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Cappellacci L, Perinelli DR, Maggi F, Grifantini M, Petrelli R. Recent Progress in Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors as Anticancer Agents. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:2449-2493. [PMID: 30332940 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666181016163110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are a relatively new class of anti-cancer agents that play important roles in epigenetic or non-epigenetic regulation, inducing death, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest in cancer cells. Recently, their use has been clinically validated in cancer patients resulting in the approval by the FDA of four HDAC inhibitors, vorinostat, romidepsin, belinostat and panobinostat, used for the treatment of cutaneous/peripheral T-cell lymphoma and multiple myeloma. Many more HDAC inhibitors are at different stages of clinical development for the treatment of hematological malignancies as well as solid tumors. Also, clinical trials of several HDAC inhibitors for use as anti-cancer drugs (alone or in combination with other anti-cancer therapeutics) are ongoing. In the intensifying efforts to discover new, hopefully, more therapeutically efficacious HDAC inhibitors, molecular modelingbased rational drug design has played an important role. In this review, we summarize four major structural classes of HDAC inhibitors (hydroxamic acid derivatives, aminobenzamide, cyclic peptide and short-chain fatty acids) that are in clinical trials and different computer modeling tools available for their structural modifications as a guide to discover additional HDAC inhibitors with greater therapeutic utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Cappellacci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Diego R Perinelli
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Filippo Maggi
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Mario Grifantini
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Riccardo Petrelli
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
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2
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Ganesh Kumar M, Veeresh K, Nalawade SA, Nithun RV, Gopi HN. Direct Transformation of N-Protected α,β-Unsaturated γ-Amino Amides into γ-Lactams through a Base-Mediated Molecular Rearrangement. J Org Chem 2019; 84:15145-15153. [PMID: 31657563 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Here, we are reporting a single-step transformation of N-protected α,β-unsaturated γ-amino amides into 5,5-disubstituted γ-lactams through a base-mediated new molecular rearrangement. In contrast to the known N- to C(O) cyclization of saturated γ-amino acids into corresponding γ-lactams, the new rearrangement involves the cyclization between N-terminal Cγ- to C-terminal amide N. The cyclization process was initiated by the migration of double bond from α,β → β,γ position. The enamine-imine tautomerization of the new β,γ-double bond and subsequent 5-exo-trig cyclization of terminal amide leads to the formation of N-protected 5,5-disubstituted γ-lactam. The structures of various γ-lactams obtained from the rearrangement were studied in single crystals. Overall, the results reported here demonstrate the facile and single-step transformation of N-protected α,β-unsaturated γ-amino amides into γ-lactams and provided an excellent opportunity to construct small-molecule peptidomimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mothukuri Ganesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research , Dr. Homi Bhabha Road , Pune 411 008 , India
| | - Kuruva Veeresh
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research , Dr. Homi Bhabha Road , Pune 411 008 , India
| | - Sachin A Nalawade
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research , Dr. Homi Bhabha Road , Pune 411 008 , India
| | - Raj V Nithun
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research , Dr. Homi Bhabha Road , Pune 411 008 , India
| | - Hosahudya N Gopi
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research , Dr. Homi Bhabha Road , Pune 411 008 , India
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3
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Recent advances in the applications of Wittig reaction in the total synthesis of natural products containing lactone, pyrone, and lactam as a scaffold. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-019-02465-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Caruano J, Muccioli GG, Robiette R. Biologically active γ-lactams: synthesis and natural sources. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 14:10134-10156. [PMID: 27748489 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01349j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The γ-lactam moiety is present in a large number of natural and non-natural biologically active compounds. The range of biological activities covered by these compounds is very broad. Functionalized γ-lactams are thus of high interest and have great potential in medicinal chemistry. This review provides a description of the title compounds by focusing on their synthesis, natural sources and biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Caruano
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Louis Pasteur 1 box L4.01.02, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. and Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Av. E. Mounier 73 box B1.72.01, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - G G Muccioli
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Av. E. Mounier 73 box B1.72.01, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - R Robiette
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Louis Pasteur 1 box L4.01.02, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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5
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Zagni C, Floresta G, Monciino G, Rescifina A. The Search for Potent, Small-Molecule HDACIs in Cancer Treatment: A Decade After Vorinostat. Med Res Rev 2017; 37:1373-1428. [PMID: 28181261 DOI: 10.1002/med.21437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play a crucial role in the remodeling of chromatin, and are involved in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression. In the last decade, inhibition of HDACs came out as a target for specific epigenetic changes associated with cancer and other diseases. Until now, more than 20 HDAC inhibitors (HDACIs) have entered clinical studies, and some of them (e.g., vorinostat, romidepsin) have been approved for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. This review provides an overview of current knowledge, progress, and molecular mechanisms of HDACIs, covering a period from 2011 until 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Zagni
