1
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Charbonneau AA, Reicks EJ, Cambria JF, Inman J, Danley D, Shockley EA, Davion R, Salgado I, Norton EG, Corbett LJ, Hanacek LE, Jensen JG, Kibodeaux MA, Kirkpatrick TK, Rausch KM, Roth SR, West B, Wilson KE, Lawrence CM, Cloninger MJ. CUREs for high-level Galectin-3 expression. Protein Expr Purif 2024; 221:106516. [PMID: 38801985 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2024.106516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Galectins are a large and diverse protein family defined by the presence of a carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) that binds β-galactosides. They play important roles in early development, tissue regeneration, immune homeostasis, pathogen recognition, and cancer. In many cases, studies that examine galectin biology and the effect of manipulating galectins are aided by, or require the ability to express and purify, specific members of the galectin family. In many cases, E. coli is employed as a heterologous expression system, and galectin expression is induced with isopropyl β-galactoside (IPTG). Here, we show that galectin-3 recognizes IPTG with micromolar affinity and that as IPTG induces expression, newly synthesized galectin can bind and sequester cytosolic IPTG, potentially repressing further expression. To circumvent this putative inhibitory feedback loop, we utilized an autoinduction protocol that lacks IPTG, leading to significantly increased yields of galectin-3. Much of this work was done within the context of a course-based undergraduate research experience, indicating the ease and reproducibility of the resulting expression and purification protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elizabeth J Reicks
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - John F Cambria
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Jacob Inman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Daria Danley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Emmie A Shockley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Ravenor Davion
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Isabella Salgado
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Erienne G Norton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Lucy J Corbett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Lucy E Hanacek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Jordan G Jensen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Marguerite A Kibodeaux
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Tess K Kirkpatrick
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Keilen M Rausch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Samantha R Roth
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Bernadette West
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Kenai E Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - C Martin Lawrence
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Mary J Cloninger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA.
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2
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Abdullayev S, Kadav P, Bandyopadhyay P, Medrano FJ, Rabinovich GA, Dam TK, Romero A, Roy R. Selectively Modified Lactose and N-Acetyllactosamine Analogs at Three Key Positions to Afford Effective Galectin-3 Ligands. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043718. [PMID: 36835132 PMCID: PMC9962200 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Galectins constitute a family of galactose-binding lectins overly expressed in the tumor microenvironment as well as in innate and adaptive immune cells, in inflammatory diseases. Lactose ((β-D-galactopyranosyl)-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranose, Lac) and N-Acetyllactosamine (2-acetamido-2-deoxy-4-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose, LacNAc) have been widely exploited as ligands for a wide range of galectins, sometimes with modest selectivity. Even though several chemical modifications at single positions of the sugar rings have been applied to these ligands, very few examples combined the simultaneous modifications at key positions known to increase both affinity and selectivity. We report herein combined modifications at the anomeric position, C-2, and O-3' of each of the two sugars, resulting in a 3'-O-sulfated LacNAc analog having a Kd of 14.7 µM against human Gal-3 as measured by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). This represents a six-fold increase in affinity when compared to methyl β-D-lactoside having a Kd of 91 µM. The three best compounds contained sulfate groups at the O-3' position of the galactoside moieties, which were perfectly in line with the observed highly cationic character of the human Gal-3 binding site shown by the co-crystal of one of the best candidates of the LacNAc series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuay Abdullayev
- Glycosciences and Nanomaterials Laboratory, Université du Québec à Montréal, Succ. Centre-Ville, P.O. Box 8888, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Priyanka Kadav
- Laboratory of Mechanistic Glycobiology, Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
| | - Purnima Bandyopadhyay
- Laboratory of Mechanistic Glycobiology, Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
| | | | - Gabriel A. Rabinovich
- Laboratorio de Glicomedicina, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428 Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tarun K. Dam
- Laboratory of Mechanistic Glycobiology, Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
| | - Antonio Romero
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas “Margarita Salas” (CIB), CSIC, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.R.); (R.R.)
| | - René Roy
- Glycosciences and Nanomaterials Laboratory, Université du Québec à Montréal, Succ. Centre-Ville, P.O. Box 8888, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
- Correspondence: (A.R.); (R.R.)
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3
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Laderach DJ, Compagno D. Inhibition of galectins in cancer: Biological challenges for their clinical application. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1104625. [PMID: 36703969 PMCID: PMC9872792 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1104625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Galectins play relevant roles in tumor development, progression and metastasis. Accordingly, galectins are certainly enticing targets for medical intervention in cancer. To date, however, clinical trials based on galectin inhibitors reported inconclusive results. This review summarizes the galectin inhibitors currently being evaluated and discusses some of the biological challenges that need to be addressed to improve these strategies for the benefit of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego José Laderach
- Molecular and Functional Glyco-Oncology Laboratory, Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facutad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina,Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina,Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina,*Correspondence: Diego José Laderach,
| | - Daniel Compagno
- Molecular and Functional Glyco-Oncology Laboratory, Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facutad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina,Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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4
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Kruk L, Braun A, Cosset E, Gudermann T, Mammadova-Bach E. Galectin functions in cancer-associated inflammation and thrombosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1052959. [PMID: 36873388 PMCID: PMC9981828 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1052959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Galectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins that regulate many cellular functions including proliferation, adhesion, migration, and phagocytosis. Increasing experimental and clinical evidence indicates that galectins influence many steps of cancer development by inducing the recruitment of immune cells to the inflammatory sites and modulating the effector function of neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes. Recent studies described that different isoforms of galectins can induce platelet adhesion, aggregation, and granule release through the interaction with platelet-specific glycoproteins and integrins. Patients with cancer and/or deep-venous thrombosis have increased levels of galectins in the vasculature, suggesting that these proteins could be important contributors to cancer-associated inflammation and thrombosis. In this review, we summarize the pathological role of galectins in inflammatory and thrombotic events, influencing tumor progression and metastasis. We also discuss the potential of anti-cancer therapies targeting galectins in the pathological context of cancer-associated inflammation and thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linus Kruk
- Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Attila Braun
- Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Erika Cosset
- CRCL, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Thomas Gudermann
- Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Elmina Mammadova-Bach
- Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Munich, Germany
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5
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Venkatesh R, Tiwari V, Kandasamy J. Copper(I)-Catalyzed Sandmeyer-Type S-Arylation of 1-Thiosugars with Aryldiazonium Salts under Mild Conditions. J Org Chem 2022; 87:11414-11432. [PMID: 35994736 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Preparation of S-aryl thioglycosides from 1-thiosugars via S-arylation was demonstrated under mild reaction conditions. A wide range of protected and unprotected 1-thiosugars derived from glucose, glucosamine, galactose, mannose, ribose, maltose, and lactose underwent cross-coupling reactions with functionalized aryldiazonium salts in the presence of copper(I) chloride and DBU. The desired products were obtained in 55-88% yields within 5 min. Various functional groups, including halogens, were tolerated under standard reaction conditions. Synthesis of the biologically relevant antidiabetic dapagliflozin S-analogue and arbutin S-analogues (tyrosinase inhibitors) was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rapelly Venkatesh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Varsha Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Jeyakumar Kandasamy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
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6
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Belkhadem K, Cao Y, Roy R. Synthesis of Galectin Inhibitors by Regioselective 3'- O-Sulfation of Vanillin Lactosides Obtained under Phase Transfer Catalysis. Molecules 2020; 26:E115. [PMID: 33383774 PMCID: PMC7795656 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Vanillin-based lactoside derivatives were synthetized using phase-transfer catalyzed reactions from per-O-acetylated lactosyl bromide. The aldehyde group of the vanillin moiety was then modified to generate a series of related analogs having variable functionalities in the para- position of the aromatic residue. The corresponding unprotected lactosides, obtained by Zemplén transesterification, were regioselectively 3'-O-sulfated using tin chemistry activation followed by treatment with sulfur trioxide-trimethylamine complex (Men3N-SO3). Additional derivatives were also prepared from the vanillin's aldehyde using a Knoevenagel reaction to provide extended α, β-unsaturated carboxylic acid which was next reduced to the saturated counterpart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karima Belkhadem
- Department of Chemistry, University of Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada; (K.B.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yihong Cao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada; (K.B.); (Y.C.)
