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de Ceuninck van Capelle LA, Wales SM, Macdonald JM, Kruger M, Richardson C, Gardiner MG, Hyland CJT. Synthesis and Atropisomeric Properties of Benzoazepine-Fused Isoindoles. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37326851 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Atropisomeric, bench-stable benzoazepine-fused isoindoles were synthesized via oxidation from isoindoline precursors. Using the isoindoles 5d-f as models, the stereochemistry and conformational folding of the systems were examined. Chiral UHPLC was used to analyze the rate of racemization and calculate the Gibbs free energy of enantiomerization (ΔG‡Enant). X-ray crystallography, 1H NMR spectroscopy, and DFT calculations were used to elucidate the three axes of chirality and clarify the structural factors contributing to ΔG‡Enant. Tandem rotation around the axes of chirality precludes the formation of diastereomers, with rotational restriction of the Caryl-Nsulfonamide bond determined as the moderator of atropisomeric stability in the system, affected primarily by steric hindrance as well as by π-stacking interactions facilitated by the folded conformation of the sulfonamide over the isoindole moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillian A de Ceuninck van Capelle
- Molecular Horizons Research Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Steven M Wales
- Molecular Horizons Research Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - James M Macdonald
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Biomedical Manufacturing Program, Bag 10, Clayton South, Melbourne, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Megan Kruger
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Materials Characterisation and Modelling Program, Bag 10, Clayton South, Melbourne, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Christopher Richardson
- Molecular Horizons Research Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Michael G Gardiner
- School of Physical Sciences-Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Christopher J T Hyland
- Molecular Horizons Research Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
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Yu H, Shao J, Chen D, Wang L, Yang W. Aromatic thioketone-mediated radical polymerization of methacrylates and the preparation of amphiphilic quasi-block copolymers. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00322k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
TfXT exhibits strong ability to control radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate and has been used in preparing amphiphilic quasi-block copolymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Yu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
| | - Jianwei Shao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
| | - Dong Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
| | - Li Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
| | - Wantai Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
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Controlled Radical Polymerization of Styrene Mediated by Xanthene-9-thione and Its Derivatives. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-018-2153-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Thimmaraju N, Mohamed Shamshuddin SZ, Pratap SR, Raja K. Efficient microwave synthesis of novel aromatic esters catalyzed by zirconia and its modified forms: a kinetic study. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra20430e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of solid acids such as ZrO2, 5%Mo(vi)/ZrO2, 10%Mo(vi)/ZrO2, 20%Mo(vi)/ZrO2 and SO42−/ZrO2 were prepared, characterised and used as catalysts in the synthesis of novel esters under microwave irradiation condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Thimmaraju
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- HMS Institute of Technology
- Tumkur-572104, India
- Research and Development Center
- Bharathiar University
| | - S. Z. Mohamed Shamshuddin
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- HMS Institute of Technology
- Tumkur-572104, India
- Research and Development Center
- Bharathiar University
| | - S. R. Pratap
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- HMS Institute of Technology
- Tumkur-572104, India
- Research and Development Center
- Bharathiar University
| | - K. Raja
- Department of Chemistry
- Bangalore University
- Bangalore, India
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Heugebaert TSA, Roman BI, Stevens CV. Synthesis of isoindoles and related iso-condensed heteroaromatic pyrroles. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:5626-40. [PMID: 22782188 DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35093a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few years, isoindoles have found wide application in materials science. Isoindole containing BODIPY dyes are highly fluorescent materials and have been extensively used in various fields of science. Phthalocyanines, metal containing cyclic tetramers of isoindole, form coordination complexes with most elements of the periodic table. These complexes are intensely coloured and are used as pigments and dyes. However, isoindoles are relatively unstable 10π-heteroaromatic systems and few synthetic methods provide these compounds in good yields. This tutorial review will give an overview of the reported synthetic methods towards isoindoles and related heteroaromatic systems over a time span of approximately 10 years (2000 to current), including the applications where they have been reported. The importance of the field will be illustrated and factors influencing product stability will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas S A Heugebaert
- Research Group SynBioC, Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
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Christodoulou A, Kostakis IK, Kourafalos V, Pouli N, Marakos P, Trougakos IP, Tsitsilonis OE. Design, synthesis and antiproliferative activity of novel aminosubstituted benzothiopyranoisoindoles. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:3110-2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2011] [Revised: 03/04/2011] [Accepted: 03/05/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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