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StackPR is a new computational approach for large-scale identification of progesterone receptor antagonists using the stacking strategy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16435. [PMID: 36180453 PMCID: PMC9525257 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20143-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Progesterone receptors (PRs) are implicated in various cancers since their presence/absence can determine clinical outcomes. The overstimulation of progesterone can facilitate oncogenesis and thus, its modulation through PR inhibition is urgently needed. To address this issue, a novel stacked ensemble learning approach (termed StackPR) is presented for fast, accurate, and large-scale identification of PR antagonists using only SMILES notation without the need for 3D structural information. We employed six popular machine learning (ML) algorithms (i.e., logistic regression, partial least squares, k-nearest neighbor, support vector machine, extremely randomized trees, and random forest) coupled with twelve conventional molecular descriptors to create 72 baseline models. Then, a genetic algorithm in conjunction with the self-assessment-report approach was utilized to determine m out of the 72 baseline models as means of developing the final meta-predictor using the stacking strategy and tenfold cross-validation test. Experimental results on the independent test dataset show that StackPR achieved impressive predictive performance with an accuracy of 0.966 and Matthew’s coefficient correlation of 0.925. In addition, analysis based on the SHapley Additive exPlanation algorithm and molecular docking indicates that aliphatic hydrocarbons and nitrogen-containing substructures were the most important features for having PR antagonist activity. Finally, we implemented an online webserver using StackPR, which is freely accessible at http://pmlabstack.pythonanywhere.com/StackPR. StackPR is anticipated to be a powerful computational tool for the large-scale identification of unknown PR antagonist candidates for follow-up experimental validation.
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DeBono A, Thomas DR, Lundberg L, Pinkham C, Cao Y, Graham JD, Clarke CL, Wagstaff KM, Shechter S, Kehn-Hall K, Jans DA. Novel RU486 (mifepristone) analogues with increased activity against Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus but reduced progesterone receptor antagonistic activity. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2634. [PMID: 30796232 PMCID: PMC6385310 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38671-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There are currently no therapeutics to treat infection with the alphavirus Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV), which causes flu-like symptoms leading to neurological symptoms in up to 14% of cases. Large outbreaks of VEEV can result in 10,000 s of human cases and mass equine death. We previously showed that mifepristone (RU486) has anti-VEEV activity (EC50 = 20 μM) and only limited cytotoxicity (CC50 > 100 μM), but a limitation in its use is its abortifacient activity resulting from its ability to antagonize the progesterone receptor (PR). Here we generate a suite of new mifepristone analogues with enhanced antiviral properties, succeeding in achieving >11-fold improvement in anti-VEEV activity with no detectable increase in toxicity. Importantly, we were able to derive a lead compound with an EC50 of 7.2 µM and no detectable PR antagonism activity. Finally, based on our SAR analysis we propose avenues for the further development of these analogues as safe and effective anti-VEEV agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron DeBono
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - David R Thomas
- Nuclear Signaling Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lindsay Lundberg
- National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, USA
| | - Chelsea Pinkham
- National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, USA
| | - Ying Cao
- Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - J Dinny Graham
- Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Christine L Clarke
- Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Kylie M Wagstaff
- Nuclear Signaling Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Kylene Kehn-Hall
- National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, USA
| | - David A Jans
- Nuclear Signaling Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
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Kakkar S, Narasimhan B. A comprehensive review on biological activities of oxazole derivatives. BMC Chem 2019; 13:16. [PMID: 31384765 PMCID: PMC6661760 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-019-0531-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The utility of oxazole as intermediates for the synthesis of new chemical entities in medicinal chemistry have been increased in the past few years. Oxazole is an important heterocyclic nucleus having a wide spectrum of biological activities which drew the attention of researchers round the globe to synthesize various oxazole derivatives and screen them for their various biological activities. The present review article aims to review the work reported on therapeutic potentials of oxazole scaffolds which are valuable for medical applications during new millennium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saloni Kakkar
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001 India
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Kakkar S, Kumar S, Lim SM, Ramasamy K, Mani V, Shah SAA, Narasimhan B. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 3-(2-aminooxazol-5-yl)-2H-chromen-2-one derivatives. Chem Cent J 2018; 12:130. [PMID: 30515643 PMCID: PMC6768039 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-018-0499-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In view of wide range of biological activities of oxazole, a new series of oxazole analogues was synthesized and its chemical structures were confirmed by spectral data (Proton/Carbon-NMR, IR, MS etc.). The synthesized oxazole derivatives were screened for their antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The antimicrobial activity was performed against selected fungal and bacterial strains using tube dilution method. The antiproliferative potential was evaluated against human colorectal carcinoma (HCT116) and oestrogen- positive human breast carcinoma (MCF7) cancer cell lines using Sulforhodamine B assay and, results were compared to standard drugs, 5-fluorouracil and tamoxifen, respectively. CONCLUSION The performed antimicrobial activity indicated that compounds 3, 5, 6, 8 and 14 showed promising activity against selected microbial species. Antiproliferative screening found compound 14 to be the most potent compound against HCT116 (IC50 = 71.8 µM), whereas Compound 6 was the most potent against MCF7 (IC50 = 74.1 µM). Further, the molecular docking study has been carried to find out the interaction between active oxazole compounds with CDK8 (HCT116) and ER-α (MCF7) proteins indicated that compound 14 and 6 showed good dock score with better potency within the ATP binding pocket and may be used as a lead for rational drug designing of the anticancer molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saloni Kakkar
