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Tian Y, Ma S, Liu Y, Li Y, Chen G, Che Z. Synthesis of Novel 4-Acyloxy-2'-Bromo-6'-Chloropodophyllotoxin Derivatives Displaying Significant Insecticidal Activity Against Mythimna Separata. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400929. [PMID: 38661022 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
In order to explore novel natural product-based insecticidal agent, two important intermediates (2 and 3) and 4-acyloxy-2'-bromo-6'-chloropodophyllotoxin derivatives (4 a-f and 5 a-f) were designed and prepared, and their structures were confirmed by 1H-NMR, 13C NMR, HRMS, ESI-MS, optical rotation and melting point (mp). The stereochemical configuration of compound 4 b was unambiguously confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Moreover, we evaluated the insecticidal activity of target compounds 4 a-f and 5 a-f against a serious agricultural pest of Mythimna separata by using the leaf-dipping method. Among all tested compounds, compounds 4 d, 5 d and 5 f exhibited stronger insecticidal activity with a final mortality rate exceeding 60 %. Especially compound 5 d exhibited the best insecticidal activity, with a final mortality rate of 74.1 %. It has been proven that introducing bromine or chlorine atoms at the C-2', C-2' and C-6' positions of the E ring of podophyllotoxin can produce more potent compounds. In addition, the configuration of the C-4 position is important for insecticidal activity, and 4β-configuration is optimal. This will pave the way for further design, structural modification, and development of derivatives of podophyllotoxin as insecticidal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuee Tian
- Laboratory of Pesticidal Design & Synthesis, Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticultrue and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Shiyue Ma
- Laboratory of Pesticidal Design & Synthesis, Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticultrue and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Yibo Liu
- Laboratory of Pesticidal Design & Synthesis, Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticultrue and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Yan Li
- Laboratory of Pesticidal Design & Synthesis, Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticultrue and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Genqiang Chen
- Laboratory of Pesticidal Design & Synthesis, Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticultrue and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Zhiping Che
- Laboratory of Pesticidal Design & Synthesis, Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticultrue and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
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Miranda-Vera C, Hernández ÁP, García-García P, Díez D, García PA, Castro MÁ. Podophyllotoxin: Recent Advances in the Development of Hybridization Strategies to Enhance Its Antitumoral Profile. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2728. [PMID: 38140069 PMCID: PMC10747284 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15122728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Podophyllotoxin is a naturally occurring cyclolignan isolated from rhizomes of Podophyllum sp. In the clinic, it is used mainly as an antiviral; however, its antitumor activity is even more interesting. While podophyllotoxin possesses severe side effects that limit its development as an anticancer agent, nevertheless, it has become a good lead compound for the synthesis of derivatives with fewer side effects and better selectivity. Several examples, such as etoposide, highlight the potential of this natural product for chemomodulation in the search for new antitumor agents. This review focuses on the recent chemical modifications (2017-mid-2023) of the podophyllotoxin skeleton performed mainly at the C-ring (but also at the lactone D-ring and at the trimethoxyphenyl E-ring) together with their biological properties. Special emphasis is placed on hybrids or conjugates with other natural products (either primary or secondary metabolites) and other molecules (heterocycles, benzoheterocycles, synthetic drugs, and other moieties) that contribute to improved podophyllotoxin bioactivity. In fact, hybridization has been a good strategy to design podophyllotoxin derivatives with enhanced bioactivity. The way in which the two components are joined (directly or through spacers) was also considered for the organization of this review. This comprehensive perspective is presented with the aim of guiding the medicinal chemistry community in the design of new podophyllotoxin-based drugs with improved anticancer properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Miranda-Vera
- Laboratorio de Química Farmacéutica, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, CIETUS, IBSAL, Facultad de Farmacia, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.M.-V.); (Á.P.H.); (P.G.-G.); (P.A.G.)
| | - Ángela Patricia Hernández
- Laboratorio de Química Farmacéutica, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, CIETUS, IBSAL, Facultad de Farmacia, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.M.-V.); (Á.P.H.); (P.G.-G.); (P.A.G.)
