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Manzano JAH, Brogi S, Calderone V, Macabeo APG, Austriaco N. Globospiramine Exhibits Inhibitory and Fungicidal Effects against Candida albicans via Apoptotic Mechanisms. Biomolecules 2024; 14:610. [PMID: 38927014 PMCID: PMC11201426 DOI: 10.3390/biom14060610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Candidiasis is considered an emerging public health concern because of the occurrence of drug-resistant Candida strains and the lack of an available structurally diverse antifungal drug armamentarium. The indole alkaloid globospiramine from the anticandidal Philippine medicinal plant Voacanga globosa exhibits a variety of biological activities; however, its antifungal properties remain to be explored. In this study, we report the in vitro anticandidal activities of globospiramine against two clinically relevant Candida species (C. albicans and C. tropicalis) and the exploration of its possible target proteins using in silico methods. Thus, the colony-forming unit (CFU) viability assay revealed time- and concentration-dependent anticandidal effects of the alkaloid along with a decrease in the number of viable CFUs by almost 50% at 60 min after treatment. The results of the MIC and MFC assays indicated inhibitory and fungicidal effects of globospiramine against C. albicans (MIC = 8 µg/mL; MFC = 8 µg/mL) and potential fungistatic effects against C. tropicalis at lower concentrations (MIC = 4 µg/mL; MFC > 64 µg/mL). The FAM-FLICA poly-caspase assay showed metacaspase activation in C. albicans cells at concentrations of 16 and 8 µg/mL, which agreed well with the MIC and MFC values. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation experiments suggested globospiramine to bind strongly with 1,3-β-glucan synthase and Als3 adhesin-enzymes indirectly involved in apoptosis-driven candidal inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Anthony H. Manzano
- The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., Manila 1015, Philippines;
- UST Laboratories for Vaccine Science, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., Manila 1015, Philippines;
- Laboratory for Organic Reactivity, Discovery, and Synthesis (LORDS), Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., Manila 1015, Philippines
| | - Simone Brogi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Allan Patrick G. Macabeo
- Laboratory for Organic Reactivity, Discovery, and Synthesis (LORDS), Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., Manila 1015, Philippines
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., Manila 1015, Philippines
| | - Nicanor Austriaco
- UST Laboratories for Vaccine Science, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., Manila 1015, Philippines;
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., Manila 1015, Philippines
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2
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Plaszkó T, Szűcs Z, Vasas G, Gonda S. Interactions of fungi with non-isothiocyanate products of the plant glucosinolate pathway: A review on product formation, antifungal activity, mode of action and biotransformation. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 200:113245. [PMID: 35623473 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The glucosinolate pathway, which is present in the order Brassicales, is one of the most researched defensive natural product biosynthesis pathways. Its core molecules, the glucosinolates are broken down upon pathogen challenge or tissue damage to yield an array of natural products that may help plants defend against the stressor. Though the most widely known glucosinolate decomposition products are the antimicrobial isothiocyanates, there is a wide range of other volatile and non-volatile natural products that arise from this biosynthetic pathway. This review summarizes our current knowledge on the interaction of these much less examined, non-isothiocyanate products with fungi. It deals with compounds including (1) glucosinolates and their biosynthesis precursors; (2) glucosinolate-derived nitriles (e.g. derivatives of 1H-indole-3-acetonitrile), thiocyanates, epithionitriles and oxazolidine-2-thiones; (3) putative isothiocyanate downstream products such as raphanusamic acid, 1H-indole-3-methanol (= indole-3-carbinol) and its oligomers, 1H-indol-3-ylmethanamine and ascorbigen; (4) 1H-indole-3-acetonitrile downstream products such as 1H-indole-3-carbaldehyde (indole-3-carboxaldehyde), 1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid and their derivatives; and (5) indole phytoalexins including brassinin, cyclobrassinin and brassilexin. Herein, a literature review on the following aspects is provided: their direct antifungal activity and the proposed mechanisms of antifungal action, increased biosynthesis after fungal challenge, as well as data on their biotransformation/detoxification by fungi, including but not limited to fungal myrosinase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Plaszkó
- Department of Botany, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary; Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Zsolt Szűcs
- Department of Botany, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary; Healthcare Industry Institute, University of Debrecen, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Gábor Vasas
- Department of Botany, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Sándor Gonda
- Department of Botany, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
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Dai JK, Dan WJ, Wan JB. Natural and synthetic β-carboline as a privileged antifungal scaffolds. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 229:114057. [PMID: 34954591 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.114057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of antifungal agents with novel structure, broad-spectrum, low toxicity, and high efficiency has been the focus of medicinal chemists. Over the past decades, β-carboline scaffold has attracted extensive attention in the scientific community due to its potent and diverse biological activities with nine successfully marketed β-carboline-based drugs. In this review, we summarized the current states and advances in the antifungal activity of natural and synthetic β-carbolines. Additionally, the structure-activity relationships and their antifungal mechanisms targeting biofilm, cell wall, cell membrane, and fungal intracellular targets were also systematically discussed. In summary, β-carbolines have the great potential to develop new efficient scaffolds to combat fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Kun Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China; School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Wen-Jia Dan
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Shandong, China.
| | - Jian-Bo Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China.
