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Hitt DM, Zwicker JD, Chao CK, Patel SA, Gerdes JM, Bridges RJ, Thompson CM. Inhibition of the Vesicular Glutamate Transporter (VGLUT) with Congo Red Analogs: New Binding Insights. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:494-503. [PMID: 33398639 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-03182-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The vesicular glutamate transporter (VGLUT) facilitates the uptake of glutamate (Glu) into neuronal vesicles. VGLUT has not yet been fully characterized pharmacologically but a body of work established that certain azo-dyes bearing two Glu isosteres via a linker were potent inhibitors. However, the distance between the isostere groups that convey potent inhibition has not been delineated. This report describes the synthesis and pharmacologic assessment of Congo Red analogs that contain one or two glutamate isostere or mimic groups; the latter varied in the interatomic distance and spacer properties to probe strategic binding interactions within VGLUT. The more potent inhibitors had two glutamate isosteres symmetrically linked to a central aromatic group and showed IC50 values ~ 0.3-2.0 μM at VGLUT. These compounds contained phenyl, diphenyl ether (PhOPh) or 1,2-diphenylethane as the linker connecting 4-aminonaphthalene sulfonic acid groups. A homology model for VGLUT2 using D-galactonate transporter (DgoT) to dock and identify R88, H199 and F219 as key protein interactions with Trypan Blue, Congo Red and selected potent analogs prepared and tested in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Hitt
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, College of Health Professions and Biomedical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Carroll College, 1601 N Benton Ave., Helena, MT, 59625, USA
| | - Jeffery D Zwicker
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, College of Health Professions and Biomedical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA.,Deciphera Pharmaceuticals, 643 Massachusetts St, Lawrence, KS, 66044, USA
| | - Chih-Kai Chao
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, College of Health Professions and Biomedical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA
| | - Sarjubhai A Patel
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, College of Health Professions and Biomedical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA
| | - John M Gerdes
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, College of Health Professions and Biomedical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA
| | - Richard J Bridges
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, College of Health Professions and Biomedical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA
| | - Charles M Thompson
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, College of Health Professions and Biomedical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA.
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Pietrancosta N, Djibo M, Daumas S, El Mestikawy S, Erickson JD. Molecular, Structural, Functional, and Pharmacological Sites for Vesicular Glutamate Transporter Regulation. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:3118-3142. [PMID: 32474835 PMCID: PMC7261050 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-01912-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs) control quantal size of glutamatergic transmission and have been the center of numerous studies over the past two decades. VGLUTs contain two independent transport modes that facilitate glutamate packaging into synaptic vesicles and phosphate (Pi) ion transport into the synaptic terminal. While a transmembrane proton electrical gradient established by a vacuolar-type ATPase powers vesicular glutamate transport, recent studies indicate that binding sites and flux properties for chloride, potassium, and protons within VGLUTs themselves regulate VGLUT activity as well. These intrinsic ionic binding and flux properties of VGLUTs can therefore be modulated by neurophysiological conditions to affect levels of glutamate available for release from synapses. Despite their extraordinary importance, specific and high-affinity pharmacological compounds that interact with these sites and regulate VGLUT function, distinguish between the various modes of transport, and the different isoforms themselves, are lacking. In this review, we provide an overview of the physiologic sites for VGLUT regulation that could modulate glutamate release in an over-active synapse or in a disease state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Pietrancosta
- Neuroscience Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS - IBPS) INSERM, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France. .,Laboratoire des Biomolécules, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS, LBM, 75005, Paris, France.
| | - Mahamadou Djibo
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, LCBPT, UMR 8601, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Stephanie Daumas
- Neuroscience Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS - IBPS) INSERM, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Salah El Mestikawy
- Neuroscience Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS - IBPS) INSERM, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France. .,Douglas Hospital Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, 6875 boulevard Lasalle, Verdun, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Jeffrey D Erickson
- Neuroscience Center, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
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Thompson CM, Chao CK. VGLUT substrates and inhibitors: A computational viewpoint. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183175. [PMID: 31923412 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs) bind and move glutamate (Glu) from the cytosol into the lumen of synaptic vesicles using a H+-electrochemical gradient (ΔpH and Δψ) generated by the vesicular H+-ATPase. VGLUTs show very low Glu binding and to date, no three-dimensional structure has been elucidated. Prior studies have attempted to identify the key residues involved in binding VGLUT substrates and inhibitors using homology models and docking experiments. Recently, the inward and outward oriented crystal structures of d-galactonate transporter (DgoT) emerged as possible structure templates for VGLUT. In this review, a new homology model for VGLUT2 based on DgoT has been developed and used to conduct docking experiments to identify and differentiate residues and binding orientations involved in ligand interactions. This review describes small molecule-ligand interactions including docking using a VGLUT2 homology model derived from DgoT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles M Thompson
- Center for Structural and Functional Neurosciences, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, United States.
