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Torres-Jaramillo J, Blöcher R, Chacón-Vargas KF, Hernández-Calderón J, Sánchez-Torres LE, Nogueda-Torres B, Reyes-Arellano A. Synthesis of Antiprotozoal 2-(4-Alkyloxyphenyl)-Imidazolines and Imidazoles and Their Evaluation on Leishmania mexicana and Trypanosoma cruzi. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3673. [PMID: 38612484 PMCID: PMC11012064 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Twenty 2-(4-alkyloxyphenyl)-imidazolines and 2-(4-alkyloxyphenyl)-imidazoles were synthesized, with the former being synthesized in two steps by using MW and ultrasonication energy, resulting in good to excellent yields. Imidazoles were obtained in moderate yields by oxidizing imidazolines with MnO2 and MW energy. In response to the urgent need to treat neglected tropical diseases, a set of 2-(4-alkyloxyphenyl)- imidazolines and imidazoles was tested in vitro on Leishmania mexicana and Trypanosoma cruzi. The leishmanicidal activity of ten compounds was evaluated, showing an IC50 < 10 µg/mL. Among these compounds, 27-31 were the most active, with IC50 values < 1 µg/mL (similar to the reference drugs). In the evaluation on epimastigotes of T. cruzi, only 30 and 36 reached an IC50 < 1 µg/mL, showing better inhibition than both reference drugs. However, compounds 29, 33, and 35 also demonstrated attractive trypanocidal activities, with IC50 values < 10 µg/mL, similar to the values for benznidazole and nifurtimox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenifer Torres-Jaramillo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (ENCB-IPN), Mexico City 11340, Mexico; (J.T.-J.); (R.B.); (J.H.-C.)
| | - René Blöcher
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (ENCB-IPN), Mexico City 11340, Mexico; (J.T.-J.); (R.B.); (J.H.-C.)
| | | | - Jorge Hernández-Calderón
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (ENCB-IPN), Mexico City 11340, Mexico; (J.T.-J.); (R.B.); (J.H.-C.)
| | - Luvia E. Sánchez-Torres
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (ENCB-IPN), Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Benjamín Nogueda-Torres
- Departamento de Parasitología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (ENCB-IPN), Mexico City 11340, Mexico;
| | - Alicia Reyes-Arellano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (ENCB-IPN), Mexico City 11340, Mexico; (J.T.-J.); (R.B.); (J.H.-C.)
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2
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Azimi S, Merza MS, Ghasemi F, Dhahi HA, Baradarbarjastehbaf F, Moosavi M, Kargar PG, Len C. Green and rapid and instrumental one-pot method for the synthesis of imidazolines having potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 main protease activity. SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY AND PHARMACY 2023; 34:101136. [PMID: 37333050 PMCID: PMC10239909 DOI: 10.1016/j.scp.2023.101136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for ongoing epidemics in humans and some other mammals and has been declared a public health emergency of international concern. In this project, several small non-peptide molecules were synthesized to inhibit the major proteinase (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2 using rational strategies of drug design and medicinal chemistry. Mpro is a key enzyme of coronaviruses and plays an essential role in mediating viral replication and transcription in human lung epithelial and stem cells, making it an attractive drug target for SARS-CoV. The antiviral potential of imidazoline derivatives as inhibitors of (SARS-CoV-2) Mpro was evaluated using in-silico techniques such as molecular docking simulation, molecular dynamics (MD), and ADMET prediction. The docking scores of these imidazoline derivatives were compared to that of the N3 crystal inhibitor and showed that most of these compounds, particularly compound E07, interacted satisfactorily in the active site of the coronavirus and strongly interacted with the residues (Met 165, Gln 166, Met 165, His 41, and Gln 189). Furthermore, the results were confirmed by MD simulations after exposure to long-term MD simulations and ADMET predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabikeh Azimi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, 97175-615, Iran
| | - Muna S Merza
- Prosthetic Dental Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, 51001, Iraq
| | - Fatemeh Ghasemi
- MSC in Software Engineering, Kowsar, The Institute of Higher Education, Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, Computer Engineering Department, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Hasan Ali Dhahi
- National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | - Farid Baradarbarjastehbaf
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Mehdi Moosavi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Pouya Ghamari Kargar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, 97175-615, Iran
| | - Christophe Len
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, 11 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75005, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, Universite de Technologie de Compiegne, F- 60200, Compiegne, France
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3
