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Ahmadi A, Mohammadnejadi E, Razzaghi-Asl N. Gefitinib derivatives and drug-resistance: A perspective from molecular dynamics simulations. Comput Biol Med 2023; 163:107204. [PMID: 37421739 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal-growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase (TK) with a significant role in cell survival. EGFR is upregulated in various cancer cells and known as a druggable target. Gefitinib is a first-line TK inhibitor used against metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Despite initial clinical response, a conserved therapeutic effect could not be achieved due to the occurrence of resistance mechanisms. Point mutations in EGFR genes are one of the major causes of rendered tumor sensitivity. To aid in the development of more efficient TKIs, chemical structures of prevailing drugs and their target binding patterns are very important. The aim of the present study was to propose synthetically-accessible gefitinib congeners with enhanced binding fitness to clinically frequent EGFR mutants. Docking simulations of intended molecules identified 1-(4-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenylamino)-7-methoxyquinazolin-6-yl)-3-(oxazolidin-2-ylmethyl) thiourea (23) as a top-binder structure inside G719S, T790 M, L858R and T790 M/L858R-EGFR active sites. Superior docked complexes were subjected to the entire 400 ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Analysis of data revealed the stability of mutant enzymes upon binding to molecule 23. All mutant complexes with the exception of a T790 M/L858R-EGFR, were majorly stabilized through cooperative hydrophobic contacts. Pairwise analysis of H-bonds proved Met793 as the conserved residue with stable H-bond participations as hydrogen bond donor (Frequency 63-96%). Amino acid decomposition analysis confirmed the probable role of Met793 in complex stabilization. Estimated binding free energies indicated the proper accommodation of molecule 23 inside target active sites. Pairwise energy decompositions of stable binding modes revealed the energetic contribution of key residues. Although wet lab experiments are required to unravel the mechanistic details of mEGFR inhibition, MD results provide structural basis for those events that are difficult to address experimentally. The outputs of the current study may assist to design small molecules with high potency to mEGFRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ahmadi
- Students Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - E Mohammadnejadi
- Students Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - N Razzaghi-Asl
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
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2
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Zayed MF. Medicinal Chemistry of Quinazolines as Anticancer Agents Targeting Tyrosine Kinases. Sci Pharm 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/scipharm91020018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a large group of diseases that can affect any organ or body tissue due to the abnormal cellular growth with the unknown reasons. Many of the existing chemotherapeutic agents are highly toxic with a low level of selectivity. Additionally, they lead to development of therapeutic resistance. Hence, the development of targeted chemotherapeutic agents with low side effects and high selectivity is required for cancer treatment. Quinazoline is a vital scaffold well-known to be linked with several biological activities. The anticancer activity is one of the prominent biological activities of this scaffold. Several established anticancer quinazolines work by different mechanisms on the various molecular targets. The aim of this review is to present different features of medicinal chemistry as drug design, structure activity relationship, and mode of action of some targeted anticancer quinazoline derivatives. It gives comprehensive attention on the chemotherapeutic activity of quinazolines in the viewpoint of drug discovery and its development. This review provides panoramic view to the medicinal chemists for supporting their efforts to design and synthesize novel quinazolines as targeted chemotherapeutic agents.
