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Cuffaro D, Ciccone L, Rossello A, Nuti E, Santamaria S. Targeting Aggrecanases for Osteoarthritis Therapy: From Zinc Chelation to Exosite Inhibition. J Med Chem 2022; 65:13505-13532. [PMID: 36250680 PMCID: PMC9620172 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease. In 1999, two members of the A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motifs (ADAMTS) family of metalloproteinases, ADAMTS4 and ADAMTS5, or aggrecanases, were identified as the enzymes responsible for aggrecan degradation in cartilage. The first aggrecanase inhibitors targeted the active site by chelation of the catalytic zinc ion. Due to the generally disappointing performance of zinc-chelating inhibitors in preclinical and clinical studies, inhibition strategies tried to move away from the active-site zinc in order to improve selectivity. Exosite inhibitors bind to proteoglycan-binding residues present on the aggrecanase ancillary domains (called exosites). While exosite inhibitors are generally more selective than zinc-chelating inhibitors, they are still far from fulfilling their potential, partly due to a lack of structural and functional data on aggrecanase exosites. Filling this gap will inform the design of novel potent, selective aggrecanase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doretta Cuffaro
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lidia Ciccone
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Armando Rossello
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisa Nuti
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Salvatore Santamaria
- Department
of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial
College London, Du Cane Road, London W12
0NN, U.K.
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Kutasevich AV, Niktarov AS, Uvarova ES, Karnoukhova VA, Mityanov VS. A novel approach to bis(1,3-azol-2-yl)acetonitriles and bis(1,3-azol-2-yl)methanes via the [3 + 2]-dipolar cycloaddition of imidazole N-oxides and 2-heteroaryl-3,3-dimethylacrylonitriles. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:8988-8998. [PMID: 34596641 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01441b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new synthetic approach for obtaining previously unknown bis(1,3-azol-2-yl)acetonitriles and bis(1,3-azol-2-yl)methanes has been developed. It is based on 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between 2-unsubstituted imidazole N-oxides and 2-(1,3-azol-2-yl)-3,3-dimethylacrylonitriles, which are easily available through the condensation of (1,3-azol-2-yl)acetonitriles with acetone. The method allows for the construction of various unsymmetric derivatives based on imidazole, oxazole, thiazole, and 1,3,4-thiadiazole cyclic molecules. Its potential has been demonstrated via the synthesis of 24 diverse derivatives with yields of 29-92%. Bis(1,3-azol-2-yl)acetonitriles can be converted to the corresponding bis(1,3-azol-2-yl)methanes via simple acid hydrolysis followed by subsequent spontaneous decarboxylation at nearly quantitative yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton V Kutasevich
- Department of Fine Organic Synthesis and Chemistry of Dyes, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Miusskaya Sq., 9, Moscow 125047, Russian Federation.
| | - Anton S Niktarov
- Department of Fine Organic Synthesis and Chemistry of Dyes, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Miusskaya Sq., 9, Moscow 125047, Russian Federation.
| | - Ekaterina S Uvarova
- Department of Fine Organic Synthesis and Chemistry of Dyes, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Miusskaya Sq., 9, Moscow 125047, Russian Federation.
| | - Valentina A Karnoukhova
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova St. 28, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Vitaly S Mityanov
- Department of Fine Organic Synthesis and Chemistry of Dyes, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Miusskaya Sq., 9, Moscow 125047, Russian Federation.