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Ratnani S, Mahilkar Sonkar S, Kumari R. Strategies for sustainable organic synthesis. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-022-02687-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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Devi M, Singh R, Sindhu J, Kumar A, Lal S, Kumar R, Hussain K, Sachdeva M, Singh D, Kumar P. Sonochemical Protocols for Heterocyclic Synthesis: A Representative Review. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2022; 380:14. [PMID: 35149908 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-022-00369-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the present era of the industrial revolution, we all are familiar with ever-increasing environmental pollution released from various chemical processes. Chemical production has had a severe impact on the environment and human health. For the betterment of our environment, the chemical community has turned their interest to developing green, harmless and sustainable synthetic processes. To accomplish these goals of green chemistry, the extraordinary properties of sonication play an important role. It is well known that sonochemistry can make decisive contributions to creating high pressures of almost 1000 atm and very high temperatures in the range of 4500-5000 °C. The implementation of ultrasound in chemical transformations somehow fulfils the measures of green chemistry, as it reduces energy consumption, enhances product selectivity, and uses lesser amounts of hazardous chemicals and solvents. Furthermore, heterocyclic synthesis under ultrasonication offers several environmental and process-related advantages compared with conventional methods. The remarkable contribution of ultrasonics to the development of green and sustainable synthetic routes inspired us to write this article. Herein, we have discussed only some of the various synthetic methodologies developed for the construction of heterocyclic cores under ultrasonic irradiation, accompanied by mechanistic insights. In some cases, a comparison between sonochemical conditions and conventional conditions has also been investigated. We emphasized principally 'up to date' developments on various sono-accelerated chemical transformations comprising aza-Michael, aldol reactions, C-C couplings, oxidation, cycloadditions, multi-component reactions, etc. for the synthesis of heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meena Devi
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136119, India
| | - Rahul Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136119, India
| | - Jayant Sindhu
- Department of Chemistry, COBS & H, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hisar, 125001, India
| | - Sohan Lal
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136119, India
| | - Ramesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136119, India
| | - Khalid Hussain
- Department of Applied Sciences and Humanities, Mewat Engineering College, Nuh, 122107, India
| | - Megha Sachdeva
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Advanced Study in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Devender Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Parvin Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136119, India.
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5
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Sabrina Anzollin G, Zaki L, Perin TM, Finger B, Perin LT, Petry F, Sebulsqui Saraiva T, Lima da Costa Lopes ML, Betti AH, Scapinello J, Oliveira JV, Magro JD, Müller LG. Antidepressant-like effect of Campomanesia xanthocarpa seeds in mice: Involvement of the monoaminergic system. J Tradit Complement Med 2021; 12:309-317. [PMID: 35747347 PMCID: PMC9209823 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2021.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Campomanesia xanthocarpa Berg. (Myrtaceae) present several pharmacological actions, but there are no reports on its antidepressant-like potential. This study investigated the antidepressant-like effect and mechanism of action of Campomanesia xanthocarpa seeds extract obtained from supercritical CO2 (40 °C, 250 bar). Experimental procedure Mice were orally treated with the extract 1 h before the TST. To investigate the involvement of the monoaminergic system in the antidepressant-like activity of the extract, pharmacological antagonists were administered prior to the acute oral administration of the extract (60 mg/kg). Also, the interaction of the extract with antidepressants was assessed in the tail suspension test (TST). The in vitro inhibitory potential of C. xanthocarpa seeds extract towards MAO A and MAO B enzymes was tested in vitro. Results and conclusion Animals treated with Campomanesia xanthocarpa seeds extract showed a significant reduction in the immobility time in the TST. Mice pretreatment with SCH23390, sulpiride, prazosin, yohimbine, and p-chlorophenylalanine prevented the anti-immobility effect of the extract in the TST. The combined administration of sub-effective doses of the extract with imipramine, bupropion and fluoxetine significantly reduced mice immobility time in the TST. The extract showed MAO A inhibitory activity (IC50 = 151.10 ± 5.75 μg/mL), which was greater than that toward MAO B (IC50 > 400 μg/mL). The extract of Campomanesia xanthocarpa seeds obtained by supercritical CO2 shows antidepressant-like activity, which relies on the activation of the monoaminergic neurotransmission (serotoninergic, dopaminergic and noradrenergic), suggesting that this species might represent a resource for developing new antidepressants. C. xanthocarpa show antidepressant-like effect in mice tail suspension test. C. xanthocarpa potentiates the effect of antidepressants in tail suspension test. C. xanthocarpa mode of action involves the monoaminergic system.
