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Nagtilak PJ, Mane MV, Prasad S, Cavallo L, Tantillo DJ, Kapur M. Merging Rh-Catalyzed C-H Functionalization and Cascade Cyclization to Enable Propargylic Alcohols as Three-Carbon Synthons. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203055. [PMID: 36197081 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Reported herein is a reactivity of propargyl alcohols as "Three-Carbon Synthons" in a Rh(III)-catalyzed C-H functionalization of acetanilides, leading to the synthesis of core structures of isocryptolepine, γ-carbolines, dihydrochromeno[2,3-b]indoles, and diindolylmethanes (DIM) derivatives. The transformation involves a rhodium(III)-catalyzed C-H functionalization and heteroannulation to yield indoles followed by a cascade cyclization with both external and internal nucleophiles to afford diverse products. The role of the hydroxy group, the key function of the silver additive, the origin of the reverse regioselectivity and the rate-determining step, are rationalized in conformity with the combination of experimental, noncovalent interaction analysis and DFT studies. This protocol is endowed with several salient features, including one-pot multistep cascade approach, exclusive regioselectivity, good functional group tolerance and synthesis of variety of molecular frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajyot Jayadev Nagtilak
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Manoj V Mane
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.,Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Bangalore, Karnatak, 562112, India
| | - Supreeth Prasad
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, 95616, USA
| | - Luigi Cavallo
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dean J Tantillo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, 95616, USA
| | - Manmohan Kapur
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
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2
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Govaerts S, Nakamura K, Constantin T, Leonori D. A Halogen-Atom Transfer (XAT)-Based Approach to Indole Synthesis Using Aryl Diazonium Salts and Alkyl Iodides. Org Lett 2022; 24:7883-7887. [PMID: 36268790 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Indoles are among the most important N-heterocycles in pharmaceuticals. Here, we present an alternative to the classic Fischer indole synthesis based on the radical coupling between aryl diazoniums and alkyl iodides. This iron-mediated strategy features a double role for the aryl diazoniums that sequentially activate the alkyl iodides through halogen-atom transfer and then serve as radical acceptors. The process operates under mild conditions and enables the preparation of densely functionalized indoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Govaerts
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Kento Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Timothée Constantin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Daniele Leonori
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, Aachen 52056, Germany
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3
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Mei H, Liu A, He J, Yu Y, Han J. Visible-Light-Irradiated Cascade Reaction of Indole-Tethered Alkenes to Access Tetracyclic Tetrahydro-γ-carbolines. Org Lett 2022; 24:2630-2635. [PMID: 35354314 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of indole-derived alkenes have been designed and applied in a photocatalytic cascade reaction with bromodifluoroacetate esters, affording an unknown type of tetracyclic tetrahydro-γ-carboline derivative in up to 90% yields. Mechanistic studies suggest that the reaction proceeds with tetrahydro-γ-carboline as a key intermediate. The reaction tolerates a diverse pool of substrates, which provides an efficient method for the construction of tetracyclic tetrahydro-γ-carboline compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Mei
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Aiyao Liu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jingrui He
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yingjie Yu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jianlin Han
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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4
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Guha S, Gadde S, Kumar N, Black DS, Sen S. Orthogonal Syntheses of γ-Carbolinone and Spiro[pyrrolidinone-3,3']indole Derivatives in One Pot through Reaction Telescoping. J Org Chem 2021; 86:5234-5244. [PMID: 33720725 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report a series of telescoping methodologies for one pot synthesis of biologically relevant γ-carboline derivatives 6 and spiro[pyrrolidinone-3,3']indole 7. Initially the three consecutive steps of cyclopropanation, phthalimide deprotection, and Boc-deprotection have been congregated in a single reaction vessel to afford a ∼1:1 mixture of 6 and 7. Next, careful optimization of the reaction sequence and the conditions generated an orthogonal approach to access compounds 6 and 7 exclusively. Air oxidation of the γ-carbolinones 6 afforded aromatic γ-carbolines 8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souvik Guha
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Dadri, Chithera, Gautambudh Nagar, UP 201314, India
| | | | - Naresh Kumar
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | | | - Subhabrata Sen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Dadri, Chithera, Gautambudh Nagar, UP 201314, India
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5
