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Ostroumova OS, Efimova SS. Lipid-Centric Approaches in Combating Infectious Diseases: Antibacterials, Antifungals and Antivirals with Lipid-Associated Mechanisms of Action. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1716. [PMID: 38136750 PMCID: PMC10741038 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12121716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the global challenges of the 21st century is the increase in mortality from infectious diseases against the backdrop of the spread of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic microorganisms. In this regard, it is worth targeting antibacterials towards the membranes of pathogens that are quite conservative and not amenable to elimination. This review is an attempt to critically analyze the possibilities of targeting antimicrobial agents towards enzymes involved in pathogen lipid biosynthesis or towards bacterial, fungal, and viral lipid membranes, to increase the permeability via pore formation and to modulate the membranes' properties in a manner that makes them incompatible with the pathogen's life cycle. This review discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each approach in the search for highly effective but nontoxic antimicrobial agents. Examples of compounds with a proven molecular mechanism of action are presented, and the types of the most promising pharmacophores for further research and the improvement of the characteristics of antibiotics are discussed. The strategies that pathogens use for survival in terms of modulating the lipid composition and physical properties of the membrane, achieving a balance between resistance to antibiotics and the ability to facilitate all necessary transport and signaling processes, are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga S. Ostroumova
- Laboratory of Membrane and Ion Channel Modeling, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia;
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2
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Pinheiro PDSM, Franco LS, Fraga CAM. The Magic Methyl and Its Tricks in Drug Discovery and Development. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1157. [PMID: 37631072 PMCID: PMC10457765 DOI: 10.3390/ph16081157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the key scientific aspects of small-molecule drug discovery and development is the analysis of the relationship between its chemical structure and biological activity. Understanding the effects that lead to significant changes in biological activity is of paramount importance for the rational design and optimization of bioactive molecules. The "methylation effect", or the "magic methyl" effect, is a factor that stands out due to the number of examples that demonstrate profound changes in either pharmacodynamic or pharmacokinetic properties. In many cases, this has been carried out rationally, but in others it has been the product of serendipitous observations. This paper summarizes recent examples that provide an overview of the current state of the art and contribute to a better understanding of the methylation effect in bioactive small-molecule drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro de Sena Murteira Pinheiro
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil; (P.d.S.M.P.); (L.S.F.)
| | - Lucas Silva Franco
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil; (P.d.S.M.P.); (L.S.F.)
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Fármacos e Medicamentos (INCT-INOFAR), CCS, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Manssour Fraga
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil; (P.d.S.M.P.); (L.S.F.)
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Fármacos e Medicamentos (INCT-INOFAR), CCS, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil
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Singha S, Thomas R, Kumar A, Bharadwaj D, Vishwakarma JN, Gupta VK. Presence of potent inhibitors of bacterial biofilm associated proteins is the key to Citrus limon's antibiofilm activity against pathogenic Escherichia coli. BIOFOULING 2023; 39:171-188. [PMID: 37057638 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2023.2199934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In an era of antibiotic resistance where natural antibiotic substitutes are considered essential, the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of Citrus limon extract on strains of pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from pork were evaluated. The strains which form biofilms were more resistant (MIC50 = 2.5 mgml-1) compared to non-biofilm forming strains (MIC50 = 1.25 mgml-1). Use of C. limon extract at 20 mgml-1 concentration has resulted in inhibition of biofilm formation by 53.96%. Cyclobarbital, 5, 8-dimethoxycumarin, orotic acid and 3-methylsalicylhydrazide were the major phytochemicals in C. limon extract with highest docking affinities against the biofilm associated proteins in E. coli. The results of simulation studies have clearly illustrated the energy stability of the protein-ligand complexes. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) profiles revealed that the phytochemicals in C. limon could be used in the drug design studies to preferentially target the specific receptors to combat biofilms associated with E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songeeta Singha
- Food Quality Control Laboratory, ICAR-National Research Centre on Pig, Assam, Guwahati, India
| | - Rajendran Thomas
- Food Quality Control Laboratory, ICAR-National Research Centre on Pig, Assam, Guwahati, India
| | - Abinash Kumar
- Food Quality Control Laboratory, ICAR-National Research Centre on Pig, Assam, Guwahati, India
| | - Devarshi Bharadwaj
- Food Quality Control Laboratory, ICAR-National Research Centre on Pig, Assam, Guwahati, India