| | - Pilar García-García
- Laboratorio de Química Farmacéutica, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, CIETUS, IBSAL, Facultad de Farmacia, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.M.-V.); (Á.P.H.); (P.G.-G.); (P.A.G.)
| | - David Díez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Pablo Anselmo García
- Laboratorio de Química Farmacéutica, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, CIETUS, IBSAL, Facultad de Farmacia, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.M.-V.); (Á.P.H.); (P.G.-G.); (P.A.G.)
| | - María Ángeles Castro
- Laboratorio de Química Farmacéutica, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, CIETUS, IBSAL, Facultad de Farmacia, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.M.-V.); (Á.P.H.); (P.G.-G.); (P.A.G.)
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Huang X, Lv M, Ma Q, Zhang Y, Xu H. High Value-Added Application of Natural Products in Crop Protection: Semisynthesis and Acaricidal Activity of Limonoid-Type Derivatives and Investigation of Their Biocompatible O/W Nanoemulsions as Agronanopesticide Candidates. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:14488-14500. [PMID: 34842424 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The increasingly serious resistance of Tetranychus cinnabarinus Boisduval to a wide range of insecticides/acaricides poses a major challenge to their control. The citrus processing industry generates a huge quantity of various wastes that contain many limonoids. To effectively utilize these byproducts and discover more potent green acaricidal molecules as sustainable alternatives for traditional resistant pesticides, various limonoid-type derivatives (halogenated/seven-membered lactam derivatives of obacunone and halogenated/oxime esters/oxime ethers/seven-membered lactam derivatives of limonin) were synthesized based on a diversity-oriented synthetic strategy. The key steric configurations of 10 derivatives were further confirmed by X-ray crystallography. Compound 9m, which displayed greater than 9.7-fold potent acaricidal activity of limonin, was of preeminence. In addition, some interesting structure-activity relationships were observed. Moreover, a biocompatible O/W nanoemulsion delivery system was used to prepare the limonin-based agronanoacaricide, which exhibited pronounced control efficiency against T. cinnabarinus Boisduval in the greenhouse. This systematic investigation will provide valuable information and guidance for future value-added applications of novel eco-friendly natural product-based nanopesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Huang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Min Lv
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qianjun Ma
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
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4
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Zhang Y, Lv M, Xu H. Insecticidal activity of twin compounds from podophyllotoxin and cytisine. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 43:128104. [PMID: 33984477 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
To explore natural-product-based insecticide candidates, and high value-added application of natural plants in agriculture, a series of twin compounds were prepared from two natural products podophyllotoxin and cytisine, which are isolated from the plants Podophyllum hexandrum and Thermopsis lanceolata, respectively. Compounds IIa (X = Cl, Y = R1 = R2 = H), IIIc (X = Y = R1 = R2 = Cl) and IVd (X = R1 = R2 = Br, Y = H) exhibited >2-fold potent insecticidal activity of podophyllotoxin against armyworm with FMRs greater than 60%. SARs were also observed. It is noteworthy that the idea of twin insecticides was addressed for the first time. We hope this idea will be conducive to design new twin insecticidal agents, and lay the foundation for future high value-added application of the plants P. hexandrum and T. lanceolata as potentially botanical pesticides in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhang
- College of Plant Protection/Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Min Lv
- College of Plant Protection/Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, PR China.
| | - Hui Xu
- College of Plant Protection/Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, PR China.
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Che ZP, Yang JM, Sun D, Tian YE, Liu SM, Lin XM, Jiang J, Chen GQ. Combinatorial Synthesis of A Series of Paeonol-based Phenylsulfonyl hydrazone Derivatives as Insecticidal Agents. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2020; 23:232-238. [DOI: 10.2174/1386207323666200127121129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Plant secondary metabolites play an essential role in the discovery of
novel insecticide due to their unique sources and potential target sites. Paeonol, the main phenolic
components in Moutan Cortex, is recognized as a safe and potent botanical insecticide to many
insects. The structural modification of paeonol in this study into phenylsulfonylhydrazone
derivatives is proved an effective approach for the development of novel insecticides, those
derivatives being more toxic than paeonol. However, there have been no reports on the insecticidal
activity of paeonol-based phenylsulfonylhydrazone derivatives in controlling Mythimna separata.