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4
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Identification of Novel Antistaphylococcal Hit Compounds Targeting Sortase A. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237095. [PMID: 34885677 PMCID: PMC8658998 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a causative agent of many hospital- and community-acquired infections with the tendency to develop resistance to all known antibiotics. Therefore, the development of novel antistaphylococcal agents is of urgent need. Sortase A is considered a promising molecular target for the development of antistaphylococcal agents. The main aim of this study was to identify novel sortase A inhibitors. In order to find novel antistaphylococcal agents, we performed phenotypic screening of a library containing 15512 compounds against S. aureus ATCC43300. The molecular docking of hits was performed using the DOCK program and 10 compounds were selected for in vitro enzymatic activity inhibition assay. Two inhibitors were identified, N,N-diethyl-N′-(5-nitro-2-(quinazolin-2-yl)phenyl)propane-1,3-diamine (1) and acridin-9-yl-(1H-benzoimidazol-5-yl)-amine (2), which decrease sortase A activity with IC50 values of 160.3 µM and 207.01 µM, respectively. It was found that compounds 1 and 2 possess antibacterial activity toward 29 tested multidrug resistant S. aureus strains with MIC values ranging from 78.12 to 312.5 mg/L. These compounds can be used for further structural optimization and biological research.
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Wu Q, Eisenhardt N, Holbert SS, Pawlik JR, Kucklick JR, Vetter W. Naturally occurring organobromine compounds (OBCs) including polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins in the marine sponge Hyrtios proteus from The Bahamas. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 172:112872. [PMID: 34454388 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Halogenated natural products (HNPs) were identified from organic extracts of the marine sponge Hyrtios proteus from The Bahamas using gas chromatography with electron capture negative ion mass spectrometry and non-targeted gas chromatography with electron ionization mass spectrometry. The HNPs found have similar properties to anthropogenic persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Two ortho-methoxy brominated diphenyl ethers (MeO-BDEs) 2'-MeO-BDE 68 and 6-MeO-BDE 47 were the most abundant compounds. Fourteen other MeO-BDEs were detected along with several polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PBDDs) (1,3,7-triBDD, 1,3,6,8-tetraBDD and 1,3,7,9-tetraBDD) and MeO-PBDDs. Further analysis of a higher trophic level octopus (Octopus maya) from the same FAO fishing area showed that the major HNPs detected in Hyrtios proteus were also predominant. Moreover, HNPs were more than 30-fold higher in abundance than the major POPs in the octopus, i.e., polychlorinated biphenyls. Hence, Caribbean marine organisms, including those potentially used for food, harbor relatively high concentrations of HNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wu
- University of Hohenheim, Institute of Food Chemistry, Garbenstrasse 28, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Natalie Eisenhardt
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Chemical Sciences Division, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, United States
| | - Stephanie Shaw Holbert
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Chemical Sciences Division, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, United States; College of Charleston, Department of Biology, Grice Marine Laboratory, Charleston, SC 29412, United States
| | - Joseph R Pawlik
- University of North Carolina Wilmington, Center of Marine Science, 500 Marvin K Moss Lane, Wilmington, NC 28409, United States
| | - John R Kucklick
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Chemical Sciences Division, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, United States
| | - Walter Vetter
- University of Hohenheim, Institute of Food Chemistry, Garbenstrasse 28, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
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6
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Sapra R, Rajora AK, Kumar P, Maurya GP, Pant N, Haridas V. Chemical Biology of Sortase A Inhibition: A Gateway to Anti-infective Therapeutic Agents. J Med Chem 2021; 64:13097-13130. [PMID: 34516107 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is the leading cause of hospital-acquired infections. The enzyme sortase A, present on the cell surface of S. aureus, plays a key role in bacterial virulence without affecting the bacterial viability. Inhibition of sortase A activity offers a powerful but clinically less explored therapeutic strategy, as it offers the possibility of not inducing any selective pressure on the bacteria to evolve drug-resistant strains. In this Perspective, we offer a chemical space narrative for the design of sortase A inhibitors, as delineated into three broad domains: peptidomimetics, natural products, and synthetic small molecules. This provides immense opportunities for medicinal chemists to alleviate the ever-growing crisis of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachit Sapra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi-110016, India
| | - Amit K Rajora
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi-110016, India
| | - Pushpendra Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi-110016, India
| | - Govind P Maurya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi-110016, India
| | - Nalin Pant
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi-110016, India
| | - V Haridas
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi-110016, India
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Nitulescu G, Margina D, Zanfirescu A, Olaru OT, Nitulescu GM. Targeting Bacterial Sortases in Search of Anti-Virulence Therapies with Low Risk of Resistance Development. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14050415. [PMID: 33946434 PMCID: PMC8147154 DOI: 10.3390/ph14050415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasingly ineffective antibiotics and rapid spread of multi- and pan-resistant bacteria represent a global health threat; hence, the need of developing new antimicrobial medicines. A first step in this direction is identifying new molecular targets, such as virulence factors. Sortase A represents a virulence factor essential for the pathogenesis of Gram-positive pathogens, some of which have a high risk for human health. We present here an exhaustive collection of sortases inhibitors grouped by relevant chemical features: vinyl sulfones, 3-aryl acrylic acids and derivatives, flavonoids, naphtoquinones, anthraquinones, indoles, pyrrolomycins, isoquinoline derivatives, aryl β-aminoethyl ketones, pyrazolethiones, pyridazinones, benzisothiazolinones, 2-phenyl-benzoxazole and 2-phenyl-benzofuran derivatives, thiadiazoles, triazolothiadiazoles, 2-(2-phenylhydrazinylidene)alkanoic acids, and 1,2,4-thiadiazolidine-3,5-dione. This review focuses on highlighting their structure–activity relationships, using the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50), when available, as an indicator of each compound effect on a specific sortase. The information herein is useful for acquiring knowledge on diverse natural and synthetic sortases inhibitors scaffolds and for understanding the way their structural variations impact IC50. It will hopefully be the inspiration for designing novel effective and safe sortase inhibitors in order to create new anti-infective compounds and to help overcoming the current worldwide antibiotic shortage.
