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Xiang J, Wang Y, Wang W, Yu J, Zheng L, Hong Y, Shi L, Zhang C, Chen N, Xu J, Gong X, Zhang Z, Cui H, Zhou Q, Zhang D, Liu Y, Ke Y, Shen J, Xia G, Bai X. Design, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of quinazoline derivatives as novel and potent pan-JAK inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2023; 140:106765. [PMID: 37582330 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Janus kinases (JAKs) play a critical role in modulating the function and expression of inflammatory cytokines related to rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Herein, we report the design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationships (SARs) of a series of novel quinazoline derivatives as JAK inhibitors. Among these inhibitors, compound 11n showed high potency against JAKs (JAK1/JAK2/JAK3/TYK2, IC50 = 0.40, 0.83, 2.10, 1.95 nM), desirable metabolic characters, and excellent pharmacokinetic properties. In collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) models, compound 11n exhibited significant reduction in joint swelling with good safety, which could be served as a potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbao Xiang
- The Center for Combinatorial Chemistry and Drug Discovery of Jilin University, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, PR China
| | - Yuji Wang
- Central Research Institute, National Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Wanhe Wang
- The Center for Combinatorial Chemistry and Drug Discovery of Jilin University, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, PR China
| | - Jianxin Yu
- Central Research Institute, National Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Lianyou Zheng
- The Center for Combinatorial Chemistry and Drug Discovery of Jilin University, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, PR China
| | - Yuan Hong
- Central Research Institute, National Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Lingling Shi
- The Center for Combinatorial Chemistry and Drug Discovery of Jilin University, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, PR China
| | - Chunling Zhang
- The Center for Combinatorial Chemistry and Drug Discovery of Jilin University, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, PR China
| | - Na Chen
- Central Research Institute, National Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Jia Xu
- Central Research Institute, National Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Xuelian Gong
- Central Research Institute, National Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Zhuoqi Zhang
- The Center for Combinatorial Chemistry and Drug Discovery of Jilin University, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, PR China
| | - Hongming Cui
- The Center for Combinatorial Chemistry and Drug Discovery of Jilin University, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, PR China
| | - Qian Zhou
- The Center for Combinatorial Chemistry and Drug Discovery of Jilin University, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, PR China
| | - Dapeng Zhang
- The Center for Combinatorial Chemistry and Drug Discovery of Jilin University, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, PR China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- Central Research Institute, National Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Ying Ke
- Central Research Institute, National Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Jingkang Shen
- Central Research Institute, National Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Guangxin Xia
- Central Research Institute, National Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, PR China.
| | - Xu Bai
- The Center for Combinatorial Chemistry and Drug Discovery of Jilin University, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, PR China.
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Cholinesterases Inhibition, Anticancer and Antioxidant Activity of Novel Benzoxazole and Naphthoxazole Analogs. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238511. [PMID: 36500605 PMCID: PMC9738531 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Benzoxazole and naphthoxazole fused systems are found in many biologically active molecules. Novel benzoxazole and naphthoxazole analogs functionalized by the 2,4-dihydroxyphenyl moiety were designed, obtained and evaluated as a broad spectrum of biological potency compounds. Sulfinylbis[(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)methanethione] or its analogs and 2-aminophenols or 1-amino-2-naphthol were used as starting reagents. 4-(Naphtho[1,2-d][1,3]oxazol-2-yl)benzene-1,3-diol was identified as the most promising compound of the nanomolar activity against AChE (IC50 = 58 nM) of the mixed-type inhibition and of the moderate activity against BChE (IC50 = 981 nM). The higher antiproliferative potency against a panel of human cancer cell lines for naphtho[1,2-d][1,3]oxazoles than for benzoxazoles was found. The activity of the analog with chlorine atom was in the range of 2.18-2.89 µM (IC50) against all studied cells and it is similar to that of cisplatin studied comparatively. Moreover, this compound was not toxic at this concentration to human normal breast cells and keratinocytes. For some compounds it also has proved antioxidant properties at the level of IC50 = 0.214 µM, for the most active compound. The lipophilicity of all compounds, expressed as log p values, is within the range recommended for potential drugs. The biological activity profile of the considered analogs and their lipophilic level justify the search for agents used in AD or in anticancer therapy in this group of compounds.
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3
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Discovery and SAR Study of Quinoxaline–Arylfuran Derivatives as a New Class of Antitumor Agents. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14112420. [DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel class of quinoxaline–arylfuran derivatives were designed, synthesized, and preliminarily evaluated for their antiproliferative activities in vitro against several cancer cell lines and normal cells. The representative derivative QW12 exerts a potent antiproliferative effect against HeLa cells (IC50 value of 10.58 μM), through inducing apoptosis and triggering ROS generation and the accumulation of HeLa cells in vitro. Western blot analysis showed that QW12 inhibits STAT3 phosphorylation (Y705) in a dose-dependent manner. The BLI experiment directly demonstrated that QW12 binds to the STAT3 recombination protein with a KD value of 67.3 μM. Furthermore, molecular docking investigation showed that QW12 specifically occupies the pY+1 and pY-X subpocket of the SH2 domain, thus blocking the whole transmission signaling process. In general, these findings indicated that the study of new quinoxaline–aryfuran derivatives as inhibitors of STAT3 may lead to new therapeutic medical applications for cancer in the future.