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Synthesis of ( ±)-rupestine A and ( ±)-rupestine J, structural reassignment of rupestine A via ECD analysis. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01721-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Rentería-Gómez MA, Islas-Jácome A, Pharande SG, Vosburg DA, Gámez-Montaño R. Synthesis of Tris-Heterocycles via a Cascade IMCR/Aza Diels-Alder + CuAAC Strategy. Front Chem 2019; 7:546. [PMID: 31448260 PMCID: PMC6691067 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
6-Triazolylmethyl-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-one tris-heterocycles were synthesized in 43-57% overall yields. The two-stage synthesis involved a cascade process (Ugi-3CR/aza Diels-Alder/N-acylation/aromatization) followed by a copper-assisted alkyne-azide [3+2] cycloaddition (CuAAC). This efficient and convergent strategy proceeded via complex terminal alkynes functionalized with a fused bis-heterocycle at the α-position. The final products are ideal candidates for SAR studies as they possess two privileged scaffolds in medicinal chemistry: 4-substituted or 1,4-substituted 1H-1,2,3-triazoles and pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-ones.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alejandro Islas-Jácome
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - David A. Vosburg
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
- Department of Chemistry, Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, CA, United States
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Inhibition of aggrecanases as a therapeutic strategy in osteoarthritis. Future Med Chem 2015; 6:1399-412. [PMID: 25329196 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.14.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, there has been a large effort to target aggrecanases, which are responsible for the degradation of the aggrecan in the extracellular matrix of joints, in order to hopefully lead to new treatments for osteoarthritis. Only a few inhibitors have been effective in explants or rodent models and thus only a few have reached the clinic, none of which have proven to be effective. In this article, a survey of chemical series is described, covering historical and recent inhibitors and highlighting how some of their problems were resolved, with a critical overview of the challenges encountered. A large effort should be undertaken in designing smaller compounds with higher residence times, defining new interaction sites on the aggrecanases and exploiting target flexibility.
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Obydennov KL, Golovko NA, Kosterina MF, Pospelova TA, Slepukhin PA, Morzherin YY. Synthesis of 4-oxothiazolidine-2,5-diylidenes containing thioamide group based on dithiomalonamides. Russ Chem Bull 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-014-0599-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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7
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Szpunar M, Loska R. A General Synthesis of Bis(o-azaheteroaryl)methane Derivatives fromN-Oxides of Azines and Azoles. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Chen P, Zhu S, Wang Y, Mu Q, Wu Y, Xia Q, Zhang X, Sun H, Tao J, Hu H, Lu P, Ouyang H. The amelioration of cartilage degeneration by ADAMTS-5 inhibitor delivered in a hyaluronic acid hydrogel. Biomaterials 2014; 35:2827-36. [PMID: 24424207 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.12.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Degradation of proteoglycan is the key early event in the development of osteoarthritis (OA). The aggrecanase ADAMTS-5 has been identified as the major enzyme responsible for the degradation and thus is an attractive therapeutic target for OA. However, currently there is no report on using an ADAMTS-5 inhibition strategy for OA treatment. The present study aimed to investigate the synergic effect of combining an ADAMTS-5 inhibitor (114810) with a hyaluronic acid hydrogel (HAX) for OA therapeutics. Two OA models were induced by surgically creating an osteochondral defect or removing the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in Sprague-Dawley rats. Human OA cartilage was obtained from total joint replacement patients. Both human and rat OA cartilage showed marked proteoglycan loss with significantly increased ADAMTS-5 expression. The effectiveness of ADAMTS-5 inhibition by 114810 was confirmed by a cartilage explants assay in vitro, which showed that the 114810 halted the aggrecanase-mediated (374)ARGS neoepitope released from aggrecan induced by IL-1β stimulation. The in vivo effect of ADAMTS-5 inhibition was assessed by the articular injection of HAX with 114810 into OA knee joints. Evaluated eight weeks after injection, 114810 with HAX significantly promoted the in vivo cartilage healing in the osteochondral defect model, and prevented the progression of degenerative changes in the ACL model. Our results confirmed that ADAMTS-5 is an effective target for OA treatment, and the intra-articular injection of an ADAMTS-5 inhibitor within HAX gel could be a promising strategy for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Chen
- Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shouan Zhu
- Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qin Mu
- Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingqing Xia
- Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Heng Sun
- Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiadong Tao
- Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hu Hu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Lu
- Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Hongwei Ouyang
- Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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Discovery of a benzimidazole series of ADAMTS-5 (aggrecanase-2) inhibitors by scaffold hopping. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 71:250-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.10.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2013] [Revised: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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Maingot L, Elbakali J, Dumont J, Bosc D, Cousaert N, Urban A, Deglane G, Villoutreix B, Nagase H, Sperandio O, Leroux F, Deprez B, Deprez-Poulain R. Aggrecanase-2 inhibitors based on the acylthiosemicarbazide zinc-binding group. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 69:244-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Revised: 08/18/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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