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3
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New substituted quinazoline analogs: synthesis, anticancer evaluation and docking study. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.134915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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4
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Zhang ZH, Zeng BF, Song ZX, Yang YY, Zhang KY, Du X, Zhang LL, Cai D. Synthesis and biological evaluation of new thiazolyl-urea derivatives as potential dual C-RAF/FLT3 inhibitors. Med Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-022-02971-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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5
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Francisco KR, Ballatore C. Thietanes and derivatives thereof in medicinal chemistry. Curr Top Med Chem 2022; 22:1219-1234. [PMID: 35546768 DOI: 10.2174/1568026622666220511154228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Unlike the oxetane ring, which, as evidenced by numerous studies, is known to play an increasingly important role in medicinal chemistry, the thietane ring has thus far received comparatively limited attention. Nonetheless, a growing number of reports now indicate that this 4-membered ring heterocycle may provide opportunities in analog design. In the present review article, we discuss the possible use and utility of the thietane fragment in medicinal chemistry and provide an overview of its properties and recent applications with a focus on isosteric replacements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol R Francisco
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Carlo Ballatore
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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Lu X, Su H, Zhang J, Wang N, Wang H, Liu J, Zhao W. Resorufin-based fluorescent probe with elevated water solubility for visualizing fluctuant peroxynitrite in progression of inflammation. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 267:120620. [PMID: 34802934 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a significant protective response in biological systems and associated with various diseases. Peroxynitrite (ONOO-) as a highly active oxidant participates in the inflammatory process of organisms. Thus, it is necessary to construct novel fluorescent probes for exploring inflammation-related diseases through detecting endogenous ONOO-. Resorufin-based fluorescent probes for testing ONOO- were rare and suffered from poor water solubility. In this work, we elaborately designed three resorufin-based incorporating isatin derivatives probes RF-ITs and successfully obtained two highly selective probes RF-IT-OC and RF-IT-EG for ONOO-. Comparing the other two probes, RF-IT-EG containing triethylene glycol monomethyl ether on isatin moiety displayed better water solubility (3.2 mg/L), faster response rate (60 s), larger signal-to-noise ratio (103-fold) and lower detection limit (87 nM) for monitoring ONOO-. The cells imaging results manifested that probe RF-IT-EG could be applied to trace endogenous ONOO- with inappreciable cytotoxicity. Moreover, the RF-IT-EG was capable of tracking the fluctuation of endogenous ONOO- in LPS-stimulated inflamed mouse leg models. This work will provide a faithful and promising probe for illustrating the roles of ONOO- in various inflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Lu
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Huihui Su
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China.
| | - Nannan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Han Wang
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Jinying Liu
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Weili Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China; School of Pharmacy, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China.
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7
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Das R, Mehta DK, Dhanawat M. Bestowal of Quinazoline Scaffold in Anticancer Drug Discovery. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 21:1350-1368. [PMID: 32593282 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200627205321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is one of the major causes of human mortality worldwide. A number of existing antineoplastic medications and treatment regimens are already working in the field, and several new compounds are in different phases of clinical trials. An extensive series of anticancer drugs exist in the market, and studies suggest that these molecules are associated with different types of adverse side effects. The reduction of the cytotoxicity of drugs to normal cells is a major problem in anticancer therapy. Therefore, researchers around the globe are involved in the development of more efficient and safer anticancer drugs. The output of extensive research is that the quinazoline scaffold and its various derivatives can be explored further as a novel class of cancer chemotherapeutic agents that has already shown promising activities against different tumours. Quinazoline derivatives have already occupied a crucial place in modern medicinal chemistry. Various research has been performed on quinazoline and their derivatives for anticancer activity and pharmacological importance of this scaffold has been well established. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review is to compile and highlight the developments concerning the anticancer activity of quinazoline derivatives as well as to suggest some new aspects of the expansion of anticancer activity of novel quinazoline derivatives as anticancer agents in the near future. METHODS Recent literature related to quinazoline derivatives endowed with encouraging anticancer potential is reviewed. With a special focus on quinazoline moiety, this review offers a detailed account of multiple mechanisms of action of various quinazoline derivatives: inhibition of the DNA repair enzyme system, inhibition of EGFR, thymidylate enzyme inhibition and inhibitory effects for tubulin polymerization by which these derivatives have shown promising anticancer potential. RESULTS Exhaustive literature survey indicated that quinazoline derivatives are associated with properties of inhibiting EGFR and thymidylate enzymes. It was also found to be involved in disturbing tubulin assembly. Furthermore, quinazoline derivatives have been found to inhibit critical targets such as DNA repair enzymes. These derivatives have shown significant activity against cancer. CONCLUSION In cancer therapy, Quinazoline derivatives seems to be quite promising and act through various mechanisms that are well established. This review has shown that quinazoline derivatives can further be explored for the betterment of chemotherapy. A lot of potentials are still hidden, which demands to be discovered for upgrading quinazoline derivatives efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Das
- MM College of Pharmacy, MM (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, HR, 133207, India
| | - Dinesh K Mehta
- MM College of Pharmacy, MM (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, HR, 133207, India
| | - Meenakshi Dhanawat
- MM College of Pharmacy, MM (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, HR, 133207, India
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Moghadam FA, Dabirian S, Dogaheh MG, Mojabi M, Yousefbeyk F, Ghasemi S. Novel 4-Anilinoquinazoline Derivatives as Potent Anticancer Agents: Design, Synthesis, Cytotoxic Activity, and Docking Study. Aust J Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1071/ch21147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The simultaneous inhibition of EGFR and VEGFR-2 is a promising method in cancer treatment. In the present work, several 4-anilinoquinazoline derivatives encompassing different substitutions at the C-4 and C-7 positions of a quinazoline core were designed, synthesised, and evaluated for their cytotoxicity on A431, HUVEC, and HU02 cell lines. Docking studies were carried out to test the interactions of all synthesised compounds with EGFR and VEGFR-2. Furthermore, a wound healing assay was done for the investigation of cell migration. The most potent compound was 8l followed by the compounds 8i and 8j which showed better cytotoxic activities on A431 and HUVEC cell lines than the standard (Vandetanib). The compounds 8f and 8a represented the best docking energies of 8.99 and 9.35 kcal mol−1 for EGFR and VEGFR, respectively. Moreover, molecular docking studies exhibited that compound 8l showed efficient binding affinity against both EGFR and VEGFR-2. It can bind to these receptors through the formation of essential hydrogen bonds between the quinazoline N1 atom and the Met796 backbone of EGFR and two hydrogen bonds with Cys919 and Thr916 of VEGFR-2 with energies of –7.99 and –7.85 kcal mol−1, respectively. In addition, this compound displayed the highest activity on cell migration and wound healing. Compound 8l with the highest cytotoxic activity can be considered a candidate for further investigation and structural optimisation as an antiproliferative agent.
