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Gribble GW. Naturally Occurring Organohalogen Compounds-A Comprehensive Review. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 121:1-546. [PMID: 37488466 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-26629-4_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The present volume is the third in a trilogy that documents naturally occurring organohalogen compounds, bringing the total number-from fewer than 25 in 1968-to approximately 8000 compounds to date. Nearly all of these natural products contain chlorine or bromine, with a few containing iodine and, fewer still, fluorine. Produced by ubiquitous marine (algae, sponges, corals, bryozoa, nudibranchs, fungi, bacteria) and terrestrial organisms (plants, fungi, bacteria, insects, higher animals) and universal abiotic processes (volcanos, forest fires, geothermal events), organohalogens pervade the global ecosystem. Newly identified extraterrestrial sources are also documented. In addition to chemical structures, biological activity, biohalogenation, biodegradation, natural function, and future outlook are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon W Gribble
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA.
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2
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Lever J, Brkljača R, Rix C, Urban S. Application of Networking Approaches to Assess the Chemical Diversity, Biogeography, and Pharmaceutical Potential of Verongiida Natural Products. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:582. [PMID: 34677481 PMCID: PMC8539549 DOI: 10.3390/md19100582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study provides a review of all isolated natural products (NPs) reported for sponges within the order Verongiida (1960 to May 2020) and includes a comprehensive compilation of their geographic and physico-chemical parameters. Physico-chemical parameters were used in this study to infer pharmacokinetic properties as well as the potential pharmaceutical potential of NPs from this order of marine sponge. In addition, a network analysis for the NPs produced by the Verongiida sponges was applied to systematically explore the chemical space relationships between taxonomy, secondary metabolite and drug score variables, allowing for the identification of differences and correlations within a dataset. The use of scaffold networks as well as bipartite relationship networks provided a platform to explore chemical diversity as well as the use of chemical similarity networks to link pharmacokinetic properties with structural similarity. This study paves the way for future applications of network analysis procedures in the field of natural products for any order or family.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Lever
- School of Science (Applied Chemistry and Environmental Sciences), RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia; (J.L.); (C.R.)
| | - Robert Brkljača
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia;
| | - Colin Rix
- School of Science (Applied Chemistry and Environmental Sciences), RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia; (J.L.); (C.R.)
| | - Sylvia Urban
- School of Science (Applied Chemistry and Environmental Sciences), RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia; (J.L.); (C.R.)
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Marine Pharmacology in 2014-2015: Marine Compounds with Antibacterial, Antidiabetic, Antifungal, Anti-Inflammatory, Antiprotozoal, Antituberculosis, Antiviral, and Anthelmintic Activities; Affecting the Immune and Nervous Systems, and Other Miscellaneous Mechanisms of Action. Mar Drugs 2019; 18:md18010005. [PMID: 31861527 PMCID: PMC7024264 DOI: 10.3390/md18010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The systematic review of the marine pharmacology literature from 2014 to 2015 was completed in a manner consistent with the 1998-2013 reviews of this series. Research in marine pharmacology during 2014-2015, which was reported by investigators in 43 countries, described novel findings on the preclinical pharmacology of 301 marine compounds. These observations included antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis, antiviral, and anthelmintic pharmacological activities for 133 marine natural products, 85 marine compounds with antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities, as well as those that affected the immune and nervous system, and 83 marine compounds that displayed miscellaneous mechanisms of action, and may probably contribute to novel pharmacological classes upon further research. Thus, in 2014-2015, the preclinical marine natural product pharmacology pipeline provided novel pharmacology as well as new lead compounds for the clinical marine pharmaceutical pipeline, and thus continued to contribute to ongoing global research for alternative therapeutic approaches to many disease categories.
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Paudel P, Seong SH, Zhou Y, Park HJ, Jung HA, Choi JS. Anti-Alzheimer's Disease Activity of Bromophenols from a Red Alga, Symphyocladia latiuscula (Harvey) Yamada. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:12259-12270. [PMID: 31460342 PMCID: PMC6682041 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Symphyocladia latiuscula (Harvey) Yamada is a red alga with a myriad of bromophenols accompanied by a diverse array of biological activities. The main purpose of the present study was to characterize the anti-Alzheimer's disease activity of bromophenols from S. latiuscula via inhibition of cholinesterases (AChE and BChE), β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β). The results of enzyme inhibition assays demonstrated 2,3,6-tribromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl alcohol (1), 2,3,6-tribromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl methyl ether (2), and bis-(2,3,6-tribromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl) ether (3) as potent inhibitors of aforementioned enzymes. Among the tested bromophenols, 3 showed multifold higher inhibition of all of the tested enzymes. Enzyme kinetics revealed different modes of inhibition, and in silico molecular docking simulation demonstrated the importance of the 7-OH group and bromine number for H-bond and halogen-bond interactions, respectively. Similarly, 1-3 at 20 μM concentration showed more than 50% inhibition of self-induced Aβ25-35 aggregation. These results suggest that bromophenols from S. latiuscula, especially highly brominated (3), may represent a novel class of anti-Alzheimer's disease drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Paudel
- Department
of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National
University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Hui Seong
- Department
of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National
University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Yajuan Zhou
- Department
of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National
University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Park
- Department
of Food Science and Nutrition, Changshin
University, Gyeongsangnam-do, Changwon 51352, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ah Jung
- Department
of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Chonbuk
National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
- E-mail: . Tel.: +82-63-270-4882. Fax: +82-63-270-3854 (H.A.J.)
