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Bagetta D, Maruca A, Lupia A, Mesiti F, Catalano R, Romeo I, Moraca F, Ambrosio FA, Costa G, Artese A, Ortuso F, Alcaro S, Rocca R. Mediterranean products as promising source of multi-target agents in the treatment of metabolic syndrome. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 186:111903. [PMID: 31787360 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Alteration of nutritional habits play an essential role on the risk of developing Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). Several epidemiological studies have shown that assuming diets rich of foods included in the Mediterranean diet (MetDiet) pattern like, such as olive oil, nuts, fruit, fiber, vegetables, wine and grain cereals has protective effects on the different risk factors characterizing the MetS. The beneficial effects of the MetDiet in the MetS are mainly due to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the most abundant phytochemical components of such foods as polyphenols like resveratrol and oleuropein, allyl sulfides, ellagic acid, mono- and poly-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA and PUFA), tocopherols and flavonoids like quercetin, which have shown positive results in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), with related risk factors, like hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and obesity. In this review, we highlighted the multi-target activities of the bioactive components contained in some foods typical of the Mediterranean area like olive oil, onion, liquorice, rosemary, oregano, hazelnut, pistachio, "Melannurca" apple, red wine, hot pepper, Citrus sp. fruits, saffron and garlic, with particular focus on their impact on health outcomes in relation to MetS main key factors, such as insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), endothelial dysfunctions, inflammatory response, oxidative stress and dyslipidaemic and hypercholesterolemic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Bagetta
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Annalisa Maruca
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Lupia
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Mesiti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Raffaella Catalano
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Isabella Romeo
- Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, via Pietro Bucci, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Federica Moraca
- Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Francesca Alessandra Ambrosio
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Giosuè Costa
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Anna Artese
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Ortuso
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefano Alcaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Roberta Rocca
- Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Græcia" University, Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
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Aghazadeh Tabrizi M, Baraldi PG, Baraldi S, Gessi S, Merighi S, Borea PA. Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, and Clinical Implications of TRPV1 Receptor Antagonists. Med Res Rev 2016; 37:936-983. [PMID: 27976413 DOI: 10.1002/med.21427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) is an ion channel expressed on sensory neurons triggering an influx of cations. TRPV1 receptors function as homotetramers responsive to heat, proinflammatory substances, lipoxygenase products, resiniferatoxin, endocannabinoids, protons, and peptide toxins. Its phosphorylation increases sensitivity to both chemical and thermal stimuli, while desensitization involves a calcium-dependent mechanism resulting in receptor dephosphorylation. TRPV1 functions as a sensor of noxious stimuli and may represent a target to avoid pain and injury. TRPV1 activation has been associated to chronic inflammatory pain and peripheral neuropathy. Its expression is also detected in nonneuronal areas such as bladder, lungs, and cochlea where TRPV1 activation is responsible for pathology development of cystitis, asthma, and hearing loss. This review offers a comprehensive overview about TRPV1 receptor in the pathophysiology of chronic pain, epilepsy, cough, bladder disorders, diabetes, obesity, and hearing loss, highlighting how drug development targeting this channel could have a clinical therapeutic potential. Furthermore, it summarizes the advances of medicinal chemistry research leading to the identification of highly selective TRPV1 antagonists and their analysis of structure-activity relationships (SARs) focusing on new strategies to target this channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Aghazadeh Tabrizi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pier Giovanni Baraldi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefania Baraldi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefania Gessi
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefania Merighi
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pier Andrea Borea
