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Pereira de Oliveira Borlot JR, Schlittler Dos Santos L, Schwarzt Sampaio GJ, Santos Borges A, Rodrigues RP, de Cássia Ribeiro Gonçalves R, Bezerra Dos Santos R, Kitagawa RR. Synthesis, Docking Studies and Evaluation of Chalcones as Anti-Helicobacter pylori and antitumoral Agents. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202301066. [PMID: 37646700 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori colonizes the gastric epithelium of 50 % of world population and it is the main etiological agent of human chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. In this study, we synthesized and characterized a series of 14 chalcones and evaluated their anti-H. pylori, NO inhibition (in vitro and in silico), and AGS cells cytotoxic effects. Compounds 3b and 3h showed MIC of 8 μg/mL. We observed structure-activity relationships, mainly related to the influence of methoxy substituent at C-2 (3b) and the nitro group at C-4 (3h) in chalcone scaffold. The fourteen chalcones inhibited the NO production in LPS-stimulated macrophages and showed potential for interaction on the active site of the iNOS enzyme. Finally, 3b and 3h showed the highest selectivity to the AGS cell lines. Thus, ours results suggest 3b and 3h as potential candidates for design of new and effective agents against H. pylori and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Rodrigues Pereira de Oliveira Borlot
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Avenida Marechal Campos 1468, Bonfim, 29047-105, Vitória, ES, Brazil
- Graduate Program of Chemistry, Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Avenida Fernando Ferrari 514, Goiabeiras, 29075-910, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Luna Schlittler Dos Santos
- Department of Chemistry, Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Avenida Fernando Ferrari 514, Goiabeiras, 29075-910, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Guilherme José Schwarzt Sampaio
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Avenida Marechal Campos 1468, Bonfim, 29047-105, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Augusto Santos Borges
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Avenida Marechal Campos 1468, Bonfim, 29047-105, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Pereira Rodrigues
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Avenida Marechal Campos 1468, Bonfim, 29047-105, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Rita de Cássia Ribeiro Gonçalves
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Avenida Marechal Campos 1468, Bonfim, 29047-105, Vitória, ES, Brazil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Avenida Marechal Campos 1468, Bonfim, 29047-105, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Reginaldo Bezerra Dos Santos
- Department of Chemistry, Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Avenida Fernando Ferrari 514, Goiabeiras, 29075-910, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Rezende Kitagawa
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Avenida Marechal Campos 1468, Bonfim, 29047-105, Vitória, ES, Brazil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Avenida Marechal Campos 1468, Bonfim, 29047-105, Vitória, ES, Brazil
- Graduate Program of Chemistry, Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Avenida Fernando Ferrari 514, Goiabeiras, 29075-910, Vitória, ES, Brazil
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Michalkova R, Kello M, Cizmarikova M, Bardelcikova A, Mirossay L, Mojzis J. Chalcones and Gastrointestinal Cancers: Experimental Evidence. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065964. [PMID: 36983038 PMCID: PMC10059739 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal (CRC) and gastric cancers (GC) are the most common digestive tract cancers with a high incidence rate worldwide. The current treatment including surgery, chemotherapy or radiotherapy has several limitations such as drug toxicity, cancer recurrence or drug resistance and thus it is a great challenge to discover an effective and safe therapy for CRC and GC. In the last decade, numerous phytochemicals and their synthetic analogs have attracted attention due to their anticancer effect and low organ toxicity. Chalcones, plant-derived polyphenols, received marked attention due to their biological activities as well as for relatively easy structural manipulation and synthesis of new chalcone derivatives. In this study, we discuss the mechanisms by which chalcones in both in vitro and in vivo conditions suppress cancer cell proliferation or cancer formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radka Michalkova
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Martin Kello
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Martina Cizmarikova
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Annamaria Bardelcikova
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Ladislav Mirossay
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Jan Mojzis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