Methods:
We have been working to discover biorational natural products-based insecticides.
Twelve novel paeonol-based phenylsulfonylhydrazone derivatives have been successfully prepared
by structural modification of paeonol, and the insecticidal activity against M. separata by the leafdipping
method at the concentration of 1 mg/mL has been evaluated.
Results:
Insecticidal activity revealed that out of 12 title compounds, derivatives 5c and 5f
displayed the best against M. separate with the FMR both of 53.6% than toosendanin (FMR =
50.0%).
Conclusion:
The results suggested that for the paeonol-based phenylsulfonylhydrazone series
derivatives, the proper substituent of arylsulfonyl R at the hydroxyl position of paeonol was very
important for their insecticidal activity. These preliminary results will pave the way for further
modification of paeonol in the development of potential new insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Ping Che
- Laboratory of Pesticidal Design & Synthesis, Department of Plant Protection, College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan Province, China
| | - Jin-Ming Yang
- Laboratory of Pesticidal Design & Synthesis, Department of Plant Protection, College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan Province, China
| | - Di Sun
- Laboratory of Pesticidal Design & Synthesis, Department of Plant Protection, College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan Province, China
| | - Yue-E Tian
- Laboratory of Pesticidal Design & Synthesis, Department of Plant Protection, College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan Province, China
| | - Sheng-Ming Liu
- Laboratory of Pesticidal Design & Synthesis, Department of Plant Protection, College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiao-Min Lin
- Laboratory of Pesticidal Design & Synthesis, Department of Plant Protection, College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan Province, China
| | - Jia Jiang
- Laboratory of Pesticidal Design & Synthesis, Department of Plant Protection, College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan Province, China
| | - Gen-Qiang Chen
- Laboratory of Pesticidal Design & Synthesis, Department of Plant Protection, College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan Province, China
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Che Z, Yang J, Sun D, Tian Y, Liu S, Lin X, Jiang J, Chen G. Synthesis of Novel (9
S
)‐Acyloxy Derivatives of Quinidine and Dihydroquinidine as Insecticidal Agents. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e1900696. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Che
- Laboratory of Pesticidal Design and SynthesisDepartment of Plant Protection, College of ForestryHenan University of Science and Technology Luoyang 471023 P. R. China
| | - Jinming Yang
- Laboratory of Pesticidal Design and SynthesisDepartment of Plant Protection, College of ForestryHenan University of Science and Technology Luoyang 471023 P. R. China
| | - Di Sun
- Laboratory of Pesticidal Design and SynthesisDepartment of Plant Protection, College of ForestryHenan University of Science and Technology Luoyang 471023 P. R. China
| | - Yuee Tian
- Laboratory of Pesticidal Design and SynthesisDepartment of Plant Protection, College of ForestryHenan University of Science and Technology Luoyang 471023 P. R. China
| | - Shengming Liu
- Laboratory of Pesticidal Design and SynthesisDepartment of Plant Protection, College of ForestryHenan University of Science and Technology Luoyang 471023 P. R. China
| | - Xiaomin Lin
- Laboratory of Pesticidal Design and SynthesisDepartment of Plant Protection, College of ForestryHenan University of Science and Technology Luoyang 471023 P. R. China
| | - Jia Jiang
- Laboratory of Pesticidal Design and SynthesisDepartment of Plant Protection, College of ForestryHenan University of Science and Technology Luoyang 471023 P. R. China
| | - Genqiang Chen
- Laboratory of Pesticidal Design and SynthesisDepartment of Plant Protection, College of ForestryHenan University of Science and Technology Luoyang 471023 P. R. China
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Song S, Li X, Wei J, Wang W, Zhang Y, Ai L, Zhu Y, Shi X, Zhang X, Jiao N. DMSO-catalysed late-stage chlorination of (hetero)arenes. Nat Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-019-0398-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Che ZP, Tian YE, Liu SM, Jiang J, Hu M, Chen GQ. Stereoselective synthesis of 4β-acyloxypodophyllotoxin derivatives as insecticidal agents. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2019; 21:1028-1041. [PMID: 29974799 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2018.1490275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
