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Péraldi-Roux S, Bayle M, M'Kadmi C, Damian M, Vaillé J, Fernandez G, Paula Cornejo M, Marie J, Banères JL, Ben Haj Salah K, Fehrentz JA, Cantel S, Perello M, Denoyelle S, Oiry C, Neasta J. Design and Characterization of a Triazole-Based Growth Hormone Secretagogue Receptor Modulator Inhibiting the Glucoregulatory and Feeding Actions of Ghrelin. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 202:115114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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2
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Giorgioni G, Del Bello F, Quaglia W, Botticelli L, Cifani C, Micioni Di Bonaventura E, Micioni Di Bonaventura MV, Piergentili A. Advances in the Development of Nonpeptide Small Molecules Targeting Ghrelin Receptor. J Med Chem 2022; 65:3098-3118. [PMID: 35157454 PMCID: PMC8883476 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c02191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Ghrelin is an octanoylated peptide acting by the activation of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor, namely, GHS-R1a. The involvement of ghrelin in several physiological processes, including stimulation of food intake, gastric emptying, body energy balance, glucose homeostasis, reduction of insulin secretion, and lipogenesis validates the considerable interest in GHS-R1a as a promising target for the treatment of numerous disorders. Over the years, several GHS-R1a ligands have been identified and some of them have been extensively studied in clinical trials. The recently resolved structures of GHS-R1a bound to ghrelin or potent ligands have provided useful information for the design of new GHS-R1a drugs. This perspective is focused on the development of recent nonpeptide small molecules acting as GHS-R1a agonists, antagonists, and inverse agonists, bearing classical or new molecular scaffolds, as well as on radiolabeled GHS-R1a ligands developed for imaging. Moreover, the pharmacological effects of the most studied ligands have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianfabio Giorgioni
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Fabio Del Bello
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Wilma Quaglia
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Luca Botticelli
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacology Unit, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri 9, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Carlo Cifani
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacology Unit, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri 9, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - E Micioni Di Bonaventura
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacology Unit, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri 9, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - M V Micioni Di Bonaventura
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacology Unit, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri 9, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Piergentili
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy
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Ben Haj Salah K, Legrand B, Bibian M, Wenger E, Fehrentz JA, Denoyelle S. Synthesis of [1,2,4]Triazolo[4,3- a]piperazin-6-ones: An Approach to the Triazole-Fused Ketopiperazine Scaffold. Org Lett 2018; 20:3250-3254. [PMID: 29763330 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A stereoconservative synthesis to access the triazole-fused ketopiperazine (TKP) scaffold is presented. This underexplored platform offers a wide range of structural modulations with several points of diversity and chiral centers. A series of [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3- a]piperazin-6-ones was synthesized from optically pure dipeptides. The methodology was then successfully applied to access the pyrrolo[1,2- a]triazolo[3,4- c]piperazin-6-one tricycle. Importantly, the crystal structures of representative TKPs confirmed that the configuration of the chiral centers was controlled during the synthetic route and facilitated description of the orientation of the substituents depending on their nature and position on the TKP scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khoubaib Ben Haj Salah
- IBMM, Université de Montpellier , CNRS, ENSCM, Faculté de Pharmacie , 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5 , France
| | - Baptiste Legrand
- IBMM, Université de Montpellier , CNRS, ENSCM, Faculté de Pharmacie , 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5 , France
| | - Mathieu Bibian
- IBMM, Université de Montpellier , CNRS, ENSCM, Faculté de Pharmacie , 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5 , France
| | - Emmanuel Wenger
- CRM2 (UMR UL-CNRS 7036), Faculté des Sciences et Technologies , Université de Lorraine , 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy , France
| | - Jean-Alain Fehrentz
- IBMM, Université de Montpellier , CNRS, ENSCM, Faculté de Pharmacie , 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5 , France
| | - Séverine Denoyelle
- IBMM, Université de Montpellier , CNRS, ENSCM, Faculté de Pharmacie , 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5 , France
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Torres-Fuentes C, Pastor-Cavada E, Cano R, Kandil D, Shanahan R, Juan R, Shaban H, McGlacken GP, Schellekens H. Quinolones Modulate Ghrelin Receptor Signaling: Potential for a Novel Small Molecule Scaffold in the Treatment of Cachexia. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1605. [PMID: 29848961 PMCID: PMC6032407 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cachexia is a metabolic wasting disorder characterized by progressive weight loss, muscle atrophy, fatigue, weakness, and appetite loss. Cachexia is associated with almost all major chronic illnesses including cancer, heart failure, obstructive pulmonary disease, and kidney disease and significantly impedes treatment outcome and therapy tolerance, reducing physical function and increasing mortality. Current cachexia treatments are limited and new pharmacological strategies are needed. Agonists for the growth hormone secretagogue (GHS-R1a), or ghrelin receptor, prospectively regulate the central regulation of appetite and growth hormone secretion, and therefore have tremendous potential as cachexia therapeutics. Non-peptide GHS-R1a agonists are of particular interest, especially given the high gastrointestinal degradation of peptide-based structures, including that of the endogenous ligand, ghrelin, which has a half-life of only 30 min. However, few compounds have been reported in the literature as non-peptide GHS-R1a agonists. In this paper, we investigate the in vitro potential of quinolone compounds to modulate the GHS-R1a in both transfected human cells and mouse hypothalamic cells. These chemically synthesized compounds demonstrate a promising potential as GHS-R1a agonists, shown by an increased intracellular calcium influx. Further studies are now warranted to substantiate and exploit the potential of these novel quinolone-based compounds as orexigenic therapeutics in conditions of cachexia and other metabolic and eating disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rafael Cano
- School of Chemistry and the Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility (ABCRF), University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland.
| | - Dalia Kandil
- Food for Health Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland.