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Sanachai K, Mahalapbutr P, Tabtimmai L, Seetaha S, Kittikool T, Yotphan S, Choowongkomon K, Rungrotmongkol T. Discovery of JAK2/3 Inhibitors from Quinoxalinone-Containing Compounds. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:33587-33598. [PMID: 36157733 PMCID: PMC9494680 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Janus kinases (JAKs) are involved in a wide variety of cell signaling associated with T-cell and B-cell mediated diseases. The pathogenesis of common lymphoid-derived diseases and leukemia cancer has been implicated in JAK2 and JAK3. Therefore, to decrease the risk of these diseases, targeting this pathway using JAK2/3 inhibitors could serve as a valuable research tool. Herein, we used a combination of the computational and biological approaches to identify the quinoxalinone-based dual inhibitors of JAK2/3. First, an in-house library of 49 quinoxalinones was screened by molecular docking. Then, the inhibitory activities of 17 screened compounds against both JAKs as well as against two human erythroleukemia cell lines, TF1 and HEL were examined. The obtained results revealed that several quinoxalinones could potentially inhibit JAK2/3, and among them, ST4j showed strong inhibition against JAKs with the IC50 values of 13.00 ± 1.31 nM for JAK2 and 14.86 ± 1.29 nM for JAK3, which are better than ruxolitinib and tofacitinib. In addition, ST4j potentially inhibited TF1 cells (IC50 of 15.53 ± 0.82 μM) and HEL cells (IC50 of 17.90 ± 1.36 μM), similar to both tofacitinib ruxolitinib. Mechanistically, ST4j inhibited JAK2 autophosphorylation and induced cell apoptosis in dose- and time-dependent manners. From molecular dynamics simulations, ST4j was mainly stabilized by van der Waals interactions, and its hydroxyl group could form hydrogen bonds in the hinge region at residues S936 and R938 of JAK2. This research highlights the potential of ST4j to be a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of lymphoid-derived diseases and leukemia cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamonpan Sanachai
- Center
of Excellence in Structural and Computational Biology Research Unit,
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Panupong Mahalapbutr
- Department
of Biochemistry, and Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of
Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Lueacha Tabtimmai
- Department
of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology of North Bangkok, Bangkok 10800, Thailand
| | - Supaphorn Seetaha
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart
University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Tanakorn Kittikool
- Department
of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Sirilata Yotphan
- Department
of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Kiattawee Choowongkomon
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart
University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Thanyada Rungrotmongkol
- Center
of Excellence in Structural and Computational Biology Research Unit,
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Program
in
Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Babu S, Nagarajan SK, Sathish S, Negi VS, Sohn H, Madhavan T. Identification of Potent and Selective JAK1 Lead Compounds Through Ligand-Based Drug Design Approaches. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:837369. [PMID: 35529449 PMCID: PMC9068899 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.837369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
JAK1 plays a significant role in the intracellular signaling by interacting with cytokine receptors in different types of cells and is linked to the pathogenesis of various cancers and in the pathology of the immune system. In this study, ligand-based pharmacophore modeling combined with virtual screening and molecular docking methods was incorporated to identify the potent and selective lead compounds for JAK1. Initially, the ligand-based pharmacophore models were generated using a set of 52 JAK1 inhibitors named C-2 methyl/hydroxyethyl imidazopyrrolopyridines derivatives. Twenty-seven pharmacophore models with five and six pharmacophore features were generated and validated using potency and selectivity validation methods. During potency validation, the Guner-Henry score was calculated to check the accuracy of the generated models, whereas in selectivity validation, the pharmacophore models that are capable of identifying selective JAK1 inhibitors were evaluated. Based on the validation results, the best pharmacophore models ADHRRR, DDHRRR, DDRRR, DPRRR, DHRRR, ADRRR, DDHRR, and ADPRR were selected and taken for virtual screening against the Maybridge, Asinex, Chemdiv, Enamine, Lifechemicals, and Zinc database to identify the new molecules with novel scaffold that can bind to JAK1. A total of 4,265 hits were identified from screening and checked for acceptable drug-like properties. A total of 2,856 hits were selected after ADME predictions and taken for Glide molecular docking to assess the accurate binding modes of the lead candidates. Ninety molecules were shortlisted based on binding energy and H-bond interactions with the important residues of JAK1. The docking results were authenticated by calculating binding free energy for protein–ligand complexes using the MM-GBSA calculation and induced fit docking methods. Subsequently, the cross-docking approach was carried out to recognize the selective JAK1 lead compounds. Finally, top five lead compounds that were potent and selective against JAK1 were selected and validated using molecular dynamics simulation. Besides, the density functional theory study was also carried out for the selected leads. Through various computational studies, we observed good potency and selectivity of these lead compounds when compared with the drug ruxolitinib. Compounds such as T5923555 and T5923531 were found to be the best and can be further validated using in vitro and in vivo methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathya Babu
- Computational Biology Lab, Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, India
| | - Santhosh Kumar Nagarajan
- Computational Biology Lab, Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, India
| | - Sruthy Sathish
