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Reihill M, Ma H, Bengtsson D, Oscarson S. Synthesis of the 3'- O-sulfated TF antigen with a TEG-N 3 linker for glycodendrimersomes preparation to study lectin binding. Beilstein J Org Chem 2024; 20:173-180. [PMID: 38318459 PMCID: PMC10840529 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.20.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of gram quantities of the TF antigen (β-ᴅ-Gal-(1→3)-α-ᴅ-GalNAc) and its 3'-sulfated analogue with a TEG-N3 spacer attached is described. The synthesis of the TF antigen comprises seven steps, from a known N-Troc-protected galactosamine donor, with an overall yield of 31%. Both the spacer (85%) and the galactose moiety (79%) were introduced using thioglycoside donors in NIS/AgOTf-promoted glycosylation reactions. The 3'-sulfate was finally introduced through tin activation in benzene/DMF followed by treatment with a sulfur trioxide-trimethylamine complex in a 66% yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Reihill
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Hanyue Ma
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Dennis Bengtsson
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Stefan Oscarson
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Kim H, Weidner N, Ronin C, Klein E, Roper JA, Kahl-Knutson B, Peterson K, Leffler H, Nilsson UJ, Pedersen A, Zetterberg FR, Slack RJ. Evaluating the affinity and kinetics of small molecule glycomimetics for human and mouse galectin-3 using surface plasmon resonance. SLAS DISCOVERY : ADVANCING LIFE SCIENCES R & D 2023; 28:233-239. [PMID: 36990319 DOI: 10.1016/j.slasd.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Galectin-3 is a beta-galactoside-binding mammalian lectin that is one of a 15-member galectin family that can bind several cell surface glycoproteins via its carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). As a result, it can influence a range of cellular processes including cell activation, adhesion and apoptosis. Galectin-3 has been implicated in various diseases, including fibrotic disorders and cancer, and is now being therapeutically targeted by both small and large molecules. Historically, the screening and triaging of small molecule glycomimetics that bind to the galectin-3 CRD has been completed in fluorescence polarisation (FP) assays to determine KD values. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) has not been widely used for compound screening and in this study it was used to compare human and mouse galectin-3 affinity measures between FP and SPR, as well as investigate compound kinetics. The KD estimates for a set of compounds selected from mono- and di-saccharides with affinities across a 550-fold range, correlated well between FP and SPR assay formats for both human and mouse galectin-3. Increases in affinity for compounds binding to human galectin-3 were driven by changes in both kon and koff whilst for mouse galectin-3 this was primarily due to kon. The reduction in affinity observed between human to mouse galectin-3 was also comparable between assay formats. SPR has been shown to be a viable alternative to FP for early drug discovery screening and determining KD values. In addition, it can also provide early kinetic characterisation of small molecule galectin-3 glycomimetics with robust kon and koff values generated in a high throughput manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Kim
- NovAliX, 16 rue d'Ankara, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Céline Ronin
- NovAliX, 16 rue d'Ankara, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | | | - James A Roper
- Galecto Biotech AB, Stevenage Bioscience Catalyst, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2FX United Kingdom
| | - Barbro Kahl-Knutson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Kristoffer Peterson
- Galecto Biotech AB, Sahlgrenska Science Park, Medicinaregatan 8 A, SE-413 46 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hakon Leffler
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ulf J Nilsson
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anders Pedersen
- Galecto Biotech AB, Cobis Science Park, Ole Maaloes Vej 3, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Fredrik R Zetterberg
- Galecto Biotech AB, Sahlgrenska Science Park, Medicinaregatan 8 A, SE-413 46 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Robert J Slack
- Galecto Biotech AB, Stevenage Bioscience Catalyst, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2FX United Kingdom.
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