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland.
| | - Rachel Shanahan
- School of Chemistry and the Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility (ABCRF), University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland.
| | - Rocio Juan
- Plant Biology and Ecology Department, Seville University, 41012 Seville, Spain.
| | - Hamdy Shaban
- Food for Health Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland.
| | - Gerard P McGlacken
- School of Chemistry and the Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility (ABCRF), University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland.
| | - Harriët Schellekens
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland.
- Food for Health Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland.
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland.
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Maingot M, Blayo AL, Denoyelle S, M'Kadmi C, Damian M, Mary S, Gagne D, Sanchez P, Aicher B, Schmidt P, Müller G, Teifel M, Günther E, Marie J, Banères JL, Martinez J, Fehrentz JA. New ligands of the ghrelin receptor based on the 1,2,4-triazole scaffold by introduction of a second chiral center. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:2408-2412. [PMID: 27072910 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Introducing a second chiral center on our previously described 1,2,4-triazole, allowed us to increase diversity and elongate the 'C-terminal part' of the molecule. Therefore, we were able to explore mimics of the substance P analogs described as inverse agonists. Some compounds presented affinities in the nanomolar range and potent biological activities, while one exhibited a partial inverse agonist behavior similar to a Substance P analog.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Maingot
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, BP 14491, Faculté de Pharmacie, bât. E, 3(ème) étage, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Anne-Laure Blayo
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, BP 14491, Faculté de Pharmacie, bât. E, 3(ème) étage, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Séverine Denoyelle
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, BP 14491, Faculté de Pharmacie, bât. E, 3(ème) étage, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Céline M'Kadmi
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, BP 14491, Faculté de Pharmacie, bât. E, 3(ème) étage, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Marjorie Damian
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, BP 14491, Faculté de Pharmacie, bât. E, 3(ème) étage, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Sophie Mary
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, BP 14491, Faculté de Pharmacie, bât. E, 3(ème) étage, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Didier Gagne
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, BP 14491, Faculté de Pharmacie, bât. E, 3(ème) étage, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Pierre Sanchez
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, BP 14491, Faculté de Pharmacie, bât. E, 3(ème) étage, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Babette Aicher
- Æterna Zentaris GmbH, Weismuellerstrasse 50, 60314 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Peter Schmidt
- Æterna Zentaris GmbH, Weismuellerstrasse 50, 60314 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gilbert Müller
- Æterna Zentaris GmbH, Weismuellerstrasse 50, 60314 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Michael Teifel
- Æterna Zentaris GmbH, Weismuellerstrasse 50, 60314 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Eckhard Günther
- Æterna Zentaris GmbH, Weismuellerstrasse 50, 60314 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jacky Marie
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, BP 14491, Faculté de Pharmacie, bât. E, 3(ème) étage, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Jean-Louis Banères
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, BP 14491, Faculté de Pharmacie, bât. E, 3(ème) étage, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Jean Martinez
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, BP 14491, Faculté de Pharmacie, bât. E, 3(ème) étage, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Jean-Alain Fehrentz
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, BP 14491, Faculté de Pharmacie, bât. E, 3(ème) étage, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
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Ferro P, Krotov G, Zvereva I, Rodchenkov G, Segura J. Structure-activity relationship for peptídic growth hormone secretagogues. Drug Test Anal 2016; 9:87-95. [PMID: 26811125 DOI: 10.1002/dta.1947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Growth hormone releasing peptides (GHRPs) could be widely used by cheating athletes because they produce growth hormone (GH) secretion, so may generate an ergogenic effect in the body. Knowledge of the essential amino acids needed in GHRP structure for interaction with the target biological receptor GHSR1a, the absorption through different administration routes, and the maintenance of pharmacological activity of potential biotransformation products may help in the fight against their abuse in sport. Several GHRPs and truncated analogues with the common core Ala-Trp-(D-Phe)-Lys have been studied with a radio-competitive assay for the GHSR1a receptor against the radioactive natural ligand ghrelin. Relevant chemical modifications influencing the activity for positions 1, 2, 3, and 7 based on the structure aa-aa-aa-Ala-Trp-(D-Phe)-Lys have been obtained. To test in vivo the applicability of the activities observed, the receptor assay activity in samples from excretion studies performed after nasal administration of GHRP-1, GHRP-2, GHRP-6, Hexarelin, and Ipamorelin was confirmed. Overall results obtained allow to infer structure-activity information for those GHRPs and to detect GHSR1a binding (intact GHRPs plus active metabolites) in excreted urines. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ferro
- Bioanalysis Research Group, Neuroscience Research Program, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Krotov
- Antidoping Centre, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - J Segura
- Bioanalysis Research Group, Neuroscience Research Program, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
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Synthesis, Crystal Structure, DFT Study and Antifungal Activity of 4-(5-((4-Bromobenzyl) thio)-4-Phenyl-4H-1,2,4-Triazol-3-yl)pyridine. CRYSTALS 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst6010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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