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Adibi H, Beyhaghi E, Hayati S, Hosseinzadeh L, Amin N. In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis Inducing Evaluation of Novel Halogenated Isatin Derivatives. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2022; 22:2439-2447. [PMID: 35043767 DOI: 10.2174/1871520622666220119091642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isatin (1H-indole-2,3-dione) and its derivatives have been shown their responsibility in a wide range of biological activities. Among the range of beneficial properties, anticancer compounds were the most extensively highlighted and explored. OBJECTIVE Herein, we report the targeting effect of halogenated isatin derivatives on cancer cell mitochondria and their antiproliferative mechanism. METHOD A series of novel 5-halo-Isatin derivatives consisting 5-Amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol scaffold were synthesized and easily conducted in good yields through a condensation reaction between keto groups of Isatin and primary amine under alcoholic conditions, followed by S-benzylation. The compounds were fully characterized using spectroscopic methods such as 1H-NMR, FTIR, mass spectroscopy and then tested in vitro towards three cancer cell lines HT-29 (colon cancer), MCF-7 (breast cancer) and SKNMC (neuroblastoma). Apoptosis induction was investigated through assessment of caspase 3 and mitochondrial membrane potential. RESULTS The most potent compounds of 5b, 5r (IC50 = 18,13 µM) and 5n (IC50 = 20,17 µM) were found to show strong anticancer activity, especially for MCF7 cells. Further anticancer mechanism studies indicated that 5b and 5r induced apoptosis through the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway. CONCLUSION This research demonstrated that 5b and 5r have an anticancer property via the modulation of oxidative stress-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis and immune response, which deserves further studies on their clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Adibi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ehsan Beyhaghi
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Sonya Hayati
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Leila Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Niloufar Amin
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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2
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Neamani S, Moradi L. Synthesis of New and Highly Functionalized 1,4‐Dihydropyridines and Spirooxindole Dihydropyridines Using L‐Proline as Efficient Catalyst. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202002146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shekofeh Neamani
- Department of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry University of Kashan P.O. Box 8731753153 Kashan I. R. Iran
| | - Leila Moradi
- Department of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry University of Kashan P.O. Box 8731753153 Kashan I. R. Iran
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3
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Acosta JA, Karak M, Barbosa LC, Boukouvalas J, Straforini A, Forlani G. Synthesis of new tetronamides displaying inhibitory activity against bloom-forming cyanobacteria. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:779-788. [PMID: 31397956 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increasing frequency and intensity of cyanobacterial blooms pose a serious threat to aquatic ecosystems. These blooms produce potent toxins that can contaminate drinking water and endanger the life of wild and domestic animals as well as humans. Consequently, the development of effective methods for their control is a matter of high priority. We have previously shown that some γ-benzylidenebutenolides, related to the rubrolide family of natural products, are capable of inhibiting the photosynthetic electron transport chain (Hill reaction), a target of commercial herbicides. Here we report the synthesis and biological properties of a new class of rubrolide-inspired molecules featuring a tetronamide motif. RESULTS A total of 47 N-aryl tetronamides, including 38 aldol adducts, were prepared bearing phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, aliphatic and heteroaromatic groups. Some of the aldol adducts were dehydrated to the corresponding γ-benzylidenetetronamides, although satisfactory yields were obtained in only three cases (52-97%). None of the synthesized compounds were capable of blocking the Hill reaction. This notwithstanding, several aldol adducts equipped with a biphenyl substituent displayed excellent inhibitory activity against Synechococcus elongatus and other cyanobacterial strains (IC50 = 1-5 μM). Further, these tetronamides were found to be essentially inactive against eukaryotic microorganisms. CONCLUSION Several newly synthesized biphenyl-containing tetronamides were shown to display potent and selective inhibitory activity against cyanobacteria. These compounds appear to exert their biological effects without interfering with the Hill reaction. As such, they represent novel leads in the search of environmentally benign agents for controlling cyanobacterial blooms. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Am Acosta
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Milandip Karak
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Luiz Ca Barbosa
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - John Boukouvalas
- Department of Chemistry, Pavillon Alexandre-Vachon, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Andrea Straforini
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Forlani
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Abdou MM, El-Saeed RA, Abozeid MA, Sadek MG, Zaki E, Barakat Y, Ibrahim H, Fathy M, Shabana S, Amine M, Bondock S. Advancements in tetronic acid chemistry. Part 1: Synthesis and reactions. ARAB J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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Ayaz F, Kheeree R, Isse QA, Ersan RH, Algul O. DNA Base Bioisosteres, Bis-benzoxazoles, Exert Anti-proliferative Effect on Human Prostate and Breast Cancer Cells. JOURNAL OF THE TURKISH CHEMICAL SOCIETY, SECTION A: CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.429504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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6
