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Pirotte B, Florence X, Goffin E, Leleux F, Lebrun P. Research Advancements on Fluorinated and Non-Fluorinated 4-Phenyl(thio)ureido-Substituted 2,2-Dimethylchromans Acting as Inhibitors of Insulin Release and Smooth Muscle Relaxants. Med Chem 2022; 18:884-894. [PMID: 35189799 DOI: 10.2174/1573406418666220221145500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The present study aimed at characterizing the impact of the presence or absence of fluorine atoms on the phenyl and benzopyran rings of 4-phenyl(thio)ureido-substituted 2,2-dimethylchromans on their ability to inhibit insulin release from pancreatic -cells or to relax vascular smooth muscle cells. METHODS Most compounds were found to inhibit insulin secretion and to provoke a marked myorelaxant activity. RESULTS The lack of a fluorine or a chlorine atom at the 6-position of the 2,2-dimethylchroman core structure reduced the inhibitory activity on the pancreatic endocrine tissue. One of the most active compounds on both tissues, compound 11h (BPDZ 678), was selected for further pharmacological investigations. CONCLUSION The biological data suggested that 11h mainly expressed the profile of a KATP channel opener on pancreatic -cells, although a calcium entry blockade effect was also observed. On vascular smooth muscle cells, 11h behaved as a calcium entry blocker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Pirotte
- Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), Université de Liège, Quartier Hôpital, Avenue Hippocrate 15, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Xavier Florence
- Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), Université de Liège, Quartier Hôpital, Avenue Hippocrate 15, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et Pharmacologie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Faculté de Médecine, 808 Route de Lennik, B-1070 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Eric Goffin
- Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), Université de Liège, Quartier Hôpital, Avenue Hippocrate 15, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Fabienne Leleux
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et Pharmacologie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Faculté de Médecine, 808 Route de Lennik, B-1070 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Philippe Lebrun
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et Pharmacologie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Faculté de Médecine, 808 Route de Lennik, B-1070 Bruxelles, Belgium
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Tran TS, Le MT, Tran TD, Tran TH, Thai KM. Design of Curcumin and Flavonoid Derivatives with Acetylcholinesterase and Beta-Secretase Inhibitory Activities Using in Silico Approaches. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25163644. [PMID: 32785161 PMCID: PMC7464027 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and beta-secretase (BACE-1) are the two crucial enzymes involved in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease. The former is responsible for many defects in cholinergic signaling pathway and the latter is the primary enzyme in the biosynthesis of beta-amyloid as the main component of the amyloid plaques. These both abnormalities are found in the brains of Alzheimer's patients. In this study, in silico models were developed, including 3D-pharmacophore, 2D-QSAR (two-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship), and molecular docking, to screen virtually a database of compounds for AChE and BACE-1 inhibitory activities. A combinatorial library containing more than 3 million structures of curcumin and flavonoid derivatives was generated and screened for drug-likeness and enzymatic inhibitory bioactivities against AChE and BACE-1 through the validated in silico models. A total of 47 substances (two curcumins and 45 flavonoids), with remarkable predicted pIC50 values against AChE and BACE-1 ranging from 4.24-5.11 (AChE) and 4.52-10.27 (BACE-1), were designed. The in vitro assays on AChE and BACE-1 were performed and confirmed the in silico results. The study indicated that, by using in silico methods, a series of curcumin and flavonoid structures were generated with promising predicted bioactivities. This would be a helpful foundation for the experimental investigations in the future. Designed compounds which were the most feasible for chemical synthesis could be potential candidates for further research and lead optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thai-Son Tran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam or (T.-S.T.); (T.-D.T.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City 530000, Vietnam;
| | - Minh-Tri Le
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam or (T.-S.T.); (T.-D.T.)