As our ongoing work on research of natural-product-based insecticidal agents, some 4α/β-acyloxypodophyllotoxin derivatives were synthesized, and were evaluated against the pre-third-instar larvae of B. mori, A. dissimilis and M. separate in vivo at the concentration of 1 mg ml-1, respectively. Among all derivatives, compounds 2 g, h and 4c, d showed more promising insecticidal activities than their precursors - podophyllotoxin and epipodophyllotoxin. Furthermore, derivatives 2 g, h and 4c, d exhibited more relative amicable activities than their precursors - podophyllotoxin and epipodophyllotoxin. This results indicated that 4β-acyloxy moiety in the podophyllotoxin derivatives was significant for obtaining the more potent compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Ping Che
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Design & Synthesis, Department of Plant Protection, College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang 471003 , China
| | - Yue-E Tian
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Design & Synthesis, Department of Plant Protection, College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang 471003 , China
| | - Sheng-Ming Liu
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Design & Synthesis, Department of Plant Protection, College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang 471003 , China
| | - Jia Jiang
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Design & Synthesis, Department of Plant Protection, College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang 471003 , China
| | - Mei Hu
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Design & Synthesis, Department of Plant Protection, College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang 471003 , China
| | - Gen-Qiang Chen
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Design & Synthesis, Department of Plant Protection, College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang 471003 , China
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9
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Che Z, Tian Y, Yang J, Liu S, Jiang J, Hu M, Chen G. Screening of Insecticidal Activity of Podophyllotoxin Analogues against Athetis dissimilis. Nat Prod Commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1901400131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
As our ongoing work on research of natural-product-based insecticidal agents, eighteen podophyllotoxin analogues with diverse chemical structures were evaluated for their insecticidal activities against the pre-fourth-instar larvae of Athetis dissimilis Hampson in vivo at the concentration of 1 mg/mL. Among all the reported analogues, compounds 6, 8, 12, 13, 15 and 17 showed more potent insecticidal activities than matrine, quinine and toosendanin, three commercial plant secondary metabolites. 2′,6′-Dichloropodophyllotoxin (8) and 2′,6′-dichloroepipodophyllotoxin (13) exhibited the most pronounced and promising insecticidal activity with the final corrected mortality rates of greatly 60%. This suggested that variation of chemical structures in the podophyllotoxin skeleton conspicuously has effect on the insecticidal activity profiles of podophyllotoxin analogues. Moreover, SAR revealed that the substituents and configuration were critical for their insecticidal activities. The results may be useful in guiding further design and structural modification of podophyllotoxins in the development of potential novel insecticidal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Che
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Design & Synthesis, Department of Plant Protection, College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuee Tian
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Design & Synthesis, Department of Plant Protection, College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinming Yang
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Design & Synthesis, Department of Plant Protection, College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengming Liu
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Design & Synthesis, Department of Plant Protection, College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Jiang
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Design & Synthesis, Department of Plant Protection, College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Hu
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Design & Synthesis, Department of Plant Protection, College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Genqiang Chen
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Design & Synthesis, Department of Plant Protection, College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
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Yang R, Zhang Y, Xu H. Synthesis of novel isoxazoline-containing podophyllotoxin/2′(2′,6′)-(di)halogenopodophyllotoxin derivatives and their insecticidal/acaricidal activities. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:1410-1416. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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11
