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Sofi FA, Tabassum N. Natural product inspired leads in the discovery of anticancer agents: an update. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:8605-8628. [PMID: 36255181 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2134212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Natural products have emerged as major leads for the discovery and development of new anti-cancer drugs. The plant-derived anti-cancer drugs account for approximately 60% and the quest for new anti-cancer agents is in progress. Anti-cancer leads have been isolated from plants, animals, marine organisms, and microorganisms from time immemorial. The process of semisynthetic modifications of the parent lead has led to the generation of new anti-cancer agents with improved therapeutic efficacy and minimal side effects. The various chemo-informatics tools, bioinformatics, high-throughput screening, and combinatorial synthesis are able to deliver the new natural product lead molecules. Plant-derived anticancer agents in either late preclinical development or early clinical trials include taxol, vincristine, vinblastine, topotecan, irinotecan, etoposide, paclitaxel, and docetaxel. Similarly, anti-cancer agents from microbial sources include dactinomycin, bleomycin, mitomycin C, and doxorubicin. In this review, we highlighted the importance of natural products leads in the discovery and development of novel anti-cancer agents. The semisynthetic modifications of the parent lead to the new anti-cancer agent are also presented. Further, the leads in the preclinical settings with the potential to become effective anticancer agents are also reviewed.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firdoos Ahmad Sofi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Nahida Tabassum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India
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2
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Chemistry and Biological Activities of Naturally Occurring and Structurally Modified Podophyllotoxins. Molecules 2022; 28:molecules28010302. [PMID: 36615496 PMCID: PMC9822336 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants containing podophyllotoxin and its analogues have been used as folk medicines for centuries. The characteristic chemical structures and strong biological activities of this class of compounds attracted attention worldwide. Currently, more than ninety natural podophyllotoxins were isolated, and structure modifications of these molecules were performed to afford a variety of derivatives, which offered optimized anti-tumor activity. This review summarized up to date reports on natural occurring podophyllotoxins and their sources, structural modification and biological activities. Special attention was paid to both structural modification and optimized antitumor activity. It was noteworthy that etoposide, a derivative of podophyllotoxin, could prevent cytokine storm caused by the recent SARS-CoV-2 viral infection.
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Li Y, Huang T, Fu Y, Wang T, Zhao T, Guo S, Sun Y, Yang Y, Li C. Antitumor activity of a novel dual functional podophyllotoxin derivative involved PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215886. [PMID: 31557166 PMCID: PMC6763125 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The progression of cancer through local expansion and metastasis is well recognized, but preventing these characteristic cancer processes is challenging. To this end, a new strategy is required. In this study, we presented a novel dual functional podophyllotoxin derivative, 2-pyridinealdehyde hydrazone dithiocarbamate S-propionate podophyllotoxin ester (PtoxPdp), which inhibited both matrix metalloproteinases and Topoisomerase II. This new podophyllotoxin derivative exhibited significant anti-proliferative, anti-metastatic that correlated with the downregulation of matrix metalloproteinase. In a xenograft animal local expansion model, PtoxPdp was superior to etoposide in tumor repression. A preliminary mechanistic study revealed that PtoxPdp induced apoptosis and autophagy via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Furthermore, PtoxPdp could also inhibit epithelial-mesenchymal transition, which was achieved by downregulating both PI3K/AKT/mTOR and NF-κB/Snail pathways. Taken together, our results reveal that PtoxPdp is a promising antitumor drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongli Li
- College of Basic Medical Science, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (CL); (YL)
| | - Tengfei Huang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Yun Fu
- College of Basic Medical Science, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Wang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Tiesuo Zhao
- College of Basic Medical Science, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Guo
- College of Basic Medical Science, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Yanjie Sun
- Experimental Teaching Center of Biology and Basic Medicine, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Yun Yang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Changzheng Li
- College of Basic Medical Science, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P. R. China
- Experimental Teaching Center of Biology and Basic Medicine, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (CL); (YL)