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6
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Wu SM, Qiu XY, Liu SJ, Sun J. Single Heterocyclic Compounds as Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors: From Past to Present. Mini Rev Med Chem 2020; 20:908-920. [PMID: 32116191 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666200302114620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitors of monoamine oxidase (MAO) have shown therapeutic values in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases such as depression, Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. Heterocyclic compounds exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activities and vital leading compounds for the development of chemical drugs. Herein, we focus on the synthesis and screening of novel single heterocyclic derivatives with MAO inhibitory activities during the past decade. This review covers recent pharmacological advancements of single heterocyclic moiety along with structure- activity relationship to provide better correlation among different structures and their receptor interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Min Wu
- College of Science & Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315212, China
| | - Xiao-Yang Qiu
- College of Science & Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315212, China.,State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Shu-Juan Liu
- College of Science & Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315212, China
| | - Juan Sun
- School of Biological & Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science & Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
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7
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Kaur N. Synthesis of Five-Membered Heterocycles Containing Nitrogen Heteroatom Under Ultrasonic Irradiation. MINI-REV ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1570193x15666180709144028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasonic irradiation is employed to accelerate organic reactions. Under sonication reduced time, good selectivity, excellent yield, and milder conditions were observed for many organic reactions. Ultrasonic reactions are increasingly used as green, clean, and environment-friendly methods in organic synthesis in terms of energy conservation and waste minimization. The use of ultrasound irradiation is increasing in coming years. The use of ultrasound irradiation in the synthesis of five-membered N-heterocycles is depicted in the present review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navjeet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali University, Banasthali-304022, Rajasthan, India
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8
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Shetnev A, Baykov S, Kalinin S, Belova A, Sharoyko V, Rozhkov A, Zelenkov L, Tarasenko M, Sadykov E, Korsakov M, Krasavin M. 1,2,4-Oxadiazole/2-Imidazoline Hybrids: Multi-target-directed Compounds for the Treatment of Infectious Diseases and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071699. [PMID: 30959765 PMCID: PMC6480344 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Replacement of amide moiety with the 1,2,4-oxadiazole core in the scaffold of recently reported efflux pump inhibitors afforded a novel series of oxadiazole/2-imidazoline hybrids. The latter compounds exhibited promising antibacterial activity on both Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonasfluorescens) strains. Furthermore, selected compounds markedly inhibited the growth of certain drug-resistant bacteria. Additionally, the study revealed the antiproliferative activity of several antibacterial frontrunners against pancreas ductal adenocarcinoma (PANC-1) cell line, as well as their type-selective monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitory profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Shetnev
- Pharmaceutical Technology Transfer Center, Ushinsky Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University, 108 Respublikanskaya St., Yaroslavl 150000, Russia.
| | - Sergey Baykov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 26 Universitetskii Pr, Peterhof, Saint Petersburg 198504, Russia.
| | - Stanislav Kalinin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 26 Universitetskii Pr, Peterhof, Saint Petersburg 198504, Russia.
| | - Alexandra Belova
- Pharmaceutical Technology Transfer Center, Ushinsky Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University, 108 Respublikanskaya St., Yaroslavl 150000, Russia.
| | - Vladimir Sharoyko
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 26 Universitetskii Pr, Peterhof, Saint Petersburg 198504, Russia.
| | - Anton Rozhkov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 26 Universitetskii Pr, Peterhof, Saint Petersburg 198504, Russia.
| | - Lev Zelenkov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 26 Universitetskii Pr, Peterhof, Saint Petersburg 198504, Russia.
| | - Marina Tarasenko
- Yaroslavl State Technical University, 88 Moscowsky Pr, Yaroslavl 150023, Russia.
| | - Evgeny Sadykov
- A.E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Science, 1 Favorsky Str, Irkutsk 664033, Russian.
| | - Mikhail Korsakov
- Pharmaceutical Technology Transfer Center, Ushinsky Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University, 108 Respublikanskaya St., Yaroslavl 150000, Russia.
| | - Mikhail Krasavin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 26 Universitetskii Pr, Peterhof, Saint Petersburg 198504, Russia.
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9
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Shetnev A, Osipyan A, Baykov S, Sapegin A, Chirkova Z, Korsakov M, Petzer A, Engelbrecht I, Petzer JP. Novel monoamine oxidase inhibitors based on the privileged 2-imidazoline molecular framework. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 29:40-46. [PMID: 30455149 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Series of structurally diverse 2-imidazoline derivatives have been synthesized by condensation of substituted aldehydes with ethylenediamine, Pd-catalyzed N-arylation of 2-imidazolines and by the formation of 1,2,4-oxadiazoles and benzoxazepines from 2-imidazoline-containing precursors. The 2-imidazoline derivatives were evaluated as potential inhibitors of human monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and B. Among the 2-imidazolines, good potency inhibitors were discovered with compound 9p (IC50 = 0.012 µM) being the most potent MAO-B inhibitor, while compound 9d (IC50 = 0.751 µM) was the most potent MAO-A inhibitor of the series. These potencies are in the same range as those of reference MAO inhibitors used in the clinic. Among 33 compounds evaluated, 13 exhibited IC50 values in the submicromolar range for the inhibition of an MAO isoform. It is postulated that the imidazoline moieties of some of these inhibitors may be recognized by the imidazoline I2-binding site of MAO. Good potency MAO inhibitors may be useful for the treatment of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders such as depression and Parkinson's disease, and future application for the treatment of prostate cancer, congestive heart failure and Alzheimer's disease. In addition, high potency 2-imidazoline-derived MAO inhibitors may be used as potential probes for the imidazoline binding sites of the MAOs, as well as to determine alternative binding regions of imidazoline within the MAO active site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Shetnev
- Pharmaceutical Technology Transfer Center, Ushinsky Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University, 108 Respublikanskaya St., Yaroslavl 150000, Russian Federation.
| | - Angelina Osipyan
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 26 Universitetskii Prospect, Peterhof, Saint Petersburg 198504, Russian Federation.
| | - Sergey Baykov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 26 Universitetskii Prospect, Peterhof, Saint Petersburg 198504, Russian Federation.