| | - René Roy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada; (K.B.); (Y.C.)
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, 531 boul. des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada
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7
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Miller MC, Zheng Y, Suylen D, Ippel H, Cañada FJ, Berbís MA, Jiménez-Barbero J, Tai G, Gabius HJ, Mayo KH. Targeting the CRD F-face of Human Galectin-3 and Allosterically Modulating Glycan Binding by Angiostatic PTX008 and a Structurally Optimized Derivative. ChemMedChem 2020; 16:713-723. [PMID: 33156953 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Calix[4]arene PTX008 is an angiostatic agent that inhibits tumor growth in mice by binding to galectin-1, a β-galactoside-binding lectin. To assess the affinity profile of PTX008 for galectins, we used 15 N,1 H HSQC NMR spectroscopy to show that PTX008 also binds to galectin-3 (Gal-3), albeit more weakly. We identified the contact site for PTX008 on the F-face of the Gal-3 carbohydrate recognition domain. STD NMR revealed that the hydrophobic phenyl ring crown of the calixarene is the binding epitope. With this information, we performed molecular modeling of the complex to assist in improving the rather low affinity of PTX008 for Gal-3. By removing the N-dimethyl alkyl chain amide groups, we produced PTX013 whose reduced alkyl chain length and polar character led to an approximately eightfold stronger binding than PTX008. PTX013 also binds Gal-1 more strongly than PTX008, whereas neither interacts strongly, if at all, with Gal-7. In addition, PTX013, like PTX008, is an allosteric inhibitor of galectin binding to the canonical ligand lactose. This study broadens the scope for galectin targeting by calixarene-based compounds and opens the perspective for selective galectin blocking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle C Miller
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Yi Zheng
- School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, 130024, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Dennis Suylen
- Department of Biochemistry and CARIM, Maastricht University, 6229HX, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Ippel
- Department of Biochemistry and CARIM, Maastricht University, 6229HX, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - F Javier Cañada
- NMR and Molecular Recognition Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CSIC), C/Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Alvaro Berbís
- NMR and Molecular Recognition Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CSIC), C/Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- NMR and Molecular Recognition Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CSIC), C/Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technological Park, Building 801 A, 48160, Derio, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 28009, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Guihua Tai
- School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, 130024, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Hans-Joachim Gabius
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximillians-University, 80539, Munich, Germany
| | - Kevin H Mayo
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
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8
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Goud NS, Soukya PSL, Ghouse M, Komal D, Alvala R, Alvala M. Human Galectin-1 and Its Inhibitors: Privileged Target for Cancer and HIV. Mini Rev Med Chem 2019; 19:1369-1378. [PMID: 30834831 DOI: 10.2174/1389557519666190304120821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Galectin 1(Gal-1), a β-galactoside binding mammalian lectin of 14KDa, is implicated in many signalling pathways, immune responses associated with cancer progression and immune disorders. Inhibition of human Gal-1 has been regarded as one of the potential therapeutic approaches for the treatment of cancer, as it plays a major role in tumour development and metastasis by modulating various biological functions viz. apoptosis, angiogenesis, migration, cell immune escape. Gal-1 is considered as a biomarker in diagnosis, prognosis and treatment condition. The overexpression of Gal-1 is well established and seen in many types of cancer progression like osteosarcoma, breast, lung, prostate, melanoma, etc. Gal-1 greatly accelerates the binding kinetics of HIV-1 to susceptible cells, leading to faster viral entry and a more robust viral replication by specific binding of CD4 cells. Hence, the Gal-1 is considered a promising molecular target for the development of new therapeutic drugs for cancer and HIV. The present review laid emphasis on structural insights and functional role of Gal-1 in the disease, current Gal-1 inhibitors and future prospects in the design of specific Gal-1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narella Sridhar Goud
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037, India
| | - P S Lakshmi Soukya
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037, India
| | - Mahammad Ghouse
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037, India
| | - Daipule Komal
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037, India
| | - Ravi Alvala
- G. Pulla Reddy College of pharmacy, Hyderabad, 500028, India
| | - Mallika Alvala
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037, India
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9
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He P, Zhao C, Sun X, Du Y. Design, synthesis and evaluation of lactoside-derived galectin-3 inhibitors. J Carbohydr Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2019.1609022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng He
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanfang Zhao
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Sun
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuguo Du
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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10
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Denavit V, Lainé D, Bouzriba C, Shanina E, Gillon É, Fortin S, Rademacher C, Imberty A, Giguère D. Stereoselective Synthesis of Fluorinated Galactopyranosides as Potential Molecular Probes for Galactophilic Proteins: Assessment of Monofluorogalactoside-LecA Interactions. Chemistry 2019; 25:4478-4490. [PMID: 30690814 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201806197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The replacement of hydroxyl groups by fluorine atoms on hexopyranoside scaffolds may allow access to invaluable tools for studying various biochemical processes. As part of ongoing activities toward the preparation of fluorinated carbohydrates, a systematic investigation involving the synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of mono- and polyfluorinated galactopyranosides is described. Various monofluorogalactopyranosides, a trifluorinated, and a tetrafluorinated galactopyranoside have been prepared using a Chiron approach. Given the scarcity of these compounds in the literature, in addition to their synthesis, their biological profiles were evaluated. Firstly, the fluorinated compounds were investigated as antiproliferative agents using normal human and mouse cells in comparison with cancerous cells. Most of the fluorinated compounds showed no antiproliferative activity. Secondly, these carbohydrate probes were used as potential inhibitors of galactophilic lectins. The first transverse relaxation-optimized spectroscopy (TROSY) NMR experiments were performed on these interactions, examining chemical shift perturbations of the backbone resonances of LecA, a virulence factor from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Moreover, taking advantage of the fluorine atom, the 19 F NMR resonances of the monofluorogalactopyranosides were directly monitored in the presence and absence of LecA to assess ligand binding. Lastly, these results were corroborated with the binding potencies of the monofluorinated galactopyranoside derivatives by isothermal titration calorimetry experiments. Analogues with fluorine atoms at C-3 and C-4 showed weaker affinities with LecA as compared to those with the fluorine atom at C-2 or C-6. This research has focused on the chemical synthesis of "drug-like" low-molecular-weight inhibitors that circumvent drawbacks typically associated with natural oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Denavit
- Département de Chimie, PROTEO, RQRM, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Danny Lainé
- Département de Chimie, PROTEO, RQRM, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Chahrazed Bouzriba
- Oncology Division, Hôpital Saint-François d'Assise, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 10 rue de l'Espinay, Quebec City, QC, G1L 3L5, Canada
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Elena Shanina
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14424, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Émilie Gillon
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Sébastien Fortin
- Oncology Division, Hôpital Saint-François d'Assise, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 10 rue de l'Espinay, Quebec City, QC, G1L 3L5, Canada
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Christoph Rademacher
