1
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Marcum JS, McGarry KA, Ferber CJ, Clark TB. Synthesis of Biaryl Ethers by the Copper-Catalyzed Chan–Evans–Lam Etherification from Benzylic Amine Boronate Esters. J Org Chem 2016; 81:7963-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Justin S. Marcum
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of San Diego, 5998 Alcalá Park, San Diego, California 92110, United States
| | - Kathryn A. McGarry
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of San Diego, 5998 Alcalá Park, San Diego, California 92110, United States
| | - Carl J. Ferber
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of San Diego, 5998 Alcalá Park, San Diego, California 92110, United States
| | - Timothy B. Clark
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of San Diego, 5998 Alcalá Park, San Diego, California 92110, United States
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2
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McLaughlin G, Morris N, Kavanagh PV, Power JD, O'Brien J, Talbot B, Elliott SP, Wallach J, Hoang K, Morris H, Brandt SD. Test purchase, synthesis, and characterization of 2-methoxydiphenidine (MXP) and differentiation from its meta- and para-substituted isomers. Drug Test Anal 2015; 8:98-109. [PMID: 25873326 DOI: 10.1002/dta.1800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The structurally diverse nature of the 1,2-diphenylethylamine template provides access to a range of substances for drug discovery work but some have attracted attention as 'research chemicals'. The most recent examples include diphenidine, i.e. 1-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperidine and 2-methoxydiphenidine, i.e. 1-[1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-2-phenylethyl]piperidine (MXP, methoxyphenidine, 2-MXP) that have been associated with uncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist activity. Analytical challenges encountered during chemical analysis include the presence of positional isomers. Three powdered samples suspected to contain 2-MXP were obtained from three Internet retailers in the United Kingdom and subjected to analytical characterization by gas chromatography (GC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to various forms of mass spectrometry (MS). Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy and thin layer chromatography were also employed. This was supported by the synthesis of all three isomers (2-, 3- and 4-MXP) by two different synthetic routes. The analytical data obtained for the three purchased samples were consistent with the synthesized 2-MXP standard and the differentiation between the isomers was possible. Distinct stability differences were observed for all three isomers during in-source collision-induced dissociation of the protonated molecule when employing detection under HPLC selected-ion monitoring detection, which added to the ability to differentiate between them. Furthermore, the analysis of a 2-MXP tablet by matrix assisted inlet ionization Orbitrap mass spectrometry confirmed that it was possible to detect the protonated molecule of 2-MXP directly from the tablet surface following addition of 3-nitrobenzonitrile as the matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin McLaughlin
- Department of Life and Physical Sciences, School of Science, Athlone Institute of Technology, Dublin Road, Westmeath, Ireland.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St. James Hospital, Dublin, 8, Ireland
| | - Noreen Morris
- Department of Life and Physical Sciences, School of Science, Athlone Institute of Technology, Dublin Road, Westmeath, Ireland
| | - Pierce V Kavanagh
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St. James Hospital, Dublin, 8, Ireland
| | - John D Power
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St. James Hospital, Dublin, 8, Ireland
| | - John O'Brien
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College, Dublin, 2, Ireland
| | - Brian Talbot
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin, 2, Ireland
| | - Simon P Elliott
- ROAR Forensics, Malvern Hills Science Park, Geraldine Road, WR14 3SZ, UK
| | - Jason Wallach
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Khoa Hoang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Hamilton Morris
- The New School for Social Research, Department of Anthropology, 66 West 12th Street, NY, 10011, New York, USA
| | - Simon D Brandt
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
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3
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Lee WG, Gallardo-Macias R, Frey KM, Spasov KA, Bollini M, Anderson KS, Jorgensen WL. Picomolar inhibitors of HIV reverse transcriptase featuring bicyclic replacement of a cyanovinylphenyl group. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:16705-13. [PMID: 24151856 PMCID: PMC3877923 DOI: 10.1021/ja408917n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Members of the catechol diether class are highly potent non-nucleoside inhibitors of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (NNRTIs). The most active compounds yield EC50 values below 0.5 nM in assays using human T-cells infected by wild-type HIV-1. However, these compounds such as rilpivirine, the most recently FDA-approved NNRTI, bear a cyanovinylphenyl (CVP) group. This is an uncommon substructure in drugs that gives reactivity concerns. In the present work, computer simulations were used to design bicyclic replacements for the CVP group. The predicted viability of a 2-cyanoindolizinyl alternative was confirmed experimentally and provided compounds with 0.4 nM activity against the wild-type virus. The compounds also performed well with EC50 values of 10 nM against the challenging HIV-1 variant that contains the Lys103Asn/Tyr181Cys double mutation in the RT enzyme. Indolyl and benzofuranyl analogues were also investigated; the most potent compounds in these cases have EC50 values toward wild-type HIV-1 near 10 nM and high-nanomolar activities toward the double-variant. The structural expectations from the modeling were much enhanced by obtaining an X-ray crystal structure at 2.88 Å resolution for the complex of the parent 2-cyanoindolizine 10b and HIV-1 RT. The aqueous solubilities of the most potent indolizine analogues were also measured to be ~40 μg/mL, which is similar to that for the approved drug efavirenz and ~1000-fold greater than for rilpivirine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Gil Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107
| | | | - Kathleen M. Frey
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8066
| | - Krasimir A. Spasov
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8066
| | - Mariela Bollini
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107
| | - Karen S. Anderson
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8066
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4
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Bavetsias V, Crumpler S, Sun C, Avery S, Atrash B, Faisal A, Moore AS, Kosmopoulou M, Brown N, Sheldrake PW, Bush K, Henley A, Box G, Valenti M, de Haven Brandon A, Raynaud FI, Workman P, Eccles SA, Bayliss R, Linardopoulos S, Blagg J. Optimization of imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine-based kinase inhibitors: identification of a dual FLT3/Aurora kinase inhibitor as an orally bioavailable preclinical development candidate for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. J Med Chem 2012; 55:8721-34. [PMID: 23043539 PMCID: PMC3483018 DOI: 10.1021/jm300952s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
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Optimization of the imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine-based
series of Aurora kinase inhibitors led to the identification of 6-chloro-7-(4-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (27e), a potent inhibitor of Aurora
kinases (Aurora-A Kd = 7.5 nM, Aurora-B Kd = 48 nM), FLT3 kinase (Kd = 6.2 nM), and FLT3 mutants including FLT3-ITD (Kd = 38 nM) and FLT3(D835Y) (Kd = 14 nM). FLT3-ITD causes constitutive FLT3 kinase
activation and is detected in 20–35% of adults and 15% of children
with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), conferring a poor prognosis in
both age groups. In an in vivo setting, 27e strongly
inhibited the growth of a FLT3-ITD-positive AML human
tumor xenograft (MV4–11) following oral administration, with
in vivo biomarker modulation and plasma free drug exposures consistent
with dual FLT3 and Aurora kinase inhibition. Compound 27e, an orally bioavailable dual FLT3 and Aurora kinase inhibitor, was
selected as a preclinical development candidate for the treatment
of human malignancies, in particular AML, in adults and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassilios Bavetsias
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
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5
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Leung SSF, Mijalkovic J, Borrelli K, Jacobson MP. Testing physical models of passive membrane permeation. J Chem Inf Model 2012; 52:1621-36. [PMID: 22621168 PMCID: PMC3383340 DOI: 10.1021/ci200583t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The biophysical basis of passive membrane permeability is well-understood, but most methods for predicting membrane permeability in the context of drug design are based on statistical relationships that indirectly capture the key physical aspects. Here, we investigate molecular mechanics-based models of passive membrane permeability and evaluate their performance against different types of experimental data, including parallel artificial membrane permeability assays (PAMPA), cell-based assays, in vivo measurements, and other in silico predictions. The experimental data sets we use in these tests are diverse, including peptidomimetics, congeneric series, and diverse FDA approved drugs. The physical models are not specifically trained for any of these data sets; rather, input parameters are based on standard molecular mechanics force fields, such as partial charges, and an implicit solvent model. A systematic approach is taken to analyze the contribution from each component in the physics-based permeability model. A primary factor in determining rates of passive membrane permeation is the conformation-dependent free energy of desolvating the molecule, and this measure alone provides good agreement with experimental permeability measurements in many cases. Other factors that improve agreement with experimental data include deionization and estimates of entropy losses of the ligand and the membrane, which lead to size-dependence of the permeation rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siegfried S. F. Leung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, California, 94158
