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Zhang R, Dong L, Wu H, Shi X, Zhou W, Li H, Li Y, Yu C, Li Y, Nie Y, Shao L, Zhang C, Liu Y, Jonas JB, Wei W, Yang Q. mTORC1 Signaling and Negative Lens-Induced Axial Elongation. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:24. [PMID: 37466949 PMCID: PMC10362919 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.10.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The mechanism underlying axial elongation during myopia progression remains unknown. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling is associated with axial elongation. We explored whether mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling acts as the downstream pathway of EGFR and participates in negative lens-induced axial elongation (NLIAE). Methods Three-week-old male pigmented guinea pigs underwent binocular NLIAE. (1) To investigate whether EGFR is the upstream regulator of mTORC1, an EGFR inhibitor (20 µg erlotinib) was intravitreally injected once a week for three weeks. (2) To assess the effect of mTORC1 inhibition on NLIAE, an mTORC1 inhibitor (2 µg, 10 µg, and 20 µg everolimus) was intravitreally injected once a week for three weeks. (3) To explore the long-term effect of mTORC1 overactivation on axial elongation, an mTORC1 agonist (4 µg MHY1485) was intravitreally injected once a week for three months. Biometric measurements included axial length and choroidal thickness were performed. Results Compared with the guinea pigs without NLIAE, NLIAE was associated with activation of mTORC1 signaling, which was suppressed by intravitreal erlotinib injection. Intravitreally injected everolimus suppressed NLIAE-induced axial elongation, mTORC1 activation, choroidal thinning, and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α expression in the sclera. Immunofluorescence revealed that the retinal pigment epithelium was the primary location of mTORC1 activation during NLIAE. Combining NLIAE and MHY1485 intravitreal injections significantly promoted axial elongation, choroidal thinning, and peripapillary choroidal atrophy. Conclusions The mTORC1 signaling is associated with increased axial elongation, as in NLIAE, raising the possibility of inhibiting mTORC1 as a novel treatment for slowing myopia progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiheng Zhang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Dong
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Haotian Wu
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuhan Shi
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenda Zhou
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Heyan Li
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yitong Li
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuyao Yu
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yifan Li
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Nie
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Shao
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuan Zhang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yueming Liu
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wenbin Wei
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Yang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Ma C, Wu Z, Wang X, Huang M, Wei X, Wang W, Qu H, Qiaolongbatu X, Lou Y, Jing L, Fan G. A systematic comparison of anti-angiogenesis efficacy and cardiotoxicity of receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors in zebrafish model. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 450:116162. [PMID: 35830948 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Pathological angiogenesis is fundamental to progression of cancerous tumors and blinding eye diseases. Anti-angiogenic receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are in broad use for the treatment of these diseases. With more and more TKIs available, it is a challenge to make an optimal choice. It remains unclear whether TKIs demonstrate similar anti-angiogenesis activities in different tissues. Many TKIs have shown varying degrees of toxic effects that should also be considered in clinical use. This study investigates the anti-angiogenic effects of 13 FDA-approved TKIs on the intersegmental vessels (ISVs), subintestinal vessels (SIVs) and retinal vasculature in zebrafish embryos. The results show that vascular endothelial growth factor receptor TKIs (VEGFR-TKIs) exhibit anti-angiogenic abilities similarly on ISVs and SIVs, and their efficacy is consistent with their IC50 values against VEGFR2. In addition, VEGFR-TKIs selectively induces the apoptosis of endothelial cells in immature vessels. Among all TKIs tested, axitinib demonstrates a strong inhibition on retinal neovascularization at a low dose that do not strongly affect ISVs and SIVs, supporting its potential application for retinal diseases. Zebrafish embryos demonstrate cardiotoxicity after VEGFR-TKIs treatment, and ponatinib and sorafenib show a narrow therapeutic window, suggesting that these two drugs may need to be dosed more carefully in patients. We propose that zebrafish is an ideal model for studying in vivo antiangiogenic efficacy and cardiotoxicity of TKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Building 6-312, Shanghai 200240, PR China; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China
| | - Zhenghua Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Building 6-312, Shanghai 200240, PR China; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China
| | - Xue Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Building 6-312, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Mengling Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Building 6-312, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Xiaona Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Building 6-312, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Building 6-312, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Han Qu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Building 6-312, Shanghai 200240, PR China; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China
| | - Xijier Qiaolongbatu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Building 6-312, Shanghai 200240, PR China; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China
| | - Yuefen Lou
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200434, PR China.
| | - Lili Jing
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Building 6-312, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
| | - Guorong Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Building 6-312, Shanghai 200240, PR China; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China.
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