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Zhang H, Zhang R, Wang L, Li Y, Liao S, Zhou M. Synthesis Strategies for α‐, β‐, γ‐ and δ‐Carbolines. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education) Guizhou Medical University Guiyang 550004 P. R. China
- School of Pharmacy Guizhou Medical University Guian New District Guizhou 550004 P. R. China
| | - Rong‐Hong Zhang
- National Joint Local Engineering Laboratory for Cell Engineering and Biomedicine Technique Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine Key Laboratory of Adult Stem Cell Translational Research (Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences) Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research Guizhou Medical University Guiyang 550004 PR China
| | - Li‐Xia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education) Guizhou Medical University Guiyang 550004 P. R. China
- School of Pharmacy Guizhou Medical University Guian New District Guizhou 550004 P. R. China
| | - Yong‐Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education) Guizhou Medical University Guiyang 550004 P. R. China
- School of Pharmacy Guizhou Medical University Guian New District Guizhou 550004 P. R. China
| | - Shang‐Gao Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education) Guizhou Medical University Guiyang 550004 P. R. China
- School of Pharmacy Guizhou Medical University Guian New District Guizhou 550004 P. R. China
| | - Meng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education) Guizhou Medical University Guiyang 550004 P. R. China
- School of Pharmacy Guizhou Medical University Guian New District Guizhou 550004 P. R. China
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6
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Brindani N, Gianotti A, Giovani S, Giacomina F, Di Fruscia P, Sorana F, Bertozzi SM, Ottonello G, Goldoni L, Penna I, Russo D, Summa M, Bertorelli R, Ferrera L, Pesce E, Sondo E, Galietta LJV, Bandiera T, Pedemonte N, Bertozzi F. Identification, Structure-Activity Relationship, and Biological Characterization of 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-1 H-pyrido[4,3- b]indoles as a Novel Class of CFTR Potentiators. J Med Chem 2020; 63:11169-11194. [PMID: 32946228 PMCID: PMC8011931 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-threatening autosomal recessive disease, caused by mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) chloride channel. CFTR modulators have been reported to address the basic defects associated with CF-causing mutations, partially restoring the CFTR function in terms of protein processing and/or channel gating. Small-molecule compounds, called potentiators, are known to ameliorate the gating defect. In this study, we describe the identification of the 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole core as a novel chemotype of potentiators. In-depth structure-activity relationship studies led to the discovery of enantiomerically pure 39 endowed with a good efficacy in rescuing the gating defect of F508del- and G551D-CFTR and a promising in vitro druglike profile. The in vivo characterization of γ-carboline 39 showed considerable exposure levels and good oral bioavailability, with detectable distribution to the lungs after oral administration to rats. Overall, these findings may represent an encouraging starting point to further expand this chemical class, adding a new chemotype to the existing classes of CFTR potentiators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Brindani
- D3-PharmaChemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Ambra Gianotti
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Simone Giovani
- D3-PharmaChemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Francesca Giacomina
- D3-PharmaChemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Paolo Di Fruscia
- D3-PharmaChemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Federico Sorana
- D3-PharmaChemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Sine Mandrup Bertozzi
- Analytical Chemistry and Translational Pharmacology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Giuliana Ottonello
- Analytical Chemistry and Translational Pharmacology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Luca Goldoni
- Analytical Chemistry and Translational Pharmacology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Ilaria Penna
- D3-PharmaChemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Debora Russo
- D3-PharmaChemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Maria Summa
- Analytical Chemistry and Translational Pharmacology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Rosalia Bertorelli
- Analytical Chemistry and Translational Pharmacology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Loretta Ferrera
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Emanuela Pesce
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Elvira Sondo
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Luis J V Galietta
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy.,Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DISMET), University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Tiziano Bandiera
- D3-PharmaChemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163 Genova, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Bertozzi
- D3-PharmaChemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163 Genova, Italy
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7