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Sanjiv Kumar
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Siong Meng Lim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, 42300, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.,Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group, Pharmaceutical Life Sciences Community of Research, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Kalavathy Ramasamy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, 42300, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.,Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group, Pharmaceutical Life Sciences Community of Research, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Vasudevan Mani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraidah, 51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Adnan Ali Shah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, 42300, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.,Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Products Discovery (AuRIns), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), PuncakAlam Campus, 42300, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Yu J, Yang H, Fu H. Transition Metal-Free Trifluoromethylation ofN-Allylamides with Sodium Trifluoromethanesulfinate: Synthesis of Trifluoromethyl-Containing Oxazolines. Adv Synth Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201400144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Blanco-Ania D, Aben RWM, van Berkom LWA, Scheeren HW, Rutjes FPJT. High-Pressure-Mediated Extension of the Privileged Steroid Scaffold. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201301511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Nickisch K, Elger W, Cessac J, Kesavaram N, Das B, Garfield R, Shi SQ, Amelkina O, Meister R. Synthesis and biological evaluation of partially fluorinated antiprogestins and mesoprogestins. Steroids 2013. [PMID: 23178161 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2012.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A series of antiprogestins have been synthesized by partially fluorinating the steroid molecule in positions relevant for receptor binding. By introducing fluorine at the exo-methylene of the 17 spirofuran ring, we obtained partial agonists (mesoprogestins) with significant applications for antiproliferative and antiovulatory treatment strategies in gynecological therapy such as uterine fibroids, endometriosis and heavy menstrual bleeding. Compared to the standard drug RU486, our synthesized compounds exhibited considerable dissociation between antiprogestational and antiglucocorticoid PR receptors. Furthermore, our studies have shown that pure antiprogestins can be generated by partially fluorinating the 17 propenyl and propynl group or by substituting the 4' acetyl phenyl group in the 11 position using trifluromethyl group.
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Zhou W, Xie C, Han J, Pan Y. Catalyst-Free Intramolecular Oxidative Cyclization of N-Allylbenzamides: A New Route to 2,5-Substituted Oxazoles. Org Lett 2012; 14:4766-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol302031z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Coordination, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Chen Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Coordination, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Jianlin Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Coordination, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yi Pan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Coordination, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
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Synthesis and antihormonal properties of novel 11β-benzoxazole-substituted steroids. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 22:1705-8. [PMID: 22260770 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.12.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2011] [Revised: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Early studies led to the identification of 11β-aryl-4',5'-dihydrospiro[estra-4,9-diene-17β,4'-oxazole] analogs with potent and more selective antiprogestational activity compared to antiglucocorticoid activity than mifepristone. In the present study, we replaced the 4'-dimethylaminophenyl group of mifepristone with the benzoxazol group to give 5a-d. We also prepared the 17β-formamido analogs 6a,b using a new synthetic strategy via the intermediate epoxide 21. These compounds were evaluated for their antagonist hormonal properties using the T47D cell-based alkaline phosphatase assay and the A549 cell-based functional assay. Compound 5c showed potent antagonist activity at GR with better selectivity for GR versus PR than mifepristone and is a promising lead for further development.
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Meng X, Kim S. Tungsten and molybdenum catalyst-mediated cyclisation of N-propargyl amides. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:4429-31. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob05512g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Mifepristone increases gamma-retroviral infection efficiency by enhancing the integration of virus into the genome of infected cells. Gene Ther 2010; 17:1253-61. [PMID: 20485384 PMCID: PMC2927725 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2010.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Gamma-retroviruses are commonly used to deliver genes to cells. Previously, we demonstrated that the synthetic anti-glucocorticoid and anti-progestin agent, mifepristone, increased gamma-retroviral infection efficiency in different target cells, independent of viral titer. In this study, we examine how this occurs. We studied the effect of mifepristone on different steps of viral infection (viral entry, viral survival, viral DNA synthesis and retrovirus integration into the host genome) in three distinct retroviral backbones using different virus recognition receptors. We also tested the potential role of glucocorticoid and progesterone receptors in mediating mifepristone's ability to increase gamma-retroviral infectivity. We show that mifepristone increases gamma-retroviral infection efficiency by facilitating viral integration into the host genome and that this effect seems to be due to mifepristone's anti-glucocorticoid, but not its anti-progestin, activity. These results suggest that inhibition of the glucocorticoid receptor enhances retroviral integration into the host genome and indicates that cells may have a natural protection again retroviral infection that may be reduced by glucocorticoid receptor antagonists.
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