| | - Alexander Sapegin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 26 Universitetskii Prospect, Peterhof, Saint Petersburg 198504, Russian Federation.
| | - Zhanna Chirkova
- Yaroslavl State Technical University, 150023 Yaroslavl, Russian Federation.
| | - Michail Korsakov
- Pharmaceutical Technology Transfer Center, Ushinsky Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University, 108 Respublikanskaya St., Yaroslavl 150000, Russian Federation.
| | - Anél Petzer
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
| | - Idalet Engelbrecht
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
| | - Jacobus P Petzer
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
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Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel N-Pyridyl-Hydrazone Derivatives as Potential Monoamine Oxidase (MAO) Inhibitors. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23010113. [PMID: 29316677 PMCID: PMC6017090 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23010113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 12/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A new series of N-pyridyl-hydrazone derivatives was synthesized by using a simple and efficient method. The final compounds obtained were screened for their inhibitory potency against monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and B. The newly synthesized compounds 2a-2n specifically inhibited monoamine oxidases, displaying notably low IC50 values. Compounds 2i and 2j, with a CF₃ and OH group on the 4-position of the phenyl ring, respectively, showed considerable MAO-A and MAO-B inhibitory activities. Compounds 2k, 2l and 2n, with N-methylpyrrole, furan and pyridine moieties instead of the phenyl ring, were the most powerful and specific inhibitors of MAO-A, with IC50 values of 6.12 μM, 10.64 μM and 9.52 μM, respectively. Moreover, these active compounds were found to be non-cytotoxic to NIH/3T3 cells. This study supports future studies aimed at designing MAO inhibitors to obtain more viable medications for neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease.
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11
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Tripathi AC, Upadhyay S, Paliwal S, Saraf SK. Privileged scaffolds as MAO inhibitors: Retrospect and prospects. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 145:445-497. [PMID: 29335210 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This review aims to be a comprehensive, authoritative, critical, and readable review of general interest to the medicinal chemistry community because it focuses on the pharmacological, chemical, structural and computational aspects of diverse chemical categories as monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). Monoamine oxidases (MAOs), namely MAO-A and MAO-B represent an enormously valuable class of neuronal enzymes embodying neurobiological origin and functions, serving as potential therapeutic target in neuronal pharmacotherapy, and hence we have coined the term "Neurozymes" which is being introduced for the first time ever. Nowadays, therapeutic attention on MAOIs engrosses two imperative categories; MAO-A inhibitors, in certain mental disorders such as depression and anxiety, and MAO-B inhibitors, in neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). The use of MAOIs declined due to some potential side effects, food and drug interactions, and introduction of other classes of drugs. However, curiosity in MAOIs is reviving and the recent developments of new generation of highly selective and reversible MAOIs, have renewed the therapeutic prospective of these compounds. The initial section of the review emphasizes on the detailed classification, structural and binding characteristics, therapeutic potential, current status and future challenges of the privileged pharmacophores. However, the chemical prospective of privileged scaffolds such as; aliphatic and aromatic amines, amides, hydrazines, azoles, diazoles, tetrazoles, indoles, azines, diazines, xanthenes, tricyclics, benzopyrones, and more interestingly natural products, along with their conclusive SARs have been discussed in the later segment of review. The last segment of the article encompasses some patents granted in the field of MAOIs, in a simplistic way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash C Tripathi
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Babu Banarasi Das Northern India Institute of Technology, Lucknow 226028, UP, India
| | - Savita Upadhyay
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Babu Banarasi Das Northern India Institute of Technology, Lucknow 226028, UP, India
| | - Sarvesh Paliwal
- Pharmacy Department, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Tonk 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shailendra K Saraf
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Babu Banarasi Das Northern India Institute of Technology, Lucknow 226028, UP, India.