- Computational Biology Lab, Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, India
| | - Vir Singh Negi
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| | - Honglae Sohn
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Carbon Materials, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Thirumurthy Madhavan, ; Honglae Sohn,
| | - Thirumurthy Madhavan
- Computational Biology Lab, Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, India
- *Correspondence: Thirumurthy Madhavan, ; Honglae Sohn,
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Karati D, Mahadik KR, Trivedi P, Kumar D. The Emerging Role of Janus Kinase Inhibitors in the Treatment of Cancer. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2022; 22:221-233. [PMID: 35232350 DOI: 10.2174/1568009622666220301105214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. The Janus kinase (JAK) signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signalling pathway is activated abnormally, which promotes carcinogenesis. Several cytokines are important cancer drivers. These proteins bind to receptors and use the Janus kinase (JAK) and STAT pathways to communicate their responses. Cancer risks are linked to genetic differences in the JAK-STAT system. JAK inhibitors have shown to reduce STAT initiation, tissue propagation, and cell existence in preclinical investigations in solid tumour cell line models. JAK inhibitors, notably ruxolitinib, a, JAK1 or 2 blockers, make cell lines and mouse models more susceptible to radiotherapy, biological response modifier therapy, and oncolytic viral treatment. Numerous JAK antagonists have been or are now being evaluated in cancerous patients as monotherapy or by combining with other drugs in clinical studies. In preclinical investigations, certain JAK inhibitors showed promise anticancer effects; however, clinical trials explicitly evaluating their effectiveness against the JAK/STAT system in solid tumours have yet to be completed. JAK inhibition is a promising strategy to target the JAK/STAT system in solid tumours, and it deserves to be tested further in clinical studies. The function of directing Janus kinases (JAKs), an upstream accelerator of STATs, as a technique for lowering STAT activity in various malignant circumstances is summarized in this article, which will help scientists to generate more specific drug molecules in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipanjan Karati
- Poona college of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be Unoiversity), Erandwane, Pune- 411038, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kakasaheb Ramoo Mahadik
- Centre of Innovation and Translational Research, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth, Pune 411038, India
| | - Piyush Trivedi
- Centre of Innovation and Translational Research, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth, Pune 411038, India
| | - Dileep Kumar
- Poona college of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be Unoiversity), Erandwane, Pune- 411038, Maharashtra, India
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7
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Suzuki Y, Takehara R, Miura K, Ito R, Suzuki N. Regioselective Synthesis of Trisubstituted Quinoxalines Mediated by Hypervalent Iodine Reagents. J Org Chem 2021; 86:16892-16900. [PMID: 34797078 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A facile and regioselective synthesis of quinoxalines, an important motif in medicinal chemistry and materials sciences, was developed. Despite their prospective utility, the regioselective preparation of trisubstituted quinoxalines has not been previously established. In the reported system, hypervalent iodine reagents catalyzed the annulation between α-iminoethanones and o-phenylenediamines in a chemo/regioselective manner to afford trisubstituted quinoxalines. Excellent regioselectivities (6:1 to 1:0) were achieved using [bis(trifluoroacetoxy)iodo]benzene and [bis(trifluoroacetoxy)iodo]pentafluorobenzene as annulation catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Suzuki
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, 102-8554 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ren Takehara
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, 102-8554 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kasumi Miura
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, 102-8554 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryota Ito
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, 102-8554 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Suzuki
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, 102-8554 Tokyo, Japan
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Hi-JAK-ing the ubiquitin system: The design and physicochemical optimisation of JAK PROTACs. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115326. [PMID: 32001089 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PROTACs have recently emerged as a novel paradigm in drug discovery. They can hijack existing biological machinery to selectively degrade proteins of interest, in a catalytic fashion. Here we describe the design, optimisation and biological activity of a set of novel PROTACs targeting the Janus kinase family (JAK1, JAK2, JAK3 and TYK2) of proximal membrane-bound proteins. The JAK family proteins display membrane localisation by virtue of their association with cytoplasmic tails of cytokine receptors, and there are no reports of a successful PROTAC strategy being deployed against this class of proteins. JAK PROTACs from two distinct JAK chemotypes were designed, optimising the physicochemical properties for each template to enhance cell permeation. These PROTACs are capable of inducing JAK1 and JAK2 degradation, demonstrating an extension of the PROTAC methodology to an unprecedented class of protein targets. A number of known ligase binders were explored, and it was found that PROTACs bearing an inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) ligand induced significantly more JAK degradation over Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) and Cereblon (CRBN) PROTACs. In addition, the mechanism of action of the JAK PROTACs was elucidated, and it was confirmed that JAK degradation was both IAP- and proteasome-dependent.