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Moroz LL, Romanova DY, Kohn AB. Neural versus alternative integrative systems: molecular insights into origins of neurotransmitters. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2021; 376:20190762. [PMID: 33550949 PMCID: PMC7935107 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmitter signalling is the universal chemical language of any nervous system, but little is known about its early evolution. Here, we summarize data about the distribution and functions of neurotransmitter systems in basal metazoans as well as outline hypotheses of their origins. We explore the scenario that neurons arose from genetically different populations of secretory cells capable of volume chemical transmission and integration of behaviours without canonical synapses. The closest representation of this primordial organization is currently found in Placozoa, disk-like animals with the simplest known cell composition but complex behaviours. We propose that injury-related signalling was the evolutionary predecessor for integrative functions of early transmitters such as nitric oxide, ATP, protons, glutamate and small peptides. By contrast, acetylcholine, dopamine, noradrenaline, octopamine, serotonin and histamine were recruited as canonical neurotransmitters relatively later in animal evolution, only in bilaterians. Ligand-gated ion channels often preceded the establishment of novel neurotransmitter systems. Moreover, lineage-specific diversification of neurotransmitter receptors occurred in parallel within Cnidaria and several bilaterian lineages, including acoels. In summary, ancestral diversification of secretory signal molecules provides unique chemical microenvironments for behaviour-driven innovations that pave the way to complex brain functions and elementary cognition. This article is part of the theme issue 'Basal cognition: multicellularity, neurons and the cognitive lens'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonid L. Moroz
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute and Whitney laboratory, University of Florida, 9505 Ocean shore Blvd, St Augustine, FL 32080, USA
| | - Daria Y. Romanova
- Laboratory of Cellular Neurobiology of Learning, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of RAS, 5A Butlerova Street, Moscow 117485, Russia
| | - Andrea B. Kohn
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute and Whitney laboratory, University of Florida, 9505 Ocean shore Blvd, St Augustine, FL 32080, USA
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Interaction of Isocitrate Lyase with Proteins Involved in the Energetic Metabolism in Paracoccidioides lutzii. J Fungi (Basel) 2020; 6:jof6040309. [PMID: 33238437 PMCID: PMC7712234 DOI: 10.3390/jof6040309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Systemic mycosis is a cause of death of immunocompromised subjects. The treatment directed to evade fungal pathogens shows severe limitations, such as time of drug exposure and side effects. The paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) treatment depends on the severity of the infection and may last from months to years. Methods: To analyze the main interactions of Paracoccidioides lutzii isocitrate lyase (ICL) regarding the energetic metabolism through affinity chromatography, we performed blue native PAGE and co-immunoprecipitation to identify ICL interactions. We also performed in silico analysis by homology, docking, hot-spot prediction and contact preference analysis to identify the conformation of ICL complexes. Results: ICL interacted with 18 proteins in mycelium, 19 in mycelium-to-yeast transition, and 70 in yeast cells. Thirty complexes were predicted through docking and contact preference analysis. ICL has seven main regions of interaction with protein partners. Conclusions: ICL seems to interfere with energetic metabolism of P. lutzii, regulating aerobic and anaerobic metabolism as it interacts with proteins from glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, TCA and methylcitrate cycles, mainly through seven hot-spot residues.
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Joshi T, Joshi T, Sharma P, Pundir H, Chandra S. In silico identification of natural fungicide from Melia azedarach against isocitrate lyase of Fusarium graminearum. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:4816-4834. [PMID: 32568603 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1780941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Isocitrate Lyase (ICL) is a crucial enzyme involved in the Glyoxylate pathway, essential for the virulence of several fungal pathogens including Fusarium graminearum. ICL is a novel target for the discovery of antifungal compounds and F. graminearum ICL inhibitors can be used to control the growth of this fungus. Although, several inhibitors of ICL have been identified, however, most of these inhibitors are not environment-friendly. Hence there is still a need to discover natural inhibitors of ICL that can be more effective. To identify a potential antifungal compound, we performed a structure-based screening of phytochemicals of Melia azedarach against the FgICL structure by molecular docking and 104 ligands were found to have a better docking score as compared to the reference molecule. These compounds were assessed for drug-likeness and ADMET prediction. After molecular docking, drug-likeness and toxicity analysis, six potential compounds (Melianoninol (-6.6 kcal/mol), Nimbinene (-7.7 kcal/mol), Vilasinin (-8.1 kcal/mol), Fraxinellone (-6.7 kcal/mol), Gedunin (-7.8 kcal/mol), and Meldenin (-7.8 kcal/mol)) were subjected for rescoring by X-Score. The structural stability and dynamics of screened compounds at the active site of FgICL were examined using MD simulation and MM-PBSA analysis. The result of MM-PBSA revealed that four phytochemicals viz. Melianoninol, Nimbinene, Vilasinin, and Fraxinellone had binding free energy of -17.25 kcal/mol, -59.35 kcal/mol, -64.79 kcal/mol, and -29.86 kcal/mol, respectively. Molecular dynamics simulation and MM-PBSA demonstrated that these four phytochemicals displayed considerable significant structural and pharmacological properties and could be probable antifungal drug candidates against F. graminearum. These phyotchemicals of M. azedarach may be suitable candidates for further experimental analysis. [Formula: see text]Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanuja Joshi
- Department of Botany, Kumaun University, Almora, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Tushar Joshi
- Department of Botany, Kumaun University, Almora, Uttarakhand, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Bhimtal Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Priyanka Sharma
- Department of Botany, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Hemlata Pundir
- Department of Botany, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Subhash Chandra
- Department of Botany, Kumaun University, Almora, Uttarakhand, India
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Abstract
Candida albicans has remained the main etiological agent of candidiasis, challenges clinicians with high mortality and morbidity. The emergence of resistance to antifungal drugs, toxicity and lower efficacy have all contributed to an urgent need to develop alternative drugs aiming at novel targets in C. albicans. Targeting the production of virulence factors, which are essential processes for infectious agents, represents an attractive substitute for the development of newer anti-infectives. The present review highlights the recent developments made in the understanding of the pathogenicity of C. albicans. Production of hydrolytic enzymes, morphogenesis and biofilm formation, along with their molecular and metabolic regulation in Candida are discussed with regard to the development of novel antipathogenic drugs against candidiasis. Over the last decade, candidiasis has remained a major problematic disease worldwide. In spite of the existence of many antifungal drugs, the treatment of such diseases has still remained unsuccessful due to drug inefficacy. Therefore, there is a need to discover antifungals with different modes of action, such as antipathogenic drugs against Candida albicans. Here, we describe how various types of virulence factors such as proteinase, phospholipase, hemolysin, adhesion, morphogenesis and biofilm formation, could be targeted to develop novel therapeutics. We can inhibit production of these virulence factors by controlling their molecular/metabolic regulation.