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14424, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Anne Imberty
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Denis Giguère
- Département de Chimie, PROTEO, RQRM, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
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11
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Porciúncula González C, Cagnoni AJ, Mariño KV, Fontana C, Saenz-Méndez P, Irazoqui G, Giacomini C. Enzymatic synthesis of non-natural trisaccharides and galactosides; Insights of their interaction with galectins as a function of their structure. Carbohydr Res 2019; 472:1-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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12
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Dings RPM, Miller MC, Griffin RJ, Mayo KH. Galectins as Molecular Targets for Therapeutic Intervention. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19030905. [PMID: 29562695 PMCID: PMC5877766 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Galectins are a family of small, highly conserved, molecular effectors that mediate various biological processes, including chemotaxis and angiogenesis, and that function by interacting with various cell surface glycoconjugates, usually targeting β-galactoside epitopes. Because of their significant involvement in various biological functions and pathologies, galectins have become a focus of therapeutic discovery for clinical intervention against cancer, among other pathological disorders. In this review, we focus on understanding galectin structure-function relationships, their mechanisms of action on the molecular level, and targeting them for therapeutic intervention against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruud P M Dings
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
| | - Michelle C Miller
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Robert J Griffin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
| | - Kevin H Mayo
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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13
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Campo VL, Marchiori MF, Rodrigues LC, Dias-Baruffi M. Synthetic glycoconjugates inhibitors of tumor-related galectin-3: an update. Glycoconj J 2016; 33:853-876. [PMID: 27526114 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-016-9721-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Galectin-3 is associated with the development and malignancy of several types of tumor, mediating important tumor-related functions, such as tumorigenesis, neoplastic transformation, tumor cell survival, angiogenesis, tumor metastasis and regulation of apoptosis. Therefore, synthetic galectin-3 inhibitors are of utmost importance for development of new antitumor therapeutic strategies. In this review we present an updated selection of synthetic glycoconjugates inhibitors of tumor-related galectin-3, properly addressed as monosaccharide- and disaccharide-based inhibitors, and multivalent-based inhibitors, disclosuring relevant methods for their synthesis along with their inhibitory activities towards galectin-3. In general, Cu(I)-assisted 1,3-dipolar azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reactions were predominantly applied for the synthesis of the described inhibitors, which had their inhibitory activities against galectin-3 evaluated by fluorescence polarization, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), hemagglutination, ELISA and cell imaging assays. Overall, the presented synthetic glycoconjugates represent frontline galectin-3 inhibitors, finding important biomedical applications in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Leiria Campo
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Av. Café S/N, CEP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Fiori Marchiori
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Av. Café S/N, CEP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Lílian Cataldi Rodrigues
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Av. Café S/N, CEP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Dias-Baruffi
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Av. Café S/N, CEP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brazil
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14
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Delaine T, Collins P, MacKinnon A, Sharma G, Stegmayr J, Rajput VK, Mandal S, Cumpstey I, Larumbe A, Salameh BA, Kahl-Knutsson B, van Hattum H, van Scherpenzeel M, Pieters RJ, Sethi T, Schambye H, Oredsson S, Leffler H, Blanchard H, Nilsson UJ. Galectin-3-Binding Glycomimetics that Strongly Reduce Bleomycin-Induced Lung Fibrosis and Modulate Intracellular Glycan Recognition. Chembiochem 2016; 17:1759-70. [PMID: 27356186 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Discovery of glycan-competitive galectin-3-binding compounds that attenuate lung fibrosis in a murine model and that block intracellular galectin-3 accumulation at damaged vesicles, hence revealing galectin-3-glycan interactions involved in fibrosis progression and in intracellular galectin-3 activities, is reported. 3,3'-Bis-(4-aryltriazol-1-yl)thiodigalactosides were synthesized and evaluated as antagonists of galectin-1, -2, -3, and -4 N-terminal, -4 C-terminal, -7 and -8 N-terminal, -9 N-terminal, and -9 C-terminal domains. Compounds displaying low-nanomolar affinities for galectins-1 and -3 were identified in a competitive fluorescence anisotropy assay. X-ray structural analysis of selected compounds in complex with galectin-3, together with galectin-3 mutant binding experiments, revealed that both the aryltriazolyl moieties and fluoro substituents on the compounds are involved in key interactions responsible for exceptional affinities towards galectin-3. The most potent galectin-3 antagonist was demonstrated to act in an assay monitoring galectin-3 accumulation upon amitriptyline-induced vesicle damage, visualizing a biochemically/medically relevant intracellular lectin-carbohydrate binding event and that it can be blocked by a small molecule. The same antagonist administered intratracheally attenuated bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in a mouse model with a dose/response profile comparing favorably with that of oral administration of the marketed antifibrotic compound pirfenidone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Delaine
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P. O. Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Patrick Collins
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland, 4222, Australia
| | - Alison MacKinnon
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - G Sharma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Section MIG, Lund University, BMC-C1228b, Klinikgatan 28, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - John Stegmayr
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Section MIG, Lund University, BMC-C1228b, Klinikgatan 28, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Vishal K Rajput
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P. O. Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Santanu Mandal
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P. O. Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ian Cumpstey
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P. O. Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Amaia Larumbe
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P. O. Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Bader A Salameh
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P. O. Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden.,Chemistry Department, The Hashemite University, P. O. Box 150459, Zarka, 13115, Jordan
| | - Barbro Kahl-Knutsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Section MIG, Lund University, BMC-C1228b, Klinikgatan 28, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hilde van Hattum
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, P. O. Box 80082, 3508 TB, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Monique van Scherpenzeel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, P. O. Box 80082, 3508 TB, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Translational Metabolic Laboratory, 51 Radboud University Medical Center, P. O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Roland J Pieters
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, P. O. Box 80082, 3508 TB, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Tariq Sethi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Kings College, 41 Denmark Hill Campus, Bessemer Road, London, SE5 9RJ, UK
| | - Hans Schambye
- Galecto Biotech ApS, COBIS, Ole Maaloes vej 3, Copenhagen N, 2200, Denmark
| | - Stina Oredsson
- Department of Biology, Lund University, P. O. Box 118, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hakon Leffler
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Section MIG, Lund University, BMC-C1228b, Klinikgatan 28, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Helen Blanchard
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland, 4222, Australia.
| | - Ulf J Nilsson
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P. O. Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden.