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Mostafa SM, Aly AA, Bräse S, Mohamed AH. An efficient approach for the synthesis of novel series of 1,3-dihydrospiro[indene-2,6ʹ-[1,3]thiazine] derivatives. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-021-02878-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Choi HR, Lim H, Lee JH, Park H, Kim HP. Interruption of Helicobacter pylori-Induced NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation by Chalcone Derivatives. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2021; 29:410-418. [PMID: 33653970 PMCID: PMC8255143 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2020.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori causes chronic gastritis through cag pathogenicity island (cagPAI), vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA), lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and flagellin as pathogen-related molecular patterns (PAMPs), which, in combination with the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) of host cells promotes the expression and secretion of inflammation-causing cytokines and activates innate immune responses such as inflammasomes. To identify useful compounds against H. pylori-associated gastric disorders, the effect of chalcone derivatives to activate the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor family, pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome was examined in an H. pylori-infected human monocytic THP-1 cell line in this study. Among the five synthetic structurally-related chalcone derivatives examined, 2'-hydroxy-4',6'-dimethoxychalcone (8) and 2'-hydroxy-3,4,5- trimethoxychalcone (12) strongly blocked the NLRP3 inflammasome in H. pylori-infected THP-1 cells. At 10 μM, these compounds inhibited the production of active IL-1β, IL-18, and caspase-1, and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC) oligomerization, but did not affect the expression levels of NLRP3, ASC, and pro-caspase-1. The interruption of NLRP3 inflammasome activation by these compounds was found to be mediated via the inhibition of the interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4)/IκBα/NF-κB signaling pathway. These compounds also inhibited caspase-4 production associated with non-canonical NLRP3 inflammasome activation. These results show for the first time that certain chalcones could interrupt the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in H. pylori-infected THP-1 cells. Therefore, these chalcones may be helpful in alleviating H. pylori-related inflammatory disorders including chronic gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Ri Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Lim
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeil Park
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Pyo Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
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Ghobadi E, Ghanbarimasir Z, Emami S. A review on the structures and biological activities of anti-Helicobacter pylori agents. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 223:113669. [PMID: 34218084 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is one of the main causal risk factor in the generation of chronic gastritis, gastroduodenal ulcers and gastric carcinoma. Thus, the eradication of H. pylori infection is an important way for preventing and managing the gastric diseases. Multiple-therapy with several antibacterial agents is used for the eradication of H. pylori infections; however the increase of resistance to H. pylori strains has resulted in unsatisfactory eradication and unsuccessful treatment. Furthermore, the combination therapy with high dosing leads to the disruption of intestinal microbial flora and undesired side effects. Therefore, the search for new therapeutic agents with high selectivity against H. pylori is a field of current interest. In recent years, diverse compounds originating from natural sources or synthetic drug design programs were evaluated and tried to optimize for applying against H. pylori. In this review, we have described various classes of anti-H. pylori compounds, their structure-activity relationship studies, and mechanism of actions, which could be useful for the development of new drugs for the treatment of H. pylori infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Ghobadi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Zahra Ghanbarimasir
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Saeed Emami
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
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Jain S, Kumar S, Lamba BY, Patra J, Mahindroo N. Nanocatalysts: Applications in synthesis of chalcones – a review. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2020.1817941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sapna Jain
- Department of Applied Sciences and Humanities, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Department of Applied Sciences and Humanities, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Bhawna Yadav Lamba
- Department of Applied Sciences and Humanities, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Jeevan Patra
- School of Health Sciences, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Neeraj Mahindroo
- School of Health Sciences, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
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Emeri FTDASD, Rosalen PL, Paganini ÉR, Garcia MAR, Nazaré AC, Lazarini JG, Alencar SMD, Regasini LO, Sardi JDCO. Antimicrobial activity of nitrochalcone and pentyl caffeate against hospital pathogens results in decreased microbial adhesion and biofilm formation. BIOFOULING 2019; 35:129-142. [PMID: 30950296 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2019.1574763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the antimicrobial, anti-adhesion and anti-biofilm activity of the modified synthetic molecules nitrochalcone (NC-E05) and pentyl caffeate (C5) against microorganisms which have a high incidence in hospital-acquired infections. The compounds were further tested for their preliminary systemic toxicity in vivo. NC-E05 and C5 showed antimicrobial activity, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging between 15.62 and 31.25 μg ml-1. Treatment with NC-E05 and C5 at 1 × MIC and/or 10 × MIC significantly reduced mono or mixed-species biofilm formation and viability. At MIC/2, the compounds decreased microbial adhesion to HaCaT keratinocytes from 1 to 3 h (p < 0.0001). In addition, NC-E05 and C5 demonstrated low toxicity in vivo in the Galleria mellonella model at anti-biofilm concentrations. Thus, the chemical modification of these molecules proved to be effective in the proposed anti-biofilm activity, opening opportunities for the development of new antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro Luiz Rosalen