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Kumar NP, Thatikonda S, Tokala R, Kumari SS, Lakshmi UJ, Godugu C, Shankaraiah N, Kamal A. Sulfamic acid promoted one-pot synthesis of phenanthrene fused-dihydrodibenzo-quinolinones: Anticancer activity, tubulin polymerization inhibition and apoptosis inducing studies. Bioorg Med Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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7
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Wu YC, Cao L, Mei WJ, Wu HQ, Luo SH, Zhan HY, Wang ZY. Bis-2(5H)-furanone derivatives as new anticancer agents: Design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and mechanism studies. Chem Biol Drug Des 2018; 92:1232-1240. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Cheng Wu
- School of Chemistry and Environment; South China Normal University; Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment; Ministry of Education; Guangzhou China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Zhongshan China
| | - Liang Cao
- School of Chemistry and Environment; South China Normal University; Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment; Ministry of Education; Guangzhou China
| | - Wen-Jie Mei
- School of Pharmacy; Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Guangzhou China
| | - Han-Qing Wu
- School of Chemistry and Environment; South China Normal University; Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment; Ministry of Education; Guangzhou China
| | - Shi-He Luo
- School of Chemistry and Environment; South China Normal University; Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment; Ministry of Education; Guangzhou China
| | - Hai-Ying Zhan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Zhongshan China
| | - Zhao-Yang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Environment; South China Normal University; Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment; Ministry of Education; Guangzhou China
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Reddy VG, Bonam SR, Reddy TS, Akunuri R, Naidu V, Nayak VL, Bhargava SK, Kumar HS, Srihari P, Kamal A. 4 β -amidotriazole linked podophyllotoxin congeners: DNA topoisomerase-IIα inhibition and potential anticancer agents for prostate cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 144:595-611. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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9
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Wu YC, Luo SH, Mei WJ, Cao L, Wu HQ, Wang ZY. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 4-biphenylamino-5-halo-2( 5H )-furanones as potential anticancer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 139:84-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Synthesis of substituted phenanthrene-9-benzimidazole conjugates: Cytotoxicity evaluation and apoptosis inducing studies. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 140:128-140. [PMID: 28923381 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A series of new phenanthrene-9-benzimidazole conjugates has been synthesized by condensing phenanthrene aldehydes with various substituted o-phenylenediamines. The title compounds were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxic potential against various human cancer cell lines like breast (BT-549), prostate (PC-3 and DU145), triple negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-453), and human colon cancer (HCT-116 and HCT-15) cells. Among the tested compounds, 10o displayed significant in vitro cytotoxic activity against PC-3 prostate cancer cells with an IC50 value of 6.32 ± 0.09 μM. Further, the cell cycle analysis indicated that it blocks G2/M phase of the cell cycle in a dose dependent manner. In order to determine the effect of the compound 10o on cell viability; phase contrast microscopy, AO/EB staining, DAPI staining, and DCFDA staining studies were performed. In these studies, apoptotic features were clearly observed indicating that the compound inhibited cell proliferation by apoptosis. JC-1 staining and annexin binding assays indicated the extent of apoptosis in PC-3 cells. Further, relative viscosity measurements and molecular docking studies indicated that these compounds bind to DNA by intercalation.
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Shankaraiah N, Nekkanti S, Brahma UR, Praveen Kumar N, Deshpande N, Prasanna D, Senwar KR, Jaya Lakshmi U. Synthesis of different heterocycles-linked chalcone conjugates as cytotoxic agents and tubulin polymerization inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:4805-4816. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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12
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Kumar NP, Sharma P, Reddy TS, Nekkanti S, Shankaraiah N, Lalita G, Sujanakumari S, Bhargava SK, Naidu V, Kamal A. Synthesis of 2,3,6,7-tetramethoxyphenanthren-9-amine: An efficient precursor to access new 4- aza -2,3-dihydropyridophenanthrenes as apoptosis inducing agents. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 127:305-317. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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13
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Yu X, Che Z, Xu H. Recent Advances in the Chemistry and Biology of Podophyllotoxins. Chemistry 2017; 23:4467-4526. [PMID: 27726183 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Podophyllotoxin and its related aryltetralin cyclolignans belong to a family of important products that exhibit various biological properties (e.g., cytotoxic, insecticidal, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, neurotoxic, immunosuppressive, antirheumatic, antioxidative, antispasmogenic, and hypolipidemic activities). This Review provides a survey of podophyllotoxin and its analogues isolated from plants. In particular, recent developments in the elegant total chemical synthesis, structural modifications, biosynthesis, and biotransformation of podophyllotoxin and its analogues are summarized. Moreover, a deoxypodophyllotoxin-based chemosensor for selective detection of mercury ion is described. In addition to the most active podophyllotoxin derivatives in each series against human cancer cell lines and insect pests listed in the tables, the structure-activity relationships of podophyllotoxin derivatives as cytotoxic and insecticidal agents are also outlined. Future prospects and further developments in this area are covered at the end of the Review. We believe that this Review will provide necessary information for synthetic, medicinal, and pesticidal chemistry researchers who are interested in the chemistry and biology of podophyllotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Yu