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15
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Multivalent Carbohydrate-Lectin Interactions: How Synthetic Chemistry Enables Insights into Nanometric Recognition. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21050629. [PMID: 27187342 PMCID: PMC6274006 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21050629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycan recognition by sugar receptors (lectins) is intimately involved in many aspects of cell physiology. However, the factors explaining the exquisite selectivity of their functional pairing are not yet fully understood. Studies toward this aim will also help appraise the potential for lectin-directed drug design. With the network of adhesion/growth-regulatory galectins as therapeutic targets, the strategy to recruit synthetic chemistry to systematically elucidate structure-activity relationships is outlined, from monovalent compounds to glyco-clusters and glycodendrimers to biomimetic surfaces. The versatility of the synthetic procedures enables to take examining structural and spatial parameters, alone and in combination, to its limits, for example with the aim to produce inhibitors for distinct galectin(s) that exhibit minimal reactivity to other members of this group. Shaping spatial architectures similar to glycoconjugate aggregates, microdomains or vesicles provides attractive tools to disclose the often still hidden significance of nanometric aspects of the different modes of lectin design (sequence divergence at the lectin site, differences of spatial type of lectin-site presentation). Of note, testing the effectors alone or in combination simulating (patho)physiological conditions, is sure to bring about new insights into the cooperation between lectins and the regulation of their activity.
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16
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Blanchard H, Bum-Erdene K, Bohari MH, Yu X. Galectin-1 inhibitors and their potential therapeutic applications: a patent review. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2016; 26:537-54. [PMID: 26950805 DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2016.1163338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Galectins have affinity for β-galactosides. Human galectin-1 is ubiquitously expressed in the body and its expression level can be a marker in disease. Targeted inhibition of galectin-1 gives potential for treatment of inflammatory disorders and anti-cancer therapeutics. AREAS COVERED This review discusses progress in galectin-1 inhibitor discovery and development. Patent applications pertaining to galectin-1 inhibitors are categorised as monovalent- and multivalent-carbohydrate-based inhibitors, peptides- and peptidomimetics. Furthermore, the potential of galectin-1 protein as a therapeutic is discussed along with consideration of the unique challenges that galectin-1 presents, including its monomer-dimer equilibrium and oxidized and reduced forms, with regard to delivering an intact protein to a pathologically relevant site. EXPERT OPINION Significant evidence implicates galectin-1's involvement in cancer progression, inflammation, and host-pathogen interactions. Conserved sequence similarity of the carbohydrate-binding sites of different galectins makes design of specific antagonists (blocking agents/inhibitors of function) difficult. Key challenges pertaining to the therapeutic use of galectin-1 are its monomer-dimer equilibrium, its redox state, and delivery of intact galectin-1 to the desired site. Developing modified forms of galectin-1 has resulted in increased stability and functional potency. Gene and protein therapy approaches that deliver the protein toward the target are under exploration as is exploitation of different inhibitor scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Blanchard
- a Institute for Glycomics , Griffith University , Gold Coast Campus , Queensland , Australia
| | - Khuchtumur Bum-Erdene
- a Institute for Glycomics , Griffith University , Gold Coast Campus , Queensland , Australia
| | | | - Xing Yu
- a Institute for Glycomics , Griffith University , Gold Coast Campus , Queensland , Australia
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17
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González CP, Rodríguez E, Soule S, Fraguas LF, Brena BM, Giacomini C, Irazoqui G. Enzymatic synthesis of 3-aminopropyl-1-O-β-D-galactopyranoside catalyzed byAspergillus oryzaeβ-galactosidase. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2015. [DOI: 10.3109/10242422.2015.1095678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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18
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Abstract
Recent reports suggest that some galectins bind to enveloped viruses. They include influenza virus, human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1), human T-cell leukemia virus-1 (HTLV-1), and Nipah virus. It is also suggested that the interaction between viruses and galectins influences viral attachment to their susceptible cells, affecting the viral infectivity. Our work suggests that galectin-1 increases the infectivity of HIV-1 and HTVL-1. Indeed, galectin-1 promotes the initial adsorption of HIV-1 to CD4(+) cells through its binding to viral envelope gp120 and facilitates HIV-1 infection in a manner that is dependent on its recognition of β-galactoside residues. Thus, as galectin-1 can be considered as a pattern recognition receptor, HIV-1 exploits this host factor to promote its transmission or replication. In this chapter, we describe methods used to investigate this potential role of galectins in HIV-1 infection as a case in point for future studies on galectin-virus interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Ouellet
- Laboratory of Human Immuno-Retrovirology, Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
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19
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Cecioni S, Imberty A, Vidal S. Glycomimetics versus Multivalent Glycoconjugates for the Design of High Affinity Lectin Ligands. Chem Rev 2014; 115:525-61. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500303t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 381] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Samy Cecioni
- CERMAV, Université Grenoble Alpes and CNRS, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
- Institut
de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires,
Laboratoire de Chimie Organique 2 - Glycochimie, UMR 5246, Université Lyon 1 and CNRS, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Anne Imberty
- CERMAV, Université Grenoble Alpes and CNRS, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Sébastien Vidal
- Institut
de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires,
Laboratoire de Chimie Organique 2 - Glycochimie, UMR 5246, Université Lyon 1 and CNRS, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
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20
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Rauthu SR, Shiao TC, André S, Miller MC, Madej É, Mayo KH, Gabius HJ, Roy R. Defining the Potential of Aglycone Modifications for Affinity/Selectivity Enhancement against Medically Relevant Lectins: Synthesis, Activity Screening, and HSQC-Based NMR Analysis. Chembiochem 2014; 16:126-39. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201402474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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21
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Cagnoni AJ, Kovensky J, Uhrig ML. Design and synthesis of hydrolytically stable multivalent ligands bearing thiodigalactoside analogues for peanut lectin and human galectin-3 binding. J Org Chem 2014; 79:6456-67. [PMID: 24937526 DOI: 10.1021/jo500883v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we describe the design and synthesis of a novel family of hydrolytically stable glycoclusters bearing thiodigalactoside (TDG) analogues as recognition elements of β-galactoside binding lectins. The TDG analogue was synthesized by thioglycosylation of a 6-S-acetyl-α-D-glucosyl bromide with the isothiouronium salt of 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-galactose. Further propargylation of the TDG analogue allowed the coupling to azido-functionalized oligosaccharide scaffolds through copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) under microwave activation. The final mono-, di-, and tetravalent ligands were resistant to enzymatic hydrolisis by Escherichia coli β-galactosidase. Binding affinities to peanut agglutinin and human galectin-3 were measured by isothermal titration calorimetry which showed K(a) constants in the micromolar range as well as a multivalent effect. Monovalent ligand exhibited a binding affinity higher than that of thiodigalactoside. Docking studies performed with a model ligand on both β-galactoside binding lectins showed additional interactions between the triazole ring and lectin amino acid residues, suggesting a positive effect of this aromatic residue on the biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro J Cagnoni