| | | | - Vivek Kumar Gupta
- Food Quality Control Laboratory, ICAR-National Research Centre on Pig, Assam, Guwahati, India
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Synthesis of N- and S-substituted arylglyoximes via transformations of 4-arylfuroxans. Russ Chem Bull 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-022-3585-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Angelova VT, Pencheva T, Vassilev N, K-Yovkova E, Mihaylova R, Petrov B, Valcheva V. Development of New Antimycobacterial Sulfonyl Hydrazones and 4-Methyl-1,2,3-thiadiazole-Based Hydrazone Derivatives. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11050562. [PMID: 35625207 PMCID: PMC9137698 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11050562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Fifteen 4-methyl-1,2,3-thiadiazole-based hydrazone derivatives 3a–d and sulfonyl hydrazones 5a–k were synthesized. They were characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS. Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37Rv was used to assess their antimycobacterial activity. All compounds demonstrated significant minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) from 0.07 to 0.32 µM, comparable to those of isoniazid. The cytotoxicity was evaluated using the standard MTT-dye reduction test against human embryonic kidney cells HEK-293T and mouse fibroblast cell line CCL-1. 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl substituted 1,2,3-thiadiazole-based hydrazone derivative 3d demonstrated the highest antimycobacterial activity (MIC = 0.0730 µM) and minimal associated cytotoxicity against two normal cell lines (selectivity index SI = 3516, HEK-293, and SI = 2979, CCL-1). The next in order were sulfonyl hydrazones 5g and 5k with MIC 0.0763 and 0.0716 µM, respectively, which demonstrated comparable minimal cytotoxicity. All compounds were subjected to ADME/Tox computational predictions, which showed that all compounds corresponded to Lipinski’s Ro5, and none were at risk of toxicity. The suitable scores of molecular docking performed on two crystallographic structures of enoyl-ACP reductase (InhA) provide promising insight into possible interaction with the InhA receptor. The 4-methyl-1,2,3-thiadiazole-based hydrazone derivatives and sulfonyl hydrazones proved to be new classes of lead compounds having the potential of novel candidate antituberculosis drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violina T. Angelova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria;
- Correspondence: or (V.T.A.); (V.V.)
| | - Tania Pencheva
- Department of QSAR and Molecular Modeling, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Nikolay Vassilev
- Laboratory “Nuclear Magnetic Resonance”, Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Elena K-Yovkova
- Faculty of Computer Systems and Technologies, Technical University, 1756 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Rositsa Mihaylova
- Laboratory “Drug Metabolism and Drug Toxicity”, Department “Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology”, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Boris Petrov
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Violeta Valcheva
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Mycobacteria, Department of Infectious Microbiology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Correspondence: or (V.T.A.); (V.V.)
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Shinde R, Suvarna V. Fatty Acid Biosynthesis: An Updated Review on KAS Inhibitors. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2022; 19:e110122200137. [PMID: 35021976 DOI: 10.2174/1570163819666220111113032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Since the early twentieth century, with the isolation of penicillin and streptomycin in the 1940s, the modern era of anti-infective drug development has gained momentum. Due to the enormous success of early drug discovery, many infectious diseases were successfully prevented and eradicated. However, this initial hope was wrongheaded, and pathogens evolved as a significant threat to human health. Drug resistance develops as a result of natural selection's relentless pressure, necessitating the identification of new drug targets and the creation of chemotherapeutics that bypass existing drug resistance mechanisms. Fatty acid biosynthesis (FAS) is a crucial metabolic mechanism for bacteria during their growth and development. Several crucial enzymes involved in this biosynthetic pathway have been identified as potential targets for new antibacterial agents. In Escherichia coli (E. coli), this pathway has been extensively investigated. The present review focuses on progress in the development of Kas A, Kas B, and Fab H inhibitors as mono-therapeutic antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rani Shinde
- Department of Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai University, Mumbai, India
| | - Vasanti Suvarna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai University, Mumbai, India
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The bioactivity of benzenesulfonyl hydrazones: A short review. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111851. [PMID: 34229246 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis and biological activity evaluation of benzenesulfonyl hydrazones is quite frequently encountered in scientific literature. This class of compounds is very interesting due to the wide spectrum of potential applications in the field of medicinal chemistry. The benzenesulfonyl hydrazones possess mainly antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, antidepressant properties, activity against Alzheimer's disease, insecticidal activity and ability to inhibit the activity of enzymes. This review is an attempt to gather the literature findings on the most promising bioactive benzenesulfonyl hydrazones.
