1
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Luo Z, Yao J, Wang Z, Xu J. Mitochondria in endothelial cells angiogenesis and function: current understanding and future perspectives. J Transl Med 2023; 21:441. [PMID: 37407961 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04286-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) angiogenesis is the process of sprouting new vessels from the existing ones, playing critical roles in physiological and pathological processes such as wound healing, placentation, ischemia/reperfusion, cardiovascular diseases and cancer metastasis. Although mitochondria are not the major sites of energy source in ECs, they function as important biosynthetic and signaling hubs to regulate ECs metabolism and adaptations to local environment, thus affecting ECs migration, proliferation and angiogenic process. The understanding of the importance and potential mechanisms of mitochondria in regulating ECs metabolism, function and the process of angiogenesis has developed in the past decades. Thus, in this review, we discuss the current understanding of mitochondrial proteins and signaling molecules in ECs metabolism, function and angiogeneic signaling, to provide new and therapeutic targets for treatment of diverse cardiovascular and angiogenesis-dependent diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology/Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road 800, Minhang District, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianbo Yao
- Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Zhe Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology/Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road 800, Minhang District, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianxiong Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology/Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road 800, Minhang District, Shanghai, China.
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2
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He JX, Zhang ZH, Mu BS, Cui XY, Zhou J, Yu JS. Catalyst-Free and Solvent-Controlled Divergent Synthesis of Difluoromethylene-Containing S-Heterocycles. J Org Chem 2021; 86:9206-9217. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Xiong He
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Hao Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Bo-Shuai Mu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yuan Cui
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Sheng Yu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, P. R. China
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3
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Zhang Y, Lai W, Zhang L, Gao X, Qiu G, Zhou H. The copper-catalyzed synthesis of ( Z)-2 H-naphtho[1,8- bc]thiophenes with solid emission. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:1827-1834. [PMID: 33565557 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02233k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, one of the main research interests of our group has been the construction of 6/5 π-systems through the regioselective conversion of parallel alkynes in naphthalene with the aim of exploiting potential fluorescent materials. Herein, the copper-catalyzed synthesis of polysubstituted (Z)-2H-naphtho[1,8-bc]thiophenes from 8-halo-1-ethynylnaphthalenes using potassium ethylxanthate as the sulfur source is reported. In this protocol, a series of thiophene-fused 6/5 π-system compounds was synthesized via copper-catalyzed Ullmann-type C(aryl)-S bond formation and the α-addition of an alkyne bond with high selectivity and in high yields. The synthesized polysubstituted (Z)-2H-naphtho[1,8-bc]thiophenes exhibited solid emission, which made them potential candidates for use in optoelectronic conjugated materials. By using DMSO/D2O (3 : 1) as the reaction solvent, the deuterated products could be obtained in good yields under standard conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Weiping Lai
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Lianpeng Zhang
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, China. and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
| | - Xiaoxing Gao
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Guanyinsheng Qiu
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, China.
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4
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Wen JJ, Cummins CB, Williams TP, Radhakrishnan RS. The Genetic Evidence of Burn-Induced Cardiac Mitochondrial Metabolism Dysfunction. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8120566. [PMID: 33287280 PMCID: PMC7761708 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Burn-induced cardiac dysfunction is thought to involve mitochondrial dysfunction, although the mechanisms responsible are unclear. In this study, we used our established model of in vivo burn injury to understand the genetic evidence of burn-induced mitochondrial confusion dysfunction by describing cardiac mitochondrial metabolism-related gene expression after burn. Cardiac tissue was collected at 24 hours after burn injury. An O2K respirometer system was utilized to measure the cardiac mitochondrial function. Oxidative phosphorylation complex activities were determined using enzyme activity assays. RT Profiler PCR array was used to identify the differential regulation of genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolism. The quantitative qPCR and Western blotting were applied to validate the differentially expressed genes. Burn-induced cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction was supported by the finding of decreased state 3 respiration, decreased mitochondrial electron transport chain activity in complex I, III, IV, and V, and decreased mitochondrial DNA-encoded gene expression as well as decreased levels of the corresponding proteins after burn injury. Eighty-four mitochondrial metabolism-related gene profiles were measured. The mitochondrial gene profile showed that 29 genes related to mitochondrial energy and metabolism was differentially expressed. Of these 29 genes, 16 were more than 2-fold upregulated and 13 were more than 2-fold downregulated. All genes were validated using qPCR and partial genes were correlated with their protein levels. This study provides preliminary evidence that a large percentage of mitochondrial metabolism-related genes in cardiomyocytes were significantly affected by burn injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake J. Wen
- Correspondence: (J.J.W.); (R.S.R.); Tel.: +1-409-772-5666 (J.J.W. & R.S.R.)