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Floresta
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Giulia Monciino
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Rescifina
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
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6
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Manal M, Chandrasekar M, Gomathi Priya J, Nanjan M. Inhibitors of histone deacetylase as antitumor agents: A critical review. Bioorg Chem 2016; 67:18-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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7
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Mottamal M, Zheng S, Huang TL, Wang G. Histone deacetylase inhibitors in clinical studies as templates for new anticancer agents. Molecules 2015; 20:3898-941. [PMID: 25738536 PMCID: PMC4372801 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20033898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 480] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone dacetylases (HDACs) are a group of enzymes that remove acetyl groups from histones and regulate expression of tumor suppressor genes. They are implicated in many human diseases, especially cancer, making them a promising therapeutic target for treatment of the latter by developing a wide variety of inhibitors. HDAC inhibitors interfere with HDAC activity and regulate biological events, such as cell cycle, differentiation and apoptosis in cancer cells. As a result, HDAC inhibitor-based therapies have gained much attention for cancer treatment. To date, the FDA has approved three HDAC inhibitors for cutaneous/peripheral T-cell lymphoma and many more HDAC inhibitors are in different stages of clinical development for the treatment of hematological malignancies as well as solid tumors. In the intensifying efforts to discover new, hopefully more therapeutically efficacious HDAC inhibitors, molecular modeling-based rational drug design has played an important role in identifying potential inhibitors that vary in molecular structures and properties. In this review, we summarize four major structural classes of HDAC inhibitors that are in clinical trials and different computer modeling tools available for their structural modifications as a guide to discover additional HDAC inhibitors with greater therapeutic utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhusoodanan Mottamal
- RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA.
| | - Shilong Zheng
- RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA.
| | - Tien L Huang
- RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA.
- College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA.
| | - Guangdi Wang
- RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA.
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Chen YR, Das U, Liu MH, Lin W. Organocatalytic Enantioselective Direct Vinylogous Michael Addition of α,β-Unsaturated γ-Butyrolactam to β-Acyl Acrylates and 1,2-Diacylethylenes. J Org Chem 2015; 80:1985-92. [DOI: 10.1021/jo5027047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ru Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Utpal Das
- Organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411 008, India
| | - Meng-Hsien Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wenwei Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan, Republic of China
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9
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Pelkey ET, Pelkey SJ, Greger JG. De Novo Synthesis of 3-Pyrrolin-2-Ones. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aihch.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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10
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Cho M, Choi E, Kim JH, Kim H, Kim HM, Lee JI, Hwang KC, Kim HJ, Han G. Lactam-Based HDAC Inhibitors for Anticancer Chemotherapy: Restoration of RUNX3 by Posttranslational Modification and Epigenetic Control. ChemMedChem 2013; 9:649-56. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201300393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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11
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Yajima T, Yoshida E, Hamano M. Diastereoselective radical addition to γ-alkyl-α-methylene-γ-butyrolactams and the synthesis of a chiral pyroglutamic acid derivative. Beilstein J Org Chem 2013; 9:1432-6. [PMID: 23946839 PMCID: PMC3740493 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.9.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The cis- and trans-stereoselective radical additions to α-methylene-γ-alkyl- γ-lactams were investigated and the scope and limitation of the reaction were also revealed. This stereoselective radical reaction was used for synthesis of chiral pyroglutamic acid derivatives starting from a commercially available chiral amino acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Yajima
- Department of Chemistry, Ochanomizu University, Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8610, Japan
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12
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Alonso C, González M, Fuertes M, Rubiales G, Ezpeleta JM, Palacios F. Synthesis of Fluorinated β-Aminophosphonates and γ-Lactams. J Org Chem 2013; 78:3858-66. [DOI: 10.1021/jo400281e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Concepción Alonso
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica I and Centro
de Investigacion Lascaray (Lascaray Research Center) and ‡Departamento de Fı́sica
Aplicada, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
| | - Marı́a González
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica I and Centro
de Investigacion Lascaray (Lascaray Research Center) and ‡Departamento de Fı́sica
Aplicada, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
| | - Marı́a Fuertes
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica I and Centro
de Investigacion Lascaray (Lascaray Research Center) and ‡Departamento de Fı́sica
Aplicada, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
| | - Gloria Rubiales
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica I and Centro
de Investigacion Lascaray (Lascaray Research Center) and ‡Departamento de Fı́sica