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Xu H, Lv M, Zhang B, Yu M. Synthesis Of 2′(2′,6′)-(Di)Halogenoisoxazolopodophyllic Acids-Based Amides Derived from a Naturally Occurring Lignan Podophyllotoxin and Their Acaricidal Activity. HETEROCYCLES 2018. [DOI: 10.3987/com-17-s(t)12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Silva MS, Ribeiro SF, Taveira GB, Rodrigues R, Fernandes KV, Carvalho AO, Vasconcelos IM, Mello EO, Gomes VM. Application and bioactive properties of CaTI, a trypsin inhibitor from Capsicum annuum seeds: membrane permeabilization, oxidative stress and intracellular target in phytopathogenic fungi cells. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:3790-3801. [PMID: 28139827 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the last few years, a growing number of antimicrobial peptides have been isolated from plants and particularly from seeds. Recent results from our laboratory have shown the purification of a new trypsin inhibitor, named CaTI, from chilli pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) seeds. This study aims to evaluate the antifungal activity and mechanism of action of CaTI on phytopathogenic fungi and detect the presence of protease inhibitors in other species of this genus. RESULTS Our results show that CaTI can inhibit the growth of the phytopathogenic fungi Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and C. lindemuthianum. CaTI can also permeabilize the membrane of all tested fungi. When testing the inhibitor on its ability to induce reactive oxygen species, an induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) particularly in Fusarium species was observed. Using CaTI coupled to fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), it was possible to determine the presence of the inhibitor inside the hyphae of the Fusarium oxysporum fungus. The search for protease inhibitors in other Capsicum species revealed their presence in all tested species. CONCLUSION This paper shows the antifungal activity of protease inhibitors such as CaTI against phytopathogenic fungi. Antimicrobial peptides, among which the trypsin protease inhibitor family stands out, are present in different species of the genus Capsicum and are part of the chemical arsenal that plants use to defend themselves against pathogens. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marciele S Silva
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Microrganismos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Suzanna Ff Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Microrganismos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gabriel B Taveira
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Microrganismos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rosana Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Melhoramento e Genética Vegetal, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Katia Vs Fernandes
- Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - André O Carvalho
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Microrganismos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ilka Maria Vasconcelos
- Laboratório de Toxinas Vegetais, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Erica Oliveira Mello
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Microrganismos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Valdirene M Gomes
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Microrganismos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
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Nanocapsules Containing Neem (Azadirachta Indica) Oil: Development, Characterization, And Toxicity Evaluation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5929. [PMID: 28724950 PMCID: PMC5517525 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06092-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we prepared, characterized, and performed toxicity analyses of poly(ε-caprolactone) nanocapsules loaded with neem oil. Three formulations were prepared by the emulsion/solvent evaporation method. The nanocapsules showed a mean size distribution around 400 nm, with polydispersity below 0.2 and were stable for 120 days. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity results showed an increase in toxicity of the oleic acid + neem formulations according to the amount of oleic acid used. The minimum inhibitory concentrations demonstrated that all the formulations containing neem oil were active. The nanocapsules containing neem oil did not affect the soil microbiota during 300 days of exposure compared to the control. Phytotoxicity studies indicated that NC_20 (200 mg of neem oil) did not affect the net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance of maize plants, whereas use of NC_10 (100:100 of neem:oleic acid) and NC_15 (150:50 of neem:oleic acid) led to negative effects on these physiological parameters. Hence, the use of oleic acid as a complement in the nanocapsules was not a good strategy, since the nanocapsules that only contained neem oil showed lower toxicity. These results demonstrate that evaluation of the toxicity of nanopesticides is essential for the development of environmentally friendly formulations intended for applications in agriculture.
