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Miller JL, Damodaran K, Floreancig PE. Nitrogen Heterocycle Synthesis through Hydride Abstraction of Acyclic Carbamates and Related Species: Scope, Mechanism, Stereoselectivity, and Product Conformation Studies. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302977. [PMID: 37796745 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Acyliminium ions and related species are potent electrophiles that can be quite valuable in the synthesis of nitrogen-containing molecules. This manuscript describes a protocol to form these intermediates through hydride abstractions of easily accessible allylic carbamates, amides, and sulfonamides that avoids the reversibility that is possible in classical condensation-based routes. These intermediates are used in the preparation of a range of nitrogen-containing heterocycles, and in many cases high levels of stereocontrol are observed. Specifically areas of investigation include the impact of chemical structure on oxidation efficiency, the geometry of the intermediate iminium ions, the impact of a substrate stereocenter on stereocontrol, and an examination of transition state geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna L Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15260, USA
| | - Krishnan Damodaran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15260, USA
| | - Paul E Floreancig
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15260, USA
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Mancuso F, Di Fiore A, De Luca L, Angeli A, De Simone G, Supuran CT, Gitto R. Design, synthesis and biochemical evaluation of novel carbonic anhydrase inhibitors triggered by structural knowledge on hCA VII. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 44:116279. [PMID: 34216985 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
To tackle the challenge of isoform selectivity, we explored the entrance of the cavity for selected druggable human Carbonic Anhydrases (hCAs). Based on X-ray crystallographic studies on the 4-(4-(2-chlorobenzoyl)piperazine-1-carbonyl)benzenesulfonamide in complex with the brain expressed hCA VII (PDB code: 7NC4), a series of 4-(4(hetero)aroylpiperazine-1-carbonyl)benzene-1-sulfonamides has been developed. To evaluate their capability to fit the hCA VII catalytic cavity, the newer benzenesulfonamides were preliminary investigated by means of docking simulations. Then, this series of thirteen benzenesulfonamides was synthesized and tested against selected druggable hCAs. Among them, the 4-(4-(furan-2-carbonyl)piperazine-1-carbonyl)benzenesulfonamide showed remarkable affinity towards hCA VII (Ki: 4.3 nM) and good selectivity over the physiologically widespread hCA I when compared to Topiramate (TPM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Mancuso
- Dipartimento CHIBIOFARAM, Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale Palatucci, Polo Didattico SS. Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy.
| | - Anna Di Fiore
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini-CNR, Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy
| | - Laura De Luca
- Dipartimento CHIBIOFARAM, Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale Palatucci, Polo Didattico SS. Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Dipartimento NEUROFARBA, Università di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Giuseppina De Simone
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini-CNR, Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Dipartimento NEUROFARBA, Università di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Rosaria Gitto
- Dipartimento CHIBIOFARAM, Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale Palatucci, Polo Didattico SS. Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
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Lin L, Lu W, Dai T, Chen H, Wang T, Yang L, Yang X, Liu Y, Sun D. Novel artemisinin derivatives with potent anticancer activities and the anti-colorectal cancer effect by the mitochondria-mediated pathway. Bioorg Chem 2020; 106:104496. [PMID: 33288320 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Many artemisinin derivatives have good inhibitory effects on malignant tumors. In this work, a novel series of artemisinin derivatives containing piperazine and fluorine groups were designed and synthesized and their structures were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS technologies. The in vitro cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines was evaluated. Among the derivatives, compound 12h was found to exhibit not only the best activity against HCT-116 cells (IC50 = 0.12 ± 0.05 μM), but also low toxicity against normal cell line L02 (IC50 = 12.46 ± 0.10 μM). The mechanisms study revealed that compound 12h caused the cell cycle arrest in G1 phase, induced apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner, significantly reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, increased intracellular ROS and Ca2+ levels, up-regulated the expression of Bax, cleaved caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3, and down-regulated the expression of Bcl-2 protein. A series of analyses confirmed that 12h can inhibit HCT-116 cells migration and induce apoptosis by a mechanism of the mitochondria-mediated pathway in the HCT-116 cell line. The present work indicates that compound 12h may merit further investigation as a potential therapeutic agent for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Lin
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, No. 59, Middle Section of Qinglong Avenue, Mianyang 621010, China; Institute of Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Jiangyou 621907, China
| | - Wenyu Lu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, No. 59, Middle Section of Qinglong Avenue, Mianyang 621010, China; Marine College, Shandong University at Weihai, No. 180, Wenhua West Road, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Tianzhi Dai
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, No. 59, Middle Section of Qinglong Avenue, Mianyang 621010, China; Marine College, Shandong University at Weihai, No. 180, Wenhua West Road, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Huan Chen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, No. 59, Middle Section of Qinglong Avenue, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Tong Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, No. 59, Middle Section of Qinglong Avenue, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Li Yang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, No. 59, Middle Section of Qinglong Avenue, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Xuelian Yang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, No. 59, Middle Section of Qinglong Avenue, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Institute of Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Jiangyou 621907, China.
