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Sharma P, Singh M. An ongoing journey of chalcone analogues as single and multi-target ligands in the field of Alzheimer's disease: A review with structural aspects. Life Sci 2023; 320:121568. [PMID: 36925061 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder with progressive dementia and cognitive impairment. AD poses severe health challenge in elderly people and become one of the leading causes of death worldwide. It possesses complex pathophysiology with several hypotheses (cholinergic hypothesis, amyloid hypothesis, tau hypothesis, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction etc.). Several attempts have been made for the management of multifactorial AD. Acetylcholinesterase is the only target has been widely explored in the management of AD to the date. The current review set forth the chalcone based natural, semi-synthetic and synthetic compounds in the search of potential anti-Alzheimer's agents. The main highlights of current review emphasizes on chalcone target different enzymes and pathways like Acetylcholinesterase, β-secretase (BACE1), tau proteins, MAO, free radicals, Advanced glycation end Products (AGEs) etc. and their structure activity relationships contributing in the inhibition of above mentioned various targets of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Manjinder Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India.
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Charlton NC, Mastyugin M, Török B, Török M. Structural Features of Small Molecule Antioxidants and Strategic Modifications to Improve Potential Bioactivity. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031057. [PMID: 36770724 PMCID: PMC9920158 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This review surveys the major structural features in various groups of small molecules that are considered to be antioxidants, including natural and synthetic compounds alike. Recent advances in the strategic modification of known small molecule antioxidants are also described. The highlight is placed on changing major physicochemical parameters, including log p, bond dissociation energy, ionization potential, and others which result in improved antioxidant activity.
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Naik SP, Sachin C, Soniya P, Harishchandra N, Venkatesh S, Shilpa T, Shivlingarao MD. Synthesis, Characterisation and Docking Studies of Thioxoquinoline Derivatives as Potential Anti-Alzheimer Agents. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2022; 19:e130522204744. [PMID: 35570516 DOI: 10.2174/1570163819666220513115542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is related to the total loss of presynaptic neurotransmitters of the cholinergic system in regions of the brain related to memory. Approximately 15% of the population beyond the age of 65 years are suffering from dementia due to AD and the rate is rising exponentially with age. OBJECTIVE The objective of this research was the synthesis of a series of 1-(4-substituted-2- thioxoquinolin-1(2H)-yl)-2-substituted ethanoneV (a-c(1-4)) by undergoing acetylation at the nitrogen of 4-hydroxyquinolin-2-(1H)-one and replacing its oxygen atom with sulphur moiety via the process of thionation. To carry out-docking studies of the title compounds were carried out using Molegro Virtual Docker (MVD-2013, 6.0) software and in-vitro screening of anti-alzheimer's activity by Ellman assay method. METHODS The synthesis of the title compounds was carried out via the sequential reaction from the initial dianilide to ring closure to the substituted quinoline-2-ones using polyphosphoric acid as a cyclising agent. These substituted quinoline-2-ones on thionation by phosphorous pentasulphide in aluminium trioxide gave quinoline-2-thiones and on further condensation with chloroacetyl chloride, they resulted in compounds with a leaving group. Nucleophilic substitution reaction of chloroacetylquinoline- 2-thiones with secondary amines resulted in the title compounds 1-(4-substituted-2- thioxoquinolin-1(2H)-yl)-2-substituted ethanone V(a-c(1-4)). The pharmacophore mapping of synthesized compounds was performed by using Molegro Virtual Docker (MVD-2013,6.0). The title compounds were tested for their in vitro anti-Alzheimer's activity using the Ellman assay method. RESULTS All the synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and Mass spectral data. Docking studies of all the synthesized compounds were carried out using a structural mechanism for the inhibition of CDK5-p25 by roscovitine, aloisine, and indirubin (PDB ID: 1UNG), showed favourable results, with compound (Vb3) showing a MolDock score of -85.9788 that was comparable to that of the active ligand (ALH_1288 [B]) with MolDock score of - 87.7609. CONCLUSION The synthesized derivatives possessed the potential to bind with some of the amino acid residues of the active site. Compound 2-(6-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-thioxoquinolin-1(2H)-yl-1-piperazin- 1-ethanone (Vb3) was found to be the most active among the synthesized derivatives, with IC50 values of 32 ± 0.1681. All the synthesized compounds showed potent to moderate activity in comparison to the reference standard donepezil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalaka P Naik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, P.E. S's Rajaram, and Tarabai Bandekar, College of Pharmacy, Farmagudi, Ponda, Goa, 403 401, India
| | - Chandavarkar Sachin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, ASPM College of Pharmacy, Sangulwadi, Tal. Vaibhavwadi, Dist. Sindhudurg, Maharashtra, 416810, India
| | - Phadte Soniya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, P.E. S's Rajaram, and Tarabai Bandekar, College of Pharmacy, Farmagudi, Ponda, Goa, 403 401, India