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Huang J, Xu M, Li S, He J, Xu H. Synthesis of some ester derivatives of 4′-demethoxyepipodophyllotoxin/2′-chloro-4′-demethoxyepipodophyllotoxin as insecticidal agents against oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata Walker. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:511-517. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Yu X, Che Z, Xu H. Recent Advances in the Chemistry and Biology of Podophyllotoxins. Chemistry 2017; 23:4467-4526. [PMID: 27726183 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Podophyllotoxin and its related aryltetralin cyclolignans belong to a family of important products that exhibit various biological properties (e.g., cytotoxic, insecticidal, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, neurotoxic, immunosuppressive, antirheumatic, antioxidative, antispasmogenic, and hypolipidemic activities). This Review provides a survey of podophyllotoxin and its analogues isolated from plants. In particular, recent developments in the elegant total chemical synthesis, structural modifications, biosynthesis, and biotransformation of podophyllotoxin and its analogues are summarized. Moreover, a deoxypodophyllotoxin-based chemosensor for selective detection of mercury ion is described. In addition to the most active podophyllotoxin derivatives in each series against human cancer cell lines and insect pests listed in the tables, the structure-activity relationships of podophyllotoxin derivatives as cytotoxic and insecticidal agents are also outlined. Future prospects and further developments in this area are covered at the end of the Review. We believe that this Review will provide necessary information for synthetic, medicinal, and pesticidal chemistry researchers who are interested in the chemistry and biology of podophyllotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Yu
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design and Synthesis, College of Plant Protection/Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Zhiping Che
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design and Synthesis, College of Plant Protection/Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
- College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Hui Xu
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design and Synthesis, College of Plant Protection/Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
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Yu M, Liu G, Zhang Y, Feng T, Xu M, Xu H. Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel Isoxazolines/Oxime Sulfonates of 2'(2',6')-(Di)Chloropodophyllotoxins as Insecticidal Agents. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33062. [PMID: 27667584 PMCID: PMC5036094 DOI: 10.1038/srep33062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of 2′(2′,6′)-(di)halogeno-isoxazolopodophyllic acids-based esters, and oxime sulfonates of 2′(2′,6′)-(di)halogenopodophyllones were prepared by structural modifications of podophyllotoxin as insecticidal agents against Mythimna separata Walker. It was found that when 2′(2′,6′)-(di)halogenopodophyllones or 2′(2′,6′)-(di)chloropicropodophyllones reacted with hydroxylamine hydrochloride, the desired products were related with the configuration of their lactones. Three key single-crystal structures of Ie, IIe and IIIb were determined by X-ray diffraction. Especially compounds IIc and Vc showed the highest insecticidal activity. Moreover, some interesting results of structure-insecticidal activity relationships of tested compounds were also observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingqiao Yu
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design &Synthesis, College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, P. R. China
| | - Guangci Liu
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design &Synthesis, College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design &Synthesis, College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, P. R. China
| | - Tao Feng
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design &Synthesis, College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, P. R. China
| | - Ming Xu
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design &Synthesis, College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, P. R. China
| | - Hui Xu
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design &Synthesis, College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, P. R. China.,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products &Chemical Biology, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, P. R. China
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Wang R, Zhi X, Li J, Xu H. Synthesis of Novel Oxime Sulfonate Derivatives of 2'(2',6')-(Di)chloropicropodophyllotoxins as Insecticidal Agents. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:6668-6674. [PMID: 26166302 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b02036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
To discover novel natural-product-based pesticidal agents, we prepared a series of oxime sulfonate derivatives of 2'(2',6')-(Di)chloropicropodophyllotoxins by structural modification of podophyllotoxin. Their structures were well-characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H NMR), high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), optical rotation, and melting point. Moreover, the key steric structure of compound 5f was unambiguously determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Additionally, their insecticidal activity was evaluated at 1 mg/mL against the pre-third-instar larvae of oriental armyworm (Mythimna separata Walker), a typical lepidopteran pest. Among all derivatives, compounds 4c, 5c, and 5d exhibited more promising insecticidal activity, with the final mortality rates greater than 60%, when compared to their precursor podophyllotoxin and the positive control, toosendanin. It demonstrated that introduction of the chlorine atom at the C-2' or C-2',6' position on the E ring of picropodophyllotoxin or oxime sulfonate derivatives of picropodophyllotoxin was important for the insecticidal activity and introduction of a halogen (e.g., fluorine, chlorine, or bromine) atom-substituted phenylsulfonyl group on the oxime fragment of 2'(2',6')-(di)chloropicropodophyllones could lead to more promising compounds.