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Kurhekar JV. Antimicrobial lead compounds from marine plants. PHYTOCHEMICALS AS LEAD COMPOUNDS FOR NEW DRUG DISCOVERY 2020. [PMCID: PMC7153345 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-817890-4.00017-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Marine environment is a home to a very wide diversity of flora and fauna, which includes an array of genetically diverse coastline and under seawater plant species, animal species, microbial species, their habitats, ecosystems, and supporting ecological processes. The Earth is home to an estimated 10 million species, of which a large chunk belongs to marine environment. Marine plants are a store house of a variety of antimicrobial compounds like classes of marine flavonoids—flavones and flavonols, terpenoids, alkaloids, peptides, carbohydrates, fatty acids, polyketides, polysaccharides, phenolic compounds, and steroids. Lot of research today is directed toward marine species, which have proved to be a potent source of structurally widely diverse and yet highly bioactive secondary metabolites. Varied species of phylum Porifera, algae including diatoms, Chlorophyta, Euglenophyta, Dinoflagellata, Chrysophyta, cyanobacteria, Rhodophyta, and Phaeophyta, bacteria, fungi, and weeds have been exploited by mankind for their inherent indigenous biological antimicrobial compounds, produced under the extreme stressful underwater conditions of temperature, atmospheric pressure, light, and nutrition. The present study aims at presenting a brief review of bioactive marine compounds possessing antimicrobial potency.
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da Silva LS, Barbosa UR, Silva LDC, Soares CMA, Pereira M, da Silva RA. Identification of a new antifungal compound against isocitrate lyase of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Future Microbiol 2019; 14:1589-1606. [DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2019-0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To perform virtual screening of compounds based on natural products targeting isocitrate lyase of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Materials & methods: Homology modeling and molecular dynamics simulations were applied in order to obtain conformational models for virtual screening. The selected hits were tested in vitro against enzymatic activity of ICL of the dimorphic fungus P. brasiliensis and growth of the Paracoccidioides spp. The cytotoxicity and selectivity index of the compounds were defined. Results & conclusion: Carboxamide, lactone and β-carboline moieties were identified as interesting chemical groups for the design of new antifungal compounds. The compounds inhibited ICL of the dimorphic fungus P. brasiliensis activity. The compound 4559339 presented minimum inhibitory concentration of 7.3 μg/ml in P. brasiliensis with fungicidal effect at this concentration. Thus, a new potential antifungal against P. brasiliensis is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciane S da Silva
- LBM – Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, 74690-900, Brazil
- Collaborative Nucleus of Biosystems, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Jataí, Goiás, 75804-020, Brazil
| | - Uessiley R Barbosa
- Collaborative Nucleus of Biosystems, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Jataí, Goiás, 75804-020, Brazil
- UNIFIMES, Centro Universitário de Mineiros, Mineiros, Goiás, 75833-130, Brazil
| | - Lívia do C Silva
- LBM – Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Célia MA Soares
- LBM – Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Maristela Pereira
- LBM – Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Roosevelt A da Silva
- Collaborative Nucleus of Biosystems, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Jataí, Goiás, 75804-020, Brazil
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14
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Novanna M, Ethiraj K, Kannadasan S. An Overview of Synthesis of Indole Alkaloids and Biological Activities of Secondary Metabolites Isolated from Hyrtios Species. Mini Rev Med Chem 2019; 19:194-205. [DOI: 10.2174/1389557518666181102110537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Marine sponges are a rich source of more than 50% of marine natural compounds that have
been isolated from marine organisms. This review article is focused on the importance of biologically
active and pharmaceutically important secondary metabolites extracted from one of the important
classes of marine sponge Hyrtios sp. This review also deals with reported synthetic routes of some indole
alkaloids extracted from the marine sponge Hyrtios sp. A range of bioactivities displayed by
indole-based alkaloids is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Novanna
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT, Vellore-632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K.R. Ethiraj
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT, Vellore-632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S. Kannadasan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT, Vellore-632014, Tamil Nadu, India
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15
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Nicola AM, Albuquerque P, Paes HC, Fernandes L, Costa FF, Kioshima ES, Abadio AKR, Bocca AL, Felipe MS. Antifungal drugs: New insights in research & development. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 195:21-38. [PMID: 30347212 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The need for better antifungal therapy is commonly accepted in view of the high mortality rates associated with systemic infections, the low number of available antifungal classes, their associated toxicity and the increasing number of infections caused by strains with natural or acquired resistance. The urgency to expand the range of therapeutic options for the treatment of fungal infections has led researchers in recent decades to seek alternative antifungal targets when compared to the conventional ones currently used. Although new potential targets are reported, translating the discoveries from bench to bedside is a long process and most of these drugs fail to reach the patients. In this review, we discuss the development of antifungal drugs focusing on the approach of drug repurposing and the search for novel drugs for classical targets, the most recently described gene targets for drug development, the possibilities of immunotherapy using antibodies, cytokines, therapeutic vaccines and antimicrobial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrícia Albuquerque