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Sanz CG, Dias KA, Bacil RP, Serafim RA, Andrade LH, Ferreira EI, Serrano SH. Electrochemical characterization of para- and meta-nitro substituents in aqueous media of new antichagasic pharmaceutical leaders. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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Huang K, Xu H, Chen C, Shi F, Wang F, Li J, Hu S. A novel dual crosslinked polysaccharide hydrogel with self-healing and stretchable properties. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00936b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We synthesized oxidatively modified acetoacetyl cellulose OCAA, and then a double-network polysaccharide complex hydrogel was prepared. The hydrogel exhibited very good mechanical strength, self-healing behavior, and good biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Huang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Peoples R China
| | - Haotian Xu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Peoples R China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Peoples R China
| | - Fengna Shi
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Peoples R China
| | - Fang Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Peoples R China
- Jiangsu Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agricultural and Forest Biomass, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Peoples R China
| | - Jiarui Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Peoples R China
| | - Sheng Hu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Peoples R China
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10
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Antiplasmodial activity of sulfonylhydrazones: in vitro and in silico approaches. Future Med Chem 2020; 13:233-250. [PMID: 33295837 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2020-0229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria is still a life-threatening public health issue, and the upsurge of resistant strains requires continuous generation of active molecules. In this work, 35 sulfonylhydrazone derivatives were synthesized and evaluated against Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine-sensitive (3D7) and resistant (W2) strains. The most promising compound, 5b, had an IC50 of 0.22 μM against W2 and was less cytotoxic and 26-fold more selective than chloroquine. The structure-activity relationship model, statistical analysis and molecular modeling studies suggested that antiplasmodial activity was related to hydrogen bond acceptor count, molecular weight and partition coefficient of octanol/water and displacement of frontier orbitals to the heteroaromatic ring beside the imine bond. This study demonstrates that the synthesized molecules with a simple scaffold allow the hit-to-lead process for new antimalarials to commence.
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Zhilin ES, Polkovnichenko MS, Ananyev IV, Fershtat LL, Makhova NN. Novel Arylazo‐1,2,5‐oxadiazole Photoswitches: Synthesis, Photoisomerization and Nitric Oxide Releasing Properties. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202000157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Egor S. Zhilin
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences Moskva 119991 Leninsky Prospect, 47 Moscow Russia
| | - Michael S. Polkovnichenko
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences Moskva 119991 Leninsky Prospect, 47 Moscow Russia
- Department of Chemistry M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University Moskva 119991 Leninskie Gory 1–3 Moscow Russia
| | - Ivan V. Ananyev
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences Moskva 119991 Vavilova str., 28 Moscow Russia
| | - Leonid L. Fershtat
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences Moskva 119991 Leninsky Prospect, 47 Moscow Russia
| | - Nina N. Makhova
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences Moskva 119991 Leninsky Prospect, 47 Moscow Russia
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12
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Teslenko FE, Churakov AI, Larin AA, Ananyev IV, Fershtat LL, Makhova NN. Route to 1,2,4- and 1,2,5-oxadiazole ring assemblies via a one-pot condensation/oxidation protocol. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.151678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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13
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Reddyrajula R, Dalimba U. The bioisosteric modification of pyrazinamide derivatives led to potent antitubercular agents: Synthesis via click approach and molecular docking of pyrazine-1,2,3-triazoles. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:126846. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.126846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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14
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A Green Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of N-Arylsulfonylhydrazone Compounds. HETEROCYCL COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/hc-2019-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractA green method has been developed for the synthesis of N-arylsulfonylhydrazones via a simple grindstone procedure. By grinding mixtures of benzensulfonyl hydrazides and a series of aryl aldehydes or ketones in the mortar using L-tyrosine as catalyst, 24 N-arylsulfonylhydrazones were synthesized in a few minutes with high yield. All compounds were screened for their antibacterial activities. Most of them exhibit some antibacterial activities especially for 3d, 3l and 3v showing high activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