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Yu X, Ding G, Zhi X, Xu H. Insight into reduction of obacunone, and their ester derivatives as insecticidal agents against Mythimna separata Walker. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:25-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Xu H, Yu X, Ding G, Gao Z, Zha J. Natural-Product-Based Insecticidal Agents 16. Semisynthesis of C7-Oxime Sulfonate Ester Derivatives of Obacunone as Insecticidal Agents against Mythimna separata Walker. HETEROCYCLES 2015. [DOI: 10.3987/com-14-s(k)88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Zhi X, Yang C, Yu X, Xu H. Synthesis and insecticidal activity of new oxime derivatives of podophyllotoxin-based phenazines against Mythimna separata Walker. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:5679-5682. [PMID: 25467160 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.10.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Revised: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
To discover new natural-product-based insecticidal agents, a series of novel oxime derivatives of podophyllotoxin-based phenazines modified in the C, D and E rings of podophyllotoxin were prepared and tested as insecticidal agents against the pre-third-instar larvae of oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata (Walker) in vivo at 1 mg/mL. The steric configuration of IIIc was unambiguously confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Compounds IIIa-d, and IIIi exhibited an equal or higher insecticidal activity than toosendanin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhi
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design & Synthesis, College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Yang
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design & Synthesis, College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Yu
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design & Synthesis, College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Xu
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design & Synthesis, College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China.
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Wang J, Yu X, Zhi X, Xu H. Synthesis and insecticidal activity of new deoxypodophyllotoxin derivatives modified in the D-ring. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:4542-4545. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.07.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2014] [Revised: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Wang Y, Yu X, Zhi X, Xiao X, Yang C, Xu H. Synthesis and insecticidal activity of novel hydrazone compounds derived from a naturally occurring lignan podophyllotoxin against Mythimna separata (Walker). Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:2621-4. [PMID: 24810569 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.04.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In continuation of our program aimed at the discovery and development of natural-product-based insecticidal agents, a series of novel hydrazone derivatives of podophyllotoxin, which is a naturally occurring aryltetralin lignan and isolated as the main secondary metabolite from the roots and rhizomes of Podophyllum species, were synthesized and evaluated as insecticidal agents against the pre-third-instar larvae of oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata (Walker) in vivo at 1mg/mL. Especially compounds 8i, 8j, 8t, and 8u showed the more potent insecticidal activity with the final mortality rates greater than 60%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Design & Synthesis, College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China; College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agriculture University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Yu
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Design & Synthesis, College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhi
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Design & Synthesis, College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Design & Synthesis, College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Yang
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Design & Synthesis, College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Xu
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Design & Synthesis, College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China.
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Zhi X, Yu X, Yang C, Ding G, Chen H, Xu H. Synthesis of 4β-acyloxypodophyllotoxin analogs modified in the C and E rings as insecticidal agents against Mythimna separata Walker. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:765-72. [PMID: 24412075 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.12.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Revised: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
To discover the new natural-product-based insecticidal agents, four series of sixty novel 4β-acyloxypodophyllotoxin analogs modified in the C and E rings were prepared, and their insecticidal activity was tested against the pre-third-instar larvae of oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata (Walker) in vivo at the concentration of 1 mg/mL. It demonstrated that the position of the dioxo group on the E-ring of 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin was regioselectively controlled by the chlorine atom at its C-2' position when 2'-chloro-4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin was oxidized by sodium periodate. Among all the derivatives, IIIi exhibited the best potent insecticidal activity with the final mortality rate of 63.3%. To alkylacyloxy series, the proper length of the side chain at the C-4 position of Ia-g, IIa-g and IIIa-g was important for their insecticidal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhi
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Design & Synthesis, College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiang Yu
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Design & Synthesis, College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Chun Yang
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Design & Synthesis, College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Guodong Ding
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Design & Synthesis, College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Design & Synthesis, College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China.
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