| | - Naik Harishchandra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, P.E. S's Rajaram, and Tarabai Bandekar, College of Pharmacy, Farmagudi, Ponda, Goa, 403 401, India
| | - Sinari Venkatesh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, P.E. S's Rajaram, and Tarabai Bandekar, College of Pharmacy, Farmagudi, Ponda, Goa, 403 401, India
| | - Tawde Shilpa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, P.E. S's Rajaram, and Tarabai Bandekar, College of Pharmacy, Farmagudi, Ponda, Goa, 403 401, India
| | - Mamle Desai Shivlingarao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, P.E. S's Rajaram, and Tarabai Bandekar, College of Pharmacy, Farmagudi, Ponda, Goa, 403 401, India
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Al-Ghulikah HA, Mughal EU, Elkaeed EB, Naeem N, Nazir Y, Alzahrani AYA, Sadiq A, Shah SWA. Discovery of Chalcone Derivatives as Potential α-Glucosidase and Cholinesterase Inhibitors: Effect of Hyperglycemia in Paving a Path to Dementia. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abdel-Galil E, Girges MM, Said GE. Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Cyclohexenone Derivatives Incorporating Azo, Triazene, and Tetraazene Moieties. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363222100292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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6
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Zhang H, Wang Y, Wang Y, Li X, Wang S, Wang Z. Recent advance on carbamate-based cholinesterase inhibitors as potential multifunctional agents against Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 240:114606. [PMID: 35858523 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), as the fourth leading cause of death among the elderly worldwide, has brought enormous challenge to the society. Due to its extremely complex pathogeneses, the development of multi-target directed ligands (MTDLs) becomes the major strategy for combating AD. Carbamate moiety, as an essential building block in the development of MTDLs, exhibits structural similarity to neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) and has piqued extensive attention in discovering multifunctional cholinesterase inhibitors. To date, numerous preclinical studies demonstrate that carbamate-based cholinesterase inhibitors can prominently increase the level of ACh and improve cognition impairments and behavioral deficits, providing a privileged strategy for the treatment of AD. Based on the recent research focus on the novel cholinesterase inhibitors with multiple biofunctions, this review aims at summarizing and discussing the most recent studies excavating the potential carbamate-based MTDLs with cholinesterase inhibition efficacy, to accelerate the pace of pleiotropic cholinesterase inhibitors for coping AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghua Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yuying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yuqing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xuelin Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Shuzhi Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Zhen Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
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George G, Koyiparambath VP, Sukumaran S, Nair AS, Pappachan LK, Al-Sehemi AG, Kim H, Mathew B. Structural Modifications on Chalcone Framework for Developing New Class of Cholinesterase Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063121. [PMID: 35328542 PMCID: PMC8953944 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the multifaceted pharmacological activities of chalcones, these scaffolds have been considered one of the most privileged frameworks in the drug discovery process. Structurally, chalcones are α, β-unsaturated carbonyl functionalities with two aryl or heteroaryl units. Amongst the numerous pharmacological activities explored for chalcone derivatives, the development of novel chalcone analogs for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is among the research topics of most interest. Chalcones possess numerous advantages, such as smaller molecular size, opportunities for further structural modification thereby altering the physicochemical properties, cost-effectiveness, and convenient synthetic methodology. The present review highlights the recent evidence of chalcones as a privileged structure in AD drug development processes. Different classes of chalcone-derived analogs are summarized for the easy understanding of the previously reported analogs as well as the importance of certain functionalities in exhibiting cholinesterase inhibition. In this way, this review will shed light on the medicinal chemistry fraternity for the design and development of novel promising chalcone candidates for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ginson George
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682 041, India; (G.G.); (V.P.K.); (S.S.); (A.S.N.); (L.K.P.)
| | - Vishal Payyalot Koyiparambath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682 041, India; (G.G.); (V.P.K.); (S.S.); (A.S.N.); (L.K.P.)
| | - Sunitha Sukumaran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682 041, India; (G.G.); (V.P.K.); (S.S.); (A.S.N.); (L.K.P.)
| | - Aathira Sujathan Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682 041, India; (G.G.); (V.P.K.); (S.S.); (A.S.N.); (L.K.P.)
| | - Leena K. Pappachan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682 041, India; (G.G.); (V.P.K.); (S.S.); (A.S.N.); (L.K.P.)
| | - Abdullah G. Al-Sehemi
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
- Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (B.M.)
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682 041, India; (G.G.); (V.P.K.); (S.S.); (A.S.N.); (L.K.P.)
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (B.M.)
