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Wohlrábová L, Sahlbach M, Heckel A, Slanina T. BODIPY phototether enables oligonucleotide cyclization and subsequent deprotection by tissue-transparent red light. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:4366-4369. [PMID: 38563214 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00272e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
meso-methyl-BODIPY photocages release a leaving group upon visible light irradiation but often lack thermal stability. In turn, our thermally-stable, red-shifted BODIPY phototether allows oligonucleotide cyclization, preventing complementary strand hybridization. Hybridization resumes upon red-NIR irradiation, disconnecting the phototether by oxidative cleavage, which is easily monitored by a blue shift in fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Wohlrábová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Flemingovo náměstí 542, Prague 160 00, Czech Republic.
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Marlen Sahlbach
- Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - Alexander Heckel
- Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - Tomáš Slanina
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Flemingovo náměstí 542, Prague 160 00, Czech Republic.
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2
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Lechner VM, Nappi M, Deneny PJ, Folliet S, Chu JCK, Gaunt MJ. Visible-Light-Mediated Modification and Manipulation of Biomacromolecules. Chem Rev 2021; 122:1752-1829. [PMID: 34546740 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chemically modified biomacromolecules-i.e., proteins, nucleic acids, glycans, and lipids-have become crucial tools in chemical biology. They are extensively used not only to elucidate cellular processes but also in industrial applications, particularly in the context of biopharmaceuticals. In order to enable maximum scope for optimization, it is pivotal to have a diverse array of biomacromolecule modification methods at one's disposal. Chemistry has driven many significant advances in this area, and especially recently, numerous novel visible-light-induced photochemical approaches have emerged. In these reactions, light serves as an external source of energy, enabling access to highly reactive intermediates under exceedingly mild conditions and with exquisite spatiotemporal control. While UV-induced transformations on biomacromolecules date back decades, visible light has the unmistakable advantage of being considerably more biocompatible, and a spectrum of visible-light-driven methods is now available, chiefly for proteins and nucleic acids. This review will discuss modifications of native functional groups (FGs), including functionalization, labeling, and cross-linking techniques as well as the utility of oxidative degradation mediated by photochemically generated reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, transformations at non-native, bioorthogonal FGs on biomacromolecules will be addressed, including photoclick chemistry and DNA-encoded library synthesis as well as methods that allow manipulation of the activity of a biomacromolecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian M Lechner
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Manuel Nappi
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick J Deneny
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Folliet
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - John C K Chu
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J Gaunt
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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3
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Dutta S, Rühle J, Schikora M, Deussner-Helfmann N, Heilemann M, Zatsepin T, Duchstein P, Zahn D, Knör G, Mokhir A. Red light-triggered photoreduction on a nucleic acid template. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:10026-10029. [PMID: 32728684 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03086d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Conjugate Sn(iv)(pyropheophorbide a)dichloride-(peptide nucleic acid) catalyzes reduction of azobenzene derivatives in the presence of complementary nucleic acid (NA) upon irridiation with red light (660 nm). This is the first red light-induced NA-templated photoreduction. It is highly sensitive to single mismatches in the NA-template and can detect down to 5 nM NAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Dutta
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Organic Chemistry II, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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Becker F, Klaiber M, Franzreb M, Bräse S, Lahann J. On Demand Light-Degradable Polymers Based on 9,10-Dialkoxyanthracenes. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 41:e2000314. [PMID: 32608550 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Light induced degradation of polymers has drawn increasing interest due to the need for externally controllable modulation of materials properties. However, the portfolio of polymers, that undergo precisely controllable degradation, is limited and typically requires UV light. A novel class of backbone-degradable polymers that undergo aerobic degradation in the presence of visible light, yet remain stable against broad-spectrum light under anaerobic conditions is reported. In this design, the polymer backbone is comprised of 9,10-dialkoxyanthracene units that are selectively cleaved by singlet oxygen in the presence of green light as confirmed by NMR and UV/vis spectroscopy. The resulting polymers have been processed by electrohydrodynamic (EHD) co-jetting into bicompartmental microfibers, where one hemisphere is selectively degraded on demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Becker
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
| | - Marvin Klaiber
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
| | - Matthias Franzreb
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany.,Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - IBCS-FMS, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
| | - Joerg Lahann
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany.,Biointerfaces Institute and Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