| | - Jona Mijalkovic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, California, 94158
| | - Kenneth Borrelli
- Schrödinger, Inc. 120 West 4 Street, 32 Floor, New York, New York, 10036
| | - Matthew P. Jacobson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, California, 94158
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6
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Combinatorial support vector machines approach for virtual screening of selective multi-target serotonin reuptake inhibitors from large compound libraries. J Mol Graph Model 2012; 32:49-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2011.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Revised: 08/30/2011] [Accepted: 09/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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7
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Roughley SD, Jordan AM. The Medicinal Chemist’s Toolbox: An Analysis of Reactions Used in the Pursuit of Drug Candidates. J Med Chem 2011; 54:3451-79. [PMID: 21504168 DOI: 10.1021/jm200187y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1747] [Impact Index Per Article: 134.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Allan M. Jordan
- Cancer Research UK Drug Discovery Unit, Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester, M20 4BX, U.K
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8
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Fray MJ, Fish PV, Allan GA, Bish G, Clarke N, Eccles R, Harrison AC, Net JLL, Phillips SC, Regan N, Sobry C, Stobie A, Wakenhut F, Westbrook D, Westbrook SL, Whitlock GA. Second generation N-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperazines as dual serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors: Improving metabolic stability and reducing ion channel activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:3788-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2010] [Revised: 04/13/2010] [Accepted: 04/13/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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9
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Fensome A, Goldberg J, McComas CC, Trybulski EJ, Woodworth RP, Deecher DC, Whiteside GT, Zhang P. Structure-activity relationships of norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors with benzothiadiazine dioxide or dihydrosulfostyril cores. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:1555-8. [PMID: 20153188 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2009] [Revised: 01/14/2010] [Accepted: 01/14/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Two related series of selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors were synthesized based on 3,4-dihydro-1H-2,1,3-benzothiadiazine 2,2-dioxide or 3,4-dihydrosulfostyril cores, and screened for monoamine reuptake inhibition. Structure-activity relationships were determined for the series' in vitro potency and selectivity versus serotonin or dopamine transporter inhibition, and analogs based on both cores were identified as potent and selective NRIs. The 3,4-dihydrosulfostyril series was further tested for microsome stability, and compound 16j, which was optimized for both potency and stability, showed efficacy in an in vivo model of thermoregulatory dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Fensome
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, 500 Arcola Road, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
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10
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Zhang P, Terefenko EA, Bray J, Deecher D, Fensome A, Harrison J, Kim C, Koury E, Mark L, McComas CC, Mugford CA, Trybulski EJ, Vu AT, Whiteside GT, Mahaney PE. 1- or 3-(3-Amino-2-hydroxy-1-phenyl propyl)-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-ones: potent, selective, and orally efficacious norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. J Med Chem 2009; 52:5703-11. [PMID: 19722525 DOI: 10.1021/jm900888c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sequential structural modifications of the aryloxypropanamine template (e.g., atomoxetine, 2) led to a novel series of 1-(3-amino-2-hydroxy-1-phenyl propyl)-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-ones as selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (NRIs). In general, this series of compounds potently blocked the human norepinephrine transporter (hNET) while exhibiting selectivity at hNET against both the human serotonin (hSERT) and dopamine transporters (hDAT). Numerous compounds (e.g., 19-22) had low nonamolar hNET potency with IC(50) values of 7-10 nM and excellent selectivity (>500 fold) at hNET over hSERT and hDAT. Several compounds, such as 20 and 22, were tested in a telemetric rat model of ovariectomized-induced thermoregulatory dysfunction and were efficacious at oral doses of 3 mg/kg in reducing the tail skin temperature. In addition, compound 20 was also studied in the rat hot plate and spinal nerve ligation (SNL) models of acute and neuropathic pain, respectively, and was orally efficacious at doses of 3-10 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puwen Zhang
- Chemical Sciences, Wyeth Research, S-2250B, 500 Arcola Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, USA.