| | - Chih-Kai Chao
- Center for Structural and Functional Neurosciences, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, United States
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Ratner MH, Kumaresan V, Farb DH. Neurosteroid Actions in Memory and Neurologic/Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:169. [PMID: 31024441 PMCID: PMC6465949 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Memory dysfunction is a symptomatic feature of many neurologic and neuropsychiatric disorders; however, the basic underlying mechanisms of memory and altered states of circuitry function associated with disorders of memory remain a vast unexplored territory. The initial discovery of endogenous neurosteroids triggered a quest to elucidate their role as neuromodulators in normal and diseased brain function. In this review, based on the perspective of our own research, the advances leading to the discovery of positive and negative neurosteroid allosteric modulators of GABA type-A (GABAA), NMDA, and non-NMDA type glutamate receptors are brought together in a historical and conceptual framework. We extend the analysis toward a state-of-the art view of how neurosteroid modulation of neural circuitry function may affect memory and memory deficits. By aggregating the results from multiple laboratories using both animal models for disease and human clinical research on neuropsychiatric and age-related neurodegenerative disorders, elements of a circuitry level view begins to emerge. Lastly, the effects of both endogenously active and exogenously administered neurosteroids on neural networks across the life span of women and men point to a possible underlying pharmacological connectome by which these neuromodulators might act to modulate memory across diverse altered states of mind.
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Girgis AS, Aziz MN, Shalaby EM, Asaad FM, Farag IA. Synthesis and X-ray Studies of Novel Azaphenanthrenes. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.3184/174751918x15183538282993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Two azaphenanthrenes were synthesised by a facile synthetic pathway and characterised by X-ray crystallography. Molecular packing of 4-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-methoxy-5,6-dihydrobenzo[ h]quinoline-3-carbonitrile exhibits C–H…N and C–H…Cl hydrogen bonds in addition to intermolecular C–H…π, Cl…π and π…π (π-ring) stacking interactions. However, molecules of the 2-ethoxy derivative are linked into chains by one hydrogen bond of the C–H…N type and the crystal structure reveals an intermolecular C–H…π (π-ring) interaction. Computational studies by AM1, PM3, and density functional theory (DFT) techniques provide good approximations to the experimental X-ray data. The root mean square errors between the experimental and calculated bond lengths using AM1, PM3 and DFT methods for the 2-methoxy and 2-ethoxy derivatives are 0.0187, 0.0193, 0.0120 and 0.0197, 0.0195 and 0.0116 respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel S. Girgis
- Pesticide Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Marian N. Aziz
- Pesticide Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - ElSayed M. Shalaby
- X-Ray Crystallography Laboratory, Physics Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Fahmy M. Asaad
- Pesticide Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - I.S. Ahmed Farag
- X-Ray Crystallography Laboratory, Physics Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
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Zhu C, Guo R, Sheng Z, Li Y, Chu C. A Facile Synthesis of Benzo[ h
]quinolines via Silica-TsOH-P 2
O 5
Promoted Condensation of 1-Naphthylamines with 1,3-Diketones under Solvent Free Conditions. CHINESE J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201700128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanlei Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Ruiqiang Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Zhe Sheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Yanzhe Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Changhu Chu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 China
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Gattu R, Basha RS, Bagdi PR, Khan AT. One-pot three-component regioselective synthesis of C1-functionalised 3-arylbenzo[f]quinoline. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra23413a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient method for regioselective synthesis of C1-functionalised 3-arylbenzo[f]quinoline has been demonstrated using β-ketoester, 2-naphthylamine and aromatic aldehyde by employing camphorsulfonic acid as the catalyst in acetonitrile at 70 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhakrishna Gattu
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- Guwahati 781 039
- India
| | - R. Sidick Basha
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- Guwahati 781 039
- India
| | - Prasanta Ray Bagdi
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- Guwahati 781 039
- India
| | - Abu T. Khan
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- Guwahati 781 039
- India
- Vice-Chancellor
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Šagud I, Antol I, Marinić Ž, Šindler-Kulyk M. Photoinduced Intramolecular formal [4 + 2] Cycloaddition of Aryl-Substituted o-Vinylstyryl-2-oxazoles To Form Benzo[f]quinoline Derivatives: Experimental Results and Theoretical Interpretation. J Org Chem 2015; 80:9535-41. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Šagud
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | | | - Marija Šindler-Kulyk
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Sarmah MM, Borthakur S, Bhuyan D, Prajapati D. Ultrasound mediated efficient synthesis of spironaphthoquinolines. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra13793d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Spironaphthoquinolines can be obtained with good yields under ultrasound-mediated pseudo one-pot conditions from easily available precursors. The ‘atom-economy’ and ‘procedural simplicity’ of the process makes it an attractive protocol to synthesize desired compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manas M. Sarmah
- Medicinal Chemistry Division
- CSIR-North-East Institute of Science and Technology
- Jorhat
- India
- Oil Testing Laboratory
| | - Somadrita Borthakur
- Medicinal Chemistry Division
- CSIR-North-East Institute of Science and Technology
- Jorhat
- India
| | | | - Dipak Prajapati
- Medicinal Chemistry Division
- CSIR-North-East Institute of Science and Technology
- Jorhat
- India
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