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Rahmatabadi SS, Bashiri H, Soleymani B. A comprehensive review on fructosyl peptide oxidase as an important enzyme for present hemoglobin A1c assays. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2024. [PMID: 39099239 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Glycated proteins are generated by binding of glucose to the proteins in blood stream through a nonenzymatic reaction. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is a glycated protein with glucose at the N-terminal of β-chain. HbA1c is extensively used as an indicator for assessing the blood glucose concentration in diabetes patients. There are different conventional clinical methods for the detection of HbA1c. However, enzymatic detection method has newly obtained great attention for its high precision and cost-effectiveness. Today, fructosyl peptide oxidase (FPOX) plays a key role in the enzymatic measurement of HbA1c, and different companies have marketed HbA1c assay systems based on FPOX. Recent investigations show that FPOX could be used in assaying HbA1 without requiring HbA1c primary digestion. It could also be applied as a biosensor for HbA1c detection. In this review, we have discussed the recent improvements of FPOX properties, different methods of FPOX purification, solubility, and immobilization, and also the use of FPOX in HbA1c biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Soheil Rahmatabadi
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hoda Bashiri
- Department of Plant Production Engineering and Genetics, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Bijan Soleymani
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Salomón-Flores MK, Valdes-García J, Viviano-Posadas AO, Martínez-Otero D, Barroso-Flores J, Bazany-Rodríguez IJ, Dorazco-González A. Molecular two-point recognition of fructosyl valine and fructosyl glycyl histidine in water by fluorescent Zn(II)-terpyridine complexes bearing boronic acids. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:8692-8708. [PMID: 38700377 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00260a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Selective recognition of fructosyl amino acids in water by arylboronic acid-based receptors is a central field of modern supramolecular chemistry that impacts biological and medicinal chemistry. Fructosyl valine (FV) and fructosyl glycyl histidine (FGH) occur as N-terminal moieties of human glycated hemoglobin; therefore, the molecular design of biomimetic receptors is an attractive, but very challenging goal. Herein, we report three novel cationic Zn-terpyridine complexes bearing a fluorescent N-quinolinium nucleus covalently linked to three different isomers of strongly acidified phenylboronic acids (ortho-, 2Zn; meta-, 3Zn and para-, 4Zn) for the optical recognition of FV, FGH and comparative analytes (D-fructose, Gly, Val and His) in pure water at physiological pH. The complexes were designed to act as fluorescent receptors using a cooperative action of boric acid and a metal chelate. Complex 3Zn was found to display the most acidic -B(OH)2 group (pKa = 6.98) and exceptionally tight affinity for FV (K = 1.43 × 105 M-1) with a strong quenching analytical response in the micromolar concentration range. The addition of fructose and the other amino acids only induced moderate optical changes. On the basis of several spectroscopic tools (1H, 11B NMR, UV-Vis, and fluorescence titrations), ESI mass spectrometry, X-ray crystal structure, and DFT calculations, the interaction mode between 3Zn and FV is proposed in a 1 : 1 model through a cooperative two-point recognition involving a sp3 boronate-diol esterification with simultaneous coordination bonding of the carboxylate group of Val to the Zn atom. Fluorescence quenching is attributed to a static complexation photoinduced electron transfer mechanism as evidenced by lifetime experiments. The addition of FGH to 3Zn notably enhanced its emission intensity with micromolar affinity, but with a lower apparent binding constant than that observed for FV. FGH interacts with 3Zn through boronate-diol complexation and coordination of the imidazole ring of His. DFT-optimized structures of complexes 3Zn-FV and 3Zn-FGH show a picture of binding which shows that the Zn-complex has a suitable (B⋯Zn) distance to the two-point recognition with these analytes. Molecular recognition of fructosyl amino acids by transition-metal-based receptors has not been explored until now.
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Affiliation(s)
- María K Salomón-Flores
- Institute of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, CDMX, Mexico.
| | - Josue Valdes-García
- Institute of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, CDMX, Mexico.
| | - Alejandro O Viviano-Posadas
- Institute of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, CDMX, Mexico.
| | - Diego Martínez-Otero
- Institute of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, CDMX, Mexico.
- Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable, UAEM-UNAM, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco Km 14.5, C. P. 50200, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Joaquín Barroso-Flores
- Institute of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, CDMX, Mexico.
- Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable, UAEM-UNAM, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco Km 14.5, C. P. 50200, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Iván J Bazany-Rodríguez
- Institute of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, CDMX, Mexico.
| | - Alejandro Dorazco-González
- Institute of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, CDMX, Mexico.
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Shahbazmohammadi H, Sardari S, Lari A, Omidinia E. Engineering an efficient mutant of Eupenicillium terrenum fructosyl peptide oxidase for the specific determination of hemoglobin A1c. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:1725-1735. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9529-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Sasaki R, Tanabe Y. Chiral syntheses of methyl (R)-2-Sulfanylcarboxylic esters and acids with optical purity determination using HPLC. Chirality 2018; 30:816-827. [PMID: 29659053 DOI: 10.1002/chir.22860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Accessible chiral syntheses of 3 types of (R)-2-sulfanylcarboxylic esters and acids were performed: (R)-2-sulfanylpropanoic (thiolactic) ester (53%, 98%ee) and acid (39%, 96%ee), (R)-2-sulfanylsucciinic diester (59%, 96%ee), and (R)-2-mandelic ester (78%, 90%ee) and acid (59%, 96%ee). The present practical and robust method involves (i) clean SN 2 displacement of methanesulfonates of (S)-2-hydroxyesters by using commercially available AcSK with tris(2-[2-methoxyethoxy])ethylamine and (ii) sufficiently mild deacetylation. The optical purity was determined by the corresponding (2R,5R)-trans-thiazolidin-4-one and (2S,5R)-cis-thiazolidin-4-one derivatives based on accurate high-performance liquid chromatography analysis with high-resolution efficiency. Compared with the reported method utilizing AcSCs (generated from AcSH and CsCO3 ), the present method has several advantages, that is, the use of odorless AcCOSK reagent, reasonable reaction velocity, isolation procedure, and accurate, reliable optical purity determination. The use of accessible AcSK has advantages because of easy-to-handle odorless and hygroscopic solid that can be used in a bench-top procedure. The Ti(OiPr)4 catalyst promoted smooth trans-cyclo-condensation to afford (2R,5R)-trans-thiazolidin-4-one formation of (R)-2-sulfanylcarboxylic esters with available N-(benzylidene)methylamine under neutral conditions without any racemization, whereas (2S,5R)-cis-thiazollidin-4-ones were obtained via cis-cyclo-condensation and no catalysts. Direct high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of methyl (R)-mandelate was also performed; however, the resolution efficiency was inferior to that of the thaizolidin-4-one derivatizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Sasaki
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science & Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Japan
| | - Yoo Tanabe
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science & Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Japan
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MacArthur NS, Jakobsche CE. 6-Hydroxynorleucine: Syntheses and Applications of a Versatile Building Block. ORG PREP PROCED INT 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00304948.2017.1380492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Charles E. Jakobsche
- Carlson School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Clark University, Worcester, MA 01610
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