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Understanding the structural features of JAK2 inhibitors: a combined 3D-QSAR, DFT and molecular dynamics study. Mol Divers 2019; 23:845-874. [PMID: 30617940 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-018-09913-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
JAK2 plays a critical role in JAK/STAT signaling pathway and in patho-mechanism of myeloproliferative disorders and autoimmune diseases. Thus, effective JAK2 inhibitors provide a promising opportunity for the pharmaceutical intervention of many diseases. In this work, 3D-QSAR study was performed on a series of 1-amino-5H-pyrido-indole-4-carboxamide derivatives as JAK2 inhibitors to obtain reliable comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) and comparative molecular similarity analysis (CoMSIA) models with three different alignment methods. Among the different alignment methods, ligand-based (CoMFA: q2 = 0.676, r2 = 0.979; CoMSIA: q2 = 0.700, r2 = 0.953) and pharmacophore-based alignment (CoMFA: q2 = 0.710, r2 = 0.982; CoMSIA: q2 = 0.686, r2 = 0.960) has produced better statistical results when compared to receptor-based alignment (CoMFA: q2 = 0.507, r2 = 0.979; CoMSIA: q2 = 0.544, r2 = 0.917). Statistical parameters indicated that data are well fitted and have high predictive ability. The presence of electrostatic and hydrophobic field is highly desirable for potent inhibitory activity, and the steric field plays a minor role in modulating the activity. The contour analysis indicates ARG980, ASN981, ASP939 and LEU937 have more possibility of interacting with bulky, hydrophobic groups in pyrido and positive and negative groups in pyrazole ring. Based on our findings, we have designed sixteen molecules and predicted its activity and drug-like properties. Subsequently, molecular docking, molecular dynamics and DFT calculations were performed to evaluate its potency.
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Jasuja H, Chadha N, Singh PK, Kaur M, Bahia MS, Silakari O. Putative dual inhibitors of Janus kinase 1 and 3 (JAK1/3): Pharmacophore based hierarchical virtual screening. Comput Biol Chem 2018; 76:109-117. [PMID: 29990790 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Janus kinase 1 and 3 are non-receptor protein tyrosine kinases, involved in the regulation of various cytokines implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune and inflammatory disease conditions. Thus, they serve as therapeutic targets for the designing of multi-targeted agents for the treatment of inflammatory-mediated pathological conditions. In the present study, diverse inhibitors of JAK1 and JAK3 were considered for the development of ligand-based pharmacophore models, followed by docking analysis to design putative dual inhibitors. The pharmacophore models were generated in PHASE 3.4, and top five models for each target were selected on the basis of survival minus inactive score. The best model for JAK1 (AAADH.25) and JAK3 (ADDRR.142) were selected corresponding to the highest value of Q2test. Both models were employed for the screening of a PHASE database, and subsequently, the retrieved hits were filtered employing molecular docking in JAK1 and JAK3 proteins. The stable interactions between retrieved hits and proteins were confirmed using molecular dynamics simulations. Finally, ADME properties of screened dual inhibitors displaying essential interactions with both proteins were calculated. Thus, the new leads obtained in this way may be prioritized for experimental validation as potential novel therapeutic agents in the treatment of various autoimmune and inflammatory disorders related to JAK1 and JAK3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haneesh Jasuja
- Molecular Modeling Lab (MML), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India
| | - Navriti Chadha
- Molecular Modeling Lab (MML), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar Singh
- Molecular Modeling Lab (MML), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India
| | - Maninder Kaur
- Molecular Modeling Lab (MML), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India
| | - Malkeet Singh Bahia
- Molecular Modeling Lab (MML), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India
| | - Om Silakari
- Molecular Modeling Lab (MML), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India.
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Keri RS, Pandule SS, Budagumpi S, Nagaraja BM. Quinoxaline and quinoxaline-1,4-di-N
-oxides: An emerging class of antimycobacterials. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2018; 351:e1700325. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201700325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rangappa S. Keri
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University; Jain Global Campus; Bangalore India
| | | | - Srinivasa Budagumpi
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University; Jain Global Campus; Bangalore India
| | - Bhari M. Nagaraja
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University; Jain Global Campus; Bangalore India
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13
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Molecular dynamics and integrated pharmacophore-based identification of dual [Formula: see text] inhibitors. Mol Divers 2017; 22:95-112. [PMID: 29138965 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-017-9794-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Despite increase in the understanding of the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), it remains a tough challenge. The advent of kinases involved in key intracellular pathways in pathogenesis of RA may provide a new phase of drug discovery for RA. The present study is aimed to identify dual JAK3/[Formula: see text] inhibitors by developing an optimum pharmacophore model integrating the information revealed by ligand-based pharmacophore models and structure-based pharmacophore models (SBPMs). For JAK3 inhibitors, the addition of an aromatic ring feature and for [Formula: see text] the addition of a hydrophobic feature proposed by SBPMs lead to five-point pharmacophore (i.e., AADHR.54 (JAK3)) and six-point pharmacophore (i.e., AAAHRR.45 ([Formula: see text])). The obtained pharmacophores were validated and used for virtual screening and then for docking-based screening. Molecules were further evaluated for ADME properties, and their docked protein complexes were subjected to MM-GBSA energy calculations and molecular dynamic simulations. The top two hit compounds with novel scaffolds 2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline and benzo[d]oxazole showed inhibitory activity for JAK3 and [Formula: see text].