- CIHIDECAR-CONICET, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires , Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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22
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Rachel H, Chang-Chun L. Recent advances toward the development of inhibitors to attenuate tumor metastasis via the interruption of lectin-ligand interactions. Adv Carbohydr Chem Biochem 2014; 69:125-207. [PMID: 24274369 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-408093-5.00005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant glycosylation is a well-recognized phenomenon that occurs on the surface of tumor cells, and the overexpression of a number of ligands (such as TF, sialyl Tn, and sialyl Lewis X) has been correlated to a worse prognosis for the patient. These unique carbohydrate structures play an integral role in cell-cell communication and have also been associated with more metastatic cancer phenotypes, which can result from binding to lectins present on cell surfaces. The most well studied metastasis-associated lectins are the galectins and selectins, which have been correlated to adhesion, neoangiogenesis, and immune-cell evasion processes. In order to slow the rate of metastatic lesion formation, a number of approaches have been successfully developed which involve interfering with the tumor lectin-substrate binding event. Through the generation of inhibitors, or by attenuating lectin and/or carbohydrate expression, promising results have been observed both in vitro and in vivo. This article briefly summarizes the involvement of lectins in the metastatic process and also describes different approaches used to prevent these undesirable carbohydrate-lectin binding events, which should ultimately lead to improvement in current cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hevey Rachel
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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23
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Rodrigue J, Ganne G, Blanchard B, Saucier C, Giguère D, Shiao TC, Varrot A, Imberty A, Roy R. Aromatic thioglycoside inhibitors against the virulence factor LecA from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 11:6906-18. [PMID: 24057051 DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41422a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Three small families of hydrolytically stable thioaryl glycosides were prepared as inhibitors of the LecA (PA-IL) virulence factor corresponding to the carbohydrate binding lectin from the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The monosaccharidic arylthio β-d-galactopyranosides served as a common template for the major series that was also substituted at the O-3 position. Arylthio disaccharides from lactose and from melibiose constituted the other two series members. In spite of the fact that the natural ligand for LecA is a glycolipid of the globotriaosylceramide having an α-d-galactopyranoside epitope, this study illustrated that the β-d-galactopyranoside configuration having a hydrophobic aglycon could override the requirement toward the anomeric configuration of the natural sugar. The enzyme linked lectin assay together with isothermal titration microcalorimetry established that naphthyl 1-thio-β-d-galactopyranoside () gave the best inhibition with an IC50 twenty-three times better than that of the reference methyl α-d-galactopyranoside. In addition it showed a KD of 6.3 μM which was ten times better than that of the reference compound. The X-ray crystal structure of LecA with was also obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Rodrigue
- PharmaQAM - Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3P8.
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24
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Blanchard H, Bum-Erdene K, Hugo MW. Inhibitors of Galectins and Implications for Structure-Based Design of Galectin-Specific Therapeutics. Aust J Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1071/ch14362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Galectins are a family of galactoside-specific lectins that are involved in a myriad of metabolic and disease processes. Due to roles in cancer and inflammatory and heart diseases, galectins are attractive targets for drug development. Over the last two decades, various strategies have been used to inhibit galectins, including polysaccharide-based therapeutics, multivalent display of saccharides, peptides, peptidomimetics, and saccharide-modifications. Primarily due to galectin carbohydrate binding sites having high sequence identities, the design and development of selective inhibitors targeting particular galectins, thereby addressing specific disease states, is challenging. Furthermore, the use of different inhibition assays by research groups has hindered systematic assessment of the relative selectivity and affinity of inhibitors. This review summarises the status of current inhibitors, strategies, and novel scaffolds that exploit subtle differences in galectin structures that, in conjunction with increasing available data on multiple galectins, is enabling the feasible design of effective and specific inhibitors of galectins.
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25
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Brument S, Sivignon A, Dumych TI, Moreau N, Roos G, Guérardel Y, Chalopin T, Deniaud D, Bilyy RO, Darfeuille-Michaud A, Bouckaert J, Gouin SG. Thiazolylaminomannosides As Potent Antiadhesives of Type 1 Piliated Escherichia coli Isolated from Crohn’s Disease Patients. J Med Chem 2013; 56:5395-406. [DOI: 10.1021/jm400723n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sami Brument
- LUNAM Université, CEISAM, Chimie
Et Interdisciplinarité, Synthèse,
Analyse, Modélisation, UMR CNRS 6230, UFR des Sciences et des
Techniques, 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208, 44322 NANTES
Cedex 3, France
| | - Adeline Sivignon
- Clermont Université, UMR 1071 Inserm/Université
d’Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand,
France
- INRA, Unité Sous Contrat 2018, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Tetiana I. Dumych
- Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv,
Ukraine
| | - Nicolas Moreau
- LUNAM Université, CEISAM, Chimie
Et Interdisciplinarité, Synthèse,
Analyse, Modélisation, UMR CNRS 6230, UFR des Sciences et des
Techniques, 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208, 44322 NANTES
Cedex 3, France
| | - Goedele Roos
- Algemene Chemie (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yann Guérardel
- Unité de Glycobiologie
Structurale et Fonctionnelle (UGSF), UMR8576 du CNRS, Université Lille 1, F-59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq
Cedex, France
| | - Thibaut Chalopin
- LUNAM Université, CEISAM, Chimie
Et Interdisciplinarité, Synthèse,
Analyse, Modélisation, UMR CNRS 6230, UFR des Sciences et des
Techniques, 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208, 44322 NANTES
Cedex 3, France
| | - David Deniaud
- LUNAM Université, CEISAM, Chimie
Et Interdisciplinarité, Synthèse,
Analyse, Modélisation, UMR CNRS 6230, UFR des Sciences et des
Techniques, 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208, 44322 NANTES
Cedex 3, France
| | - Rostyslav O. Bilyy
- Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv,
Ukraine
| | - Arlette Darfeuille-Michaud
- Clermont Université, UMR 1071 Inserm/Université
d’Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand,
France
- INRA, Unité Sous Contrat 2018, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Julie Bouckaert
- Unité de Glycobiologie
Structurale et Fonctionnelle (UGSF), UMR8576 du CNRS, Université Lille 1, F-59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq
Cedex, France
| | - Sébastien G. Gouin
- LUNAM Université, CEISAM, Chimie
Et Interdisciplinarité, Synthèse,
Analyse, Modélisation, UMR CNRS 6230, UFR des Sciences et des
Techniques, 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208, 44322 NANTES
Cedex 3, France
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26
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van Hattum H, Branderhorst HM, Moret EE, Nilsson UJ, Leffler H, Pieters RJ. Tuning the preference of thiodigalactoside- and lactosamine-based ligands to galectin-3 over galectin-1. J Med Chem 2013; 56:1350-4. [PMID: 23281927 DOI: 10.1021/jm301677r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitors for galectin-1 and -3 were synthesized from thiodigalactoside and lactosamine by derivatization of the galactose C3. Introduction of 4-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl substituents at the thiodigalactoside C3 by CuAAC, targeting arginine-arene interactions, increased the affinity to 13 nM but yielded little selectivity. The bulkier 4-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl substituent, however, increased the preference for galectin-3 over galectin-1 to more than 200-fold. Modeling showed more arginine-arene interactions for galectin-3 than for galectin-1. Introducing 4-phenoxyaryl groups on lactosamine had a similar effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilde van Hattum