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11
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N-[(3S)-Pyrrolidin-3-yl]benzamides as novel dual serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors: Impact of small structural modifications on P-gp recognition and CNS penetration. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:5078-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2009] [Revised: 07/03/2009] [Accepted: 07/07/2009] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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12
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Andersen J, Kristensen AS, Bang-Andersen B, Strømgaard K. Recent advances in the understanding of the interaction of antidepressant drugs with serotonin and norepinephrine transporters. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:3677-92. [PMID: 19557250 DOI: 10.1039/b903035m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The biogenic monoamine transporters are integral membrane proteins that perform active transport of extracellular dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine into cells. These transporters are targets for therapeutic agents such as antidepressants, as well as addictive substances such as cocaine and amphetamine. Seminal advances in the understanding of the structure and function of this transporter family have recently been accomplished by structural studies of a bacterial transporter, as well as medicinal chemistry and pharmacological studies of mammalian transporters. This feature article focuses on antidepressant drugs that act on the serotonin and/or the norepinephrine transporters. Specifically, we focus on structure-activity relationships of these drugs with emphasis on relationships between their molecular properties and the current knowledge of transporter structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Andersen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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13
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Vu AT, Cohn ST, Terefenko EA, Moore WJ, Zhang P, Mahaney PE, Trybulski EJ, Goljer I, Dooley R, Bray JA, Johnston GH, Leiter J, Deecher DC. 3-(Arylamino)-3-phenylpropan-2-olamines as a new series of dual norepinephrine and serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:2464-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2009] [Revised: 03/10/2009] [Accepted: 03/12/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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14
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Zhang P, Terefenko EA, McComas CC, Mahaney PE, Vu A, Trybulski E, Koury E, Johnston G, Bray J, Deecher D. Synthesis and activity of novel 1- or 3-(3-amino-1-phenyl propyl)-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-ones as selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:6067-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2008] [Revised: 10/06/2008] [Accepted: 10/07/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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15
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Middleton DS, Andrews M, Glossop P, Gymer G, Hepworth D, Jessiman A, Johnson PS, MacKenny M, Stobie A, Tang K, Morgan P, Jones B. Designing rapid onset selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors. Part 3: Site-directed metabolism as a strategy to avoid active circulating metabolites: structure-activity relationships of (thioalkyl)phenoxy benzylamines. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:5303-6. [PMID: 18782666 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2008] [Revised: 08/11/2008] [Accepted: 08/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of thio-alkyl containing diphenylethers were designed and evaluated, as a strategy to competitively direct metabolism away from unwanted amine N-demethylation and deliver a pharmacologically inactive S-oxide metabolite. Overall, sulfonamide 20 was found to possess the best balance of target pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and metabolism profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald S Middleton
- Department of Discovery Chemistry (B500, IPC 324), Pfizer Global Research and Development, Ramsgate Road, Sandwich, Kent CT13 9NJ, UK.
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16
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N-Benzyl-N-(pyrrolidin-3-yl)carboxamides as a new class of selective dual serotonin/noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:4308-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.06.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2008] [Revised: 06/24/2008] [Accepted: 06/25/2008] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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17
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Middleton DS, Andrews M, Glossop P, Gymer G, Hepworth D, Jessiman A, Johnson PS, MacKenny M, Pitcher MJ, Rooker T, Stobie A, Tang K, Morgan P. Designing rapid onset selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors. 2: Structure–activity relationships of substituted (aryl)benzylamines. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:4018-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2008] [Revised: 06/02/2008] [Accepted: 06/02/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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18
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Fish PV, Barta NS, Gray DLF, Ryckmans T, Stobie A, Wakenhut F, Whitlock GA. Derivatives of (3S)-N-(biphenyl-2-ylmethyl)pyrrolidin-3-amine as selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors: Reducing P-gp mediated efflux by modulation of H-bond acceptor capacity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:4355-9. [PMID: 18621528 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.06.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2008] [Accepted: 06/23/2008] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Derivatives of (3S)-N-(biphenyl-2-ylmethyl)pyrrolidin-3-amine are disclosed as a new series of noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (NRI). Carboxamide 9e, carbamate 11b and sulfonamide 13a were identified as potent NRIs with excellent selectivity over SRI and DRI, good in vitro metabolic stability and weak CYP inhibition. Carbamate 11b demonstrated superior transit performance in MDCK-mdr1 cell lines with minimal P-gp efflux which was attributed to reduced HBA capacity of the carbamate group. Evaluation in vivo, in rat microdialysis experiments, showed 11b increased noradrenaline levels by 400% confirming good CNS penetration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul V Fish
- Discovery Chemistry, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Sandwich Laboratories, Sandwich, Kent CT13 9NJ, UK.
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19
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Pyridyl-phenyl ether monoamine reuptake inhibitors: Impact of lipophilicity on dual SNRI pharmacology and off-target promiscuity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:2896-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.03.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2008] [Revised: 03/28/2008] [Accepted: 03/29/2008] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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20
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Fish PV, Deur C, Gan X, Greene K, Hoople D, Mackenny M, Para KS, Reeves K, Ryckmans T, Stiff C, Stobie A, Wakenhut F, Whitlock GA. Design and synthesis of morpholine derivatives. SAR for dual serotonin & noradrenaline reuptake inhibition. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:2562-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2008] [Revised: 03/14/2008] [Accepted: 03/16/2008] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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21
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Fish PV, Ryckmans T, Stobie A, Wakenhut F. [4-(Phenoxy)pyridin-3-yl]methylamines: A new class of selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:1795-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2008] [Revised: 02/11/2008] [Accepted: 02/12/2008] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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22
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Design of Monoamine Reuptake Inhibitors: SSRIs, SNRIs and NRIs. TOPICS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/7355_2008_028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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