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12
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Aplysinopsins as Promising Marine Natural Product Drug Leads: Recent Developments. GRAND CHALLENGES IN MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-69075-9_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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13
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Zhang W, Li HJ, Wang Y, Liu Y, Gu QZ, Wu YC. Gravimetric, electrochemical and surface studies on the anticorrosive properties of 1-(2-pyridyl)-2-thiourea and 2-(imidazol-2-yl)-pyridine for mild steel in hydrochloric acid. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj01762j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
1-(2-Pyridyl)-2-thiourea and 2-(imidazol-2-yl)-pyridine are described here for the first time as inhibitors of mild steel corrosion in acidic medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Technology
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Weihai 264209
- P. R. China
| | - Hui-Jing Li
- School of Marine Science and Technology
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Weihai 264209
- P. R. China
| | - Yiwei Wang
- School of Marine Science and Technology
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Weihai 264209
- P. R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Marine Science and Technology
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Weihai 264209
- P. R. China
| | - Qing-Ze Gu
- School of Marine Science and Technology
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Weihai 264209
- P. R. China
| | - Yan-Chao Wu
- School of Marine Science and Technology
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Weihai 264209
- P. R. China
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14
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Rekha T, Durgamma S, Padmaja A, Padmavathi V. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of bis(azolyl)quinazoline-2,4-diamines. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-017-1981-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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15
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4-Organoseleno-Isoquinolines Selectively and Reversibly Inhibit the Cerebral Monoamine Oxidase B Activity. J Mol Neurosci 2016; 59:135-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-016-0743-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Chidurala P, Jetti V, Pagadala R, Meshram JS, Jonnalagadda S. Eco-Efficient Synthesis of New Pyrido [2, 3-c] Coumarin Scaffolds Under Sonochemical Method. J Heterocycl Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Chidurala
- Department of Chemistry; Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University; Nagpur 440 033 Maharashtra India
| | - Venkateshwarlu Jetti
- Department of Chemistry; Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University; Nagpur 440 033 Maharashtra India
| | - Ramakanth Pagadala
- School of Chemistry and Physics; University of KwaZulu-Natal; Westville Campus, Chiltern Hills Durban 4000 South Africa
| | - Jyotsna S. Meshram
- Department of Chemistry; Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University; Nagpur 440 033 Maharashtra India
| | - Sreekanth Jonnalagadda
- School of Chemistry and Physics; University of KwaZulu-Natal; Westville Campus, Chiltern Hills Durban 4000 South Africa
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Patil PO, Bari SB. Nitrogen heterocycles as potential monoamine oxidase inhibitors: Synthetic aspects. ARAB J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2012.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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18
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-phenoxyacetamide analogues, a novel class of potent and selective monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Molecules 2014; 19:18620-31. [PMID: 25405283 PMCID: PMC6271349 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191118620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoamine oxidases (EC 1.4.3.4; MAOs), a family of FAD-containing enzymes, is an important target for antidepressant drugs. In this paper, a series of 2-phenoxyacetamide analogues were synthesized, and their inhibitory potency towards monoamine oxidases A (MAO-A) and B (MAO-B) were evaluated using enzyme and cancer cell lysate. 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetamide (compound 12) (SI = 245) and (2-(4-((prop-2-ynylimino)methyl)phenoxy)acetamide (compound 21) (IC50MAO-A = 0.018 μM, IC50MAO-B = 0.07 μM) were successfully identified as the most specific MAO-A inhibitor, and the most potent MAO-A/-B inhibitor, respectively. The inhibitory activities of these two compounds in living cells were also further evaluated utilizing HepG2 and SHSY-5Y cell lysates.
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Ramachandra Reddy P, Padmaja A, Padmavathi V. Synthesis of Heteroaryl Thiazolidinones and Azetidinones under Conventional and Ultrasonication Methods. J Heterocycl Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Adivireddy Padmaja
- Department of Chemistry; Sri Venkateswara University; Tirupati 517 502 Andhra Pradesh India
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20
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Antidepressant-like effect of Ilex paraguariensis in rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:958209. [PMID: 24895633 PMCID: PMC4026845 DOI: 10.1155/2014/958209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Revised: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the possible antidepressant-like effect of I. paraguariensis in rats. Rats were treated for four weeks with an aqueous extract of I. paraguariensis in drinking water, following the traditional preparation of this beverage. After the period of treatment, behavioral (elevated plus-maze, open field test, and forced swimming test) and biochemical parameters (lipid peroxidation assay, thiol content, vitamin C levels, and monoamine oxidase activity) were evaluated. Animals were also analyzed on forced swimming test after 24 hours of I. paraguariensis intake. An additional group was injected with selegiline 24 hours and 30 minutes before forced swimming test as positive control. HPLC analysis revealed the profile of I. paraguariensis extract. I. paraguariensis reduced the immobility time on forced swimming test without significant changes in locomotor activity in the open field test. Any anxiolytic/anxiogenic effect of I. paraguariensis was observed in rats through the elevated plus-maze test. The antidepressant-like effect of I. paraguariensis was not accompanied by inhibitory effect on monoamine oxidase activity. There were no significant alterations on lipid peroxidation, thiol content, and vitamin C levels among the groups. In conclusion, aqueous extract of I. paraguariensis decreases the time of immobility in rats suggesting an antidepressant-like effect.