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Anbukarasi K, Xavier S, Jamalis J, Sebastian S, Paularokiadoss F, Periandy S, Rajkumar R. Synthesis, reaction pathways, homa, TG/DSC, spectroscopic and quantum computational analysis of (2E)-3-[3-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-l-phenyl-2-propen-l-one. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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9
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Alipour HR, Yaghmaei P, Ahmadian S, Ghobeh M, Ebrahim-Habibi A. A study on alpha-terpineol in Alzheimer’s disease with the use of rodent in vivo model, restraint stress effect and in vitro Amyloid beta fibrils. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e19090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Azadeh Ebrahim-Habibi
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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10
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Verma A, Kumar Waiker D, Bhardwaj B, Saraf P, Shrivastava SK. The molecular mechanism, targets, and novel molecules in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Bioorg Chem 2021; 119:105562. [PMID: 34952243 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurological illness that causes dementia mainly in the elderly. The challenging obstacles related to AD has freaked global healthcare system to encourage scientists in developing novel therapeutic startegies to overcome with the fatal disease. The current treatment therapy of AD provides only symptomatic relief and to some extent disease-modifying effects. The current approach for AD treatment involves designing of cholinergic inhibitors, Aβ disaggregation inducing agents, tau inhibitors and several antioxidants. Hence, extensive research on AD therapy urgently requires a deep understanding of its pathophysiology and exploration of various chemical scaffolds to design and develop a potential drug candidate for the treatment. Various issues linked between disease and therapy need to be considered such as BBB penetration capability, clinical failure and multifaceted pathophisiology requires a proper attention to develop a lead candidate. This review article covers all probable mechanisms including one of the recent areas for investigation i.e., lipid dyshomeostasis, pathogenic involvement of P. gingivalis and neurovascular dysfunction, recently reported molecules and drugs under clinical investigations and approved by FDA for AD treatment. Our summarized information on AD will attract the researchers to understand and explore current status and structural modifications of the recently reported heterocyclic derivatives in drug development for AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Verma
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India
| | - Digambar Kumar Waiker
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India
| | - Bhagwati Bhardwaj
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India
| | - Poorvi Saraf
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India
| | - Sushant K Shrivastava
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India.
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Husain A, Balushi K A, Akhtar MJ, Khan SA. Coumarin linked heterocyclic hybrids: A promising approach to develop multi target drugs for Alzheimer's disease. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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12
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Tamfu AN, Kucukaydin S, Yeskaliyeva B, Ozturk M, Dinica RM. Non-Alkaloid Cholinesterase Inhibitory Compounds from Natural Sources. Molecules 2021; 26:5582. [PMID: 34577053 PMCID: PMC8472022 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a severe neurodegenerative disorder of different brain regions accompanied by distresses and affecting more than 25 million people in the world. This progressive brain deterioration affects the central nervous system and has negative impacts on a patient's daily activities such as memory impairment. The most important challenge concerning AD is the development of new drugs for long-term treatment or prevention, with lesser side effects and greater efficiency as cholinesterases inhibitors and the ability to remove amyloid-beta(Aβ) deposits and other related AD neuropathologies. Natural sources provide promising alternatives to synthetic cholinesterase inhibitors and many have been reported for alkaloids while neglecting other classes with potential cholinesterase inhibition. This review summarizes information about the therapeutic potential of small natural molecules from medicinal herbs, belonging to terpenoids, coumarins, and phenolic compounds, and others, which have gained special attention due to their specific modes of action and their advantages of low toxicity and high efficiency in the treatment of AD. Some show superior drug-like features in comparison to synthetic cholinesterase inhibitors. We expect that the listed phytoconstituents in this review will serve as promising tools and chemical scaffolds for the discovery of new potent therapeutic leads for the amelioration and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfred Ngenge Tamfu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Mineral Industries, University of Ngaoundere, 454 Ngaoundere, Cameroon
- Department of Chemistry, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla 48000, Turkey; (B.Y.); (M.O.)
| | - Selcuk Kucukaydin
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Koycegiz Vocational School of Health Services, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla 48800, Turkey;
| | - Balakyz Yeskaliyeva
- Department of Chemistry, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla 48000, Turkey; (B.Y.); (M.O.)
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Mehmet Ozturk
- Department of Chemistry, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla 48000, Turkey; (B.Y.); (M.O.)