- Faculty of Ceilândia, University of Brasília, Brazil; Graduate Programme in Microbial Biology, University of Brasília, Brazil
| | - Hugo Costa Paes
- Division of Clinical Medicine, University of Brasília Medical School, Brazil
| | - Larissa Fernandes
- Faculty of Ceilândia, University of Brasília, Brazil; Graduate Programme in Microbial Biology, University of Brasília, Brazil
| | - Fabricio F Costa
- Graduate Programme in Genomic Science and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Brasília, Brazil; MATTER, Chicago, IL, USA; Cancer Biology and Epigenomics Program, Ann & Robert Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago Research Center, Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Erika Seki Kioshima
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ana Karina Rodrigues Abadio
- School for Applied Social and Agricultural Sciences, State University of Mato Grosso, Nova Mutum Campus, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Sueli Felipe
- Graduate Programme in Genomic Science and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Brasília, Brazil; Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brazil.
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16
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Park SI, Lee YJ, Won H, Oh KB, Lee HS. Indole Alkaloids from Tropical Sponge Hyrtios sp. as Isocitrate Lyase Inhibitors. Nat Prod Commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1801300608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A new β-carboline alkaloid, 3,4-dihydrohyrtiosulawesine (8), and fifteen known alkaloids were isolated from the tropical marine sponge Hyrtios sp. Among these known compounds, β-ketoserotonin (10) has been isolated for the first time from a natural source. The structures of the isolated compounds were determined by spectroscopic analyses and comparison with literature values. Compound 8 displayed potent inhibitory activities against isocitrate lyase (IC50: 92.9 μM) from Candida albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Il Park
- Marine Natural Products Laboratory, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, 385 Haeyang-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry & Applied Chemistry, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Ju Lee
- Marine Natural Products Laboratory, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, 385 Haeyang-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoshik Won
- Department of Chemistry & Applied Chemistry, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Bong Oh
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyi-Seung Lee
- Marine Natural Products Laboratory, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, 385 Haeyang-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
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17
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Chapelais-Baron M, Goubet I, Péteri R, Pereira MDF, Mignot T, Jabveneau A, Rosenfeld E. Colony analysis and deep learning uncover 5-hydroxyindole as an inhibitor of gliding motility and iridescence in Cellulophaga lytica. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2018; 164:308-321. [PMID: 29458680 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Iridescence is an original type of colouration that is relatively widespread in nature but has been either incompletely described or entirely neglected in prokaryotes. Recently, we reported a brilliant 'pointillistic' iridescence in agar-grown colony biofilms of Cellulophaga lytica and some other marine Flavobacteria that exhibit gliding motility. Bacterial iridescence is created by a unique self-organization of sub-communities of cells, but the mechanisms underlying such living photonic crystals are unknown. In this study, we used Petri dish assays to screen a large panel of potential activators or inhibitors of C. lytica's iridescence. Derivatives potentially interfering with quorum-sensing and other communication or biofilm formation processes were tested, as well as metabolic poisons or algal exoproducts. We identified an indole derivative, 5-hydroxyindole (5HI, 250 µM) which inhibited both gliding and iridescence at the colonial level. 5HI did not affect growth or cell respiration. At the microscopic level, phase-contrast imaging confirmed that 5HI inhibits the gliding motility of cells. Moreover, the lack of iridescence correlated with a perturbation of self-organization of the cell sub-communities in both the WT and a gliding-negative mutant. This effect was proved using recent advances in machine learning (deep neuronal networks). In addition to its effect on colony biofilms, 5HI was found to stimulate biofilm formation in microplates. Our data are compatible with possible roles of 5HI or marine analogues in the eco-biology of iridescent bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maylis Chapelais-Baron
- UMR 7266 CNRS- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés, Microbial Physiology Group - Université de La Rochelle, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Avenue Michel Crépeau, 17042 La Rochelle, France
| | - Isabelle Goubet
- UMR 7266 CNRS- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés, Microbial Physiology Group - Université de La Rochelle, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Avenue Michel Crépeau, 17042 La Rochelle, France
| | - Renaud Péteri
- Laboratoire Mathématiques, Image et Applications EA 3165, Université de La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France
| | - Maria de Fatima Pereira