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21
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Rouhani M, Ramazani A, Joo SW. Novel, fast and efficient one-pot sonochemical synthesis of 2-aryl-1,3,4-oxadiazoles. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2014; 21:262-267. [PMID: 23845411 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2013.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2012] [Revised: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound promoted synthesis of 2-aryl-1,3,4-oxadiazoles at ambient temperature is reported. The remarkable features of the new procedure are shorter reaction time, excellent yields, cleaner reaction profile and simple experimental and workup procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Rouhani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, P.O. Box 45195-313, Zanjan, Iran
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22
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Pazini AM, Gomes GM, Villarinho JG, da Cunha C, Pinheiro F, Ferreira APO, Mello CF, Ferreira J, Rubin MA. Selegiline reverses aβ₂₅₋₃₅-induced cognitive deficit in male mice. Neurochem Res 2013; 38:2287-94. [PMID: 24005822 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-013-1137-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Revised: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is biochemically characterized by the occurrence of extracellular deposits of amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) and intracellular deposits of the hyperphosphorylated tau protein, which are causally related to the pathological hallmarks senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) activity, involved in the oxidation of biogenic monoamines, is particularly high around the senile plaques and increased in AD patients in middle to late clinical stages of the disease. Selegiline is a selective and irreversible MAO-B inhibitor and, although clinical trials already shown the beneficial effect of selegiline on cognition of AD patients, its mechanism of action remains to be elucidated. Therefore, we first investigated whether selegiline reverses the impairment of object recognition memory induced by Aβ25-35 in mice, an established model of AD. In addition, we investigated whether selegiline alters MAO-B and MAO-A activities in the hippocampus, perirhinal and remaining cerebral cortices of Aβ25-35-injected male mice. Acute (1 and 10 mg/kg, p.o., immediately post-training) and subchronic (10 mg/kg, p.o., seven days after Aβ25-35 injection and immediately post-training) administration of selegiline reversed the cognitive impairment induced by Aβ25-35 (3 nmol, i.c.v.). Acute administration of selegiline (1 mg/kg, p.o.) in combination with Aβ25-35 (3 nmol) decreased MAO-B activity in the perirhinal and remaining cerebral cortices. Acute administration of selegiline (10 mg/kg, p.o.) decreased MAO-B activity in hippocampus, perirhinal and remaining cerebral cortices, regardless of Aβ25-35 or Aβ35-25 treatment. MAO-A activity was not altered by selegiline or Aβ25-35. In summary, the current findings further support a role for cortical monoaminergic transmission in the cognitive deficits observed in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréia M Pazini
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima 1000, Cidade Universitária, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
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23
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The antinociceptive effect of reversible monoamine oxidase-A inhibitors in a mouse neuropathic pain model. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2013; 44:136-42. [PMID: 23419243 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Revised: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a debilitating condition that is often resistant to common analgesics, such as opioids, but is sensitive to some antidepressants, an effect that seems to be mediated by spinal cord 5-HT3 receptors. Because the analgesic potential of monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) inhibitors is understudied, we evaluated the potential antinociceptive effect of the reversible MAO-A inhibitors moclobemide and 2-(3,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole (2-DMPI) in a mouse neuropathic pain model induced by chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve. Neuropathic mice showed a decreased mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) 7 days after lesion compared with the baseline PWT, characterizing the development of hyperalgesia. Moclobemide (100-300 μmol/kg, s.c.) and 2-DMPI (30-300 μmol/kg, s.c.) treatments were able to reverse the CCI-induced hyperalgesia, with 50% inhibitory dose (ID50) values of 39 (18-84) and 11 (4-33) μmol/kg, and maximum inhibition (Imax) values of 88±14 and 98±15%, respectively, at the 300 μmol/kg dose. In addition, we observed a significant increase in the MAO-A activity in the lumbar spinal cord of CCI-submitted mice compared with sham-operated animals. Furthermore, the antihyperalgesic effects of both 2-DMPI and moclobemide were largely reversed by intrathecal injection of the 5-HT3 receptor antagonist ondansetron (10 μg/site). These results suggest a possible involvement of MAO-A in the mechanisms of neuropathic pain and a potential utility of the reversible inhibitors of MAO-A in the development of new therapeutic approaches to treat it.
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Al-Bogami AS, Saleh TS, Albishri HM. Ultrasonic irradiation assisted efficient regioselective synthesis of CF3-containing pyrazoles catalyzed by Cu(OTf)2/Et3N. Chem Cent J 2013; 7:101. [PMID: 23764261 PMCID: PMC3694504 DOI: 10.1186/1752-153x-7-101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Most of the known approaches to the synthesis of CF3-containing organic compounds suffer from serious drawbacks. For example the starting materials required for these methods are rather difficult to obtain, or they are fairly toxic and inconvenient to work with and methods for direct fluorination and trifluoromethylation do not always allow the introduction of the CF3-group at the required position of a molecule. Results An efficient and attractive regioselective synthesis of a series of novel pyrazoles containing the trifluromethyl moiety was achieved using Cu(OTf)2/Et3N as an efficient catalytic system under ultrasonic irradiation. Conclusions Cu(OTf)2/Et3N catalyst showed a great advantage over all the investigated catalysts, and the ultrasonic irradiation method offered high yields of pyrazoles in short reaction time compared with classical conditions. gHMBC spectra of the product were used to rationalize the observed regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah S Al-Bogami