| | - Dequn Sun
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, No. 59, Middle Section of Qinglong Avenue, Mianyang 621010, China.
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Simplified Procedure for General Synthesis of Monosubstituted Piperazines-From a Batch Reaction Vessel to a Flow (Microwave) Reactor. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25092168. [PMID: 32384633 PMCID: PMC7249161 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We reported a novel simplified synthetic procedure for the preparation of monosubstituted piperazine derivatives which can now be easily prepared in a one-pot-one-step way from a protonated piperazine with no need of introduction of a protecting group. Reactions, proceeding either at room or higher temperatures in common solvents, involve heterogeneous catalysis by metal ions supported on commercial polymeric resins. A general synthetic scheme was successfully applied to afford a wide range of monosubstituted piperazines. Furthermore, we picked up a set of piperazine derivatives and studied the possibilities of microwave acceleration of given synthetic reactions to make them even more efficient. Our research proceeded from a simple batch technique to the construction of a flow microwave reactor prototype and resulted in promising findings which are summarized and discussed in the article.
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Yang GX, Ge SL, Wu Y, Huang J, Li SL, Wang R, Ma L. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 3-piperazinecarboxylate sarsasapogenin derivatives as potential multifunctional anti-Alzheimer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 156:206-215. [PMID: 30006165 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of multifunctional 3-piperazinecarboxylate sarsasapogenin derivatives were designed and synthesized against Alzheimer's disease (AD). The protection against H2O2-triggered oxidative stress in PC12 cells, and inhibition on LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.7 cell lines in vitro by these derivatives were firstly evaluated. Most of the compounds showed better antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities compared with sarsasapogenin, especially AA34 and AA36. Structure-activity relationships revealed that benzyl group, electron-donating group and intramolecular hydrogen bond might be beneficial to enhancing their neuroprotective activities. Moreover, Aβ42 was the optimum predicted target based on the high 3D molecular similarity between compound AA36 and caprospinol. In the following experiments, AA36 significantly protected PC12 cells from Aβ-induced damage and improved learning and memory impairments in Aβ-injected mice. Thus AA36 is regarded as a potent anti-AD agent and N-substituted piperazinecarboxylate can be served as a promising structural unit for anti-AD drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Xiang Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Song-Lan Ge
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Liang Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China.
| | - Rui Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lei Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China.