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9
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Bansal R, Malhotra A. Therapeutic progression of quinazolines as targeted chemotherapeutic agents. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 211:113016. [PMID: 33243532 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.113016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Presently cancer is a grave health issue with predominance beyond restrictions. It can affect any organ of the body. Most of the available chemotherapeutic drugs are highly toxic, not much selective and eventually lead to the development of resistance. Therefore, a target specific palliative approach for the treatment of cancer is required. Remarkable advancements in science have illuminated various molecular pathways responsible for cancer. This has resulted in abundant opportunities to develop targeted anticancer agents. Quinazoline nucleus is a privileged scaffold with significant diversified pharmacological activities. Numerous established anticancer quinazoline derivatives constitute a new class of chemotherapeutic agents which are found to act by inhibiting various protein kinases as well as other molecular targets. A recent update on various quinazoline derivatives acting on different types of molecular targets for the treatment of cancer has been compiled in this review. Brief SAR studies of quinazoline derivatives acting through different mechanisms of action have been highlighted. The comprehensive medicinal chemistry aspects of these agents in this review provide a panoramic view to the biologists as well as medicinal chemists working in this area and would assist them in their efforts to design and synthesize novel quinazoline based anticancer compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranju Bansal
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sector-14, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
| | - Anjleena Malhotra
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sector-14, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
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Azmian Moghadam F, Evazalipour M, Kefayati H, Ghasemi S. 6,7-Disubstituted-4-anilinoquinazoline: Design, Synthesis and Anticancer Activity as a Novel Series of Potent Anticancer Agents. PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.34172/ps.2020.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) are responsible for several pathological conditions such as the development of different kinds of tumors. The combined inhibition of both signal transduction pathways seems to be a promising novel approach for cancer treatment. Methods: In this study, novel 4-anilinoquinazoline derivatives with various substituents on-7 position of quinazoline moiety were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against A431 and HU02 cell lines. Results: Compounds 8a, 8d, and 8f displayed the most potent anticancer activities against A431(IC50 = 1.78 μM, 8.25 μM, and 7.18 μM, respectively) in comparison with reference standards(erlotinib IC50=8.31 μM and vandetanib IC50=10.62 μM). Molecular docking studies proved that8a as the most potent compound could be efficiently accommodated in the ATP binding site ofEGFR and VEGFR-2 through the formation of essential hydrogen bonds between quinazolineN1 atom and the Met796 backbone of EGFR as well as the Cys919 backbone of VEGFR-2 with a distance of 1.94 Å and 1.398 Å, respectively. Conclusion: Compound 8a as the most potent compound with morpholine and 3-bromoaniline at the 7 and 4 positions of quinazoline scaffold, respectively, deserves more study and structural optimization as an anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Azmian Moghadam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Rasht Branch, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mehdi Evazalipour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Hassan Kefayati
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Rasht Branch, Rasht, Iran
| | - Saeed Ghasemi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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11
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Degorce SL, Bodnarchuk MS, Scott JS. Lowering Lipophilicity by Adding Carbon: AzaSpiroHeptanes, a log D Lowering Twist. ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:1198-1204. [PMID: 31417667 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We have conducted an analysis of azaspiro[3.3]heptanes used as replacements for morpholines, piperidines, and piperazines in a medicinal chemistry context. In most cases, introducing a spirocyclic center lowered the measured logD 7.4 of the corresponding molecules by as much as -1.0 relative to the more usual heterocycle. This may seem counterintuitive, as the net change in the molecule is the addition of a single carbon atom, but it may be rationalized in terms of increased basicity. An exception to this was found with N-linked 2-azaspiro[3.3]heptane, where logD 7.4 increased by as much as +0.5, consistent with the addition of carbon. During our investigation, we also concluded that azaspiro[3.3]heptanes are most likely not suitable bioisosteres for morpholines, piperidines, and piperazines, when not used as terminal groups, due to significant changes in their geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien L. Degorce
