that acts as a selective ascaris telomere antiparallel G4 DNA ASC20 ligand with about 18 nm blue-shifted and enhanced fluorescence intensity. Photophysical properties revealed that Q1 was sensitive to the microenvironment and gave the best selectivity to ASC20 with an equilibrium binding constant Ka =6.04×105 M-1 . Time-resolved fluorescence studies also demonstrated that Q1 showed a longer fluorescence lifetime in the presence of ASC20. The binding characteristics of Q1 with ASC20 were shown in detail in a fluorescent intercalator displacement (FID) assay, a 2-Ap titration experiment and by molecular docking. Ligand Q1 could adopt an appropriate pose at terminal G-quartets of ASC20 through multiple interactions including π-π stacking between aromatic rings; this led to strong fluorescence enhancement. In addition, a co-staining image showed that Q1 is mainly distributed in the cytoplasm. Accordingly, this work provides insights for the development of ligands that selectively targeting a specific G4 DNA structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan-Qi Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China
| | - Juan-Juan Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Xian Lang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Yao Li
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Qi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China
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