| | - Jae Sue Choi
- Department
of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National
University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
- E-mail: . Tel.: +82-51-629-5845. Fax: +82-51-629-5842 (J.S.C.)
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Anti-Diabetic Activity of 2,3,6-Tribromo-4,5-Dihydroxybenzyl Derivatives from Symphyocladia latiuscula through PTP1B Downregulation and α-Glucosidase Inhibition. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17030166. [PMID: 30875760 PMCID: PMC6471218 DOI: 10.3390/md17030166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The marine alga, Symphyocladia latiuscula (Harvey) Yamada, is a good source of bromophenols with numerous biological activities. This study aims to characterize the anti-diabetic potential of 2,3,6-tribromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl derivatives isolated from S. latiuscula via their inhibition of tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and α-glucosidase. Additionally, this study uses in silico modeling and glucose uptake potential analysis in insulin-resistant (IR) HepG2 cells to reveal the mechanism of anti-diabetic activity. This bioassay-guided isolation led to the discovery of three potent bromophenols that act against PTP1B and α-glucosidase: 2,3,6-tribromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl alcohol (1), 2,3,6-tribromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl methyl ether (2), and bis-(2,3,6-tribromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl methyl ether) (3). All compounds inhibited the target enzymes by 50% at concentrations below 10 μM. The activity of 1 and 2 was comparable to ursolic acid (IC50; 8.66 ± 0.82 μM); however, 3 was more potent (IC50; 5.29 ± 0.08 μM) against PTP1B. Interestingly, the activity of 1–3 against α-glucosidase was 30–110 times higher than acarbose (IC50; 212.66 ± 0.35 μM). Again, 3 was the most potent α-glucosidase inhibitor (IC50; 1.92 ± 0.02 μM). Similarly, 1–3 showed concentration-dependent glucose uptake in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells and downregulated PTP1B expression. Enzyme kinetics revealed different modes of inhibition. In silico molecular docking simulations demonstrated the importance of the 7–OH group for H-bond formation and bromine/phenyl ring number for halogen-bond interactions. These results suggest that bromophenols from S. latiuscula, especially highly brominated 3, are inhibitors of PTP1B and α-glucosidase, enhance insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake, and may represent a novel class of anti-diabetic drugs.
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Sun Z, Xu H. Ryanodine Receptors for Drugs and Insecticides: An Overview. Mini Rev Med Chem 2018; 19:22-33. [DOI: 10.2174/1389557518666180330112908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ryanodine receptors (RyRs) are calcium channels located on the endo(sarco)plasmic reticulum
of muscle cells and neurons. They regulate the release of stored intracellular calcium and play a
critical role in muscle contraction. The N-terminal part of these receptors accounts for roughly 80%
and contains the binding sites for diverse RyRs modulators. The C-terminal domain contains the
transmembrane region. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the molecular biology of
insect RyRs, chemicals targeting mammal or insect RyRs, and the reasons for mammal RyR-related
diseases and diamides resistances. It may lay the foundation for effective management of mammal
RyR-related diseases and diamides resistances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Sun
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design & Synthesis, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design & Synthesis, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
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Abstract
Covering: 2015. Previous review: Nat. Prod. Rep., 2016, 33, 382-431This review covers the literature published in 2015 for marine natural products (MNPs), with 1220 citations (792 for the period January to December 2015) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green, brown and red algae, sponges, cnidarians, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates, echinoderms, mangroves and other intertidal plants and microorganisms. The emphasis is on new compounds (1340 in 429 papers for 2015), together with the relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Reviews, biosynthetic studies, first syntheses, and syntheses that lead to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Blunt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
| | - Brent R Copp
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Robert A Keyzers
- Centre for Biodiscovery, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Murray H G Munro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
| | - Michèle R Prinsep
- Chemistry, School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
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