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Xu SM, Wei L, Shen C, Xiao L, Tao HY, Wang CJ. Stereodivergent assembly of tetrahydro-γ-carbolines via synergistic catalytic asymmetric cascade reaction. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5553. [PMID: 31804483 PMCID: PMC6895234 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13529-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Enantiomerically enriched indole-containing heterocycles play a vital role in bioscience, medicine, and chemistry. As one of the most attractive subtypes of indole alkaloids, highly substituted tetrahydro-γ-carbolines are the basic structural unit in many natural products and pharmaceuticals. However, the syntheses of tetrahydro-γ-carbolines with high functionalities from readily available reagents are significant challenging. In particular, the stereodivergent syntheses of tetrahydro-γ-carbolines containing multi-stereogenic centers remain quite difficult. Herein, we report an expedient and stereodivergent assembly of tetrahydro-γ-carbolines with remarkably high levels of stereoselective control in an efficient cascade process from aldimine esters and indolyl allylic carbonates via a synergistic Cu/Ir catalyst system. Control experiments-guided optimization of synergistic catalysts and mechanistic investigations reveal that a stereodivergent allylation reaction and a subsequent highly stereoselective iso-Pictet-Spengler cyclization are the key elements to success. Tetrahydro-γ-carbolines are the basic structural unit in many natural products and pharmaceuticals. Here, the authors report a synergistic Cu/Ir system to assemble chiral tetrahydro-γ-carbolines via a stereodivergent allylation followed by a stereoselective iso-Pictet-Spengler cyclization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Ming Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Liang Wei
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Chong Shen
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Lu Xiao
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Hai-Yan Tao
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Chun-Jiang Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai, 230021, China.
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8
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Dai J, Dan W, Zhang Y, Wang J. Recent developments on synthesis and biological activities of γ-carboline. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 157:447-461. [PMID: 30103193 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
γ-Carboline alkaloids are a family of natural and synthetic agents that have diverse bioactivities including antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, neuropharmacological activities and so on. They constitute an important class of pharmacologically active scaffolds that exhibit biological activity via diverse mechanisms. This review provides an update on the recent developments (2010-2017) in the synthesis and biological activities of these compounds. In cases where sufficient information is available, the mechanism and the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of biological activity are presented, and based on our expertise in the field and careful analysis of the recent literature, for the potential of γ-carboline alkaloids as medicinal drugs is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangkun Dai
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenjia Dan
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yunyun Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Junru Wang
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, 201203, Shanghai, China.
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9
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Urmode TD, Dawange MA, Shinde VS, Kusurkar RS. Synthesis of spiroindolone scaffolds by Pictet-Spengler spirocyclisation using β-cyclodextrin-SO3H as a recyclable catalyst. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.05.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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10
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Dondas HA, Hempshall A, Narramore S, Kilner C, Fishwick CW, Grigg R. γ-Carboline AC190 analogues via palladium catalysed allene insertion stereo and regioselective 3- and 5-component cascades. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Kotel’nikova RA, Grigoriev VV, Smolina AV, Faingold II, Mishchenko DV, Van’kin GI, Zamoiskii VL, Poletaeva DA, Markova NA, Romanova VS, Kotel’nikov AI, Aliev G, Bachurin SO. Design of a hybrid nanostructure based on fullerene C60 and biologically active substance for modeling physiological properties of compounds. Russ Chem Bull 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-014-0750-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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12
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Warszycki D, Mordalski S, Staroń J, Bojarski AJ. Bioisosteric matrices for ligands of serotonin receptors. ChemMedChem 2015; 10:601-5. [PMID: 25772514 PMCID: PMC4471634 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201402563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The concept of bioisosteric replacement matrices is applied to explore the chemical space of serotonin receptor ligands, aiming to determine the most efficient ways of manipulating the affinity for all 5-HT receptor subtypes. Analysis of a collection of over 1 million bioisosteres of compounds with measured activity towards serotonin receptors revealed that an average of 31 % of the ligands for each target are mutual bioisosteres. In addition, the collected dataset allowed the development of bioisosteric matrices—qualitative and quantitative descriptions of the biological effects of each predefined type of bioisosteric substitution, providing favored paths of modifying the compounds. The concept exemplified here for serotonin receptor ligands can likely be more broadly applied to other target classes, thus representing a useful guide for medicinal chemists designing novel ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Warszycki
- Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343 Kraków (Poland)
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13
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Sokolov VB, Aksinenko AY, Bachurin SO. CsF-Catalyzed alkylation of gamma-carbolines with fluorine-containing 3-vinylpyridines. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363214090084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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14
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Rajagopalan R, Bandyopadhyaya A, Rajagopalan DR, Rajagopalan P. The synthesis and comparative receptor binding affinities of novel, isomeric pyridoindolobenzazepine scaffolds. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 24:576-9. [PMID: 24365159 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Revised: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Compounds 7, 8, and 9, derived from the novel scaffolds 3, 5, and 6, were synthesized and evaluated in vitro. The b,c→c,d shift of the E-phenyl ring resulted in a large decrease (ca. 20- to 1000-fold) in binding to the 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C and H2, receptors, and a modest decrease (ca. 10- to 20-fold) in binding to the 5-HT5A, D2, D5, and α1D, receptors. The b,c→d,e shift resulted in a large decrease in binding to the 5-HT1D, 5-HT2C, 5-HT6, and H1 receptors, a modest decrease in binding to 5-HT1A, 5-HT5A and D2, D5, α2B, and H2 receptors, and a large increase in affinity to the 5-HT3, 5-HT6, and σ1 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghavan Rajagopalan
- Daya Drug Discoveries, Inc., University of Missouri, St. Louis, One University Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63303, USA
| | - Acintya Bandyopadhyaya
- Daya Drug Discoveries, Inc., University of Missouri, St. Louis, One University Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63303, USA
| | - Desikan R Rajagopalan
- Daya Drug Discoveries, Inc., University of Missouri, St. Louis, One University Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63303, USA
| | - Parthasarathi Rajagopalan
- Daya Drug Discoveries, Inc., University of Missouri, St. Louis, One University Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63303, USA.
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15
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Hao WJ, Wang SY, Ji SJ. Iodine-Catalyzed Cascade Formal [3 + 3] Cycloaddition Reaction of Indolyl Alcohol Derivatives with Enaminones: Constructions of Functionalized Spirodihydrocarbolines. ACS Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/cs400703u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Juan Hao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shun-Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shun-Jun Ji
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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16
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Wang L, Xie X, Liu Y. Gold-Catalyzed Oxidative Rearrangement Involving 1,2-Acyl Migration: Efficient Synthesis of Functionalized Dihydro-γ-Carbolines from α-(2-Indolyl) Propargylic Alcohols and Imines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:13302-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201304700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Revised: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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17
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Wang L, Xie X, Liu Y. Gold-Catalyzed Oxidative Rearrangement Involving 1,2-Acyl Migration: Efficient Synthesis of Functionalized Dihydro-γ-Carbolines from α-(2-Indolyl) Propargylic Alcohols and Imines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201304700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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18
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Ivachtchenko AV, Mitkin OD, Kysil VM, Kazey VI, Okun IM. Synthesis and receptor activity of 2-substituted 8-methyl-5-(2-pyridinylethyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[4,3-b]indoles. Pharm Chem J 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-013-0887-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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19
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Lv J, Li J, Zhang-Negrerie D, Shang S, Gao Q, Du Y, Zhao K. Constructions of tetrahydro-γ-carboline skeletons via intramolecular oxidative carbon–carbon bond formation of enamines. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:1929-32. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob00039g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Subba Reddy BV, Swain M, Reddy SM, Yadav JS, Sridhar B. Gold-catalyzed domino cycloisomerization/Pictet-Spengler reaction of 2-(4-aminobut-1-yn-1-yl)anilines with aldehydes: synthesis of tetrahydropyrido[4,3-b]indole scaffolds. J Org Chem 2012. [PMID: 23205599 DOI: 10.1021/jo302068e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A domino cycloisomerization/Pictet-Spengler reaction of 2-(4-aminobut-1-yn-1-yl)aniline with aldehydes has been achieved using a AuIPrCl (5 mol %)/AgSbF(6) (10 mol %) catalytic system to produce the corresponding 1-aryl-N-tosyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyrido[4,3-b] indole derivatives in good yields. This is the first report on the synthesis of tetrahydro pyrido[4,3-b]indole scaffolds through as tandem 5-endo-dig cyclization and Pictect-Spengler reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- B V Subba Reddy
- Natural Product Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India.