- Medicinal Chemistry, Oncology, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge Science Park, Unit 310 Darwin Building, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
| | - Michael S. Bodnarchuk
- Medicinal Chemistry, Oncology, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge Science Park, Unit 310 Darwin Building, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
| | - James S. Scott
- Medicinal Chemistry, Oncology, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge Science Park, Unit 310 Darwin Building, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
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12
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OuYang Y, Wang C, Zhao B, Xiong H, Xiao Z, Zhang B, Zheng P, Hu J, Gao Y, Zhang M, Zhu W, Xu S. Design, synthesis, antiproliferative activity and docking studies of quinazoline derivatives bearing oxazole or imidazole as potential EGFR inhibitors. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj03594f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Six series of quinazoline derivatives bearing oxazole or imidazole (8a–f, 9a–f, 10a–d, 11a–f, 12a–d and 13a–i) were designed, synthesized and their IC50 values evaluated against three cancer cell lines (A549, MCF-7 and PC-3).
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13
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Kang SK, Lee SW, Woo D, Sim J, Suh YG. Practical and efficient synthesis of gefitinib through selective O-alkylation: A novel concept for a transient protection group. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2017.1359627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sung Kwon Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry, Chong Kun Dang Research Institute, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Seung Wook Lee
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry, Chong Kun Dang Research Institute, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Daekoo Woo
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry, Chong Kun Dang Research Institute, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Jaehoon Sim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Ger Suh
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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14
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Chang J, Ren H, Zhao M, Chong Y, Zhao W, He Y, Zhao Y, Zhang H, Qi C. Development of a series of novel 4-anlinoquinazoline derivatives possessing quinazoline skeleton: Design, synthesis, EGFR kinase inhibitory efficacy, and evaluation of anticancer activities in vitro. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 138:669-688. [PMID: 28711702 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
4-anilinoquinazoline-based derivatives represent an attractive scaffold for small molecular EGFR-TKIs in the field of medicinal chemistry. A series of novel heterocyclic substituted derivatives have been designed, synthesized and evaluated their antitumor bioactivities as potential EGFR-TKIs. Most of the new compounds exhibited certain efficient inhibition potency for proliferation of a panel of five human cancer cells with IC50 values at the low micromolar level, and some of them possessed good broad-spectrum inhibition activities, compared to Gefitinib. Especially, the IC50 values of compound 21 against HepG2, A549, MCF-7, DU145 and SH-SY5Y cells were 4.61, 9.50, 9.80, 6.79 and 7.77 μM, respectively, which were much lower than those of Gefitinb. Furthermore, the highlighting compound 21 demonstrated excellent inhibition activity against EGFR-TK with the IC50 value of 3.62 nM, similar to that of Gefitinib(2.21 nM). The results of LDH release assay proved that compound 21 was anti-proliferative rather than cytotoxicity on HepG2 cells. Compound 21 were able to cause HepG2 cells to block in S phase and induce cell death mainly by apoptosis through a mitochondrial dependent pathway. Moreover, the assessment of MMP, the determination of intracellular free Ca2+ concentration, the production of ROS, and the effects on the activity of caspase-3 in a dose-dependent manner demonstrated that compound 21 induced cell apoptosis in HepG2 cells through the Ca2+/ROS-mediated mitochondria/caspase-dependent apoptosis pathway largely. These preliminary results evidenced that compound 21 could be a potential antitumor agent deserving further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Chang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Hongyu Ren
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Mingxia Zhao
- Shanxi Institute of Technology, Yangquan, Shanxi, 045000, PR China
| | - Yan Chong
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Wenwen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Yong He
- Experimental Chemistry Center, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Yunling Zhao
- Experimental Chemistry Center, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Huabei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Chuanmin Qi
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China.