- School of Medicine, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
- Correspondence: or (M.-T.L.); or (K.-M.T.); Tel.: +84-903-718-190 (M-T.L.); +84-28-3855-2225 or +84-909-680-385 (K-M.T.); Fax: +84-28-3822-5435 (K-M.T.)
| | - Thanh-Dao Tran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam or (T.-S.T.); (T.-D.T.)
| | - The-Huan Tran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City 530000, Vietnam;
| | - Khac-Minh Thai
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam or (T.-S.T.); (T.-D.T.)
- Correspondence: or (M.-T.L.); or (K.-M.T.); Tel.: +84-903-718-190 (M-T.L.); +84-28-3855-2225 or +84-909-680-385 (K-M.T.); Fax: +84-28-3822-5435 (K-M.T.)
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Mei H, Han J, Klika KD, Izawa K, Sato T, Meanwell NA, Soloshonok VA. Applications of fluorine-containing amino acids for drug design. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 186:111826. [PMID: 31740056 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Fluorine-containing amino acids are becoming increasingly prominent in new drugs due to two general trends in the modern pharmaceutical industry. Firstly, the growing acceptance of peptides and modified peptides as drugs; and secondly, fluorine editing has become a prevalent protocol in drug-candidate optimization. Accordingly, fluorine-containing amino acids represent one of the more promising and rapidly developing areas of research in organic, bio-organic and medicinal chemistry. The goal of this Review article is to highlight the current state-of-the-art in this area by profiling 42 selected compounds that combine fluorine and amino acid structural elements. The compounds under discussion represent pharmaceutical drugs currently on the market, or in clinical trials as well as examples of drug-candidates that although withdrawn from development had a significant impact on the progress of medicinal chemistry and/or provided a deeper understanding of the nature and mechanism of biological action. For each compound, we present features of biological activity, a brief history of the design principles and the development of the synthetic approach, focusing on the source of tailor-made amino acid structures and fluorination methods. General aspects of the medicinal chemistry of fluorine-containing amino acids and synthetic methodology are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Mei
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Jianlin Han
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Karel D Klika
- Molecular Structure Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kunisuke Izawa
- Hamari Chemicals Ltd., 1-4-29 Kunijima, Higashi-Yodogawa-ku, Osaka, 533-0024, Japan.
| | - Tatsunori Sato
- Hamari Chemicals Ltd., 1-4-29 Kunijima, Higashi-Yodogawa-ku, Osaka, 533-0024, Japan
| | - Nicholas A Meanwell
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, PO Box 4000, Princeton, NJ, 08543-4000, United States.
| | - Vadim A Soloshonok
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel Lardizábal 3, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, María Díaz de Haro 3, Plaza Bizkaia, 48013, Bilbao, Spain.
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Dineen TA, Chen K, Cheng AC, Derakhchan K, Epstein O, Esmay J, Hickman D, Kreiman CE, Marx IE, Wahl RC, Wen PH, Weiss MM, Whittington DA, Wood S, Fremeau RT, White RD, Patel VF. Inhibitors of β-Site Amyloid Precursor Protein Cleaving Enzyme (BACE1): Identification of (S)-7-(2-Fluoropyridin-3-yl)-3-((3-methyloxetan-3-yl)ethynyl)-5′H-spiro[chromeno[2,3-b]pyridine-5,4′-oxazol]-2′-amine (AMG-8718). J Med Chem 2014; 57:9811-31. [DOI: 10.1021/jm5012676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A. Dineen
- Departments of Therapeutic
Discovery, ‡Neuroscience, §Molecular Structure and Characterization, ∥Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ⊥Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen, Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, and One
Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Kui Chen
- Departments of Therapeutic
Discovery, ‡Neuroscience, §Molecular Structure and Characterization, ∥Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ⊥Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen, Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, and One
Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Alan C. Cheng
- Departments of Therapeutic
Discovery, ‡Neuroscience, §Molecular Structure and Characterization, ∥Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ⊥Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen, Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, and One
Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Katayoun Derakhchan
- Departments of Therapeutic
Discovery, ‡Neuroscience, §Molecular Structure and Characterization, ∥Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ⊥Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen, Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, and One
Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Oleg Epstein
- Departments of Therapeutic
Discovery, ‡Neuroscience, §Molecular Structure and Characterization, ∥Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ⊥Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen, Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, and One
Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Joel Esmay
- Departments of Therapeutic
Discovery, ‡Neuroscience, §Molecular Structure and Characterization, ∥Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ⊥Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen, Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, and One
Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Dean Hickman