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80082, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
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27
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Abstract
Combining nanotechnology with glycobiology has triggered an exponential growth of research activities in the design of novel functional bionanomaterials (glyconanotechnology). More specifically, recent synthetic advances towards the tailored and versatile design of glycosylated nanoparticles namely glyconanoparticles, considered as synthetic mimetics of natural glycoconjugates, paved the way toward diverse biomedical applications. The accessibility of a wide variety of these structured nanosystems, in terms of shapes, sizes, and organized around stable nanoparticles have readily contributed to their development and applications in nanomedicine. In this context, glycosylated gold-nanoparticles (GNPs), glycosylated quantum dots (QDs), fullerenes, single-wall natotubes (SWNTs), and self-assembled glycononanoparticles using amphiphilic glycopolymers or glycodendrimers have received considerable attention to afford powerful imaging, therapeutic, and biodiagnostic devices. This review will provide an overview of the most recent syntheses and applications of glycodendrimers in glycoscience that have permitted to deepen our understanding of multivalent carbohydrate-protein interactions. Together with synthetic breast cancer vaccines, inhibitors of bacterial adhesions to host tissues including sensitive detection devices, these novel bionanomaterials are finding extensive relevance.
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28
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Dings RPM, Kumar N, Miller MC, Loren M, Rangwala H, Hoye TR, Mayo KH. Structure-based optimization of angiostatic agent 6DBF7, an allosteric antagonist of galectin-1. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2012; 344:589-99. [PMID: 23232447 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.112.199646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectin-1 (gal-1), which binds β-galactoside groups on various cell surface receptors, is crucial to cell adhesion and migration, and is found to be elevated in several cancers. Previously, we reported on 6DBF7, a dibenzofuran (DBF)-based peptidomimetic of the gal-1 antagonist anginex. In the present study, we used a structure-based approach to optimize 6DBF7. Initial NMR studies showed that 6DBF7 binds to gal-1 on one side of the β-sandwich away from the lectin's carbohydrate binding site. Although an alanine scan of 6DBF7 showed that the two cationic groups (lysines) in the partial peptide are crucial to its angiostatic activity, it is the hydrophobic face of the amphipath that appears to interact directly with the surface of gal-1. Based on this structural information, we designed and tested additional DBF analogs. In particular, substitution of the C-terminal Asp for alanine and branched alkyl side chains (Val, Leu, Ile) for linear ones (Nle, Nva) rendered the greatest improvements in activity. Flow cytometry with gal-1(-/-) splenocytes showed that 6DBF7 and two of its more potent analogs (DB16 and DB21) can fully inhibit fluorescein isothiocyanate-gal-1 binding. Moreover, heteronuclear single-quantum coherence NMR titrations showed that the presence of DB16 decreases gal-1 affinity for lactose, indicating that the peptidomimetic targets gal-1 as a noncompetitive, allosteric inhibitor of glycan binding. Using tumor mouse models (B16F10 melanoma, LS174 lung, and MA148 ovarian), we found that DB21 inhibits tumor angiogenesis and tumor growth significantly better than 6DBF7, DB16, or anginex. DB21 is currently being developed further and holds promise for the management of human cancer in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruud P M Dings
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Minnesota, 321 Church Street, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Freitas JC, Couto TR, Paulino AA, de Freitas Filho JR, Malvestiti I, Oliveira RA, Menezes PH. Stereoselective synthesis of pseudoglycosides catalyzed by TeCl4 under mild conditions. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.09.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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30
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Freitas JC, Couto TR, Paulino AA, de Freitas Filho JR, Malvestiti I, Oliveira RA, Menezes PH. Stereoselective synthesis of pseudoglycosides catalyzed by TeCl4 under mild conditions. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.07.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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31
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Liu YY, Shi H, He GK, Song GL, Zhu HJ. Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Fungicidal Activity of Novel 1,5-Diaryl-3-(glucopyranosyloxy)-1H-pyrazoles. Helv Chim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201100509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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32
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Dings RPM, Miller MC, Nesmelova I, Astorgues-Xerri L, Kumar N, Serova M, Chen X, Raymond E, Hoye TR, Mayo KH. Antitumor agent calixarene 0118 targets human galectin-1 as an allosteric inhibitor of carbohydrate binding. J Med Chem 2012; 55:5121-9. [PMID: 22575017 DOI: 10.1021/jm300014q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Calix[4]arene compound 0118 is an angiostatic agent that inhibits tumor growth in mice. Although 0118 is a topomimetic of galectin-1-targeting angiostatic amphipathic peptide Anginex, we had yet to prove that 0118 targets galectin-1. Galectin-1 is involved in pathological disorders like tumor endothelial cell adhesion and migration and therefore presents a relevant target for therapeutic intervention against cancer. Here, (15)N-(1)H HSQC NMR spectroscopy demonstrates that 0118 indeed targets galectin-1 at a site away from the lectin's carbohydrate binding site and thereby attenuates lactose binding to the lectin. Flow cytometry and agglutination assays show that 0118 attenuates binding of galectin-1 to cell surface glycans, and the inhibition of cell proliferation by 0118 is found to be correlated with the cellular expression of the lectin. In general, our data indicate that 0118 targets galectin-1 as an allosteric inhibitor of glycan/carbohydrate binding. This work contributes to the clinical development of antitumor calixarene compound 0118.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruud P M Dings
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Biophysics, University of Minnesota Health Sciences Center, 6-155 Jackson Hall, 321 Church Street, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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Sato S, Ouellet M, St-Pierre C, Tremblay MJ. Glycans, galectins, and HIV-1 infection. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2012; 1253:133-48. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06475.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Galectin-1-specific inhibitors as a new class of compounds to treat HIV-1 infection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2011; 56:154-62. [PMID: 22064534 DOI: 10.1128/aac.05595-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite significant improvements, antiretroviral therapies against HIV-1 are plagued by a high frequency of therapeutic failures that have been associated with acquisition of drug resistance. We recently reported that HIV-1 exploits a host glycan binding protein, galectin-1, to increase its attachment to host cells, thereby increasing its overall infectivity in susceptible cells. This finding suggests that host molecules such as galectin-1 could reduce the expected efficiency of HIV-1 drugs targeting early steps of the replicative cycle, such as attachment and entry processes. Thus, new classes of drugs that would interfere with galectin-1/HIV-1 interactions could benefit the current antiretroviral therapy. To further explore this possibility, experiments were conducted to discover leading compounds showing specific inhibition of galectin-1 activity in a cellular model of HIV-1 infection. Three lactoside compounds were found to modestly inhibit the interaction of galectin-1 with primary human CD4(+) T cells. Interestingly, these same inhibitors reduced the galectin-1-mediated increase in HIV-1 attachment to target cells in a much more efficient manner. More important, the tested lactoside derivatives also significantly decreased the galectin-1-dependent enhancement of HIV-1 infection. These observations deserve further attention when considering that the development of new drugs to prevent and treat HIV-1 infection remains a priority.