- a Department of Physiological Sciences , Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas , Piracicaba , SP , Brazil
| | - Éder Ramos Paganini
- b Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences , Júlio de Mesquita Filho University , São Jose do Rio Preto , Brazil
| | - Mayara Aparecida Rocha Garcia
- b Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences , Júlio de Mesquita Filho University , São Jose do Rio Preto , Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Nazaré
- b Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences , Júlio de Mesquita Filho University , São Jose do Rio Preto , Brazil
| | - Josy Goldoni Lazarini
- a Department of Physiological Sciences , Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas , Piracicaba , SP , Brazil
| | - Severino Matias de Alencar
- c Department of Agri-Food Industry, Food and Nutrition , "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo , Piracicaba , Brazil
| | - Luis Octávio Regasini
- b Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences , Júlio de Mesquita Filho University , São Jose do Rio Preto , Brazil
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Kang GD, Kim DH. Ponciretin attenuates ethanol-induced gastric damage in mice by inhibiting inflammatory responses. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 43:179-186. [PMID: 28013186 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poncirin (PO) and isosakuranetin (or ponciretin [PT]) are compounds found in fruits of the genus Citrus. They are frequently used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of inflammation and asthma. Therefore, we examined their anti-gastritis effects in vitro and in vivo. METHODS The anti-inflammatory effects of PO and PT were examined using ethanol- or LPS-stimulated KATO III cells. Gastritis was induced in ICR mice via intragastric injection of absolute ethanol. Levels of inflammatory markers were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunoblotting, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Treatment with PT or PO inhibited the secretion of interleukin (IL)-8 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in ethanol- or LPS-stimulated KATO III cells. They also reduced the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Pre-treatment with PT or PO significantly protected against ethanol-induced hemorrhagic gastritis, characterized by edema, tissue erosions, and mucosal friability in mice. Treatment with PT or PO suppressed ethanol-induced NF-κB activation and the release of TNF, IL-8, and IFN-γ. The protective effect of PT was greater than that of PO and comparable to ranitidine, a positive control. CONCLUSION PT may attenuate ethanol-induced gastritis by inhibiting the infiltration of immune cells, including neutrophils, via the regulation of CXCL4 (or IL-8) secretion and the activation NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geum-Dan Kang
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
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Figueiredo CP, Ferreira NC, Passos GF, Costa RD, Neves FS, Machado CSC, Mascarello A, Chiaradia-Delatorre LD, Neuenfeldt PD, Nunes RJ, Cordeiro Y. Toxicological Evaluation of Anti-Scrapie Trimethoxychalcones and Oxadiazoles. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2015; 87:1421-34. [PMID: 26247149 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201520140712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
An altered form of the cellular prion protein, the PrPScor PrPRes, is implicated in the occurrence of the still untreatable transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. We have previously synthesized and characterized aromatic compounds that inhibit protease-resistant prion protein (PrPRes) accumulation in scrapie-infected cells. These compounds belong to different chemical classes, including acylhydrazones, chalcones and oxadiazoles. Some of the active compounds were non-toxic to neuroblastoma cells in culture and seem to possess drugable properties, since they are in agreement with the Lipinski´s rule of 5 and present desirable pharmacokinetic profiles as predicted in silico. Before the evaluation of the in vivo efficacy of the aromatic compounds in scrapie-infected mice, safety assessment in healthy mice is needed. Here we used Swiss mice to evaluate the acute toxicity profile of the six most promising anti-prionic compounds, the 2,4,5-trimethoxychalcones (J1, J8, J20 and J35) and the 1,3,4-oxadiazoles (Y13 and Y17). One single oral administration (300 mg/kg) of J1, J8, J20, J35, Y13 and Y17 or repeated intraperitoneal administration (10 mg/kg, 3 times a week, for 4 weeks) of J1, J8 and J35, did not elicit toxicity in mice. We strongly believe that the investigated trimethoxychalcones and oxadiazoles are interesting compounds to be further analyzed in vivo against prion diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia P Figueiredo
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR
| | - Natalia C Ferreira
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR
| | - Giselle F Passos
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR
| | - Robson da Costa
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR
| | - Fernanda S Neves
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR