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5
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Cai ZL, Zhang Z, Luo WL, Hou YB, He YS, Chen JJ, Ji K. Identification of immunodominant IgE epitopes of the major house dust mite allergen Der f 24. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:1888-1898. [PMID: 31545417 PMCID: PMC6777665 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, a ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase binding protein (UQCRB) homolog was identified in the house dust mite (HDM) species Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f) as a major allergen. In the present study, the immunodominant immunoglobulin E (IgE) epitope of the protein Der f 24 was investigated. Analysis of the homologous amino acid (aa) sequences in Der f and human UQCRB was performed. Four different recombinant Der f 24 and hybrid proteins formed by integrating Der f and human UQCRB sequences were expressed in Escherichia coli, purified using Ni-NTA resins, and IgE-binding activity was determined using IgE-western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) experiments. IgE epitopes were further identified by IgE-dot blotting and IgE-ELISA with synthetic polypeptides and HDM-allergic sera. Three-dimensional (3D) structural modeling was used to analyze the position of the immuno-dominant IgE epitope. The amino acid sequence homology between Der f 24 and the human UQCRB protein was determined to be 39.34%. IgE-ELISA and western blot analysis showed that all of the Der f-human UQCRB hybrid proteins generated, except for the one lacking 59 residues of the N-terminal region of Der f 24, were bound by allergic serum IgE. A synthetic polypeptide consisting of 32 residues of the N-terminal reacted with IgEs from HDM-allergic sera and could be used to generate high titer specific IgG or specific IgE antibodies in immunized mice. The 32-aa N-terminal region of Der f 24 was localized to a structural protrusion, which may facilitate specific IgE-binding. These results indicate that the immunodominant IgE epitope of Der f 24 is located mainly in a 32-residue region of the N-terminus. These findings may inform the mechanisms of HDM allergy sensitization and allergy immunotherapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Lang Cai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Li Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Bo Hou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Shen He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Jie Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China
| | - Kunmei Ji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China
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6
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Zhang Q, Zhang B, Luo Y. Cardiac transcriptome study of the effect of heat stress in yellow-feather broilers. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2019.1610338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zhang
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - BoHai Zhang
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - YiKang Luo
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
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7
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Franc M, Urban M, Císařová I, Veselý J. Highly enantioselective addition of sulfur-containing heterocycles to isatin-derived ketimines. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:7309-7314. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01338e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we report a highly stereoselective addition of sulfur-containing heterocyclic compounds to isatin-derived ketimines efficiently catalyzed by cinchonidine-derived bifunctional tertiary aminothiourea (1 mol%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Franc
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Charles University
- 12843 Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Michal Urban
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Charles University
- 12843 Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Charles University
- 12843 Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Jan Veselý
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Charles University
- 12843 Prague
- Czech Republic
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8
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Fiorillo M, Lamb R, Tanowitz HB, Mutti L, Krstic-Demonacos M, Cappello AR, Martinez-Outschoorn UE, Sotgia F, Lisanti MP. Repurposing atovaquone: targeting mitochondrial complex III and OXPHOS to eradicate cancer stem cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:34084-99. [PMID: 27136895 PMCID: PMC5085139 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Atovaquone is an FDA-approved anti-malarial drug, which first became clinically available in the year 2000. Currently, its main usage is for the treatment of pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) and/or toxoplasmosis in immune-compromised patients. Atovaquone is a hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone analogue of ubiquinone, also known as Co-enzyme Q10 (CoQ10). It is a well-tolerated drug that does not cause myelo-suppression. Mechanistically, it is thought to act as a potent and selective OXPHOS inhibitor, by targeting the