| | - Rodica Mihaela Dinica
- Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, Dunarea de Jos University, 47 Domneasca Str., 800008 Galati, Romania
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Wang XQ, Zhou LY, Tan RX, Liang GP, Fang SX, Li W, Xie M, Wen YH, Wu JQ, Chen YP. Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Chalcone Derivatives as Multifunctional Agents against Alzheimer's Disease. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100341. [PMID: 34510699 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Fifteen chalcone derivatives 3a-3o were synthesized, and evaluated as multifunctional agents against Alzheimer's disease. In vitro studies revealed that these compounds inhibited self-induced Aβ1-42 aggregation effectively ranged from 45.9-94.5 % at 20 μM, and acted as potential antioxidants. Their structure-activity relationships were summarized. In particular, (2E)-3-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-1-(pyridin-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (3g) exhibited an excellent inhibitory activity of 94.5 % at 20 μM, and it could disassemble the self-induced Aβ1-42 aggregation fibrils with ratio of 57.1 % at 20 μM concentration. In addition, compound 3g displayed good chelating ability for Cu2+ , and could effectively inhibit and disaggregate Cu2+ -induced Aβ aggregation. Moreover, compound 3g exerted low cytotoxicity, significantly reversed Aβ1-42 -induced SH-SY5Y cell damage. More importantly, compound 3g remarkably ameliorated scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice. In summary, all the results revealed compound 3g was a potential multifunctional agent for AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Lu-Yi Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Ren-Xian Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Guo-Peng Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Si-Xian Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Mei Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu-Hao Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Jia-Qiang Wu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China
| | - Yi-Ping Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, Guangxi, China
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Hammouda MM, Metwally HM, Fekri A, Van der Eycken J. Synthesis and Molecular Modeling Studies on Novel C2 Alkylated Benzoazonine Scaffold and Corresponding 2-Pyrazoline Derivatives as Acetylcholinestrase Enzyme Inhibitors. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2019.1666888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M. Hammouda
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Heba M. Metwally
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Fekri
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Johan Van der Eycken
- Laboratory for Organic and Bioorganic Synthesis, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
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15
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Kamecki F, Marcucci C, Ferreira-Gomes M, Sabatier L, Knez D, Gobec S, Monti JLE, Rademacher M, Marcos A, de Tezanos Pinto F, Gavernet L, Colettis N, Marder M. 2’-Hydroxy-4’,5’-dimethyl-4-dimethylaminochalcone, a novel fluorescent flavonoid with capacity to detect aluminium in cells and modulate Alzheimer’s disease targets. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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16
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Seifi-Nahavandi B, Yaghmaei P, Ahmadian S, Ghobeh M, Ebrahim-Habibi A. Cymene consumption and physical activity effect in Alzheimer's disease model: an in vivo and in vitro study. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021; 19:1381-1389. [PMID: 33520841 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-020-00658-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most important neurodegenerative diseases and accompanied by the production of free radicals and inflammatory factors. Studies have shown that p-cymene has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. Here, the effects of this compound were investigated on a rat model of AD. Methods In order to create Alzheimer's rat model, bilateral injection of Amyloid β1-42 (Aβ1-42) into rats hippocampus was performed. Both therapeutic (post-AD induction) and preventive effects of p-cymene consumption with doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg were investigated. In addition, the effects of adding short-term exercise to the process were also observed. In vitro, Aβ1-42 peptide was driven toward fibril formation and effect of p-cymene was observed on the resulting fibrils. Results Learning and memory indices in the AD rats were significantly reduced compared to the Sham group, while p-cymene consumption with both doses, as well as performing exercise counteracted AD consequences. Moreover, increased neurogenesis and reduced amyloid plaques counts were observed in treated rats. In vitro formed fibrils of Aβ1-42 were partially disaggregated in the presence of p-cymene. Discussion p-Cymene could act on this AD model via antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties as well as direct anti-fibril effect. Conclusion p-cymene can improve AD-related disorders including memory impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Parichehreh Yaghmaei
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahin Ahmadian
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Ghobeh
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Ebrahim-Habibi
- Biosensor Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Mathew B, Parambi DGT, Sivasankarapillai VS, Uddin MS, Suresh J, Mathew GE, Joy M, Marathakam A, Gupta SV. Perspective Design of Chalcones for the Management of CNS Disorders: A Mini-Review. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS 2020; 18:432-445. [PMID: 31187716 DOI: 10.2174/1871527318666190610111246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The development of chalcone-based compounds for CNS disorders has been explored by many research groups. Chalcones are being considered as a potent organic scaffold with widespread applications in the field of drug discovery and medicinal chemistry. The planar or semi-planar geometry of chalcones with various functionalities impinged on the terminal aromatic systems renders the molecule its bio-activity including anti-cancer, anti-malarial, anti-microbial, anti-fungal, antileishmanial, anti-viral, anti-diabetic, anti-hypertensive properties, etc. Moreover, cutting-edge research has been executed in the domain of Central Nervous System (CNS) based scheme, further, their identification and classifications also remain of high interest in the field of medicinal chemistry but the specific reviews are limited. Hence, the present review highlights the significance of chalcones toward their CNS activities (up to 2019), which include anti-depressant activity, anxiolytic activity, activity with GABA receptors, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyryl cholinesterase (BChE) inhibitions, activity as adenosine receptor antagonists anti-Alzheimer's agents, β-amyloid plaques imaging agents, monoamine oxidase inhibition. To our knowledge, this is the first review exclusively for CNS activity profile of chalcones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijo Mathew
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ahalia School of Pharmacy, Palakkad 678557, Kerala, India
| | | | | | - Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Jerad Suresh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Madras Medical College, Chennai 600004, India
| | | | - Monu Joy
- School of Pure & Applied Physics, M.G. University, Kottayam 686560, India
| | - Akash Marathakam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National College of Pharmacy, Calicut 673602, Kerala, India
| | - Sheeba Varghese Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, United States
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18
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Mezeiova E, Chalupova K, Nepovimova E, Gorecki L, Prchal L, Malinak D, Kuca K, Soukup O, Korabecny J. Donepezil Derivatives Targeting Amyloid-β Cascade in Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Alzheimer Res 2020; 16:772-800. [PMID: 30819078 DOI: 10.2174/1567205016666190228122956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with an increasing impact on society. Because currently available therapy has only a short-term effect, a huge number of novel compounds are developed every year exploiting knowledge of the various aspects of AD pathophysiology. To better address the pathological complexity of AD, one of the most extensively pursued strategies by medicinal chemists is based on Multi-target-directed Ligands (MTDLs). Donepezil is one of the currently approved drugs for AD therapy acting as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. In this review, we have made an extensive literature survey focusing on donepezil-derived MTDL hybrids primarily targeting on different levels cholinesterases and amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide. The targeting includes direct interaction of the compounds with Aβ, AChE-induced Aβ aggregation, inhibition of BACE-1 enzyme, and modulation of biometal balance thus impeding Aβ assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Mezeiova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic.,Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Katarina Chalupova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Gorecki
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Prchal
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - David Malinak
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic.,Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Korabecny
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic.,Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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19
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Synthesis, In Silico and In Vitro Evaluation for Acetylcholinesterase and BACE-1 Inhibitory Activity of Some N-Substituted-4-Phenothiazine-Chalcones. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25173916. [PMID: 32867308 PMCID: PMC7504348 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and beta-secretase (BACE-1) are two attractive targets in the discovery of novel substances that could control multiple aspects of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Chalcones are the flavonoid derivatives with diverse bioactivities, including AChE and BACE-1 inhibition. In this study, a series of N-substituted-4-phenothiazine-chalcones was synthesized and tested for AChE and BACE-1 inhibitory activities. In silico models, including two-dimensional quantitative structure–activity relationship (2D-QSAR) for AChE and BACE-1 inhibitors, and molecular docking investigation, were developed to elucidate the experimental process. The results indicated that 13 chalcone derivatives were synthesized with relatively high yields (39–81%). The bioactivities of these substances were examined with pIC50 3.73–5.96 (AChE) and 5.20–6.81 (BACE-1). Eleven of synthesized chalcones had completely new structures. Two substances AC4 and AC12 exhibited the highest biological activities on both AChE and BACE-1. These substances could be employed for further researches. In addition to this, the present study results suggested that, by using a combination of two types of predictive models, 2D-QSAR and molecular docking, it was possible to estimate the biological activities of the prepared compounds with relatively high accuracy.
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20
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Valverde C, Batista Soares JV, Duarte da Silva A, Vieira da Luz B, Almeida dos Santos DJ, Barbosa Carvalho EG, Monteiro Oliveira YC, Barbosa Napolitano H, Baseia B, Pinto Osório FA. Theoretical study of solvent effects on the hyperpolarizabilities of two chalcone derivatives. REVISTA COLOMBIANA DE QUÍMICA 2020. [DOI: 10.15446/rev.colomb.quim.v1n49.82156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of organic as nonlinear optical materials has been intensively explored in the recent years due to the ease of manipulation of the molecular structure and the synthetic flexibility regarding the change of substituent groups. In the present work, the linear and nonlinear properties of two chalcones derivatives (E)-1-(4-methylphenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one (4MP3P) and (E)-1-(4-Nitrophenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one (4NP3P), that differ by the substituent position at the phenyl ring, were studied in the presence of protic and aprotic solvents simulated by the Polarizable Continuum Model (PCM) at DFT/B3LYP/6-311+G(d) level. The static and dynamic (1064 nm) molecular parameters as the dipole moment, linear polarizability, first and second hyperpolarizabilities were studied as function of the solvent dielectric constant value. The geometrical behavior as the chemical bond angles, torsion angles, and partial charges distribution of the compounds were studied, including calculations of gap energies in various solvents. The obtained results revealed that the substituent change of CH3 (4MP3P) to NO2 (4NP3P) benefits the nonlinear optical properties of the compounds in the presence of the solvent media, the absolute values of the parallel first hyperpolarizability were the ones that present the greater variation.
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21
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Castro LL, Picanço LCS, Silva JV, Souza LR, Sousa KPA, Pinheiro AA, Chaves GA, Teixeira HRC, Silva GM, Taft CA, de P da Silva CHT, da S Hage-Melim LI. Proposition of Potential GSK-3β Inhibitors for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: A Molecular Modeling Study. Curr Comput Aided Drug Des 2019; 16:541-554. [PMID: 31749432 DOI: 10.2174/1573409915666191015110734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The enzyme Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3-β (GSK-3β) is related to neuronal cell degeneration, representing a promising target to treat Alzheimer's Disease (AD). METHODS In this work, we performed a molecular modeling study of existing GSK-3β inhibitors by means of evaluation of their IC50 values, derivation of a pharmacophore model, molecular docking simulations, ADME/Tox properties predictions, molecular modifications and prediction of synthetic viability. RESULTS In this manner, inhibitor 15 (CID 57399952) was elected a template molecule, since it demonstrated to bear relevant structural groups able to interact with GSK-3β, and also presented favorable ADME/Tox predicted properties, except for mutagenicity. Based on this inhibitor chemical structure we proposed six analogues that presented the absence of alerts for mutagenic and carcinogenic activity, both for rats and mouse; likewise they all presented low risk alerts for inhibition of hERG and medium prediction of synthetic viability. CONCLUSION It is concluded that the analogues of GSK-3β inhibitors were optimized in relation to the toxicity endpoint of the template molecule, being, therefore, presented as novel and promising drug candidates for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro L Castro