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, North Jeddah, P,O box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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Gouvêa DP, Bareño VDO, Bosenbecker J, Drawanz BB, Neuenfeldt PD, Siqueira GM, Cunico W. Ultrasonics promoted synthesis of thiazolidinones from 2-aminopyridine and 2-picolilamine. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2012; 19:1127-31. [PMID: 22483740 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2012.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2011] [Revised: 12/16/2011] [Accepted: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The efficient multicomponent synthesis of thiazolidinones from the reaction of arenealdehydes, mercaptoacetic acid and 2-picolilamine or 2-aminopyridine under ultrasound irradiation are reported. The reaction with 2-aminopyridine needs a Lewis acid catalysis to afford the corresponding 2-aryl-3-(pyridin-2-yl)-1,3-thiazolidin-4-ones. All novel compounds were identified and characterized by (1)H and (13)C NMR spectra. Applying the sonochemical methodology, two series of heterocyclic thiazolidinones were synthesized in good yields after short reaction times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela P Gouvêa
- Núcleo de Química Aplicada, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Campus Universitário, s/n°, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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26
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Villarinho JG, Fachinetto R, de Vargas Pinheiro F, da Silva Sant'Anna G, Machado P, Dombrowski PA, da Cunha C, de Almeida Cabrini D, Pinto Martins MA, Gauze Bonacorso H, Zanatta N, Antonello Rubin M, Ferreira J. Antidepressant-like effect of the novel MAO inhibitor 2-(3,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole (2-DMPI) in mice. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2012; 39:31-9. [PMID: 22525823 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2012.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Revised: 04/10/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors were the first antidepressant drugs to be prescribed and are still used today with great success, especially in patients resistant to other antidepressants. In this study, we evaluated the MAO inhibitory properties and the potential antidepressant action of 2-(3,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole (2-DMPI) in mice. We found that 2-DMPI inhibited both MAO isoforms (K(i) values were 1.53 (1.3-1.8) μM and 46.67 (31.8-68.4) μM for MAO-A and MAO-B, respectively) with 30-fold higher selectivity toward MAO-A. In relation to the nature of MAO-A inhibition, 2-DMPI showed to be a mixed and reversible inhibitor. The treatment with 2-DMPI (100-1000 μmol/kg, s.c.) caused a significant decrease in immobility time in the tail suspension test (TST) without affecting locomotor activity, motor coordination or anxiety-related activities. Conversely, moclobemide (1000 μmol/kg, s.c.) caused a significant increase in immobility time in the TST, which appeared to be mediated by a nonspecific effect on motor coordination function. 2-DMPI (300 μmol/kg, s.c.) decreased serotonin turnover in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and striatum, whereas dopamine turnover was diminished only in the striatum, and norepinephrine turnover was not changed. The antidepressant-like effect of 2-DMPI was inhibited by the pretreatment of mice with methysergide (2 mg/kg, s.c., a non-selective serotonin receptor antagonist), WAY100635 (0.1 mg/kg, s.c., a selective 5-HT(1A) receptor antagonist) or haloperidol (0.05 mg/kg, i.p., a non-selective dopamine receptor antagonist). These results suggest that 2-DMPI is a prototype reversible and preferential MAO-A inhibitor with potential antidepressant activity, due to its modulatory effect on serotonergic and dopaminergic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jardel Gomes Villarinho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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27
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Synthesis and evaluation of aplysinopsin analogs as inhibitors of human monoamine oxidase A and B. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:4926-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.06.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Revised: 06/13/2012] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Villarinho JG, Oliveira SM, Silva CR, Cabreira TN, Ferreira J. Involvement of monoamine oxidase B on models of postoperative and neuropathic pain in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2012; 690:107-14. [PMID: 22771623 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2012] [Revised: 06/16/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study we assessed the involvement of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B), a key enzyme implicated in monoamine metabolism, on postoperative (plantar incision) and neuropathic (partial sciatic nerve ligation) pain models in mice. Paw incision submitted mice showed a significant decrease in mechanical threshold compared with the sham-operated mice, characterizing the development of mechanical allodynia. The selective and irreversible MAO-B inhibitor selegiline, at a dose sufficient to selectively inhibit MAO-B activity (10 mg/kg), showed an anti-allodynic effect from 0.5 to 6 h after incision. Likewise, partial sciatic nerve ligation submitted mice also developed mechanical allodynia, which was reversed by selegiline (10 mg/kg) from 2 to 6 h after treatment. In addition, a significant increase on striatal MAO-B activity was observed in neuropathic mice compared with the sham-operated animals, which was reversed by selegiline treatment. Taken together, our results showed that MAO-B seems to exert a critical role in the development of postoperative and neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jardel Gomes Villarinho
- Laboratório de Neurotoxicidade e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima 1000, RS 97105-900, Santa Maria, Brazil