CoQ10-dependence of mitochondrial complex III. Here, we show for the first time that atovaquone also has anti-cancer activity, directed against Cancer Stem-like Cells (CSCs). More specifically, we demonstrate that atovaquone treatment of MCF7 breast cancer cells inhibits oxygen-consumption and metabolically induces aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect), as well as oxidative stress. Remarkably, atovaquone potently inhibits the propagation of MCF7-derived CSCs, with an IC-50 of 1 μM, as measured using the mammosphere assay. Atovaquone also maintains this selectivity and potency in mixed populations of CSCs and non-CSCs. Importantly, these results indicate that glycolysis itself is not sufficient to maintain the proliferation of CSCs, which is instead strictly dependent on mitochondrial function. In addition to targeting the proliferation of CSCs, atovaquone also induces apoptosis in both CD44+/CD24low/− CSC and ALDH+ CSC populations, during exposure to anchorage-independent conditions for 12 hours. However, it has no effect on oxygen consumption in normal human fibroblasts and, in this cellular context, behaves as an anti-inflammatory, consistent with the fact that it is well-tolerated in patients treated for infections. Future studies in xenograft models and human clinical trials may be warranted, as the IC-50 of atovaquone's action on CSCs (1 μM) is >50 times less than its average serum concentration in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Fiorillo
- The Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,The Manchester Centre for Cellular Metabolism (MCCM), Institute of Cancer Sciences, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,The Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Calabria, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Rebecca Lamb
- The Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Herbert B Tanowitz
- Department of Medicine and Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Luciano Mutti
- School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, UK
| | | | - Anna Rita Cappello
- The Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Calabria, Cosenza, Italy
| | | | - Federica Sotgia
- The Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,The Manchester Centre for Cellular Metabolism (MCCM), Institute of Cancer Sciences, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Michael P Lisanti
- The Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,The Manchester Centre for Cellular Metabolism (MCCM), Institute of Cancer Sciences, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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9
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Bhattarai D, Xu X, Lee K. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) inhibitors from the last decade (2007 to 2016): A "structure-activity relationship" perspective. Med Res Rev 2017; 38:1404-1442. [PMID: 29278273 DOI: 10.1002/med.21477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tumor hypoxia is a common feature in most solid tumors and is associated with overexpression of the hypoxia response pathway. Overexpression of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1) protein leads to angiogenesis, metastasis, apoptosis resistance, and many other pro-tumorigenic responses in cancer development. HIF-1 is a promising target in cancer drug development to increase the patient's response to chemotherapy and radiotherapy as well as the survival rate of cancer patients. Since up to 1% of genes are hypoxia-sensitive, a target-specific HIF-1 inhibitor may be a better clinical candidate in cancer drug discovery. Though no HIF-1 inhibitor is clinically available to date, a lot of effort has been applied during the last decade in search of potent HIF-1 inhibitors. In this review, we will summarize the structure-activity relationship of ten different chemotypes reported to be HIF-1 inhibitors in the last decade (2007-2016), their mechanisms of action for HIF-1 inhibition, progress in the way of target-specific inhibitors, and problems associated with current inhibitors. It is anticipated that the results of these research on the medicinal chemistry of HIF-1 inhibitors will provide decent information in the design and development of future inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Bhattarai
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Xuezhen Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Republic of Korea
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10
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Jung N, Kwon HJ, Jung HJ. Downregulation of mitochondrial UQCRB inhibits cancer stem cell-like properties in glioblastoma. Int J Oncol 2017; 52:241-251. [PMID: 29115404 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma stem cell targeted therapies have become a powerful strategy for the treatment of this deadliest brain tumor. We demonstrate for the first time that downregulation of mitochondrial ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase binding protein (UQCRB) inhibits the cancer stem cell-like properties in human glioblastoma cells. The synthetic small molecules targeting UQCRB significantly suppressed not only the self-renewal capacity such as growth and neurosphere formation, but also the metastatic potential such as migration and invasion of glioblastoma stem‑like cells (GSCs) derived from U87MG and U373MG at subtoxic concentrations. Notably, the UQCRB inhibitors repressed c‑Met-mediated downstream signal transduction and hypoxia‑inducible factor‑1α (HIF‑1α) activation, thereby reducing the expression levels of GSC markers including CD133, Nanog, Oct4 and Sox2 in the GSCs. Furthermore, the UQCRB inhibitors decreased mitochondrial ROS generation and mitochondrial membrane potential in the GSCs, indicating that they regulate the mitochondrial function in GSCs. Indeed, the knockdown of UQCRB gene by UQCRB siRNA significantly inhibited the cancer stem cell-like phenotypes as well as the expression of stemness markers by blocking mitochondrial ROS/HIF‑1α/c‑Met pathway in U87MG GSCs. These findings suggest that UQCRB and its inhibitors could be a new therapeutic target and lead compounds for eliminating cancer stem cells in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narae Jung
- Department of BT-Convergent Pharmaceutical Engineering, Sun Moon University, Tangjeong-myeon, Asan-si, Chungnam 336-708, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jeong Kwon
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Jung
- Department of BT-Convergent Pharmaceutical Engineering, Sun Moon University, Tangjeong-myeon, Asan-si, Chungnam 336-708, Republic of Korea
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11
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Li S, Zhang E, Feng J, Li X. An enantioselective conjugate addition reaction of 3-substituted benzothiophen-2-ones and 2-phthalimidoacrylates. Org Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo00531h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A highly enantioselective conjugate addition reaction of 3-substituted benzothiophen-2-ones to 2-phthalimidoacrylates has been developed using a bifunctional tertiary-amine thiourea catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoulei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Enge Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Junjun Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
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13
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Sun YH, Zhang XY, Xie WQ, Liu GJ, He XX, Huang YL, Zhang GX, Wang J, Kuang ZY, Zhang R. Identification of UQCRB as an oxymatrine recognizing protein using a T7 phage display screen. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 193:133-139. [PMID: 27497639 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sophora flavescens Aiton (Radix Sophorae Flavescentis, Kushen) is used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat chronic hepatitis B (CHB), and has the ability to clear heat and dampness from the body. Oxymatrine is one of the major bioactive compounds extracted from Sophora flavescens Aiton and constitutes more than 90% of the oxymatrine injection commonly used for CHB treatment in clinics in China. AIM OF THE STUDY We aim to analyze the protein binding target of oxymatrine in treating CHB by screening a T7 phage display cDNA library of human CHB and examine the biochemistry of protein-ligand binding between oxymatrine and its ligands. MATERIALS AND METHODS A T7 phage cDNA library of human CHB was biopanned by affinity selection using oxymatrine as bait. The interaction of oxymatrine with its candidate binding protein was investigated by affinity assay, molecular docking, Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC) and Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR). RESULTS A library of potential oxymatrine binding peptides was generated. Ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase binding protein (UQCRB) was one of the candidate binding proteins of oxymatrine. UQCRB-displaying T7 phage binding numbers in the oxymatrine group were significantly higher than that in the control group, biotin group, and matrine group (p<0.05 or p<0.01). Three-dimensional structure modeling of the UQCRB with oxymatrine showed that their binding interfaces matched and oxymatrine inserted into a deeper pocket of UQCRB, which mainly involved amino acid residues Tyr21, Arg33, Tyr83, Glu84, Asp86, Pro88, and Glu91. The binding affinity constant (Kb) from SPR was 4.2mM. The Kb from ITC experiment was 3.9mM and stoichiometry was fixed as 1, which fit very well with the result of SPR. The binding of oxymatrine to UQCRB was driven by strong enthalpy forces such as hydrogen bonds and polar interactions as the heat released was about 157kcal/mol and ΔG was less than zero. CONCLUSIONS In this study, using the T7 phage display system, we have identified UQCRB as a direct binding protein of oxymatrine. Furthermore, the specificity and molecular interaction of oxymatrine with UQCRB were also determined. The binding of UQCRB to oxymatrine suggests that UQCRB is a potential target of oxymatrine in treating CHB. These results provide new understanding into the mechanism of oxymatrine and insights into the strategy on the treatment of CHB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hui Sun
- College of Fundamental Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Yuan Zhang
- College of Fundamental Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Wei-Qun Xie
- College of Fundamental Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Guang-Jian Liu
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510010, PR China.