- Departments of Therapeutic
Discovery, ‡Neuroscience, §Molecular Structure and Characterization, ∥Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ⊥Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen, Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, and One
Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Chuck E. Kreiman
- Departments of Therapeutic
Discovery, ‡Neuroscience, §Molecular Structure and Characterization, ∥Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ⊥Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen, Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, and One
Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Isaac E. Marx
- Departments of Therapeutic
Discovery, ‡Neuroscience, §Molecular Structure and Characterization, ∥Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ⊥Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen, Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, and One
Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Robert C. Wahl
- Departments of Therapeutic
Discovery, ‡Neuroscience, §Molecular Structure and Characterization, ∥Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ⊥Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen, Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, and One
Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Paul H. Wen
- Departments of Therapeutic
Discovery, ‡Neuroscience, §Molecular Structure and Characterization, ∥Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ⊥Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen, Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, and One
Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Matthew M. Weiss
- Departments of Therapeutic
Discovery, ‡Neuroscience, §Molecular Structure and Characterization, ∥Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ⊥Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen, Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, and One
Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Douglas A. Whittington
- Departments of Therapeutic
Discovery, ‡Neuroscience, §Molecular Structure and Characterization, ∥Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ⊥Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen, Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, and One
Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Stephen Wood
- Departments of Therapeutic
Discovery, ‡Neuroscience, §Molecular Structure and Characterization, ∥Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ⊥Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen, Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, and One
Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Robert T. Fremeau
- Departments of Therapeutic
Discovery, ‡Neuroscience, §Molecular Structure and Characterization, ∥Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ⊥Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen, Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, and One
Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Ryan D. White
- Departments of Therapeutic
Discovery, ‡Neuroscience, §Molecular Structure and Characterization, ∥Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ⊥Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen, Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, and One
Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Vinod F. Patel
- Departments of Therapeutic
Discovery, ‡Neuroscience, §Molecular Structure and Characterization, ∥Pharmacokinetics
and Drug Metabolism, and ⊥Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen, Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, and One
Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
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Epstein O, Bryan MC, Cheng AC, Derakhchan K, Dineen TA, Hickman D, Hua Z, Human JB, Kreiman C, Marx IE, Weiss MM, Wahl RC, Wen PH, Whittington DA, Wood S, Zheng XM, Fremeau RT, White RD, Patel VF. Lead optimization and modulation of hERG activity in a series of aminooxazoline xanthene β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme (BACE1) inhibitors. J Med Chem 2014; 57:9796-810. [PMID: 25389560 DOI: 10.1021/jm501266w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The optimization of a series of aminooxazoline xanthene inhibitors of β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) is described. An early lead compound showed robust Aβ lowering activity in a rat pharmacodynamic model, but advancement was precluded by a low therapeutic window to QTc prolongation in cardiovascular models consistent with in vitro activity on the hERG ion channel. While the introduction of polar groups was effective in reducing hERG binding affinity, this came at the expense of higher than desired Pgp-mediated efflux. A balance of low Pgp efflux and hERG activity was achieved by lowering the polar surface area of the P3 substituent while retaining polarity in the P2' side chain. The introduction of a fluorine in position 4 of the xanthene ring improved BACE1 potency (5-10-fold). The combination of these optimized fragments resulted in identification of compound 40, which showed robust Aβ reduction in a rat pharmacodynamic model (78% Aβ reduction in CSF at 10 mg/kg po) and also showed acceptable cardiovascular safety in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Epstein
- Departments of Therapeutic Discovery, ‡Neuroscience, §Molecular Structure and Characterization, ∥Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, and ⊥Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen Inc. , 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, and 1120 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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