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Kaur M, Silakari O. Ligand-based and e-pharmacophore modeling, 3D-QSAR and hierarchical virtual screening to identify dual inhibitors of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) and janus kinase 3 (JAK3). J Biomol Struct Dyn 2016; 35:3043-3060. [PMID: 27678281 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2016.1240108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The clinical efficacy of multiple kinase inhibitors has caught the interest of Pharmaceutical and Biotech researchers to develop potential drugs with multi-kinase inhibitory activity for complex diseases. In the present work, we attempted to identify dual inhibitors of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) and janus kinase 3 (JAK3), keys players in immune signaling, by developing ideal pharmacophores integrating Ligand-based pharmacophore models (LBPMs) and Structure-based pharmacophore models (SBPMs), thereby projecting the optimum pharmacophoric required for inhibition of both the kinases. The four point LBPM; ADPR.14 suggested the presence of one hydrogen bond acceptor, one hydrogen bond donor, one positive ionizable, and one ring aromatic feature for Syk inhibitory activity and AADH.54 proposed the necessity of two hydrogen bond acceptor, one hydrogen bond donor, and one hydrophobic feature for JAK3 inhibitory activity. To our interest, SBPMs identified additional ring aromatic features required for inhibition of both the kinases. For Syk inhibitory activity, the hydrogen bond acceptor feature indicated by LBPM was devoid of forming hydrogen bonding interaction with the hinge region amino acid residue (Ala451). Thus merging the information revealed by both LBPMs and SBPMs, ideal pharmacophore models i.e. ADPRR.14 (Syk) and AADHR.54 (JAK3) were generated. These models after rigorous statistical validation were used for screening of Asinex database. The systematic virtual screening protocol, including pharmacophore and docking-based screening, ADME property, and MM-GBSA energy calculations, retrieved final 10 hits as dual inhibitors of Syk and JAK3. Final 10 hits thus obtained can aid in the development of potential therapeutic agents for autoimmune disorders. Also the top two hits were evaluated against both the enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maninder Kaur
- a Molecular Modeling Lab (MML), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research , Punjabi University , Patiala , Punjab 147002 , India
| | - Om Silakari
- a Molecular Modeling Lab (MML), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research , Punjabi University , Patiala , Punjab 147002 , India
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15
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Xiong X, Yuan H, Zhang Y, Xu J, Ran T, Liu H, Lu S, Xu A, Li H, Jiang Y, Lu T, Chen Y. Protein flexibility oriented virtual screening strategy for JAK2 inhibitors. J Mol Struct 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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16
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Höfener M, Pachl F, Kuster B, Sewald N. Inhibitor-based affinity probes for the investigation of JAK signaling pathways. Proteomics 2015; 15:3066-74. [PMID: 25959371 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The Janus Kinase (JAK) signaling pathway plays a key role for many cellular processes and has recently been correlated with neuronal disorders. In order to understand new links of JAK family members with other signaling pathways, chemical proteomics tools with broad kinase coverage are desirable. A probe that shows outstanding kinase selectivity and allows for the enrichment of up to 133 kinases including many mitogen activated kinase (MAPK) members and JAK kinases has been developed. Furthermore, this probe was applied to establish the selectivity profile of the JAK1/2 inhibitor momelotinib that is currently evaluated in clinical phase 3 studies. These results render this probe a valuable tool for the investigation of JAK and JAK related signaling pathways and the selectivity profiling of kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Höfener
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Fiona Pachl
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kuster
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany.,Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Norbert Sewald
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
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17
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Jasuja H, Chadha N, Kaur M, Silakari O. Pharmacophore and docking-based virtual screening approach for the design of new dual inhibitors of Janus kinase 1 and Janus kinase 2. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2014; 25:617-636. [PMID: 25148044 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2014.884163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Janus kinase 1 and 2, non-receptor protein tyrosine kinases, are implicated in various cancerous diseases. Involvement of these two enzymes in the pathways that stimulate cell proliferation in cancerous conditions makes them potential therapeutic targets for designing new dual-targeted agents for the treatment of cancer. In the present study, two separate pharmacophore models were developed and the best models for JAK1 (AAADH.25) and JAK2 (ADRR.92) were selected on the basis of their external predictive ability. Both models were subjected to a systematic virtual screening (VS) protocol using a PHASE database of 1.5 million molecules. The hits retrieved in VS were investigated for ADME properties to avoid selection of molecules with a poor pharmacokinetic profile. The molecules considered to be within the range of acceptable limits of ADME properties were further employed for docking simulations with JAK1 and JAK2 proteins to explore the final hits that possess structural features of both pharmacophore models as well as display essential interactions with both of them. Thus, the new molecules obtained in this way should show inhibitory activity against JAK1 and JAK2 and may serve as novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of cancerous disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Jasuja
- a Molecular Modeling Lab (MML), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research , Punjabi University , Patiala , India
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18
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Sathe RY, Kulkarni SA, Sella RN, Madhavan T. Computational identification of JAK2 inhibitors: a combined pharmacophore mapping and molecular docking approach. Med Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-014-1223-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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19
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Abstract
Consisting of four members, JAK1, JAK2, JAK3 and TYK2, the JAK kinases have emerged as important targets for proliferative and immune-inflammatory disorders. Recent progress in the discovery of selective inhibitors has been significant, with selective compounds now reported for each isoform. This article summarizes the current state-of-the-art with a discussion of the most recently described selective compounds. X-ray co-crystal structures reveal the molecular reasons for the observed biochemical selectivity. A concluding analysis of JAK inhibitors in the clinic highlights increased clinical trial activity and diversity of indications. Selective JAK inhibitors, as single agents or in combination regimens, have a very promising future in the treatment of oncology, immune and inflammatory diseases.