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Meanwell NA. Fluorine and Fluorinated Motifs in the Design and Application of Bioisosteres for Drug Design. J Med Chem 2018; 61:5822-5880. [PMID: 29400967 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1332] [Impact Index Per Article: 222.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The electronic properties and relatively small size of fluorine endow it with considerable versatility as a bioisostere and it has found application as a substitute for lone pairs of electrons, the hydrogen atom, and the methyl group while also acting as a functional mimetic of the carbonyl, carbinol, and nitrile moieties. In this context, fluorine substitution can influence the potency, conformation, metabolism, membrane permeability, and P-gp recognition of a molecule and temper inhibition of the hERG channel by basic amines. However, as a consequence of the unique properties of fluorine, it features prominently in the design of higher order structural metaphors that are more esoteric in their conception and which reflect a more sophisticated molecular construction that broadens biological mimesis. In this Perspective, applications of fluorine in the construction of bioisosteric elements designed to enhance the in vitro and in vivo properties of a molecule are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Meanwell
- Discovery Chemistry and Molecular Technologies Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development P.O. Box 4000, Princeton , New Jersey 08543-4000 , United States
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Wingen K, Schwed JS, Isensee K, Weizel L, Zivković A, Odadzic D, Odazic D, Stark H. Benzylpiperidine variations on histamine H3 receptor ligands for improved drug-likeness. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:2236-9. [PMID: 24745967 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.03.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Several hH3R antagonists/inverse agonists entered clinical phases for a broad spectrum of mainly centrally occurring diseases. Nevertheless, many promising candidates failed due to their pharmacokinetic profile, mostly because of their strong lipophilicity and their dibasic character. Analysis of previously, as potential PET ligands synthesized compounds (ST-889, ST-928) revealed promising results concerning physicochemical properties and drug-likeness. Herein, the synthesis, the evaluation of the binding properties at the hH3R and the estimation of different physicochemical and drug-likeness properties of further novel benzylpiperidine variations on H3R antagonists is described. Due to the introduction of various small hydrophilic moieties in the structure, drug-likeness parameters have been improved. For instance, compound 12 (ST-1032) showed in addition to high affinity at the H3R (pKi (hH3R)=9.3) clogS, clogP, LE, LipE, and LELP values of -2.48, 2.18, 0.44, 7.14, and 4.95, respectively. Also, the keto derivative 5 (ST-1703, pKi (hH3R)=8.6) revealed LipE and LELP values of 5.25 and 6.84, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Wingen
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Biozentrum, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - J Stephan Schwed
- Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Kathleen Isensee
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Biozentrum, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Lilia Weizel
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Biozentrum, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Aleksandra Zivković
- Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Dalibor Odazic
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Biozentrum, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Holger Stark
- Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
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Synthesis, characterization, and biological assessment of the four stereoisomers of the H3 receptor antagonist 5-fluoro-2-methyl-N-[2-methyl-4-(2-methyl[1,3′]bipyrrolidinyl-1′-yl)phenyl]benzamide. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:4044-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Gao Z, Hurst WJ, Guillot E, Czechtizky W, Lukasczyk U, Nagorny R, Pruniaux MP, Schwink L, Sanchez JA, Stengelin S, Tang L, Winkler I, Hendrix JA, George PG. Discovery of aryl ureas and aryl amides as potent and selective histamine H3 receptor antagonists for the treatment of obesity (part I). Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:3416-20. [PMID: 23591110 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.03.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of structurally novel aryl ureas was derived from optimization of the HTS lead as selective histamine H3 receptor (H3R) antagonists. The SAR was explored and the data obtained set up the starting point and foundation for further optimization. The most potent tool compounds, as exemplified by compounds 2l, 5b, 5d, and 5e, displayed antagonism potencies in the subnanomolar range in in vitro human-H3R FLIPR assays and rhesus monkey H3R binding assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongli Gao
- LGCR SMRPD Chemical Research, Sanofi US, 153-1-122, 153 2nd Ave, Waltham, MA 02451, USA.
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Gao Z, Hurst WJ, Guillot E, Czechtizky W, Lukasczyk U, Nagorny R, Pruniaux MP, Schwink L, Sanchez JA, Stengelin S, Tang L, Winkler I, Hendrix JA, George PG. Discovery of aryl ureas and aryl amides as potent and selective histamine H3 receptor antagonists for the treatment of obesity (Part II). Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:3421-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.03.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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