1
|
Malik A, Ashraf MAB, Khan MW, Zahid A, Shafique H, Waquar S, Gan SH, Ashraf M. Implication of Physiological and Biochemical Variables of Prognostic Importance in Lead Exposed Subjects. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 78:329-336. [PMID: 31620805 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-019-00673-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The use of leaded gasoline adversely affects cardiovascular, nervous, and immune systems. Study projects to rule out different variables of prognostic importance in lead-exposed subjects. A total of 317 traffic wardens with 5 years of outdoor experience and Hb levels < 10 µg/dl, and 100 traffic wardens with indoor duties were substituted in two groups. Levels of vitamins, cytokines, lead, iron, minerals, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation were estimated with help of their standard ELISA and spectrophotometric methods respectively. The present study show increased levels of lead in subjects (29.8 ± 3.8 vs. 1.5 ± 0.2 µg/dl) that may be involved in increasing oxidative stress, i.e., levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), and isoprostanes were increased in subjects (4.6 ± 0.5, 4.3 ± 0.6 and 37.2 ± 5.1). Moreover, levels of antioxidants, i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and catalase (CAT), were decreased. It also exhibits reduced levels of different enzymes in anemic traffic wardens. Current study concludes that wardens exposed to environmental lead are more susceptible to develop cardiovascular and neurological disorders. It shows that toxicity of lead maybe responsible for redox imbalance and production of proinflammatory cytokines. Thus, early detection of these biomarkers may help to reduce lead toxicity and it also may help to control the dilemma of uncontrolled environmental pollution by implicating strict actions against substandard gasoline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arif Malik
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Ayesha Zahid
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hassan Shafique
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sulayman Waquar
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Siew Hua Gan
- School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Aaseth J, Ajsuvakova OP, Skalny AV, Skalnaya MG, Tinkov AA. Chelator combination as therapeutic strategy in mercury and lead poisonings. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
3
|
Zanjani SY, Eskandari MR, Kamali K, Mohseni M. The effect of probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium lactis) on the accumulation of lead in rat brains. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:1700-1705. [PMID: 27796979 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7946-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Lead is a toxic metal present in different concentrations in a wide variety of food products. Exposure to lead, even to low levels, causes acute and chronic toxicities. Lead can cross the blood-brain barrier and accumulate in the nervous system. Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when used in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host. Although a recent study demonstrated that the studied bacteria have a protective effect against acute lead toxicity, no research has been found that shows the long-term impact of these bacteria in vivo. The current study surveyed the protective effects of two species of probiotics, Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 and Bifidobacterium lactis BB-12, that are most widely used in many functional foods against oral lead exposure (4 weeks) in rat brains. The results revealed that, at the end of the second week of chronic exposure to lead and probiotic bacteria, the lowest level of lead belonged to the Lactobacillus group. At the end of the fourth week, the lowest amount of lead was related to the group receiving both types of probiotics. With the physiological benefits of probiotic consumption, the bacterial solution in this study did not show high efficacy in reducing brain lead concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saman Yahyavi Zanjani
- Department of Food Safety and Hygiene, School of Health, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Eskandari
- Department of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Koorosh Kamali
- Department of Food Safety and Hygiene, School of Health, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mehran Mohseni
- Department of Food and Drug Control, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhao W, Zhang Y, Jiang X, Cui C. Design, synthesis and evaluation of VEGF-siRNA/CRS as a novel vector for gene delivery. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2016; 10:3851-3865. [PMID: 27920500 PMCID: PMC5125806 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s118461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery is a prospective method in gene therapy, but it has application limitations such as negative charge, water solubility and high molecular weight. In this study, a safe and efficient nano-vector, CRS, was designed and synthesized to facilitate siRNA delivery. Physical and chemical properties of VEGF-siRNA/CRS were characterized by methods including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy, zeta potential (ζ) measurement, drug-releasing rate measurement, gel electrophoresis and confocal microscopy. The biological activities were evaluated using cell viability assay, gene-silencing efficacy assay in vitro, real-time polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and antitumor tests in vivo. The mean nanoparticle size of VEGF-siRNA/CRS was 121.4±0.3 nm with positive ζ potential of 7.69±4.47 mV. The release rate of VEGF-siRNA from VEGF-siRNA/CRS was 82.50% sustained for 48 h in Tris-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid buffer (pH 8.0). Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze the efficiency of the transfection, and the result showed that VEGF mRNA expression had been knocked down by 82.36%. The expression of VEGF protein was also recorded to be downregulated to 14.83% using ELISA. The results of cytotoxicity measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay showed that VEGF-siRNA/CRS had significant inhibitory effect on HeLa cells. The results of antitumor assays indicated that VEGF-siRNA/CRS exhibited tumor cell growth inhibition in vivo. The results demonstrated that VEGF-siRNA could be delivered and transported by the designed carrier, while siRNA could be released constantly and led to an increasing gene-silencing effect against VEGF gene. In conclusion, VEGF-siRNA/CRS is a promising carrier for siRNA delivery, and further studies are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhao
- School of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- School of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueyun Jiang
- School of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunying Cui
- School of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang H, Wang Y, Zhao M, Wu J, Zhang X, Gui L, Zheng M, Li L, Liu J, Peng S. Synthesis and In Vivo Lead Detoxification Evaluation of Poly-α,β-dl-aspartyl-l-methionine. Chem Res Toxicol 2012; 25:471-7. [DOI: 10.1021/tx2005037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huiliang Zhang
- College of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Yuji Wang
- College of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Ming Zhao
- College of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Jianhui Wu
- College of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- College of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Lin Gui
- College of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Meiqing Zheng
- College of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- College of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Jiawang Liu
- College of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Shiqi Peng
- College of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Xu Y, Wang Y, Wang L, Zhao M, Zhang X, Hu X, Hou B, Peng L, Zheng M, Wu J, Peng S. Lead detoxification activities of a class of novel DMSA--amino acid conjugates. Chem Res Toxicol 2011; 24:979-84. [PMID: 21591669 DOI: 10.1021/tx200155g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The coupling of the 1-carboxyl of DMSA with l-amino acids led to a class of novel 1-(carbonyl-l-amino-acid)-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acids (DMSA--amino acid conjugates, DMSA-Gly, -Ser, -Val, -Leu, -Ile, -Asn, -Asp, -Gln, -Glu, -Met, -Phe, and -Trp). In the in vivo evaluation of Pb-loaded mice, 0.4 mmol/kg of the conjugates effectively decreased the Pb levels of the femur, brain, kidney, liver, and blood, greatly enhanced urination, and increased the Pb levels of both urine and feces, while causing no redistributions of Pb to the other organs, especially to the brain. With respect to lowering the bone and brain Pb, DMSA-Ile, -Asn, -Gln, and -Met were more effective than DMSA. This benefit was attributed to their high transmembrane ability. In contrast to Pb, the essential metals such as Fe, Cu, Zn, and Ca of the treated mice were not affected by the administration of the conjugates. Silico molecular modeling predicted that the conjugates had little hepatotoxicity, except possibly for DMSA-Phe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|