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20
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Jasuja H, Chadha N, Kaur M, Silakari O. Dual inhibitors of Janus kinase 2 and 3 (JAK2/3): designing by pharmacophore- and docking-based virtual screening approach. Mol Divers 2014; 18:253-67. [PMID: 24415188 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-013-9497-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
JAK2 and JAK3 are non-receptor protein tyrosine kinases implicated in B-cell- and T-cell-mediated diseases. Both enzymes work via different pathways but are involved in the pathogenesis of common lymphoid-derived diseases. Hence, targeting both Janus kinases together can be a potential strategy for the treatment of these diseases. In the present study, two separate pharmacophore-based 3D-QSAR models ADRR.92 (Q(2)(test)0.663, R(2)(train) 0.849, F value 219.3) for JAK2 and ADDRR.142 (Q(2)(test)0.655, R(2)(train) 0.869, F value 206.9) for JAK3 were developed. These models were employed for the screening of a PHASE database of approximately 1.5 million compounds; subsequently, the retrieved hits were screened employing docking simulations with JAK2 and JAK3 proteins. Finally, ADME properties of screened dual inhibitors displaying essential interactions with both proteins were calculated to filter candidates with poor pharmacokinetic profiles. These candidates could serve as novel therapeutic agents in the treatment of lymphoid-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haneesh Jasuja
- Molecular Modeling Lab (MML), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala , 147002, Punjab, India
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21
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Catalytic application of recyclable silica-supported bismuth(III) chloride in the benzo[N,N]-heterocyclic condensation. J Organomet Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2013.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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22
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Menet CJ, Rompaey LV, Geney R. Advances in the discovery of selective JAK inhibitors. PROGRESS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2013; 52:153-223. [PMID: 23384668 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-62652-3.00004-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we describe the current knowledge of the biology of the JAKs. The JAK family comprises the four nonreceptor tyrosine kinases JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, and Tyk2, all key players in the signal transduction from cytokine receptors to transcription factor activation. We also review the progresses made towards the optimization of JAK inhibitors and the importance of their selectivity profile. Indeed, the full array of many medicinal chemistry enabling tools (HTS, X-ray crystallography, scaffold morphing, etc.) has been deployed to successfully design molecules that discriminate among JAK family and other kinases. While the first JAK inhibitor was launched in 2011, this review also summarizes the status of several other small-molecule JAK inhibitors currently in development to treat arthritis, psoriasis, organ rejection, and multiple cancer types.
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23
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Abstract
JAK kinases are critical mediators in development, differentiation, and homeostasis and accordingly, have become well-validated targets for drug discovery efforts. In recent years, the integration of X-ray crystallography in kinase-focused drug discovery programs has provided a powerful rationale for chemical modification by allowing a unique glimpse of a bound inhibitor to its target. Such structural information has not only led to an improved understanding of the key drivers of potency and specificity of several JAK-specific compounds but has greatly facilitated and accelerated the design of compounds with improved pharmacokinetic properties.JAK kinases are traditionally difficult candidates to express in significant quantities, generally requiring eukaryotic expression systems, protein engineering, mutations to yield soluble, homogeneous samples suitable for crystallization studies. Here we review the key methods utilized to express, purify, and crystallize the JAK kinases and provide a detail description of the methods that we have developed to express, purify, and crystallize recombinant JAK1 and JAK2 proteins in the presence of small molecule inhibitors.
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24
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SAR and in vivo evaluation of 4-aryl-2-aminoalkylpyrimidines as potent and selective Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:7653-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2012] [Revised: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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25
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Aghapoor K, Mohsenzadeh F, Mohebi Morad M, Darabi HR. Sustainable approach to tandem catalysis: Expedient access to quinoxalines and pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazines from α-hydroxyketones via microwave-induced [(NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2O – PEG 300] polar paste catalyst system. CR CHIM 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2012.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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26
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Andraos R, Qian Z, Bonenfant D, Rubert J, Vangrevelinghe E, Scheufler C, Marque F, Régnier CH, De Pover A, Ryckelynck H, Bhagwat N, Koppikar P, Goel A, Wyder L, Tavares G, Baffert F, Pissot-Soldermann C, Manley PW, Gaul C, Voshol H, Levine RL, Sellers WR, Hofmann F, Radimerski T. Modulation of activation-loop phosphorylation by JAK inhibitors is binding mode dependent. Cancer Discov 2012; 2:512-523. [PMID: 22684457 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-11-0324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors are being developed for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, myeloproliferative neoplasms, and leukemias. Most of these drugs target the ATP-binding pocket and stabilize the active conformation of the JAK kinases. This type I binding mode can lead to an increase in JAK activation loop phosphorylation, despite blockade of kinase function. Here we report that stabilizing the inactive state via type II inhibition acts in the opposite manner, leading to a loss of activation loop phosphorylation. We used X-ray crystallography to corroborate the binding mode and report for the first time the crystal structure of the JAK2 kinase domain in an inactive conformation. Importantly, JAK inhibitor-induced activation loop phosphorylation requires receptor interaction, as well as intact kinase and pseudokinase domains. Hence, depending on the respective conformation stabilized by a JAK inhibitor, hyperphosphorylation of the activation loop may or may not be elicited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Andraos
- Disease Area Oncology, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Zhiyan Qian