Aplicada, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
| | - Jose Marı́a Ezpeleta
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica I and Centro
de Investigacion Lascaray (Lascaray Research Center) and ‡Departamento de Fı́sica
Aplicada, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
| | - Francisco Palacios
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica I and Centro
de Investigacion Lascaray (Lascaray Research Center) and ‡Departamento de Fı́sica
Aplicada, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
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13
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Cho M, Choi E, Yang JS, Lee C, Seo JJ, Kim BS, Oh SJ, Kim HM, Lee K, Park SK, Kwon HJ, Han G. Discovery of pyridone-based histone deacetylase inhibitors: approaches for metabolic stability. ChemMedChem 2013; 8:272-9. [PMID: 23292995 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201200529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are important enzymes in epigenetic regulation and are therapeutic targets for cancer. Most zinc-dependent HDACs induce proliferation, dedifferentiation, and anti-apoptotic effects in cancer cells. We designed and synthesized a new series of pyridone-based HDAC inhibitors that have a pyridone ring in the core structure and a conjugated system with an olefin connecting the hydroxamic acid moiety. Consequently, most of the selected pyridone-based HDAC inhibitors showed similar or higher inhibition profiles in addition to remarkable metabolic stability against hydrolysis relative to the corresponding lactam-based HDAC inhibitors. Furthermore, the selectivity of the novel pyridine-based compounds was evaluated across all of the HDAC isoforms. One of these compounds, (E)-N-hydroxy-3-{1-[3-(naphthalen-2-yl)propyl]-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridin-3-yl}acrylamide, exhibited the highest level of HDAC inhibition (IC(50) =0.07 μM), highly selective inhibition of class I HDAC1 and class II HDAC6 enzymes, metabolic stability in mouse liver microsomal studies, and effective growth inhibition of various cancer cell lines. Docking studies indicated that a long alkyl linker and bulky hydrophobic cap groups affect in vitro activities. Overall, the findings reported herein regarding pyridone-based HDAC inhibitors can be used to guide future research efforts to develop new and effective anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misun Cho
- Translational Research Center for Protein Function Control (TRCP), Department of Biotechnology and Department of Biomedical Sciences (WCU Program), Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
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14
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Choi E, Lee C, Cho M, Seo JJ, Yang JS, Oh SJ, Lee K, Park SK, Kim HM, Kwon HJ, Han G. Property-Based Optimization of Hydroxamate-Based γ-Lactam HDAC Inhibitors to Improve Their Metabolic Stability and Pharmacokinetic Profiles. J Med Chem 2012; 55:10766-70. [DOI: 10.1021/jm3009376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eunhyun Choi
- Severance Integrative Research Institute for Cerebral & Cardiovascular Disease, Yonsei University Health System, 250 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
- Translational
Research Center
for Protein Function Control, Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei
University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Chulho Lee
- Translational
Research Center
for Protein Function Control, Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei
University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Misun Cho
- Translational
Research Center
for Protein Function Control, Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei
University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Jea Seo
- Translational
Research Center
for Protein Function Control, Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei
University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Sun Yang
- Translational
Research Center
for Protein Function Control, Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei
University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jin Oh
- Bioevaluation Center, Korea Research
Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangcheong, Ochang, Cheongwon,
Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiho Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University,
Yeongi, Chungnam 339-700, Republic of Korea
| | - Song-Kyu Park
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University,
Yeongi, Chungnam 339-700, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan Mook Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon
University of Medicine and Science, Incheon 406-799, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jeong Kwon
- Translational
Research Center
for Protein Function Control, Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei
University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyoonhee Han
- Translational
Research Center
for Protein Function Control, Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei
University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (WCU
Program), Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic
of Korea
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15
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Choi SE, Pflum MKH. The structural requirements of histone deacetylase inhibitors: suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid analogs modified at the C6 position. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:7084-6. [PMID: 23089527 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.09.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Revised: 09/20/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA, Vorinostat), the first FDA-approved histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor drug, was modified at the C6 position to study the structural requirements for high potency and selectivity. Substituents on the C6 position only modestly influenced inhibitor potency, with poorer activity observed as substituent size increased. Interestingly, C6 substituents also modestly influenced selectivity compared to the parent compound, SAHA. This systematic study documenting the influence of substituents on the SAHA linker region will aid development of anti-cancer drugs targeting HDAC proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Ea Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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