| | - Xi-Xin He
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Ya-Li Huang
- College of Fundamental Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Guang-Xian Zhang
- College of Fundamental Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Jian Wang
- College of Fundamental Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Zao-Yuan Kuang
- College of Fundamental Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Ren Zhang
- College of Fundamental Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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14
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Chang J, Kwon HJ. Discovery of novel drug targets and their functions using phenotypic screening of natural products. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 43:221-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-015-1681-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Natural products are valuable resources that provide a variety of bioactive compounds and natural pharmacophores in modern drug discovery. Discovery of biologically active natural products and unraveling their target proteins to understand their mode of action have always been critical hurdles for their development into clinical drugs. For effective discovery and development of bioactive natural products into novel therapeutic drugs, comprehensive screening and identification of target proteins are indispensable. In this review, a systematic approach to understanding the mode of action of natural products isolated using phenotypic screening involving chemical proteomics-based target identification is introduced. This review highlights three natural products recently discovered via phenotypic screening, namely glucopiericidin A, ecumicin, and terpestacin, as representative case studies to revisit the pivotal role of natural products as powerful tools in discovering the novel functions and druggability of targets in biological systems and pathological diseases of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghwa Chang
- grid.15444.30 0000000404705454 Department of Biotechnology, Translational Research Center for Protein Function Control, College of Life Science and Biotechnology Yonsei University 120-749 Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jeong Kwon
- grid.15444.30 0000000404705454 Department of Biotechnology, Translational Research Center for Protein Function Control, College of Life Science and Biotechnology Yonsei University 120-749 Seoul Republic of Korea
- grid.15444.30 0000000404705454 Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Yonsei University 120-752 Seoul Republic of Korea
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Ban HS, Uto Y, Won M, Nakamura H. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) inhibitors: a patent survey (2011-2015). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2016; 26:309-22. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2016.1146252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Jivabhai Patel S, Bany-Mohammed F, McNally L, Valencia GB, Lazzaro DR, Aranda JV, Beharry KD. Exogenous Superoxide Dismutase Mimetic Without Scavenging H2O2 Causes Photoreceptor Damage in a Rat Model for Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2015; 56:1665-77. [PMID: 25670494 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.14-15321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Frequent, brief intermittent episodes of hypoxia (IH) during hyperoxia increase reactive oxygen species in the immature retina with compromised antioxidant systems, thus leading to oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR). We examined the hypothesis that early exposure to a mimetic of superoxide dismutase (SOD), the first line of defense against oxidative stress, will decrease IH-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and prevent severe OIR in our rat model. METHODS To test this hypothesis, newborn rats (P0) were exposed to IH consisting of alternating cycles of 50% O₂ with brief hypoxia (12% O₂) until P14 during which they were treated with a single daily intraperitoneal (IP) dose of MnTBAP (a SOD mimetic) at 1.0, 5.0, or 10.0 mg/kg on P0, P1, and P2. A saline-treated group served as vehicle controls. Groups were analyzed following IH at P14 or allowed to recover in room air (RA) until P21. Control littermates were raised in RA with all conditions identical except for inspired O₂. Ocular assessment of OIR severity, oxidative stress, angiogenesis, antioxidant activity, and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) were conducted at P14 and P21. RESULTS Collectively, the data show increased oxidative stress and angiogenesis with MnTBAP, which was associated with photoreceptor damage, retinal characteristics consistent with severe OIR, and changes in genes regulating OXPHOS. CONCLUSIONS In the setting of IH, the use of exogenous SOD mimetics must be combined with H₂O₂ scavengers in order to prevent photoreceptor damage and severe OIR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamin Jivabhai Patel
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Fayez Bany-Mohammed
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Lois McNally
- Department of Ophthalmology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, New York, New York, United States State University of New York Eye Institute, New York, New York, United States
| | - Gloria B Valencia
- Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, New York, New York, United States
| | - Douglas R Lazzaro
- Department of Ophthalmology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, New York, New York, United States State University of New York Eye Institute, New York, New York, United States
| | - Jacob V Aranda
- Department of Ophthalmology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, New York, New York, United States
| | - Kay D Beharry
- Department of Ophthalmology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, New York, New York, United States
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Peroxiredoxin-5 targeted to the mitochondrial intermembrane space attenuates hypoxia-induced reactive oxygen species signalling. Biochem J 2015; 456:337-46. [PMID: 24044889 DOI: 10.1042/bj20130740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The ability to adapt to acute and chronic hypoxia is critical for cellular survival. Two established functional responses to hypoxia include the regulation of gene transcription by HIF (hypoxia-inducible factor), and the constriction of pulmonary arteries in response to alveolar hypoxia. The mechanism of O2 sensing in these responses is not established, but some studies implicate hypoxia-induced mitochondrial ROS (reactive oxygen species) signalling. To further test this hypothesis, we expressed PRDX5 (peroxiredoxin-5), a H2O2 scavenger, in the IMS (mitochondrial intermembrane space), reasoning that the scavenging of ROS in that compartment should abrogate cellular responses triggered by the release of mitochondrial oxidants to the cytosol. Using adenoviral expression of IMS-PRDX5 (IMS-targeted PRDX5) in PASMCs (pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells) we show that IMS-PRDX5 inhibits hypoxia-induced oxidant signalling in the IMS and cytosol. It also inhibits HIF-1α stabilization and HIF activity in a dose-dependent manner without disrupting cellular oxygen consumption. IMS-PRDX5 expression also attenuates the increase in cytosolic [Ca(2+)] in PASMCs during hypoxia. These results extend previous work by demonstrating the importance of IMS-derived ROS signalling in both the HIF and lung vascular responses to hypoxia.