- Disease Area Oncology, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Débora Bonenfant
- Developmental and Molecular Pathways, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Joëlle Rubert
- Disease Area Oncology, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Eric Vangrevelinghe
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Clemens Scheufler
- Center for Proteomic Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fanny Marque
- Disease Area Oncology, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Catherine H Régnier
- Disease Area Oncology, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alain De Pover
- Disease Area Oncology, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hugues Ryckelynck
- Disease Area Oncology, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Neha Bhagwat
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program and Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center.,Gerstner Sloan Kettering Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Priya Koppikar
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program and Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
| | - Aviva Goel
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program and Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
| | - Lorenza Wyder
- Disease Area Oncology, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gisele Tavares
- Center for Proteomic Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fabienne Baffert
- Disease Area Oncology, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Paul W Manley
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Gaul
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hans Voshol
- Developmental and Molecular Pathways, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ross L Levine
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program and Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
| | - William R Sellers
- Disease Area Oncology, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Hofmann
- Disease Area Oncology, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Radimerski
- Disease Area Oncology, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
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27
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Kumar KS, Rambabu D, Sandra S, Kapavarapu R, Krishna GR, Basaveswara Rao MV, Chatti K, Reddy CM, Misra P, Pal M. AlCl3 induced (hetero)arylation of 2,3-dichloroquinoxaline: a one-pot synthesis of mono/disubstituted quinoxalines as potential antitubercular agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:1711-22. [PMID: 22316553 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Revised: 01/07/2012] [Accepted: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A direct and single-step method has been developed for the synthesis of mono and 2,3-disubstituted quinoxalines by using a AlCl(3) induced (hetero)arylation of 2,3-dichloroquinoxaline. Both symmetrical and unsymmetrical 2,3-disubstituted quinoxalines can be prepared conveniently by using this method under appropriate reaction conditions. The reaction proceeds via C-C bond formation and can be utilized for the preparation of a variety of quinoxaline derivatives from readily available starting materials and reagents. The molecular structure of a representative compound was confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction study. Some of the compounds synthesized were tested for chorismate mutase inhibitory properties in vitro and one compound showed promising activity representing one of the few examples of chorismate mutase inhibition by a heteroarene based small molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Shiva Kumar
- Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, India
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28
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Schenkel LB, Huang X, Cheng A, Deak HL, Doherty E, Emkey R, Gu Y, Gunaydin H, Kim JL, Lee J, Loberg R, Olivieri P, Pistillo J, Tang J, Wan Q, Wang HL, Wang SW, Wells MC, Wu B, Yu V, Liu L, Geuns-Meyer S. Discovery of potent and highly selective thienopyridine Janus kinase 2 inhibitors. J Med Chem 2011; 54:8440-50. [PMID: 22087750 DOI: 10.1021/jm200911r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Developing Janus kinase 2 (Jak2) inhibitors has become a significant focus for small molecule drug discovery programs in recent years due to the identification of a Jak2 gain-of-function mutation in the majority of patients with myeloproliferative disorders (MPD). Here, we describe the discovery of a thienopyridine series of Jak2 inhibitors that culminates with compounds showing 100- to >500-fold selectivity over the related Jak family kinases in enzyme assays. Selectivity for Jak2 was also observed in TEL-Jak cellular assays, as well as in cytokine-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) and whole blood assays. X-ray cocrystal structures of 8 and 19 bound to the Jak2 kinase domain aided structure-activity relationship efforts and, along with a previously reported small molecule X-ray cocrystal structure of the Jak1 kinase domain, provided structural rationale for the observed high levels of Jak2 selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie B Schenkel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Amgen, Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA.
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29
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Alicea-Velázquez NL, Boggon TJ. The use of structural biology in Janus kinase targeted drug discovery. Curr Drug Targets 2011; 12:546-55. [PMID: 21126226 DOI: 10.2174/138945011794751528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2010] [Accepted: 10/04/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The Janus kinases (or Jak kinases) mediate cytokine and growth factor signal transduction. Acquired or inherited Jak mutations can result in dysregulation of Jak-mediated signal transduction and can be critical to disease acquisition in neoplasias including acute myeloid, acute lymphoblastic and acute megakaryoblastic leukemias, and in rare X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency. The discovery of an acquired Jak2 point mutation, V617F, in significant numbers of patients with classical myeloproliferative disorders has increased the interest in development of Jak2-specific tyrosine kinase inhibitors and consequently there are now over 20 publically available structures of Jak kinase domains that describe all four family members, Jak1, Jak2, Jak3, and Tyk2. Here we review the recent advances in understanding the druggable structure and function of the Jak family, with a focus on the structural biology of the Jak kinase domain. We will discuss how these advances impact the development of Jak-targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilda L Alicea-Velázquez
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St., SHM B-316A, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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30