- UMR 7266 CNRS- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés, Microbial Physiology Group - Université de La Rochelle, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Avenue Michel Crépeau, 17042 La Rochelle, France.,Université de Caen Normandie, UNICAEN, CERMN - EA 4258, FR CNRS 3038 INC3M, SF 4206 ICORE Boulevard Becquerel, F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Tâm Mignot
- UMR 7283 CNRS Laboratoire de Chimie Bactérienne, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, University of Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Apolline Jabveneau
- UMR 7266 CNRS- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés, Microbial Physiology Group - Université de La Rochelle, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Avenue Michel Crépeau, 17042 La Rochelle, France
| | - Eric Rosenfeld
- UMR 7266 CNRS- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés, Microbial Physiology Group - Université de La Rochelle, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Avenue Michel Crépeau, 17042 La Rochelle, France
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18
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McCarthy MW, Kontoyiannis DP, Cornely OA, Perfect JR, Walsh TJ. Novel Agents and Drug Targets to Meet the Challenges of Resistant Fungi. J Infect Dis 2017; 216:S474-S483. [PMID: 28911042 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jix130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of drug-resistant fungi poses a major threat to human health. Despite advances in preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic interventions, resistant fungal infections continue to cause significant morbidity and mortality in patients with compromised immunity, underscoring the urgent need for new antifungal agents. In this article, we review the challenges associated with identifying broad-spectrum antifungal drugs and highlight novel targets that could enhance the armamentarium of agents available to treat drug-resistant invasive fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W McCarthy
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - Oliver A Cornely
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Department I of Internal Medicine, Clinical Trials Centre Cologne (ZKS Köln), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - John R Perfect
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Thomas J Walsh
- Transplantation-Oncology Infectious Diseases Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
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19
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Shady NH, El-Hossary EM, Fouad MA, Gulder TAM, Kamel MS, Abdelmohsen UR. Bioactive Natural Products of Marine Sponges from the Genus Hyrtios. Molecules 2017; 22:E781. [PMID: 28492499 PMCID: PMC6153753 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22050781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine sponges are known as a rich source for novel bioactive compounds with valuable pharmacological potential. One of the most predominant sponge genera is Hyrtios, reported to have various species such as Hyrtios erectus, Hyrtios reticulatus, Hyrtios gumminae, Hyrtios communis, and Hyrtios tubulatus and a number of undescribed species. Members of the genus Hyrtios are a rich source of natural products with diverse and valuable biological activities, represented by different chemical classes including alkaloids, sesterterpenes and sesquiterpenes. This review covers the literature until June 2016, providing a complete survey of all compounds isolated from the genus Hyrtios with their corresponding biological activities whenever applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nourhan Hisham Shady
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, P.O. Box 61111 New Minia City, Minia, Egypt.
| | - Ebaa M El-Hossary
- National Centre for Radiation Research & Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Ahmed El-Zomor St. 3, El-Zohoor Dist., P.O. Box 29 Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mostafa A Fouad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt.
| | - Tobias A M Gulder
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraβe 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Mohamed Salah Kamel
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt.
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt.
- Department of Botany II, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 3, 97082 Würzburg, Germany.
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20
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New marine natural products from sponges (Porifera) of the order Dictyoceratida (2001 to 2012); a promising source for drug discovery, exploration and future prospects. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 34:473-491. [PMID: 26802363 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of new drugs can no longer rely primarily on terrestrial resources, as they have been heavily exploited for over a century. During the last few decades marine sources, particularly sponges, have proven to be a most promising source of new natural products for drug discovery. This review considers the order Dictyoceratida in the Phylum Porifera from which the largest number of new marine natural products have been reported over the period 2001-2012. This paper examines all the sponges from the order Dictyoceratida that were reported as new compounds during the time period in a comprehensive manner. The distinctive physical characteristics and the geographical distribution of the different families are presented. The wide structural diversity of the compounds produced and the variety of biological activities they exhibited is highlighted. As a representative of sponges, insights into this order and avenues for future effective natural product discovery are presented. The research institutions associated with the various studies are also highlighted with the aim of facilitating collaborative relationships, as well as to acknowledge the major international contributors to the discovery of novel sponge metabolites. The order Dictyoceratida is a valuable source of novel chemical structures which will continue to contribute to a new era of drug discovery.