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Synthesis of a small library of bivalent α-d-mannopyranosides for lectin cross-linking. Carbohydr Res 2011; 346:1479-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2011.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2011] [Revised: 03/25/2011] [Accepted: 03/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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36
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Nyuchev AV, Sharonova EA, Lenshina NA, Shavyrin AS, Lopatin MA, Balalaeva IV, Beletskaya IP, Fedorov AY. Synthesis of fluorescent coumarin triazolylglycosides. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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37
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Cagnoni AJ, Varela O, Gouin SG, Kovensky J, Uhrig ML. Synthesis of Multivalent Glycoclusters from 1-Thio-β-d-galactose and Their Inhibitory Activity against the β-Galactosidase from E. coli. J Org Chem 2011; 76:3064-77. [DOI: 10.1021/jo102421e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro J. Cagnoni
- CIHIDECAR-CONICET, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Oscar Varela
- CIHIDECAR-CONICET, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sébastien G. Gouin
- LABORATOIRE DES GLUCIDES-CNRS, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - José Kovensky
- LABORATOIRE DES GLUCIDES-CNRS, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - María Laura Uhrig
- CIHIDECAR-CONICET, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Giguère D, André S, Bonin MA, Bellefleur MA, Provencal A, Cloutier P, Pucci B, Roy R, Gabius HJ. Inhibitory potential of chemical substitutions at bioinspired sites of β-D-galactopyranose on neoglycoprotein/cell surface binding of two classes of medically relevant lectins. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:3280-7. [PMID: 21524586 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2010] [Revised: 03/04/2011] [Accepted: 03/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Galactose is the key contact site for plant AB-toxins and the human adhesion/growth-regulatory galectins. Natural anomeric extensions and 3'-substitutions enhance its reactivity, thus prompting us to test the potential of respective chemical substitutions of galactose in the quest to develop potent inhibitors. Biochemical screening of a respective glycoside library with 60 substances in a solid-phase assay was followed by examining the compounds' activity to protect cells from lectin binding. By testing 32 anomeric extensions, 18 compounds with additional 3'-substitution, three lactosides and two Lewis-type trisaccharides rather mild effects compared to the common haptenic inhibitor lactose were detected in both assays. When using trivalent glycoclusters marked enhancements with 6- to 8-fold increases were revealed for the toxin and three of four tested galectins. Since the most potent compound and also 3'-substituted thiogalactosides reduced cell growth of a human tumor line at millimolar concentrations, biocompatible substitutions and scaffolds will be required for further developments. The synthesis of suitable glycoclusters, presenting headgroups which exploit differences in ligand selection in interlectin comparison to reduce cross-reactivity, and the documented strategic combination of initial biochemical screening with cell assays are considered instrumental to advance inhibitor design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Giguère
- PharmaQAM, Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, Canada
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39
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Gouin SG, García Fernández JM, Vanquelef E, Dupradeau FY, Salomonsson E, Leffler H, Ortega-Muñoz M, Nilsson UJ, Kovensky J. Multimeric Lactoside “Click Clusters” as Tools to Investigate the Effect of Linker Length in Specific Interactions with Peanut Lectin, Galectin-1, and -3. Chembiochem 2010; 11:1430-42. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201000167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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40
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Abstract
Initial binding of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) to its susceptible CD4(+) cells is the limiting step for the establishment of infection as the avidity of viral envelope gp120 for CD4 is not high and the number of viral envelope spikes on the surface is found to be low compared to highly infectious viruses. Several host factors, such as C-type lectins, are listed as being able to enforce or facilitate the crucial interaction of HIV-1 to the susceptible cell. Recent works suggest that a host soluble beta-galactoside-binding lectin, galectin-1, also facilitates both virion binding and the infection of target cells in a manner dependent on lactose but not mannose, suggesting that this soluble galectin can be considered as a host factor that influences HIV-1 pathogenesis. In this chapter, we describe methods used to investigate the potential role of the galectin family in HIV-1-mediated disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian St-Pierre
- Glycobiology and Bioimaging Laboratory, Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
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41
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André S, Giguère D, Dam TK, Brewer F, Gabius HJ, Roy R. Synthesis and screening of a small glycomimetic library for inhibitory activity on medically relevant galactoside-specific lectins in assays of increasing biorelevance. NEW J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0nj00277a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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42
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Wéber E, Hetényi A, Váczi B, Szolnoki É, Fajka-Boja R, Tubak V, Monostori É, Martinek TA. Galectin-1-Asialofetuin Interaction Is Inhibited by Peptides Containing the Tyr-Xxx-Tyr Motif Acting on the Glycoprotein. Chembiochem 2009; 11:228-34. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200900502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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43
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Sato S, St-Pierre C, Bhaumik P, Nieminen J. Galectins in innate immunity: dual functions of host soluble beta-galactoside-binding lectins as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and as receptors for pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Immunol Rev 2009; 230:172-87. [PMID: 19594636 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.2009.00790.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The glycocalyx is a glycan layer found on the surfaces of host cells as well as microorganisms and enveloped virus. Its thickness may easily exceed 50 nm. The glycocalyx does not only serve as a physical protective barrier but also contains various structurally different glycans, which provide cell- or microorganism-specific 'glycoinformation'. This information is decoded by host glycan-binding proteins, lectins. The roles of lectins in innate immunity are well established, as exemplified by collectins, dectin-1, and dendritic cell (DC)-specific intracellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN). These mammalian lectins are synthesized in the secretory pathway and presented on the cell surface to bind to specific glycan 'epitopes'. As they recognize non-self glycans presented by microorganisms, they can be considered as receptors for pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), i.e. pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). One notable exception is the galectin family. Galectins are synthesized and stored in the cytoplasm, but upon infection-initiated tissue damage and/or following prolonged infection, cytosolic galectins are either passively released by dying cells or actively secreted by inflammatory activated cells through a non-classical pathway, the 'leaderless' secretory pathway. Once exported, galectins act as PRR, as well as immunomodulators (or cytokine-like modulators) in the innate response to some infectious diseases. As galectins are dominantly found in the lesions where pathogen-initiated tissue damage signals appear, this lectin family is also considered as potential damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) candidates that orchestrate innate immune responses alongside the PAMP system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Sato
- Glycobiology Laboratory, Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, QC, Canada.