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Wang T, Ioannidis S, Almeida L, Block MH, Davies AM, Lamb ML, Scott DA, Su M, Zhang HJ, Alimzhanov M, Bebernitz G, Bell K, Zinda M. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of 6-aminopyrazolyl-pyridine-3-carbonitriles as JAK2 kinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:2958-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Revised: 03/14/2011] [Accepted: 03/15/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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31
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Aghapoor K, Mohsenzadeh F, Talebian S, Tehrani MJ, Balavar Y, Khanalizadeh G, Darabi HR. Vitamin B1 as a metal-ion-free natural catalyst for sustainable quinoxaline ring condensation under sonochemical conditions. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-011-0487-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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32
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Rubert J, Qian Z, Andraos R, Guthy DA, Radimerski T. Bim and Mcl-1 exert key roles in regulating JAK2V617F cell survival. BMC Cancer 2011; 11:24. [PMID: 21247487 PMCID: PMC3037340 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-11-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2010] [Accepted: 01/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The JAK2V617F mutation plays a major role in the pathogenesis of myeloproliferative neoplasms and is found in the vast majority of patients suffering from polycythemia vera and in roughly every second patient suffering from essential thrombocythemia or from primary myelofibrosis. The V617F mutation is thought to provide hematopoietic stem cells and myeloid progenitors with a survival and proliferation advantage. It has previously been shown that activated JAK2 promotes cell survival by upregulating the anti-apoptotic STAT5 target gene Bcl-xL. In this study, we have investigated the role of additional apoptotic players, the pro-apoptotic protein Bim as well as the anti-apoptotic protein Mcl-1. Methods Pharmacological inhibition of JAK2/STAT5 signaling in JAK2V617F mutant SET-2 and MB-02 cells was used to study effects on signaling, cell proliferation and apoptosis by Western blot analysis, WST-1 proliferation assays and flow cytometry. Cells were transfected with siRNA oligos to deplete candidate pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins. Co-immunoprecipitation assays were performed to assess the impact of JAK2 inhibition on complexes of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins. Results Treatment of JAK2V617F mutant cell lines with a JAK2 inhibitor was found to trigger Bim activation. Furthermore, Bim depletion by RNAi suppressed JAK2 inhibitor-induced cell death. Bim activation following JAK2 inhibition led to enhanced sequestration of Mcl-1, besides Bcl-xL. Importantly, Mcl-1 depletion by RNAi was sufficient to compromise JAK2V617F mutant cell viability and sensitized the cells to JAK2 inhibition. Conclusions We conclude that Bim and Mcl-1 have key opposing roles in regulating JAK2V617F cell survival and propose that inactivation of aberrant JAK2 signaling leads to changes in Bim complexes that trigger cell death. Thus, further preclinical evaluation of combinations of JAK2 inhibitors with Bcl-2 family antagonists that also tackle Mcl-1, besides Bcl-xL, is warranted to assess the therapeutic potential for the treatment of chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joëlle Rubert
- Disease Area Oncology, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
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33
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Yang SH, Khadka DB, Cho SH, Ju HK, Lee KY, Han HJ, Lee KT, Cho WJ. Virtual screening and synthesis of quinazolines as novel JAK2 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:968-77. [PMID: 21185195 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2010] [Revised: 11/23/2010] [Accepted: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Su Hui Yang
- Research Institute of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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34
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Martin LJ, Marzinzik AL, Ley SV, Baxendale IR. Safe and Reliable Synthesis of Diazoketones and Quinoxalines in a Continuous Flow Reactor. Org Lett 2010; 13:320-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol1027927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia J. Martin
- Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Forum 1, 4056 Basel, Switzerland, and Innovative Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Andreas L. Marzinzik
- Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Forum 1, 4056 Basel, Switzerland, and Innovative Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Steven V. Ley
- Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Forum 1, 4056 Basel, Switzerland, and Innovative Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Ian R. Baxendale
- Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Forum 1, 4056 Basel, Switzerland, and Innovative Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
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35
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Baffert F, Régnier CH, De Pover A, Pissot-Soldermann C, Tavares GA, Blasco F, Brueggen J, Chène P, Drueckes P, Erdmann D, Furet P, Gerspacher M, Lang M, Ledieu D, Nolan L, Ruetz S, Trappe J, Vangrevelinghe E, Wartmann M, Wyder L, Hofmann F, Radimerski T. Potent and selective inhibition of polycythemia by the quinoxaline JAK2 inhibitor NVP-BSK805. Mol Cancer Ther 2010; 9:1945-55. [PMID: 20587663 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-10-0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The recent discovery of an acquired activating point mutation in JAK2, substituting valine at amino acid position 617 for phenylalanine, has greatly improved our understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms. Strikingly, the JAK2(V617F) mutation is found in nearly all patients suffering from polycythemia vera and in roughly every second patient suffering from essential thrombocythemia and primary myelofibrosis. Thus, JAK2 represents a promising target for the treatment of myeloproliferative neoplasms and considerable efforts are ongoing to discover and develop inhibitors of the kinase. Here, we report potent inhibition of JAK2(V617F) and JAK2 wild-type enzymes by a novel substituted quinoxaline, NVP-BSK805, which acts in an ATP-competitive manner. Within the JAK family, NVP-BSK805 displays more than 20-fold selectivity towards JAK2 in vitro, as well as excellent selectivity in broader kinase profiling. The compound blunts constitutive STAT5 phosphorylation in JAK2(V617F)-bearing cells, with concomitant suppression of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis. In vivo, NVP-BSK805 exhibited good oral bioavailability and a long half-life. The inhibitor was efficacious in suppressing leukemic cell spreading and splenomegaly in a Ba/F3 JAK2(V617F) cell-driven mouse mechanistic model. Furthermore, NVP-BSK805 potently suppressed recombinant human erythropoietin-induced polycythemia and extramedullary erythropoiesis in mice and rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabienne Baffert
- Disease Area Oncology, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4057 Basel, Switzerland
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