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (PharMedChem), Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, Brazil
| | - Leide C S Picanço
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (PharMedChem), Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, Brazil
| | - Jaderson V Silva
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (PharMedChem), Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, Brazil
| | - Lucilene R Souza
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (PharMedChem), Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, Brazil
| | - Kessia P A Sousa
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (PharMedChem), Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, Brazil
| | - Abraão A Pinheiro
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (PharMedChem), Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, Brazil
| | - Gisele A Chaves
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (PharMedChem), Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, Brazil
| | - Hueldem R C Teixeira
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (PharMedChem), Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, Brazil
| | - Guilherme M Silva
- Computational Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil,Department of Chemistry, School of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Carlton A Taft
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos H T de P da Silva
- Computational Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil,Department of Chemistry, School of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Lorane I da S Hage-Melim
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry (PharMedChem), Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, Brazil
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22
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Zhang X, Song Q, Cao Z, Li Y, Tian C, Yang Z, Zhang H, Deng Y. Design, synthesis and evaluation of chalcone Mannich base derivatives as multifunctional agents for the potential treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Bioorg Chem 2019; 87:395-408. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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23
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Savelieff MG, Nam G, Kang J, Lee HJ, Lee M, Lim MH. Development of Multifunctional Molecules as Potential Therapeutic Candidates for Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in the Last Decade. Chem Rev 2018; 119:1221-1322. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masha G. Savelieff
- SciGency Science Communications, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104, United States
| | - Geewoo Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhye Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuck Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Misun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hee Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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24
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Villar-Piqué A, Schmitz M, Candelise N, Ventura S, Llorens F, Zerr I. Molecular and Clinical Aspects of Protein Aggregation Assays in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:7588-7605. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-0926-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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25
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Banu R, Gerding J, Franklin C, Sikazwe D, Horton W, Török M, Davis J, Cheng KH, Nakazwe M, Mochona B. 4,5-Dimethoxy-2-nitrobenzohydrazides and 1-(1-Benzylpiperidin-4-yl)ethan-1-ones as Potential Antioxidant/Cholinergic Endowed Small Molecule Leads. Sci Pharm 2017; 86:scipharm86010002. [PMID: 29267246 PMCID: PMC5874532 DOI: 10.3390/scipharm86010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this research is to generate leads for developing our ultimate poly-active molecules with utility in central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Indeed, poly-active molecules capable of mitigating brain free radical damage while enhancing acetylcholine signaling (via cholinesterase inhibition) are still being sought for combating Alzheimer's disease (AD). We differentiate "poly-active" agents from "multi-target" ones by defining them as single molecular entities designed to target only specific contributory synergistic pharmacologies in a disease. For instance, in AD, free radicals either initiate or act in synergy with other pharmacologies, leading to disease worsening. For this preliminary report, a total of 14 (i.e., 4,5-dimethoxy-2-nitrobenzohydrazide plus 1-(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)ethan-1-one) derivatives were synthesized and screened, in silico and in vitro, for their ability to scavenge free radicals and inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE)/butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) enzymes. Overall, six derivatives (4a, 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, 9b) exhibited potent (>30%) antioxidant properties in the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay. The antioxidant values were either comparable or more potent than the comparator molecules (ascorbic acid, resveratrol, and trolox). Only three compounds (4d, 9a, 9c) yielded modest AChE/BuChE inhibitions (>10%). Please note that a SciFinder substance data base search confirmed that most of the compounds reported herein are new, except 9a and 9c which are also commercially available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rukhsar Banu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Feik School of Pharmacy, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, TX 78209, USA.
| | - Jason Gerding
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Feik School of Pharmacy, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, TX 78209, USA.
| | - Cynthia Franklin
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Feik School of Pharmacy, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, TX 78209, USA.
| | - Donald Sikazwe
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Feik School of Pharmacy, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, TX 78209, USA.
| | - William Horton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA.
| | - Marianna Török
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA.
| | - Julian Davis
- Chemistry Department, School of Mathematics, Science and Engineering, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, TX 78209, USA.
| | - Kwan H Cheng
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Neuroscience Program, Trinity University, San Antonio, TX 78212, USA.
| | - Muziya Nakazwe
- Anatomy and Physiology Department, School of Osteopathic Medicine, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, TX 78209, USA.
| | - Bereket Mochona
- Department of Chemistry, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA.