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design and Synthesis, College of Plant Protection/Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Zhiping Che
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design and Synthesis, College of Plant Protection/Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
- College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Hui Xu
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design and Synthesis, College of Plant Protection/Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
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14
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Sharma P, Srinivasa Reddy T, Thummuri D, Senwar KR, Praveen Kumar N, Naidu V, Bhargava SK, Shankaraiah N. Synthesis and biological evaluation of new benzimidazole-thiazolidinedione hybrids as potential cytotoxic and apoptosis inducing agents. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 124:608-621. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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15
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Magalhaes LG, Marques FB, da Fonseca MB, Rogério KR, Graebin CS, Andricopulo AD. Discovery of a Series of Acridinones as Mechanism-Based Tubulin Assembly Inhibitors with Anticancer Activity. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160842. [PMID: 27508497 PMCID: PMC4980028 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubules play critical roles in vital cell processes, including cell growth, division, and migration. Microtubule-targeting small molecules are chemotherapeutic agents that are widely used in the treatment of cancer. Many of these compounds are structurally complex natural products (e.g., paclitaxel, vinblastine, and vincristine) with multiple stereogenic centers. Because of the scarcity of their natural sources and the difficulty of their partial or total synthesis, as well as problems related to their bioavailability, toxicity, and resistance, there is an urgent need for novel microtubule binding agents that are effective for treating cancer but do not have these disadvantages. In the present work, our lead discovery effort toward less structurally complex synthetic compounds led to the discovery of a series of acridinones inspired by the structure of podophyllotoxin, a natural product with important microtubule assembly inhibitory activity, as novel mechanism-based tubulin assembly inhibitors with potent anticancer properties and low toxicity. The compounds were evaluated in vitro by wound healing assays employing the metastatic and triple negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. Four compounds with IC50 values between 0.294 and 1.7 μM were identified. These compounds showed selective cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 and DU-145 cancer cell lines and promoted cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase and apoptosis. Consistent with molecular modeling results, the acridinones inhibited tubulin assembly in in vitro polymerization assays with IC50 values between 0.9 and 13 μM. Their binding to the colchicine-binding site of tubulin was confirmed through competitive assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luma G. Magalhaes
- Laboratório de Química Medicinal e Computacional, Centro de Pesquisa e Inovação em Biodiversidade e Fármacos, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, 13563–120, São Carlos-SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando B. Marques
- Laboratório de Diversidade Molecular e Química Medicinal, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 23897–000, Seropédica-RJ, Brazil
| | - Marina B. da Fonseca
- Laboratório de Diversidade Molecular e Química Medicinal, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 23897–000, Seropédica-RJ, Brazil
| | - Kamilla R. Rogério
- Laboratório de Diversidade Molecular e Química Medicinal, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 23897–000, Seropédica-RJ, Brazil
| | - Cedric S. Graebin
- Laboratório de Diversidade Molecular e Química Medicinal, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 23897–000, Seropédica-RJ, Brazil
| | - Adriano D. Andricopulo
- Laboratório de Química Medicinal e Computacional, Centro de Pesquisa e Inovação em Biodiversidade e Fármacos, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, 13563–120, São Carlos-SP, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Han HW, Qiu HY, Hu C, Sun WX, Yang RW, Qi JL, Wang XM, Lu GH, Yang YH. Design, synthesis and anti-cancer activity evaluation of podophyllotoxin-norcantharidin hybrid drugs. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:3237-3242. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.05.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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17
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Advancements in tetronic acid chemistry. Part 2: Use as a simple precursor to privileged heterocyclic motifs. Mol Divers 2016; 20:989-999. [DOI: 10.1007/s11030-016-9683-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Karak M, Barbosa LCA, Acosta JAM, Sarotti AM, Boukouvalas J. Thermodynamically driven, syn-selective vinylogous aldol reaction of tetronamides. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:4897-907. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00895j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A stereoselective vinylogous aldol reaction of N-monosubstituted tetronamides with aldehydes is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milandip Karak
- Department of Chemistry
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte
- Brazil
| | - Luiz C. A. Barbosa
- Department of Chemistry
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte
- Brazil
| | - Jaime A. M. Acosta
- Department of Chemistry
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte
- Brazil
| | - Ariel M. Sarotti
- Instituto de Química Rosario (IQUIR)
- Universidad Nacional de Rosario–CONICET
- S2002LRK Rosario
- Argentina
| | - John Boukouvalas
- Département de Chimie
- Pavillon Alexandre-Vachon
- Université Laval
- Quebec City
- Canada