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15
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ErbB Family Signalling: A Paradigm for Oncogene Addiction and Personalized Oncology. Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9040033. [PMID: 28417948 PMCID: PMC5406708 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9040033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
ErbB family members represent important biomarkers and drug targets for modern precision therapy. They have gained considerable importance as paradigms for oncoprotein addiction and personalized medicine. This review summarizes the current understanding of ErbB proteins in cell signalling and cancer and describes the molecular rationale of prominent cases of ErbB oncoprotein addiction in different cancer types. In addition, we have highlighted experimental technologies for the development of innovative cancer cell models that accurately predicted clinical ErbB drug efficacies. In the future, such cancer models might facilitate the identification and validation of physiologically relevant novel forms of oncoprotein and non-oncoprotein addiction or synthetic lethality. The identification of genotype-drug response relationships will further advance personalized oncology and improve drug efficacy in the clinic. Finally, we review the most important drugs targeting ErbB family members that are under investigation in clinical trials or that made their way already into clinical routine. Taken together, the functional characterization of ErbB oncoproteins have significantly increased our knowledge on predictive biomarkers, oncoprotein addiction and patient stratification and treatment.
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16
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Ismail RS, Ismail NS, Abuserii S, Abou El Ella DA. Recent advances in 4-aminoquinazoline based scaffold derivatives targeting EGFR kinases as anticancer agents. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fjps.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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17
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Bao X, Peng Y, Lu X, Yang J, Zhao W, Tan W, Dong X. Synthesis and evaluation of novel benzylphthalazine derivatives as hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:3048-3051. [PMID: 27180012 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We report herein the design and synthesis of a series of novel benzylphthalazine derivatives as hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitors. Gli-luciferase assay demonstrated that changing piperazine ring of Anta XV to different four, five or six-membered heterocyclic building blocks afforded significant influences on Hh pathway inhibition. In particular, compound 10e with piperidin-4-amine moiety was found to possess 12-fold higher Hh inhibitory activities comparing to the lead compound in vitro. In vivo efficacy of 10e in a ptch(+/-)p53(-/-) mouse medulloblastoma allograft model also indicated encouraging results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Bao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Yuanqiu Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Xiuhong Lu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Weili Zhao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
| | - Wenfu Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
| | - Xiaochun Dong
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
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Lyu A, Fang L, Gou S. Design and synthesis of Lapatinib derivatives containing a branched side chain as HER1/HER2 targeting antitumor drug candidates. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 87:631-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Physiochemical drug properties, such as aqueous solubility are considered to be a major factor in determining the ultimate success or failure of experimental agents. Solubility is important because it determines the maximum dose which can be taken up. As the size and hydrophobicity of drug candidates has increased over the years, poor solubility has become a more prevalent issue. Recent examples from the literature show that an improved understanding of the relationship between molecular structure and solubility allows this issue to be approached using rational design. AREAS COVERED This review provides selected examples from the recent drug discovery literature that demonstrate various tactics, which have been applied successfully towards improving drug solubility. The examples that were selected demonstrate the underlying principles behind aqueous solubility, such as hydrophobicity and crystalline stability. EXPERT OPINION From a strategic point of view, improving the solubility of a compound should be straightforward because it can be accomplished by simply reducing hydrophobicity or crystalline stability. However, the structural elements and physical properties which control solubility also influence potency, pharmacokinetics and toxicity. Furthermore, there are practical aspects such as the quantity and quality of solubility-related data, which hamper the development of structure-solubility relationships. Given that poor aqueous solubility remains a primary issue in drug discovery, there is a continuous need for novel methods to overcome it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Walker
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Department of Medicinal Chemistry , 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492 , USA +1 203 677 6686 ;
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Ezaki K, Kobayashi K. A Novel Synthesis of Quinazolines by Cyclization of 1-(2-Isocyanophenyl)alkylideneamines Generated by the Treatment of 2-(1-Azidoalkyl)phenyl Isocyanides with NaH. Helv Chim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201300431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Khan I, Ibrar A, Abbas N, Saeed A. Recent advances in the structural library of functionalized quinazoline and quinazolinone scaffolds: Synthetic approaches and multifarious applications. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 76:193-244. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Martínez RF, Fleet GW. Carbohydrate derived bicyclic azetidin-3-ones as scaffolds for highly functionalized azetidines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2014.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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