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
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Métayer B, Compain G, Jouvin K, Martin-Mingot A, Bachmann C, Marrot J, Evano G, Thibaudeau S. Chemo- and stereoselective synthesis of fluorinated enamides from ynamides in HF/pyridine: second-generation approach to potent ureas bioisosteres. J Org Chem 2015; 80:3397-410. [PMID: 25569215 DOI: 10.1021/jo502699y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
(E)- and (Z)-α-fluoroenamides could be easily prepared with high levels of chemo- and regioselectivities by hydrofluorination of readily available ynamides with HF/pyridine. The scope and limitations of this new process for the hydrofluorination of ynamides, as well as the stability of the resulting α-fluoroenamides, have been extensively studied. Theoretical calculations at the MP2 and B3LYP levels of theory showed that the resulting fluoroenamides exhibit geometrical and electronic properties that partially mirror those of ureas, therefore demonstrating that the hydrofluorination of ynamides provides a general, straightforward, and user-friendly approach to bioisosteres of ureas, potent building blocks for biological studies and medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Métayer
- †Superacid Group in "Organic Synthesis" Team, Université de Poitiers, CNRS UMR 7285 IC2MP, Bât. B28, 4 rue Michel Brunet, TSA 51106, 86073 Poitiers Cedex 09, France
| | - Guillaume Compain
- †Superacid Group in "Organic Synthesis" Team, Université de Poitiers, CNRS UMR 7285 IC2MP, Bât. B28, 4 rue Michel Brunet, TSA 51106, 86073 Poitiers Cedex 09, France
| | - Kévin Jouvin
- ‡Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UMR CNRS 8180, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, 45, avenue des Etats-Unis, 78035 Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Agnès Martin-Mingot
- †Superacid Group in "Organic Synthesis" Team, Université de Poitiers, CNRS UMR 7285 IC2MP, Bât. B28, 4 rue Michel Brunet, TSA 51106, 86073 Poitiers Cedex 09, France
| | - Christian Bachmann
- §Computational Chemistry Group in "Catalysis and Renewable Carbon" Team, Université de Poitiers, CNRS UMR 7285 IC2MP, TSA 51106, 86073 Poitiers Cedex 09, France
| | - Jérôme Marrot
- ‡Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UMR CNRS 8180, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, 45, avenue des Etats-Unis, 78035 Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Gwilherm Evano
- ∥Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50, CP160/06, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sébastien Thibaudeau
- †Superacid Group in "Organic Synthesis" Team, Université de Poitiers, CNRS UMR 7285 IC2MP, Bât. B28, 4 rue Michel Brunet, TSA 51106, 86073 Poitiers Cedex 09, France
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Steinberg X, Lespay-Rebolledo C, Brauchi S. A structural view of ligand-dependent activation in thermoTRP channels. Front Physiol 2014; 5:171. [PMID: 24847275 PMCID: PMC4017155 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) proteins are a large family of ion channels, grouped into seven sub-families. Although great advances have been made regarding the activation and modulation of TRP channel activity, detailed molecular mechanisms governing TRP channel gating are still needed. Sensitive to electric, chemical, mechanical, and thermal cues, TRP channels are tightly associated with the detection and integration of sensory input, emerging as a model to study the polymodal activation of ion channel proteins. Among TRP channels, the temperature-activated kind constitute a subgroup by itself, formed by Vanilloid receptors 1–4, Melastatin receptors 2, 4, 5, and 8, TRPC5, and TRPA1. Some of the so-called “thermoTRP” channels participate in the detection of noxious stimuli making them an interesting pharmacological target for the treatment of pain. However, the poor specificity of the compounds available in the market represents an important obstacle to overcome. Understanding the molecular mechanics underlying ligand-dependent modulation of TRP channels may help with the rational design of novel synthetic analgesics. The present review focuses on the structural basis of ligand-dependent activation of TRPV1 and TRPM8 channels. Special attention is drawn to the dissection of ligand-binding sites within TRPV1, PIP2-dependent modulation of TRP channels, and the structure of natural and synthetic ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximena Steinberg
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Physiology, Universidad Austral de Chile Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia, Chile ; Faculty of Sciences, Graduate School, Universidad Austral de Chile Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Carolyne Lespay-Rebolledo
- Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Universidad de Chile Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastian Brauchi
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Physiology, Universidad Austral de Chile Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia, Chile
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