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Hao SY, Feng SL, Wang XR, Wang Z, Chen SW, Hui L. Novel conjugates of podophyllotoxin and coumarin: Synthesis, cytotoxicities, cell cycle arrest, binding CT DNA and inhibition of Topo IIβ. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:2129-2135. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.06.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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p53-Mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway Played a Role in Ptox Dpt-Induced EMT Inhibition in Liver Cancer Cell Lines. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:2531493. [PMID: 31191795 PMCID: PMC6525883 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2531493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) involves metastasis and drug resistance; thus, a new EMT reversing agent is required. It has shown that wild-type p53 can reverse EMT back to epithelial characteristics, and iron chelator acting as a p53 inducer has been demonstrated. Moreover, recent study revealed that etoposide could also inhibit EMT. Therefore, combination of etoposide with iron chelator might achieve better inhibition of EMT. To this end, we prepared di-2-pyridineketone hydrazone dithiocarbamate S-propionate podophyllotoxin ester (PtoxDpt) that combined the podophyllotoxin (Ptox) structural unit (etoposide) with the dithiocarbamate unit (iron chelator) through the hybridization strategy. The resulting PtoxDpt inherited characteristics from parent structural units, acting as both the p53 inducer and topoisomerase II inhibitor. In addition, the PtoxDpt exhibited significant inhibition in migration and invasion, which correlated with downregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP). More importantly, PtoxDpt could inhibit EMT in the absence or presence of TGF-β1, concomitant to the ROS production, and the additional evidence revealed that PtoxDpt downregulated AKT/mTOR through upregulation of p53, indicating that PtoxDpt induced EMT inhibition through the p53/PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
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Xiang R, Guan XW, Hui L, Jin YX, Chen SW. Investigation of the anti-angiogenesis effects induced by deoxypodophyllotoxin-5-FU conjugate C069 against HUVE cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:713-717. [PMID: 28129979 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We have found that the deoxypodophyllotoxin-5-fluorouracil conjugate, 4'-O-demethyl-4-deoxyppodophyllotoxin-4'-yl 4-((6-(2-(5-fluorouracil-yl)acetamido) hexyl)amino)-4-oxobutanoate (C069), possessed superior cytotoxicities and less toxicity compared with etoposide. In this paper, the anti-angiogenic and vascular disrupting activities of C069 were examined with several in vitro and in vivo models. First, we demonstrated that C069 significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, tube formation and disrupted the formed tube-like structures of HUVE cells, and inhibited angiogenesis in chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay. Furthermore, we found that C069 inhibited tube formation of HUVE cells by down-regulating the MMP-2, MMP-9, and phosphorylation of Akt and β-catenin. These results provided the initial evidence that C069 exerts potent anti-angiogenic and vascular disrupting effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Xiang
- Department of Medicinal, Second Clinical Hospital of Northwest University for Nationalities & Second Provincial People's Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Wen Guan
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Ling Hui
- Experimental Center of Medicine, General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Command, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Yong-Xin Jin
- Department of Medicinal, Second Clinical Hospital of Northwest University for Nationalities & Second Provincial People's Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Shi-Wu Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
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Conjugates of podophyllotoxin and norcantharidin as dual inhibitors of topoisomeraseⅡ and protein phosphatase 2A. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 123:568-576. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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8
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Cortés-Ciriano I, Bender A. How Consistent are Publicly Reported Cytotoxicity Data? Large-Scale Statistical Analysis of the Concordance of Public Independent Cytotoxicity Measurements. ChemMedChem 2015; 11:57-71. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isidro Cortés-Ciriano
- Institut Pasteur; Unité de Bioinformatique Structurale; CNRS UMR 3825; Département de Biologie Structurale et Chimie; 25, rue du Dr. Roux 75015 Paris France
| | - Andreas Bender
- Centre for Molecular Science Informatics; Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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Cheng WH, Shang H, Niu C, Zhang ZH, Zhang LM, Chen H, Zou ZM. Synthesis and Evaluation of New Podophyllotoxin Derivatives with in Vitro Anticancer Activity. Molecules 2015; 20:12266-79. [PMID: 26154885 PMCID: PMC6332074 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200712266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel podophyllotoxin derivatives were designed and synthesized. The cytotoxic activities of these compounds were tested against three tumor cell lines (HeLa, K562, and K562/A02). Most of the derivatives (IC50 = 1-20 μM) were found to have stronger cell growth inhibitory activity than positive control etoposide. Among them, 4β-N-[(E)-(5-((4-(4-nitrophenyl)-piperazin-1-yl)methyl)furan-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-amine]-4-desoxy-podophyllotoxin (9l) demonstrated significant inhibitory activity against HeLa, K562, and K562/A02 cell lines with IC50 values of 7.93, 6.42, 6.89 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hua Cheng
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Hai Shang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Cong Niu
- Pharmacognosy Division, Medical College of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin 300162, China.