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangram Gore
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai 600036, India and Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, D-93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sundarababu Baskaran
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai 600036, India and Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, D-93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Burkhard König
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai 600036, India and Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, D-93040, Regensburg, Germany
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22
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23
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Kalin JH, Butler KV, Akimova T, Hancock WW, Kozikowski AP. Second-generation histone deacetylase 6 inhibitors enhance the immunosuppressive effects of Foxp3+ T-regulatory cells. J Med Chem 2012; 55:639-51. [PMID: 22165909 DOI: 10.1021/jm200773h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Second-generation Tubastatin A analogues were synthesized and evaluated for their ability to inhibit selectively histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6). Substitutions to the carboline cap group were well-tolerated with substitution at the 2-position of both β- and γ-carbolines being optimal for HDAC6 activity and selectivity. Some compounds in this series were determined to have subnanomolar activity at HDAC6 with more than 7000 fold selectivity for HDAC6 versus HDAC1. Selected compounds were then evaluated for their ability to augment the immunosuppressive effect of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. All compounds tested were found to enhance the ability of regulatory T cells to inhibit the mitotic division of effector T cells both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that further investigation into the use of these compounds for the treatment of autoimmune disorders is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay H Kalin
- Drug Discovery Program, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
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24
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Ivashchenko AV, Mit’kin OD, Okun’ IM, Kuznetsova IV. Syntheses and radioligand activities of dimebon analogs. Pharm Chem J 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-011-0672-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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25
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Abstract
The treatment options for Alzheimer's type dementia are limited to the use of acetyl-cholinesterase inhibitors, along with memantine in some cases, and offer variable success in the treatment of cognitive impairment and to improve or stabilize activities of daily living, behavioral abnormalities, and impairment of global function. This review examines dimebolin, a nonselective antihistamine drug that has been used in Russia in the past for its antihistamine effect and has now generated considerable interest in the treatment of Alzheimer's type dementia, following results in the initial trials (Doody et al., 2008) and is currently under further evaluation. This article considers various theories proposed to explain its effect in the treatment of dementia. The results from further trials will help to clarify the future of dimebolin as a potential treatment for chronic neurodegenerative disorders that include dementia that affects 25 million people worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Sachdeva
- Moor Side Unit, Trafford General Hospital, Urmston, Manchester, UK
| | - Alistair Burns
- Psychiatry Research Group, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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26
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Dong H, Latka RT, Driver TG. Ruthenium-catalyzed γ-carbolinium ion formation from aryl azides; synthesis of dimebolin. Org Lett 2011; 13:2726-9. [PMID: 21517088 PMCID: PMC3097088 DOI: 10.1021/ol2008268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A range of γ-carbolines were produced stereoselectively from ruthenium(III)-catalyzed reactions of 3-pyridyl substituted aryl azides. Other catalysts and conditions were neither as selective nor as high-yielding. This method was used to synthesize dimebolin in a concise and efficient manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois, 60607-7061
| | - Regina T. Latka
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois, 60607-7061
| | - Tom G. Driver
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois, 60607-7061
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27
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γ-Carbolines and their hydrogenated derivatives 3.* Hydrogenated derivatives of γ-carbolines: chemical and biological poperties (Review). Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-011-0652-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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28