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26
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Dong LR, Hu DY, Wu ZX, Chen JX, Song BA. Study of the synthesis, antiviral bioactivity and interaction mechanisms of novel chalcone derivatives that contain the 1,1-dichloropropene moiety. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2017.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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27
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Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 4′-aminochalcone-rivastigmine hybrids as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:1030-1041. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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28
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Arshad L, Jantan I, Bukhari SNA, Haque MA. Immunosuppressive Effects of Natural α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl-Based Compounds, and Their Analogs and Derivatives, on Immune Cells: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:22. [PMID: 28194110 PMCID: PMC5277008 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system is complex and pervasive as it functions to prevent or limit infections in the human body. In a healthy organism, the immune system and the redox balance of immune cells maintain homeostasis within the body. The failure to maintain the balance may lead to impaired immune response and either over activity or abnormally low activity of the immune cells resulting in autoimmune or immune deficiency diseases. Compounds containing α,β-unsaturated carbonyl-based moieties are often reactive. The reactivity of these groups is responsible for their diverse pharmacological activities, and the most important and widely studied include the natural compounds curcumin, chalcone, and zerumbone. Numerous studies have revealed the mainly immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory activities of the aforesaid compounds. This review highlights the specific immunosuppressive effects of these natural α,β-unsaturated carbonyl-based compounds, and their analogs and derivatives on different types of immune cells of the innate (granulocytes, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells) and adaptive (T cells, B cells, and natural killer cells) immune systems. The inhibitory effects of these compounds have been comprehensively studied on neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages but their effects on T cells, B cells, natural killer cells, and dendritic cells have not been well investigated. It is of paramount importance to continue generating experimental data on the mechanisms of action of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl-based compounds on immune cells to provide useful information for ensuing research to discover new immunomodulating agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laiba Arshad
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ibrahim Jantan
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Syed Nasir Abbas Bukhari
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Md Areeful Haque
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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29
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Horton W, Sood A, Peerannawar S, Kugyela N, Kulkarni A, Tulsan R, Tran CD, Soule J, LeVine H, Török B, Török M. Synthesis and application of β-carbolines as novel multi-functional anti-Alzheimer's disease agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:232-236. [PMID: 27923619 PMCID: PMC5282889 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.11.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The design, synthesis and assessment of β-carboline core-based compounds as potential multifunctional agents against several processes that are believed to play a significant role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, are described. The activity of the compounds was determined in Aβ self-assembly (fibril and oligomer formation) and cholinesterase (AChE, BuChE) activity inhibition, and their antioxidant properties were also assessed. To obtain insight into the mode of action of the compounds, HR-MS studies were carried out on the inhibitor-Aβ complex formation and molecular docking was performed on inhibitor-BuChE interactions. While several compounds exhibited strong activities in individual assays, compound 14 emerged as a promising multi-target lead for the further structure-activity relationship studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Horton
- University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA, USA
| | - Abha Sood
- University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Nandor Kugyela
- University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aditya Kulkarni
- University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rekha Tulsan
- University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chris D Tran
- University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessica Soule
- University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA, USA
| | - Harry LeVine
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Chandler School of Medicine, and Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Béla Török
- University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marianna Török
- University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA, USA.
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30
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Basiri A, Xiao M, McCarthy A, Dutta D, Byrareddy SN, Conda-Sheridan M. Design and synthesis of new piperidone grafted acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 27:228-231. [PMID: 27914796 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.11.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting 35million people worldwide. A common strategy to improve the well-being of AD patients consists on the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase with the concomitant increase of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine at cholinergic synapses. Two series of unreported N-benzylpiperidines 5(a-h) and thiazolopyrimidines 9(a-q) molecules were synthesized and evaluated in vitro for their acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities. Among the newly synthesized compounds, 5h, 9h, 9j, and 9p displayed higher AChE enzyme inhibitory activities than the standard drug, galantamine, with IC50 values of 0.83, 0.98, and 0.73μM, respectively. Cytotoxicity studies of 5h, 9h, 9j, 9n and 9p on human neuroblastoma cells SH-SY5Y, showed no toxicity up to 40μM concentration. Molecular docking simulations of the active compounds 5h and 9p disclosed the crucial role of π-π-stacking in their binding interaction to the active site AChE enzyme. The presented compounds have potential as AChE inhibitors and potential AD drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Basiri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States
| | - Michelle Xiao
- School of Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States
| | - Alec McCarthy
- School of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, United States
| | - Debashis Dutta
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States
| | - Siddappa N Byrareddy
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States
| | - Martin Conda-Sheridan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States.
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Shakhatreh MAK, Al-Smadi ML, Khabour OF, Shuaibu FA, Hussein EI, Alzoubi KH. Study of the antibacterial and antifungal activities of synthetic benzyl bromides, ketones, and corresponding chalcone derivatives. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2016; 10:3653-3660. [PMID: 27877017 PMCID: PMC5108482 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s116312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Several applications of chalcones and their derivatives encouraged researchers to increase their synthesis as an alternative for the treatment of pathogenic bacterial and fungal infections. In the present study, chalcone derivatives were synthesized through cross aldol condensation reaction between 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)benzaldehyde and multiarm aromatic ketones. The multiarm aromatic ketones were synthesized through nucleophilic substitution reaction between 4-hydroxy acetophenone and benzyl bromides. The benzyl bromides, multiarm aromatic ketones, and corresponding chalcone derivatives were evaluated for their activities against eleven clinical pathogenic Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria, and three pathogenic fungi by the disk diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration was determined by the microbroth dilution technique. The results of the present study demonstrated that benzyl bromide derivatives have strong antibacterial and antifungal properties as compared to synthetic chalcone derivatives and ketones. Benzyl bromides (1a and 1c) showed high ester activity against Gram-positive bacteria and fungi but moderate activity against Gram-negative bacteria. Therefore, these compounds may be considered as good antibacterial and antifungal drug discovery. However, substituted ketones (2a–b) as well as chalcone derivatives (3a–c) showed no activity against all the tested strains except for ketone (2c), which showed moderate activity against Candida albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mousa L Al-Smadi
- Department of Applied Chemical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Omar F Khabour
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences; Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madina, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Karem H Alzoubi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Molecular Modelling of 2'-Hydroxychalcones as Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21070955. [PMID: 27455222 PMCID: PMC6273369 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21070955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of 2′-hydroxy- and 2′-hydroxy-4′,6′-dimethoxychalcones was synthesised and evaluated as inhibitors of human acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The majority of the compounds were found to show some activity, with the most active compounds having IC50 values of 40–85 µM. Higher activities were generally observed for compounds with methoxy substituents in the A ring and halogen substituents in the B ring. Kinetic studies on the most active compounds showed that they act as mixed-type inhibitors, in agreement with the results of molecular modelling studies, which suggested that they interact with residues in the peripheral anionic site and the gorge region of AChE.