| | - Zhong-Heng Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Li-Ming Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Hong Chen
- Pharmacognosy Division, Medical College of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin 300162, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Zhong-Mei Zou
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
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Liu YQ, Tian J, Qian K, Zhao XB, Morris-Natschke SL, Yang L, Nan X, Tian X, Lee KH. Recent progress on C-4-modified podophyllotoxin analogs as potent antitumor agents. Med Res Rev 2015; 35:1-62. [PMID: 24827545 PMCID: PMC4337794 DOI: 10.1002/med.21319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Podophyllotoxin (PPT), as well as its congeners and derivatives, exhibits pronounced biological activities, especially antineoplastic effects. Its strong inhibitory effect on tumor cell growth led to the development of three of the most highly prescribed anticancer drugs in the world, etoposide, teniposide, and the water-soluble prodrug etoposide phosphate. Their clinical success as well as intriguing mechanism of action stimulated great interest in further modification of PPT for better antitumor activity. The C-4 position has been a major target for structural derivatization aimed at either producing more potent compounds or overcoming drug resistance. Accordingly, numerous PPT derivatives have been prepared via hemisynthesis and important structure-activity relationship (SAR) correlations have been identified. Several resulting compounds, including GL-331, TOP-53, and NK611, reached clinical trials. Some excellent reviews on the distribution, sources, applications, synthesis, and SAR of PPT have been published. This review focuses on a second generation of new etoposide-related drugs and provides detailed coverage of the current status and recent development of C-4-modified PPT analogs as anticancer clinical trial candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Qian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jing Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Keduo Qian
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Xiao-Bo Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Susan L. Morris-Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Liu Yang
- Environmental and Municipal Engineering School, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Nan
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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11
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Gardner TJ, Cohen T, Redmann V, Lau Z, Felsenfeld D, Tortorella D. Development of a high-content screen for the identification of inhibitors directed against the early steps of the cytomegalovirus infectious cycle. Antiviral Res 2014; 113:49-61. [PMID: 25446405 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2014.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a latent and persistent virus whose proliferation increases morbidity and mortality of immune-compromised individuals. The current anti-CMV therapeutics targeting the viral DNA polymerase or the major immediate-early (MIE) gene locus are somewhat effective at limiting CMV-associated disease. However, due to low bioavailability, severe toxicity, and the development of drug resistant CMV strains following prolonged treatment, current anti-CMV therapeutics are insufficient. To help address this shortfall, we established a high-content assay to identify inhibitors targeting CMV entry and the early steps of infection. The infection of primary human fibroblasts with a variant of the CMV laboratory strain AD169 expressing a chimeric IE2-yellow fluorescence protein (YFP) (AD169IE2-YFP) provided the basis for the high-content assay. The localization of IE2-YFP to the nucleus shortly following an AD169IE2-YFP infection induced a robust fluorescent signal that was quantified using confocal microscopy. The assay was optimized to achieve outstanding assay fitness and high Z' scores. We then screened a bioactive chemical library consisting of 2080 compounds and identified hit compounds based on the decrease of fluorescence signal from IE2-YFP nuclear expression. The hit compounds likely target various cellular processes involved in the early steps of infection including capsid transport, chromatin remodeling, and viral gene expression. Extensive secondary assays confirmed the ability of a hit compound, convallatoxin, to inhibit infection of both laboratory and clinical CMV strains and limit virus proliferation. Collectively, the data demonstrate that we have established a robust high-content screen to identify compounds that limit the early steps of the CMV life cycle, and that novel inhibitors of early infection events may serve as viable CMV therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Gardner
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Microbiology, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Tobias Cohen
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Microbiology, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Veronika Redmann
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Microbiology, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Zerlina Lau
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Integrated Screening Core, Experimental Therapeutics Institute, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Dan Felsenfeld
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Integrated Screening Core, Experimental Therapeutics Institute, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Domenico Tortorella
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Microbiology, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Liu X, Zhang LL, Xu XH, Hui L, Zhang JB, Chen SW. Synthesis and anticancer activity of dichloroplatinum(II) complexes of podophyllotoxin. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:3780-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.04.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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14
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of conjugates of deoxypodophyllotoxin and 5-FU as inducer of caspase-3 and -7. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 49:48-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2011] [Revised: 11/30/2011] [Accepted: 12/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Chen SW, Gao YY, Zhou NN, Liu J, Huang WT, Hui L, Jin Y, Jin YX. Carbamates of 4′-demethyl-4-deoxypodophyllotoxin: Synthesis, cytotoxicity and cell cycle effects. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:7355-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2011] [Revised: 09/26/2011] [Accepted: 10/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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16
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Liu YQ, Dai W, Yang L, Li HY. Design and synthesis of novel camptothecin/5-fluorouracil conjugates as cytotoxic agents. Nat Prod Res 2011; 25:1817-26. [DOI: 10.1080/14786411003792181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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17
