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Hamilton AJ, Payne AD, Mocerino M, Gunosewoyo H. Imaging Cannabinoid Receptors: A Brief Collection of Covalent and Fluorescent Probes for CB1 and CB2 Receptors. Aust J Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1071/ch21007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
There has been an expanding public interest towards the notion that modulation of the sophisticated endocannabinoid system can lead to various therapeutic benefits that are yet to be fully explored. In recent years, the drug discovery paradigm in this field has been largely based on the development of selective CB2 receptor agonists, avoiding the unwanted CB1 receptor-mediated psychoactive side effects. Mechanistically, target engagement studies are crucial for confirming the ligand–receptor interaction and the subsequent biological cascades that lead to the observed therapeutic effects. Concurrently, imaging techniques for visualisation of cannabinoid receptors are increasingly reported in the literature. Small molecule imaging tools ranging from phytocannabinoids such as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) to the endocannabinoids as well as the purely synthetic cannabimimetics, have been explored to date with varying degrees of success. This Review will cover currently known photoactivatable, electrophilic, and fluorescent ligands for both the CB1 and CB2 receptors. Structural insights from techniques such as ligand-assisted protein structure (LAPS) and the discovery of novel allosteric modulators are significant additions for better understanding of the endocannabinoid system. There has also been a plethora of fluorescent conjugates that have been assessed for their binding to cannabinoid receptors as well as their potential for cellular imaging. More recently, bifunctional probes containing either fluorophores or electrophilic tags are becoming more prevalent in the literature. Collectively, these molecular tools are invaluable in demonstrating target engagement within the human endocannabinoid system.
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Kalin TN, Kilic D, Arslan F, Colak O, Altundas A. Synthesis, molecular modeling studies, ADME prediction of arachidonic acid carbamate derivatives, and evaluation of their acetylcholinesterase activity. Drug Dev Res 2019; 81:232-241. [PMID: 31758816 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a series of novel anandamide units containing carbamate were designed and synthesized. All the derivatives were evaluated in vitro for their inhibitory potential against the electric eel acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) and showed reversible inhibitions. The compounds 7a, 7d, 7e, and 7f are mixed inhibitors of AChE, while the compounds 7b, 7c, and 7g are uncompetitive (Ki in the range 0.93-8.86 μM). The kinetic studies revealed that compounds 7b, 7c, 7f, and 7g inhibit considerably AChE activity. Molecular docking analyses were made to evaluate the binding type and interactions of the synthesized compounds to the ligand-binding site of hAChE. It was observed that the docking results were in parallel with the in vitro results. The adsorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion properties were computed for the compounds, and were found within the acceptable range. This study suggests the compounds 7b, 7c, 7f, and 7g identified as novel reversible AChE inhibitors may be useful lead compounds for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugce N Kalin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Deryanur Kilic
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatma Arslan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Colak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aliye Altundas
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Balas L, Durand T, Saha S, Johnson I, Mukhopadhyay S. Total Synthesis of Photoactivatable or Fluorescent Anandamide Probes: Novel Bioactive Compounds with Angiogenic Activity. J Med Chem 2009; 52:1005-17. [DOI: 10.1021/jm8011382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Balas
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247 CNRS, Université de Montpellier I and Université de Montpellier II, 15, Av. Ch. Flahault, F-34093 Montpellier Cedex 05, France, Neuroscience Research Program, JLC-Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, 700 George Street, Durham, North Carolina 27707, and Department of Chemistry, Division of Biochemistry, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina 27707
| | - Thierry Durand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247 CNRS, Université de Montpellier I and Université de Montpellier II, 15, Av. Ch. Flahault, F-34093 Montpellier Cedex 05, France, Neuroscience Research Program, JLC-Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, 700 George Street, Durham, North Carolina 27707, and Department of Chemistry, Division of Biochemistry, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina 27707
| | - Sattyabrata Saha
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247 CNRS, Université de Montpellier I and Université de Montpellier II, 15, Av. Ch. Flahault, F-34093 Montpellier Cedex 05, France, Neuroscience Research Program, JLC-Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, 700 George Street, Durham, North Carolina 27707, and Department of Chemistry, Division of Biochemistry, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina 27707
| | - Inneke Johnson
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247 CNRS, Université de Montpellier I and Université de Montpellier II, 15, Av. Ch. Flahault, F-34093 Montpellier Cedex 05, France, Neuroscience Research Program, JLC-Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, 700 George Street, Durham, North Carolina 27707, and Department of Chemistry, Division of Biochemistry, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina 27707
| | - Somnath Mukhopadhyay
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247 CNRS, Université de Montpellier I and Université de Montpellier II, 15, Av. Ch. Flahault, F-34093 Montpellier Cedex 05, France, Neuroscience Research Program, JLC-Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, 700 George Street, Durham, North Carolina 27707, and Department of Chemistry, Division of Biochemistry, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina 27707
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Urbach A, Muccioli GG, Stern E, Lambert DM, Marchand-Brynaert J. 3-Alkenyl-2-azetidinones as fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:4163-7. [PMID: 18547805 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.05.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2008] [Revised: 05/19/2008] [Accepted: 05/20/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel 2-azetidinones (beta-lactams) bearing short alkenyl chains at C3 and N1 have been prepared and evaluated in vitro as inhibitors of human FAAH. Compound 9c (1-(4'-pentenoyl-3-(4'-pentenyl)-2-azetidinone)) featured an IC(50) value of 4.5 microM and a good selectivity for FAAH versus MGL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan Urbach
- Unité de chimie organique et médicinale, Université catholique de Louvain, Bâtiment Lavoisier, Place Louis Pasteur n degrees 1, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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