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Zozulia O, Bachmann T, Mokhir A. Red Light Triggered Fluorogenic Reaction with Picomolar Sensitivity Toward Nucleic Acids. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:2023-2031. [PMID: 31195795 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We have previously reported on a red light triggered, singlet oxygen-mediated fluorogenic reaction that is templated in a highly sequence specific fashion by nucleic acids (S. Dutta, A. Fulop, A. Mokhir, Bioconjgate Chem. 2013, 24 (9), 1533-1542). Up to the present date, it has remained a single templated reaction responsive to nontoxic >650 nm light. However, it is operative only in the presence of relatively high (>2 nM) concentrations of templates that dramatically limit its applicability in nucleic acid detection. In the current work, we established that an inefficient intermolecular electron transfer involved in reduction of the 1,4-endoperoxide intermediate, formed in the rate-limiting reaction step, is responsible for inhibition of the reaction at low reagent concentrations. We suggested the solution of the problem which includes a combination of a cleavable (9-alkoxyanthracene) moiety with a two-electron donating fragment in one molecule. This approach enables the efficient intramolecular electron transfer to the endoperoxide intermediate in the critical reaction step. Due to the intramolecular character of the latter process, it is practically independent of concentration of the reagents. The reaction based on the improved cleavable moiety was found to be >200-fold more sensitive than the previously reported one. It is fast, sequence specific, and compatible with live cells. Accounting for short reactions times (<30 min), nontoxic trigger (red light), excellent sensitivity, and sequence specificity, this is presently the best reported photochemical templated reaction compatible with live cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksii Zozulia
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Organic Chemistry Chair II , Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Strasse 10 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Tobias Bachmann
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Organic Chemistry Chair II , Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Strasse 10 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Andriy Mokhir
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Organic Chemistry Chair II , Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Strasse 10 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
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Brega V, Scaletti F, Zhang X, Wang LS, Li P, Xu Q, Rotello VM, Thomas SW. Polymer Amphiphiles for Photoregulated Anticancer Drug Delivery. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:2814-2820. [PMID: 30582802 PMCID: PMC6623983 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b18099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of amphiphilic polymers featuring lipophilic stearyl chains and hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) polymers that are connected through singlet oxygen-cleavable alkoxyanthracene linkers. These amphiphilic polymers assembled in water to form micelles with diameters of ∼20 nm. Reaction of the alkoxyanthracene linkers with light and O2 cleaved the ether C-O bonds, resulting in formation of the corresponding 9,10-anthraquinone derivatives and concomitant disruption of the micelles. These micelles were loaded with the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin, which was efficiently released upon photo-oxidation. The drug-loaded reactive micelles were effective at killing cancer cells in vitro upon irradiation at 365 nm, functioning through both doxorubicin release and photodynamic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Brega
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, 62 Talbot Avenue, Medford MA 02155, United States
| | - Federica Scaletti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 Nt. Pleasant Street, Amherst MA 01003, United States
| | - Xianzhi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 Nt. Pleasant Street, Amherst MA 01003, United States
| | - Li-Sheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 Nt. Pleasant Street, Amherst MA 01003, United States
| | - Prudence Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford MA 02155, United States
| | - Qiaobing Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford MA 02155, United States
| | - Vincent M. Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 Nt. Pleasant Street, Amherst MA 01003, United States
| | - Samuel W. Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, 62 Talbot Avenue, Medford MA 02155, United States
- Corresponding Author: (S.W.T.)
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Ankenbruck N, Courtney T, Naro Y, Deiters A. Optochemical Control of Biological Processes in Cells and Animals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:2768-2798. [PMID: 28521066 PMCID: PMC6026863 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201700171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 293] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Biological processes are naturally regulated with high spatial and temporal control, as is perhaps most evident in metazoan embryogenesis. Chemical tools have been extensively utilized in cell and developmental biology to investigate cellular processes, and conditional control methods have expanded applications of these technologies toward resolving complex biological questions. Light represents an excellent external trigger since it can be controlled with very high spatial and temporal precision. To this end, several optically regulated tools have been developed and applied to living systems. In this review we discuss recent developments of optochemical tools, including small molecules, peptides, proteins, and nucleic acids that can be irreversibly or reversibly controlled through light irradiation, with a focus on applications in cells and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Ankenbruck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15260, USA
| | - Taylor Courtney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15260, USA
| | - Yuta Naro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15260, USA
| | - Alexander Deiters
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15260, USA
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8
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Ankenbruck N, Courtney T, Naro Y, Deiters A. Optochemische Steuerung biologischer Vorgänge in Zellen und Tieren. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201700171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Ankenbruck
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260 USA
| | - Taylor Courtney
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260 USA
| | - Yuta Naro
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260 USA
| | - Alexander Deiters
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260 USA
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