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Jin Y, Liu J, Huang WT, Chen SW, Hui L. Synthesis and biological evaluation of derivatives of 4-deoxypodophyllotoxin as antitumor agents. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:4056-61. [PMID: 21733601 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2011] [Revised: 05/31/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In an attempt to generate compounds with superior bioactivity and reduced toxicity, a series of derivatives of deoxypodophyllotoxin were synthesized by reacting 4'-demethyl-4-deoxypodophyllotoxin with substituted piperazines or their amino acid amides. The cytotoxic activity of these compounds against three human cancer cell lines was evaluated. We found that p-nitrophenylpiperazine substitution (Compound 8b) led to an increase in the potency of the compound. Compound 8b exhibited the most potent cytotoxicity against A-549, HeLa and SiHa cells (IC(50) values were 0.102, 0.180 and 0.0195 μM, respectively). In addition, flow cytometric analysis showed that 8b induced cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase accompanied by apoptosis in A-549 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jin
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
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Zhang JQ, Zhang ZW, Hui L, Chen SW, Tian X. Novel semisynthetic spin-labeled derivatives of podophyllotoxin with cytotoxic and antioxidative activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:983-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2009] [Revised: 11/26/2009] [Accepted: 12/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Miao Q, Yan X, Zhao K. Synthesis, Structure and Anticancer Activity Studies of 1-[(5-Bromo-2-thienyl)sulfonyl]-5-fluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-2,4-dione. CHINESE J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201090039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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20
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Yan X, Hu M, Miao Q, Wang S, Zhao K. The Synthesis and Anticancer Activities of Peptide 5-fluorouracil Derivatives. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2009. [DOI: 10.3184/030823409x431364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A new series of peptide 5-fluorouracil derivatives was designed and synthesised in order to test in vitro anticancer activities. The results indicated that peptide 5-fluorouracil derivatives possessed anticancer activities against human HL-60 and Bel-7402 cell lines. The structures of the compounds were determined by means of 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, mass spectra and elemental analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Yan
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325027, P. R. China
| | - Maolin Hu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325027, P. R. China
| | - Qian Miao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325027, P. R. China
| | - Shun Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325027, P. R. China
| | - Kejian Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325027, P. R. China
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel conjugates of podophyllotoxin and 5-FU as antineoplastic agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:3111-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2009] [Revised: 02/28/2009] [Accepted: 03/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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22
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Liu YQ, Liu YQ, Tian X, Yang L. Synthesis of novel derivatives of bispodophyllotoxin as potential antineoplastic agents--part XVI. Nat Prod Res 2008; 22:285-91. [PMID: 18322843 DOI: 10.1080/14786410701757298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Podophyllotoxin and related analogs present numerous challenges associated with optimal antitumor activity and severe unpredictable toxicity. In an attempt to find biorational podophyllotoxin-related drug, two moieties of podophyllotoxin have been linked at C4-position by a simple modification of the carbodiimide procedure to provide novel bispodophyllotoxin analogs (4a-4e) and their structural information was extensively characterized by using 1H-NMR, IR, and HRMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Qian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, PR China.
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Zhang FM, Yao XJ, Tian X, Tu YQ. Synthesis and biological evaluation of new 4beta-5-Fu-substituted 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin derivatives. Molecules 2006; 11:849-57. [PMID: 18007391 DOI: 10.3390/11110849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2006] [Revised: 10/26/2006] [Accepted: 10/27/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of new 4beta-5-Fu-substituted 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin derivatives were synthesized and evaluated, together with some previously prepared ones, for their cytotoxic activities against four tumor cell lines (HL60, P388, A549 and BEL7402). Three of these compounds exhibited superior in vitro anticancer activity against P388 and A549 than the reference compound etoposide. In addition, the partition coefficients (P) of all the new and previously synthesized derivatives were determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
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Liu YQ, Yang H, Tian X. Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Etoposide Analogues as Cytotoxic Agents. CHINESE J CHEM 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.200690149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Jin Y, Chen SW, Tian X. Synthesis and biological evaluation of new spin-labeled derivatives of podophyllotoxin. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:3062-8. [PMID: 16406792 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2005] [Revised: 12/12/2005] [Accepted: 12/13/2005] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In order to find compounds with superior bioactivity and less toxicity, a series of spin-labeled podophyllotoxin derivatives were synthesized and tested for the partition coefficients and cytotoxicity against P-388 and A-549. Furthermore, we also determined antioxidant activities of target molecular in tissues of SD rats by the TBA method. Results revealed that most synthesized compounds showed more significant cytotoxicity against P-388 and A-549 in vitro than VP-16. Among them, 9d exhibited most potent cytotoxicity against P-388 and A-549 cells (IC50 is <0.01 and 0.13 microM, respectively). Also, the antioxidative activities showed that the modified compounds of 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin (9a-d and 10a-c) are higher than those of podophyllotoxin series (8a-d). The relationship between the cytotoxicity and antioxidative activity discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
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