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Chang J, Jung HJ, Jeong SH, Kim HK, Han J, Kwon HJ. A mutation in the mitochondrial protein UQCRB promotes angiogenesis through the generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 455:290-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Jung HJ, Cho M, Kim Y, Han G, Kwon HJ. Development of a novel class of mitochondrial ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase binding protein (UQCRB) modulators as promising antiangiogenic leads. J Med Chem 2014; 57:7990-8. [PMID: 25244355 DOI: 10.1021/jm500863j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Recently, we identified a novel therapeutic target and a small molecule for regulating angiogenesis. Our study showed that ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase binding protein (UQCRB) of the mitochondrial complex III plays a crucial role in hypoxia-induced angiogenesis via mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated signaling. Herein, we developed new synthetic small molecules that specifically bind to UQCRB and regulate its function. To improve the pharmacological properties of 6-((1-hydroxynaphthalen-4-ylamino)dioxysulfone)-2H-naphtho[1,8-bc]thiophen-2-one (HDNT), a small molecule that targets UQCRB, a series of HDNT derivatives were designed and synthesized. Several derivatives showed a significant increase in hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) inhibitory potency compared to HDNT. The compounds bound to UQCRB and suppressed mitochondrial ROS-mediated hypoxic signaling, resulting in potent inhibition of angiogenesis without inducing cytotoxicity. Notably, one of these new derivatives significantly suppressed tumor growth in a mouse xenograft model. Therefore, these mitochondrial UQCRB modulators could be potential leads for the development of novel antiangiogenic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Jung
- Department of Biotechnology, Translational Research Center for Protein Function Control, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University , Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
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Mukherjee K, Edgett BA, Burrows HW, Castro C, Griffin JL, Schwertani AG, Gurd BJ, Funk CD. Whole blood transcriptomics and urinary metabolomics to define adaptive biochemical pathways of high-intensity exercise in 50-60 year old masters athletes. PLoS One 2014; 9:e92031. [PMID: 24643011 PMCID: PMC3958411 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise is beneficial for a variety of age-related disorders. However, the molecular mechanisms mediating the beneficial adaptations to exercise in older adults are not well understood. The aim of the current study was to utilize a dual approach to characterize the genetic and metabolic adaptive pathways altered by exercise in veteran athletes and age-matched untrained individuals. Two groups of 50–60 year old males: competitive cyclists (athletes, n = 9; VO2peak 59.1±5.2 ml·kg−1·min−1; peak aerobic power 383±39 W) and untrained, minimally active individuals (controls, n = 8; VO2peak 35.9±9.7 ml·kg−1·min−1; peak aerobic power 230±57 W) were examined. All participants completed an acute bout of submaximal endurance exercise, and blood and urine samples pre- and post-exercise were analyzed for gene expression and metabolic changes utilizing genome-wide DNA microarray analysis and NMR spectroscopy-based metabolomics, respectively. Our results indicate distinct differences in gene and metabolite expression involving energy metabolism, lipids, insulin signaling and cardiovascular function between the two groups. These findings may lead to new insights into beneficial signaling pathways of healthy aging and help identify surrogate markers for monitoring exercise and training load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamalika Mukherjee
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brittany A. Edgett
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Harrison W. Burrows
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cecilia Castro
- Department of Biochemistry and the Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Julian L. Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry and the Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Brendon J. Gurd
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Colin D. Funk
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Jung HJ, Kwon HJ. Exploring the role of mitochondrial UQCRB in angiogenesis using small molecules. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2013; 9:930-9. [PMID: 23475074 DOI: 10.1039/c3mb25426g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Bioactive small molecules are powerful tools used to evaluate protein function under physiological and pathological conditions. Over recent decades, utilization of a variety of biologically active small molecules in basic research and clinical applications has provided tremendous benefits in understanding the molecular mechanisms of biology and accelerating drug development. This review focuses on recent advances in the identification of new small molecules and their target proteins for exploring angiogenesis at the molecular level. In particular, we focus on the oxygen-sensing role of ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase binding protein (UQCRB) of mitochondrial Complex III through identification of the protein target and the mode of action of a natural small molecule, terpestacin. The positive feedback approach of chemistry and biology provides a new way to explore functional roles of proteins and to translate this information into practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Jung
- Chemical Genomics National Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Translational Research Center for Protein Function Control, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Korea
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Jung HJ, Kim Y, Chang J, Kang SW, Kim JH, Kwon HJ. Mitochondrial UQCRB regulates VEGFR2 signaling in endothelial cells. J Mol Med (Berl) 2013; 91:1117-28. [DOI: 10.1007/s00109-013-1049-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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