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Kandil S, Wymant JM, Kariuki BM, Jones AT, McGuigan C, Westwell AD. Novel cis-selective and non-epimerisable C3 hydroxy azapodophyllotoxins targeting microtubules in cancer cells. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 110:311-25. [PMID: 26854430 PMCID: PMC4762250 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Podophyllotoxin (PT) and its clinically used analogues are known to be powerful antitumour agents. These compounds contain a trans fused strained γ-lactone system, a feature that correlates to the process of epimerisation, whereby the trans γ-lactone system of ring D opens and converts to the more thermodynamically stable cis epimer. Since these cis epimers are known to be either less active or lacking antitumour activity, epimerisation is an undesirable feature from a chemotherapeutic point of view. To circumvent this problem, considerable efforts have been reported, amongst which is the synthesis of azapodophyllotoxins where the stereocentres at C2 and C3 are removed in order to preclude epimerisation. Herein we report the identification of a novel C3 hydroxy, cis-selective γ-lactone configuration of ring C in the azapodophyllotoxin scaffold, through an efficient stereoselective multicomponent reaction (MCR) involving fluorinated and non-fluorinated aldehydes. This configuration releases the highly strained trans γ-lactone system in podophyllotoxin analogues into the more thermodynamically stable cis γ-lactone motif and yet retains significantly potent activity. These compounds were evaluated against the human cancer lines MCF-7 and 22Rv1 in vitro. Fourteen out of the seventeen tested compounds exhibited sub-micromolar activity with IC50 values in the range of 0.11-0.91 μM, which is comparable and in some cases better than the activity profile of etoposide in this assay. Interestingly, we obtained strong evidence from spectroscopic and X-ray data analyses that the previously reported structure of similar analogues is not accurate. Molecular modelling performed using the podophyllotoxin binding site on β tubulin revealed a novel binding mode of these analogues. Furthermore, sub-cellular study of our compounds using immunolabelling and confocal microscopy analyses showed strong microtubule disruptive activity, particularly in dividing cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Kandil
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer M Wymant
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Benson M Kariuki
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Arwyn T Jones
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher McGuigan
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew D Westwell
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, Wales, United Kingdom.
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Wang Y, Xu J, Zhang MM, Wang XS. Green Synthesis of Benzo or Cyclopenta[j][1,7]phenanthroline Derivatives in EtOH under Catalyst-free Conditions. J Heterocycl Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials; Jiangsu Normal University; Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials; Jiangsu Normal University; Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Mei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials; Jiangsu Normal University; Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Shan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials; Jiangsu Normal University; Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 People's Republic of China
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Hu MJ, Zhang B, Yang HK, Liu Y, Chen YR, Ma TZ, Lu L, You WW, Zhao PL. Design, Synthesis and Molecular Docking Studies of Novel Indole-Pyrimidine Hybrids as Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitors. Chem Biol Drug Des 2015; 86:1491-500. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Jin Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening; School of Pharmaceutical Science; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening; School of Pharmaceutical Science; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
| | - Hai-Kui Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening; School of Pharmaceutical Science; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
| | - Yang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening; School of Pharmaceutical Science; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
| | - Yu-Rong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening; School of Pharmaceutical Science; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
| | - Tian-Zhu Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening; School of Pharmaceutical Science; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
| | - Ling Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening; School of Pharmaceutical Science; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
| | - Wen-Wei You
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening; School of Pharmaceutical Science; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
| | - Pei-Liang Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening; School of Pharmaceutical Science; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
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22
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Paidakula S, Kankala S, Kankala RK, Juluru B, Jonnalagadda SB, Lee CH, Vadde R, Vasam CS. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 4β-benzoxazolepodophyllotoxin hybrids as DNA topoisomerase-II targeting anticancer agents. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra15366b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of new 4β-benzoxazolepodophyllotoxin compounds (9a–j) were prepared and screened for molecular modelling and cytotoxicity against various human tumour cell lines. Cell apoptosis evaluation was performed using Hoechst staining.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shravankumar Kankala
- Department of Chemistry
- Kakatiya University
- Warangal
- India
- School of Physics and Chemistry
| | - Ranjith kumar Kankala
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology
- National Dong Hwa University
- Hualien
- Taiwan
| | | | | | - Chia-Hung Lee
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology
- National Dong Hwa University
- Hualien
- Taiwan
| | | | - Chandra Sekhar Vasam
- Department of Chemistry
- Satavahana University
- India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Telangana University
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