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21
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Yan J, He G, Yan F, Zhang J, Zhang G. The dicarbonylation of indoles via Friedel–Crafts reaction with dicarbonyl nitrile generated in situ and retro-cyanohydrination. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra04016k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The reaction of indole and β-carbonyl nitrile to generate dicarbonyl indoles has been developed. This process involves α-oxonation of the β-carbonyl nitrile, Friedel–Crafts reaction with indoles and retro-cyanohydrination form dicarbonyl indoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Yan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan Normal University
| | - Guangjie He
- Department of Forensic Medicine
- Xinxiang Medical University
- Xinxiang
- P. R. China
| | - Fulin Yan
- School of Pharmacy
- Xinxiang Medical University
- Xinxiang
- P. R. China
| | - Jixia Zhang
- School of Pharmacy
- Xinxiang Medical University
- Xinxiang
- P. R. China
| | - Guisheng Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan Normal University
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22
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El-Sayed MT, Suzen S, Altanlar N, Ohlsen K, Hilgeroth A. Discovery of bisindolyl-substituted cycloalkane-anellated indoles as novel class of antibacterial agents against S. aureus and MRSA. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:218-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.10.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Cascioferro S, Raffa D, Maggio B, Raimondi MV, Schillaci D, Daidone G. Sortase A Inhibitors: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives. J Med Chem 2015; 58:9108-23. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stella Cascioferro
- Dipartimento
di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Sezione
di Chimica e Tecnologie Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
- IEMEST, Istituto Euromediterraneo di Scienza e Tecnologia, Via Emerico Amari, 123, 90139 Palermo, Italy
| | - Demetrio Raffa
- Dipartimento
di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Sezione
di Chimica e Tecnologie Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Benedetta Maggio
- Dipartimento
di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Sezione
di Chimica e Tecnologie Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Valeria Raimondi
- Dipartimento
di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Sezione
di Chimica e Tecnologie Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Domenico Schillaci
- Dipartimento
di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Sezione
di Chimica e Tecnologie Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Daidone
- Dipartimento
di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Sezione
di Chimica e Tecnologie Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
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24
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Abstract
Marine indole alkaloids comprise a large and steadily growing group of secondary metabolites. Their diverse biological activities make many compounds of this class attractive starting points for pharmaceutical development. Several marine-derived indoles were found to possess cytotoxic, antineoplastic, antibacterial and antimicrobial activities, in addition to the action on human enzymes and receptors. The newly isolated indole alkaloids of marine origin since the last comprehensive review in 2003 are reported, and biological aspects will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Netz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Till Opatz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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25
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Potential Targets for Antifungal Drug Discovery Based on Growth and Virulence in Candida albicans. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2015. [PMID: 26195510 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00726-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal infections, especially infections caused by Candida albicans, remain a challenging problem in clinical settings. Despite the development of more-effective antifungal drugs, their application is limited for various reasons. Thus, alternative treatments with drugs aimed at novel targets in C. albicans are needed. Knowledge of growth and virulence in fungal cells is essential not only to understand their pathogenic mechanisms but also to identify potential antifungal targets. This article reviews the current knowledge of the mechanisms of growth and virulence in C. albicans and examines potential targets for the development of new antifungal drugs.
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26
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Potential inhibitors for isocitrate lyase of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and non-M. tuberculosis: a summary. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:895453. [PMID: 25649791 PMCID: PMC4306415 DOI: 10.1155/2015/895453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Isocitrate lyase (ICL) is the first enzyme involved in glyoxylate cycle. Many plants and microorganisms are relying on glyoxylate cycle enzymes to survive upon downregulation of tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle), especially Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). In fact, ICL is a potential drug target for MTB in dormancy. With the urge for new antitubercular drug to overcome tuberculosis treat such as multidrug resistant strain and HIV-coinfection, the pace of drug discovery has to be increased. There are many approaches to discovering potential inhibitor for MTB ICL and we hereby review the updated list of them. The potential inhibitors can be either a natural compound or synthetic compound. Moreover, these compounds are not necessary to be discovered only from MTB ICL, as it can also be discovered by a non-MTB ICL. Our review is categorized into four sections, namely, (a) MTB ICL with natural compounds; (b) MTB ICL with synthetic compounds; (c) non-MTB ICL with natural compounds; and (d) non-MTB ICL with synthetic compounds. Each of the approaches is capable of overcoming different challenges of inhibitor discovery. We hope that this paper will benefit the discovery of better inhibitor for ICL.
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27
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Guo Y, Cai S, Gu G, Guo Z, Long Z. Recent progress in the development of sortase A inhibitors as novel anti-bacterial virulence agents. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra07568h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent progress in the development of sortase A inhibitors as novel anti-virulence drugs for antibacterial therapy has been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchuan Guo
- National Glycoengineering Research Center
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- China
| | - Shuihong Cai
- Qidong Dongyue Pharmaceutical Company
- Qidong
- China
| | - Guofeng Gu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- China
| | - Zhongwu Guo
- National Glycoengineering Research Center
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- China
- Qidong Dongyue Pharmaceutical Company
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28
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Indole alkaloids from marine sources as potential leads against infectious diseases. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:375423. [PMID: 24995289 PMCID: PMC4066687 DOI: 10.1155/2014/375423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Indole alkaloids comprise a large and complex class of natural products found in a variety of marine sources. Infectious diseases remain a major threat to public health, and in the absence of long-term protective vaccines, the control of these infectious diseases is based on a small number of chemotherapeutic agents. Furthermore, the emerging resistance against these drugs makes it urgently necessary to discover and develop new, safe and, effective anti-infective agents. In this regard, the aim of this review is to highlight indole alkaloids from marine sources which have been shown to demonstrate activity against infectious diseases.