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Coumarins as cholinesterase inhibitors: A review. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 254:11-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Bag S, Tulsan R, Sood A, Cho H, Redjeb H, Zhou W, LeVine H, Török B, Török M. Sulfonamides as multifunctional agents for Alzheimer’s disease. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:626-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Guzior N, Wieckowska A, Panek D, Malawska B. Recent development of multifunctional agents as potential drug candidates for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Curr Med Chem 2015; 22:373-404. [PMID: 25386820 PMCID: PMC4435057 DOI: 10.2174/0929867321666141106122628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex and progressive neurodegenerative disorder. The available therapy is limited to the symptomatic treatment and its efficacy remains unsatisfactory. In view of the prevalence and expected increase in the incidence of AD, the development of an effective therapy is crucial for public health. Due to the multifactorial aetiology of this disease, the multi-target-directed ligand (MTDL) approach is a promising method in search for new drugs for AD. This review updates information on the development of multifunctional potential anti-AD agents published within the last three years. The majority of the recently reported structures are acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, often endowed with some additional properties. These properties enrich the pharmacological profile of the compounds giving hope for not only symptomatic but also causal treatment of the disease. Among these advantageous properties, the most often reported are an amyloid-β antiaggregation activity, inhibition of β-secretase and monoamine oxidase, an antioxidant and metal chelating activity, NOreleasing ability and interaction with cannabinoid, NMDA or histamine H3 receptors. The majority of novel molecules possess heterodimeric structures, able to interact with multiple targets by combining different pharmacophores, original or derived from natural products or existing therapeutics (tacrine, donepezil, galantamine, memantine). Among the described compounds, several seem to be promising drug candidates, while others may serve as a valuable inspiration in the search for new effective therapies for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Barbara Malawska
- Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Chair of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, 30-688 Krakow, Medyczna 9, Poland.
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Kim BC, Lee SH, Jang M, Won MH, Park JH. ( S)-Allyl Cysteine Derivatives as a New-type Cholinesterase Inhibitor. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.10010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Beom-Cheol Kim
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering; Hanbat National University; Daejeon 305-719 South Korea
| | - Seung-Hwan Lee
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering; Hanbat National University; Daejeon 305-719 South Korea
| | - Mi Jang
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering; Hanbat National University; Daejeon 305-719 South Korea
| | - Moo-Ho Won
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine; Kangwon National University; Chuncheon 200-701 Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Park
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering; Hanbat National University; Daejeon 305-719 South Korea
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Synthesis of α, β-unsaturated carbonyl based compounds as acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors: Characterization, molecular modeling, QSAR studies and effect against amyloid β-induced cytotoxicity. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 83:355-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Xu ZC, Wang XB, Yu WY, Xie SS, Li SY, Kong LY. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of benzylisoquinoline derivatives as multifunctional agents against Alzheimer's disease. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:2368-73. [PMID: 24726809 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Revised: 03/01/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of benzylisoquinoline derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as multifunctional agents against Alzheimer's disease (AD). The screening results showed that most of the compounds significantly inhibited cholinesterases (ChEs), human cholinesterases (h-ChEs) and self-induced β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation. In particular, compound 9k showed the strongest acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity, being 1000-fold and 3-fold more potent than its precursor benzylisoquinoline (10) and the positive control galanthamine, respectively. In addition, 9k was a moderately potent inhibitor for h-ChEs. Compared with precursor benzylisoquinoline (36.0% at 20μМ), 9k (78.4% at 20μМ) could further inhibit Aβ aggregation. Moreover, 9k showed low cell toxicity in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Therefore, compound 9k might be a promising lead compound for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Chen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Ying Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Sai-Sai Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Su-Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Yi Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
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Pudlo M, Luzet V, Ismaïli L, Tomassoli I, Iutzeler A, Refouvelet B. Quinolone–benzylpiperidine derivatives as novel acetylcholinesterase inhibitor and antioxidant hybrids for Alzheimer Disease. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:2496-507. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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