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Tonello R, Villarinho JG, da Silva Sant'Anna G, Tamiozzo L, Machado P, Trevisan G, Pinto Martins MA, Ferreira J, Rubin MA. The potential antidepressant-like effect of imidazoline I2 ligand 2-BFI in mice. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2012; 37:15-21. [PMID: 22122878 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2011.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2011] [Revised: 10/31/2011] [Accepted: 11/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The compound 2-(2-benzofuranyl)-2-imidazoline (2-BFI) is a 2-imidazoline derivative that selectively inhibits the in vitro activity of monoamine oxidase-A and it is also an imidazoline I(2) agonist. However, the antidepressant potential of this compound and its mechanism of action have not been well defined. Therefore, in this study we investigated the antidepressant-like effect of 2-BFI in mice. 2-BFI (100 and 300μmol/kg, s.c.) significantly reduced the immobility time on the tail suspension test (TST) without changing locomotion in the open field test. The reduced the immobility time of 2-BFI (100μmol/kg, s.c.) was confirmed with the forced swimming test (FST). The antidepressant-like effect of 2-BFI (100μmol/kg, s.c.) in the TST was prevented by pretreatment with idazoxan (0.4μmol/kg, i.p., a I(2) site antagonist), methysergide (4μmol/kg, i.p., a non-selective serotonergic receptor antagonist) and haloperidol (0.1μmol/kg, i.p., a non-selective dopaminergic receptor antagonist). The anxiolytic effect of 2-BFI was also evaluated, using the elevated plus-maze test. 2-BFI (300μmol/kg, s.c.) was able to significantly increase the % of number of entries and the % of time spent in the open arms, indicating that it possesses an anxiolytic effect at high doses. In conclusion, these results suggest that the antidepressant-like effect of 2-BFI might involve serotonergic, dopaminergic and imidazoline systems, and then the imidazoline site could represent a new pharmacological target for the treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Tonello
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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Campos PT, Machado P, Frizzo CP, Moreira DN, Meyer AR, Bonacorso HG, Zanatta N, Ducati LC, Rittner R, Tormena CF, Martins MA. Structural investigations of 5-hydroxy-4,5-dihydroisoxazoles. J Mol Struct 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2011.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Buriol L, Frizzo CP, Moreira DN, Prola LDT, Marzari MRB, München TS, Zantta N, Bonacorso HG, Martins MAP. An E-factor minimized solvent-free protocol for the preparation of 4,5-dihydro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazoles. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-011-0464-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Machado P, Lima GR, Rotta M, Bonacorso HG, Zanatta N, Martins MAP. Efficient and highly regioselective synthesis of ethyl 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylates under ultrasound irradiation. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2011; 18:293-299. [PMID: 20638886 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2010.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2009] [Revised: 06/15/2010] [Accepted: 06/22/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A series of 14 ethyl 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylates has been synthesized from the cyclocondensation reaction of ethyl 4-methoxy-2-oxoalk[cycloalk]-3-enoates [EtO(2)CC(O)C(R(2))=C(R(1))OR, where R=H, Me; R(1)=Pr, Ph, 4-MeOC(6)H(4), 4-MeC(6)H(4), 4-FC(6)H(4), 4-ClC(6)H(4), 4-BrC(6)H(4), 4-NO(2)C(6)H(4), fur-2-yl; R(2)=H; R(1), R(2)=-(CH(2))(3)-, -(CH(2))(4)-, -(CH(2))(5)-, -(CH(2))(6)-, 3,4-dihydronaphth-2-yl] with 2,4-dichlorophenyl hydrazine hydrochloride under ultrasound irradiation with high regioselectivity and in 71-92% yields. The main goal of this methodology was the significant reduction of reaction times. The compounds were obtained after irradiation for 10-12 min. In addition, the structure of the ethyl 1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylates was supported by crystallographic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Machado
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97.105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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Proanthocyanidin-rich fraction from Croton celtidifolius Baill confers neuroprotection in the intranasal 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine rat model of Parkinson's disease. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2010; 117:1337-51. [PMID: 20931248 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-010-0464-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2010] [Accepted: 08/16/2010] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We have recently demonstrated that rodents treated intranasally with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) suffered impairments in olfactory, cognitive and motor functions associated with time-dependent disruption of dopaminergic neurotransmission in different brain structures conceivably analogous to those observed during different stages of Parkinson's disease (PD). On the other hand, the proanthocyanidin-rich fraction (PRF) obtained from the bark of Croton celtidifolius Baill (Euphorbiaceae), a tree frequently found in the Atlantic forest in south Brazil, has been described to have several neurobiological activities including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which may be of interest in the treatment of PD. The present data indicated that the pretreatment with PRF (10 mg/kg, i.p.) during five consecutive days was able to prevent mitochondrial complex-I inhibition in the striatum and olfactory bulb, as well as a decrease of the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase expression in the olfactory bulb and substantia nigra of rats infused with a single intranasal administration of MPTP (1 mg/nostril). Moreover, pretreatment with PRF was found to attenuate the short-term social memory deficits, depressive-like behavior and reduction of locomotor activity observed at different periods after intranasal MPTP administration in rats. Altogether, the present findings provide strong evidence that PRF from C. celtidifolius may represent a promising therapeutic tool in PD, thus being able to prevent both motor and non-motor early symptoms of PD, together with its neuroprotective potential.
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Veisi H, Ghorbani-Vaghei R. Recent progress in the application of N-halo reagents in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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36
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Martins MAP, Beck PH, Moreira DN, Buriol L, Frizzo CP, Zanatta N, Bonacorso HG. Straightforward microwave-assisted synthesis of 1-carboxymethyl-5-trifluoromethyl-5-hydroxy-4,5-dihydro-1 H-pyrazoles under solvent-free conditions. J Heterocycl Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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