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29
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do Prado RS, Alves RJ, de Oliveira CMA, Kato L, da Silva RA, Quintino GO, do Desterro Cunha S, de Almeida Soares CM, Pereira M. Inhibition of Paracoccidioides lutzii Pb01 isocitrate lyase by the natural compound argentilactone and its semi-synthetic derivatives. PLoS One 2014; 9:e94832. [PMID: 24752170 PMCID: PMC3994062 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The dimorphic fungus Paracoccidioides spp. is responsible for paracoccidioidomycosis, the most prevalent systemic mycosis in Latin America, causing serious public health problems. Adequate treatment of mycotic infections is difficult, since fungi are eukaryotic organisms with a structure and metabolism similar to those of eukaryotic hosts. In this way, specific fungus targets have become important to search of new antifungal compound. The role of the glyoxylate cycle and its enzymes in microbial virulence has been reported in many fungal pathogens, including Paracoccidioides spp. Here, we show the action of argentilactone and its semi-synthetic derivative reduced argentilactone on recombinant and native isocitrate lyase from Paracoccidioides lutzii Pb01 (PbICL) in the presence of different carbon sources, acetate and glucose. Additionally, argentilactone and its semi-synthetic derivative reduced argentilactone exhibited relevant inhibitory activity against P. lutzii Pb01 yeast cells and dose-dependently influenced the transition from the mycelium to yeast phase. The other oxygenated derivatives tested, epoxy argentilactone and diol argentilactone-, did not show inhibitory action on the fungus. The results were supported by in silico experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Silva do Prado
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Justino Alves
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Lucília Kato
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Roosevelt Alves da Silva
- Núcleo Colaborativo de BioSistemas, Campus Jataí, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Jataí, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Silvio do Desterro Cunha
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Célia Maria de Almeida Soares
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Maristela Pereira
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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30
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Liu X, Zang Y, Sun B, Yin Y. Optimization of phage heptapeptide library-screening process for developing inhibitors of the isocitrate lyase homologue from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Med Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-013-0845-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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31
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Analysis of alkaloids from different chemical groups by different liquid chromatography methods. OPEN CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.2478/s11532-012-0037-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractAlkaloids are biologically active compounds widely used as pharmaceuticals and synthesised as secondary methabolites in plants. Many of these compounds are strongly toxic. Therefore, they are often subject of scientific interests and analysis. Since alkaloids — basic compounds appear in aqueous solutions as ionized and unionized forms, they are difficult for chromatographic separation for peak tailing, poor systems efficiency, poor separation and poor column-to-column reproducibility. For this reason it is necessity searching of more suitable chromatographic systems for analysis of the compounds. In this article we present an overview on the separation of selected alkaloids from different chemical groups by liquid chromatography thus indicating the range of useful methods now available for alkaloid analysis. Different selectivity, system efficiency and peaks shape may be achieved in different LC methods separations by use of alternative stationary phases: silica, alumina, chemically bonded stationary phases, cation exchange phases, or by varying nonaqueous or aqueous mobile phase (containing different modifier, different buffers at different pH, ion-pairing or silanol blocker reagents). Developments in TLC (NP and RP systems), HPLC (NP, RP, HILIC, ion-exchange) are presented and the advantages of each method for alkaloids analysis are discussed.
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Lee HS, Kim HK, Lee YJ, Wook Lee J, Jae Shin H, Lee JS, Kim KN, Yoon WJ, Heo SJ. Identification of New Polyprenyl Hydroquinone Derivatives from Tropical Marine Sponge lrcinia Ircinia sp. HETEROCYCLES 2012. [DOI: 10.3987/com-12-12454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Lee HS, Lee YJ, Kim CK, Park SK, Soon Kang J, Lee JS, Jae Shin H. Halenaquinone Derivatives from Tropical Marine Sponge Xestospongia sp. HETEROCYCLES 2012. [DOI: 10.3987/com-12-12424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Huang L, Cheng K, Yao B, Xie Y, Zhang Y. Iron-Promoted C–C Bond Cleavage of 1,3-Diketones: A Route to 1,2-Diketones under Mild Reaction Conditions. J Org Chem 2011; 76:5732-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jo200840y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lehao Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Kai Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Bangben Yao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yongju Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Chung SC, Jang KH, Park J, Ahn CH, Shin J, Oh KB. Sargachromanols as inhibitors of Na+/K+ ATPase and isocitrate lyase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:1958-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2011] [Revised: 02/08/2011] [Accepted: 02/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Pews-Davtyan A, Beller M. Efficient and simple zinc-mediated synthesis of 3-amidoindoles. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:6331-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob05576c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Blunt JW, Copp BR, Munro MHG, Northcote PT, Prinsep MR. Marine natural products. Nat Prod Rep 2010; 28:196-268. [PMID: 21152619 DOI: 10.1039/c005001f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 343] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John W Blunt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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Lee YJ, Han YR, Park W, Nam SH, Oh KB, Lee HS. Synthetic analogs of indole-containing natural products as inhibitors of sortase A and isocitrate lyase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:6882-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2010] [Revised: 10/01/2010] [Accepted: 10/06/2010] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Lee YJ, Lee JW, Oh CH, Heo SJ, Kang DH, Shin HJ, Lee HS. Identification of a Novel Chlorinated Fatty Acid from the Marine Rhodopirellula baltica. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2010. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2010.31.11.3421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Dunn MF, Ramírez-Trujillo JA, Hernández-Lucas I. Major roles of isocitrate lyase and malate synthase in bacterial and fungal pathogenesis. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2009; 155:3166-3175. [PMID: 19684068 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.030858-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The glyoxylate cycle is an anaplerotic pathway of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle that allows growth on C(2) compounds by bypassing the CO(2)-generating steps of the TCA cycle. The unique enzymes of this route are isocitrate lyase (ICL) and malate synthase (MS). ICL cleaves isocitrate to glyoxylate and succinate, and MS converts glyoxylate and acetyl-CoA to malate. The end products of the bypass can be used for gluconeogenesis and other biosynthetic processes. The glyoxylate cycle occurs in Eukarya, Bacteria and Archaea. Recent studies of ICL- and MS-deficient strains as well as proteomic and transcriptional analyses show that these enzymes are often important in human, animal and plant pathogenesis. These studies have extended our understanding of the metabolic pathways essential for the survival of pathogens inside the host and provide a more complete picture of the physiology of pathogenic micro-organisms. Hopefully, the recent knowledge generated about the role of the glyoxylate cycle in virulence can be used for the development of new vaccines, or specific inhibitors to combat bacterial and fungal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Dunn
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
| | - J A Ramírez-Trujillo
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
| | - I Hernández-Lucas
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
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Current awareness on yeast. Yeast 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.1622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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