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44
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Giguère D, Patnam R, Juarez-Ruiz JM, Neault M, Roy R. Catalytic synthesis of novel 4-C-glycosyl coumarins using a domino Heck reaction/lactonization process. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.04.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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45
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Camponovo J, Hadad C, Ruiz J, Cloutet E, Gatard S, Muzart J, Bouquillon S, Astruc D. “Click” Glycodendrimers Containing 27, 81, and 243 Modified Xylopyranoside Termini. J Org Chem 2009; 74:5071-4. [DOI: 10.1021/jo900554b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Camponovo
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM), UMR CNRS No. 5255, Université Bordeaux I, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence Cedex, France, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire (ICMR), UMR CNRS No. 6229, UFR Sciences, Université Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039 boite no. 44, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France, and Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO), UMR CNRS No. 5629, Université Bordeaux 1, ENSCPB, 16 Avenue Pey Berland 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Caroline Hadad
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM), UMR CNRS No. 5255, Université Bordeaux I, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence Cedex, France, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire (ICMR), UMR CNRS No. 6229, UFR Sciences, Université Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039 boite no. 44, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France, and Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO), UMR CNRS No. 5629, Université Bordeaux 1, ENSCPB, 16 Avenue Pey Berland 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Jaime Ruiz
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM), UMR CNRS No. 5255, Université Bordeaux I, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence Cedex, France, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire (ICMR), UMR CNRS No. 6229, UFR Sciences, Université Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039 boite no. 44, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France, and Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO), UMR CNRS No. 5629, Université Bordeaux 1, ENSCPB, 16 Avenue Pey Berland 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Eric Cloutet
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM), UMR CNRS No. 5255, Université Bordeaux I, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence Cedex, France, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire (ICMR), UMR CNRS No. 6229, UFR Sciences, Université Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039 boite no. 44, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France, and Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO), UMR CNRS No. 5629, Université Bordeaux 1, ENSCPB, 16 Avenue Pey Berland 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Sylvain Gatard
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM), UMR CNRS No. 5255, Université Bordeaux I, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence Cedex, France, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire (ICMR), UMR CNRS No. 6229, UFR Sciences, Université Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039 boite no. 44, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France, and Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO), UMR CNRS No. 5629, Université Bordeaux 1, ENSCPB, 16 Avenue Pey Berland 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Jacques Muzart
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM), UMR CNRS No. 5255, Université Bordeaux I, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence Cedex, France, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire (ICMR), UMR CNRS No. 6229, UFR Sciences, Université Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039 boite no. 44, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France, and Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO), UMR CNRS No. 5629, Université Bordeaux 1, ENSCPB, 16 Avenue Pey Berland 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Sandrine Bouquillon
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM), UMR CNRS No. 5255, Université Bordeaux I, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence Cedex, France, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire (ICMR), UMR CNRS No. 6229, UFR Sciences, Université Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039 boite no. 44, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France, and Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO), UMR CNRS No. 5629, Université Bordeaux 1, ENSCPB, 16 Avenue Pey Berland 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Didier Astruc
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM), UMR CNRS No. 5255, Université Bordeaux I, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence Cedex, France, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire (ICMR), UMR CNRS No. 6229, UFR Sciences, Université Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039 boite no. 44, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France, and Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO), UMR CNRS No. 5629, Université Bordeaux 1, ENSCPB, 16 Avenue Pey Berland 33607 Pessac, France
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Tejler J, Salameh B, Leffler H, Nilsson UJ. Fragment-based development of triazole-substituted O-galactosyl aldoximes with fragment-induced affinity and selectivity for galectin-3. Org Biomol Chem 2009; 7:3982-90. [DOI: 10.1039/b909091f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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47
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Patil PR, Ravindranathan Kartha KP. Solvent-Free Mechanochemical Synthesis of Aryl Glycosides[1]. J Carbohydr Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/07328300802402259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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48
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Synthesis of stable and selective inhibitors of human galectins-1 and -3. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:7811-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.06.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2008] [Revised: 06/23/2008] [Accepted: 06/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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49
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Saussez S, Camby I, Toubeau G, Kiss R. Galectins as modulators of tumor progression in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Head Neck 2007; 29:874-84. [PMID: 17315170 DOI: 10.1002/hed.20559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) remain a significant cause of morbidity worldwide. Biological therapies able to induce and/or upregulate antitumor immune responses could represent a complementary approach to conventional treatments for patients with HNSCC because, despite advances in surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, the overall survival rates for these patients have not changed over recent decades. Galectins are involved in the control of cell proliferation, cell death, and cell migration and in the modulation of various functions of the immune system. In this context, galectin-1 is known to protect HNSCCs from the immune system. The present review details the involvement of galectins in HNSCC biology and suggests a number of approaches to reduce the levels of expression of galectin-1 in HNSCCs, with the aim of improving the efficiency of HNSCC immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Saussez
- Laboratory of Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons-Hainaut, Belgium
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50
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Scott SA, Scott K, Blanchard H. Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of recombinant human galectin-1. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 2007; 63:967-71. [PMID: 18007053 PMCID: PMC2339748 DOI: 10.1107/s1744309107050142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2007] [Accepted: 10/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Galectin-1 is considered to be a regulator protein as it is ubiquitously expressed throughout the adult body and is responsible for a broad range of cellular regulatory functions. Interest in galectin-1 from a drug-design perspective is founded on evidence of its overexpression by many cancers and its immunomodulatory properties. The development of galectin-1-specific inhibitors is a rational approach to the fight against cancer because although galectin-1 induces a plethora of effects, null mice appear normal. X-ray crystallographic structure determination will aid the structure-based design of galectin-1 inhibitors. Here, the crystallization and preliminary diffraction analysis of human galectin-1 crystals generated under six different conditions is reported. X-ray diffraction data enabled the assignment of unit-cell parameters for crystals grown under two conditions, one belongs to a tetragonal crystal system and the other was determined as monoclinic P2(1), representing two new crystal forms of human galectin-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy A. Scott
- Institute for Glycomics, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Ken Scott
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Helen Blanchard
- Institute for Glycomics, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Queensland 4222, Australia
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