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Wollein U, Bracher F. The gramine route to pyrido[4,3-b]indol-3-ones - identification of a new cytotoxic lead. Sci Pharm 2010; 79:59-68. [PMID: 21617772 PMCID: PMC3097496 DOI: 10.3797/scipharm.1011-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2010] [Accepted: 12/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel approach to 3-oxo-γ-carbolines was worked out starting from methyl indol-2-ylacetate via a gramine derivative. After quaternization, ammonia and 4-methoxybenzylamine could be inserted giving appropriate 3-oxo-γ-carbolines. Condensation with 2-chlorobenzaldehyde under microwave irradiation gave a 4-(2-chlorobenzyl)-3-oxo-γ-carboline. N-methylation lead to a product with very promising antifungal and cytotoxic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Wollein
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
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29
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Ivachtchenko AV, Ivanenkov YA, Tkachenko SE. 5-hydroxytryptamine subtype 6 receptor modulators: a patent survey. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2010; 20:1171-96. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2010.494661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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30
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[11C]Dimebon, radiosynthesis and lipophilicity of a new potential PET agent for imaging of Alzheimer’s disease and Huntington’s disease. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:2529-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.02.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2010] [Revised: 02/23/2010] [Accepted: 02/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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31
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Ding S, Shi Z, Jiao N. Pd(II)-Catalyzed Synthesis of Carbolines by Iminoannulation of Internal Alkynes via Direct C−H Bond Cleavage Using Dioxygen as Oxidant. Org Lett 2010; 12:1540-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol100272s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shengtao Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhuangzhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ning Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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32
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8-Sulfonyl-substituted tetrahydro-1 H -pyrido[4,3- b ]indoles as 5-HT 6 receptor antagonists. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:782-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2009.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2009] [Revised: 10/22/2009] [Accepted: 10/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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33
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Ivachtchenko AV, Frolov EB, Mitkin OD, Kysil VM, Khvat AV, Tkachenko SE. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 5,8-disubstituted-2-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[4,3-b] indoles as 5-HT(6) and H(1) receptors antagonists. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2010; 342:740-7. [PMID: 19921682 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.200900056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis, biological evaluation, and structure-activity relationships (SAR) for a series of novel gamma-carboline analogues of Dimebon are described. Among the studied compounds, tetrahydro-gamma-carboline 5b (2,8-dimethyl-5-[cis-2-pyridin-3-ylvinyl]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-carboline) has been identified as the most potent small molecule antagonist, in particular against histamine H(1) and serotonin 5-HT(6) receptors (IC(50) < 0.45 microM and IC(50) = 0.73 microM, respectively). A thorough comparative SAR study performed for the tested compounds has revealed significant correlations between the nature of side substituents and the related antagonistic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre V Ivachtchenko
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Chemical Diversity Research Institute, Khimki, Moscow Reg, Russia.
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34
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Synthesis and biological activity of 5-styryl and 5-phenethyl-substituted 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[4,3-b]indoles. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 20:78-82. [PMID: 19945877 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2009] [Revised: 11/05/2009] [Accepted: 11/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Syntheses, biological evaluation, and structure-activity relationships for a series of novel 5-styryl and 5-phenethyl analogs of dimebolin are disclosed. The novel derivatives and dimebolin share a broad spectrum of activities against therapeutically relevant targets. Among all synthesized derivatives, 2,8-dimethyl-5-[(Z)-2-phenylvinyl]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole and its 5-phenethyl analog are the most potent blockers of 5-HT(7), 5-HT(6), 5-HT(2C), Adrenergic alpha(2) and H(1) receptors. The general affinity rank order towards the studied receptors was Z-3(2)>4(2)4(3)>>dimebolin, all of them having highest affinities to 5-HT(7) receptors.
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