| | - Clarice S C Machado
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR
| | - Alessandra Mascarello
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, BR
| | | | - Patrícia D Neuenfeldt
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, BR
| | - Ricardo J Nunes
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, BR
| | - Yraima Cordeiro
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR
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Vale FF, Oleastro M. Overview of the phytomedicine approaches against Helicobacter pylori. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:5594-5609. [PMID: 24914319 PMCID: PMC4024768 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i19.5594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) successfully colonizes the human stomach of the majority of the human population. This infection always causes chronic gastritis, but may evolve to serious outcomes, such as peptic ulcer, gastric carcinoma or mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. H. pylori first line therapy recommended by the Maastricht-4 Consensus Report comprises the use of two antibiotics and a proton-pomp inhibitor, but in some regions failure associated with this treatment is already undesirable high. Indeed, treatment failure is one of the major problems associated with H. pylori infection and is mainly associated with bacterial antibiotic resistance. In order to counteract this situation, some effort has been allocated during the last years in the investigation of therapeutic alternatives beyond antibiotics. These include vaccines, probiotics, photodynamic inactivation and phage therapy, which are briefly revisited in this review. A particular focus on phytomedicine, also described as herbal therapy and botanical therapy, which consists in the use of plant extracts for medicinal purposes, is specifically addressed, namely considering its history, category of performed studies, tested compounds, active principle and mode of action. The herbs already experienced are highly diverse and usually selected from products with a long history of employment against diseases associated with H. pylori infection from each country own folk medicine. The studies demonstrated that many phytomedicine products have an anti-H. pylori activity and gastroprotective action. Although the mechanism of action is far from being completely understood, current knowledge correlates the beneficial action of herbs with inhibition of essential H. pylori enzymes, modulation of the host immune system and with attenuation of inflammation.
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Rao YK, Lien HM, Lin YH, Hsu YM, Yeh CT, Chen CC, Lai CH, Tzeng YM. Antibacterial activities of Anisomeles indica constituents and their inhibition effect on Helicobacter pylori-induced inflammation in human gastric epithelial cells. Food Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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12
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Chang CS, Liu JF, Lin HJ, Lin CD, Tang CH, Lu DY, Sing YT, Chen LY, Kao MC, Kuo SC, Lai CH. Synthesis and bioevaluation of novel 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzylbenzimidazole derivatives that inhibit Helicobacter pylori-induced pathogenesis in human gastric epithelial cells. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 48:244-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Revised: 11/16/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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13
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Verbeke H, Geboes K, Van Damme J, Struyf S. The role of CXC chemokines in the transition of chronic inflammation to esophageal and gastric cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2011; 1825:117-29. [PMID: 22079531 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2011.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Revised: 10/28/2011] [Accepted: 10/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation may increase the risk to develop cancer, for instance esophagitis or gastritis may lead to development of esophageal or gastric cancer, respectively. The key molecules attracting leukocytes to local inflammatory sites are chemokines. We here provide a systematic review on the impact of CXC chemokines (binding the receptors CXCR1, CXCR2, CXCR3 and CXCR4) on the transition of chronic inflammation in the upper gastrointestinal tract to neoplasia. CXCR2 ligands, including GRO-α,β,γ/CXCL1,2,3, ENA-78/CXCL5 and IL-8/CXCL8 chemoattract pro-tumoral neutrophils. In addition, angiogenic CXCR2 ligands stimulate the formation of new blood vessels, facilitating tumor progression. The CXCR4 ligand SDF-1/CXCL12 also promotes tumor development by stimulating angiogenesis and by favoring metastasis of CXCR4-positive tumor cells to distant organs producing SDF-1/CXCL12. Furthermore, these angiogenic chemokines also directly enhance tumor cell survival and proliferation. In contrast, the CXCR3 ligands Mig/CXCL9, IP-10/CXCL10 and I-TAC/CXCL11 are angiostatic and attract anti-tumoral T lymphocytes and may therefore mediate tumor growth retardation and regression. Thus, chemokines exert diverging, sometimes dual roles in tumor biology as described for esophageal and gastric cancer. Therefore extensive research is needed to completely unravel the complex chemokine code in specific cancers. Possibly, chemokine-targeted cancer therapy will have to be adapted to the individual's chemokine profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannelien Verbeke
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven (K.U.Leuven), Belgium
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