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Fernandes TB, Cunha MR, Sakata RP, Candido TM, Baby AR, Tavares MT, Barbosa EG, Almeida WP, Parise-Filho R. Synthesis, Molecular Modeling, and Evaluation of Novel Sulfonylhydrazones as Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors for Alzheimer's Disease. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2017; 350. [PMID: 28940630 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201700163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia and related to the degeneration of hippocampal cholinergic neurons, which dramatically affects cognitive ability. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors are employed as drugs for AD therapy. Three series of sulfonylhydrazone compounds were designed, and their ability to inhibit AChE was evaluated. Fifteen compounds were synthesized and twelve of them had IC50 values of 0.64-51.09 μM. The preliminary structure-activity relationships indicated that the methylcatechol moiety and arylsulfonyl substituents generated better compounds than both the benzodioxole and alkylsulfonyl chains. Molecular dynamics studies of compound 6d showed that the interaction with the peripheral binding site of AChE was similar to donepezil, which may explain its low IC50 (0.64 μM). Furthermore, the drug-likeness of 6d suggests that the compound may have appropriate oral absorption and brain penetration. Compound 6d also presented antiradical activity and was not cytotoxic to LL24 cells, suggesting that this compound might be considered safe. Our findings indicate that arylsulfonylhydrazones may be a promising scaffold for the design of new drug candidates for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais B Fernandes
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Micael R Cunha
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata P Sakata
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Thalita M Candido
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André R Baby
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maurício T Tavares
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Euzébio G Barbosa
- Health Sciences Centre, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Wanda P Almeida
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Roberto Parise-Filho
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Ratiu IA, Ligor T, Bocos-Bintintan V, Al-Suod H, Kowalkowski T, Rafińska K, Buszewski B. The effect of growth medium on an Escherichia coli pathway mirrored into GC/MS profiles. J Breath Res 2017. [PMID: 28649963 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/aa7ba2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a Gram-negative coliform bacterium that is commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms. Most of the strains are harmless but some serotypes are pathogenic, meaning they can cause illness, either diarrhea or illness outside the intestinal tract. The aim of this work is to assess which components are generated for the purpose of E. coli target analysis. In this study, we intend to emphasize the importance of cultivability and to prove that growth media plays a crucial role in bacteria growth. To do this, E. coli was cultivated in three different growth mediums: (a) trypcase soy broth (TSB), (b) Mueller Hinton (MH), and (c) minimal salts (M9) enriched with glucose, respectively. Solid phase micro extraction was used as a sampling method, followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for subsequent analysis. The relevant microbial volatile organic compounds (MVOCs) released in the headspace over the cultures of the E. coli bacteria and the afferent metabolic processes that occur in order to generate these compounds are presented in this work. The characteristic volatile compounds found in E. coli strain emissions were indole, phenylethyl alcohol and a series of esters when it was grown in TSB. Different pyrazines were found (pyrazine, 2-ethyl-3,5-dimethyl-, pyrazine, 2,5-dimethyl- and pyrazine, trimethyl-) when it was cultivated in MH. Long-chain alcohols such as 2-pentadecanol, 9-tetradecen-1-ol and 11-hexadecenol occurred in M9. Dimethyl disulfide, dimethyl trisulfide and a consistent number of alcohols and ketones were observed for E. coli cultivated in all three growth mediums. The occurrence and biosynthesis of these MVOCs clearly denote that the growth media used plays a crucial role in bacterial cultivation. The biomarker chemicals documented from this work may ultimately be used to identify bacterial infections by analyzing exhaled breath.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ileana-Andreea Ratiu
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Modern Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 4 Wileńska Str., 87-100 Torun, Poland. Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Babeş Bolyai University, Fântânele 30, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Fershtat LL, Makhova NN. Molecular Hybridization Tools in the Development of Furoxan-Based NO-Donor Prodrugs. ChemMedChem 2017; 12:622-638. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonid L. Fershtat
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; Leninsky Prosp. 47 Moscow 119991 Russian Federation
| | - Nina N. Makhova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; Leninsky Prosp. 47 Moscow 119991 Russian Federation
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18
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Lee JY, Jeong MC, Jeon D, Lee Y, Lee WC, Kim Y. Structure-activity relationship-based screening of antibiotics against Gram-negative Acinetobacter baumannii. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 25:372-380. [PMID: 27840136 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
To discover potent antibiotics against the Gram-negative bacteria, we performed a structure-activity relationship (SAR) study of YKsa-6, which was the most potent inhibitor of Staphylococcus aureus β-ketoacyl acyl carrier protein III in our previous study. We identified and selected 11 candidates, and finally screened two active compounds, YKab-4 (4-[(3-chloro-4-methylphenyl)aminoiminomethyl]benzene-1,3-diol) and YKab-6 (4-[[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]aminoiminomethyl]phenol) as inhibitors of Acinetobacter baumannii KAS III (abKAS III). They showed potent antimicrobial activities at 2 or 8 μg/mL, specifically against Acinetobacter baumannii and a strong binding affinity for abKAS III. From the homology modeling, we defined the three-dimensional (3D) structure of abKAS III for the first time and found that it had an extra loop region compared with common Gram-negative bacteria derived KAS IIIs. The docking study revealed that the hydroxyl groups of inhibitors formed extensive hydrogen bonds and the complicated hydrophobic and cation-stacking interactions are important to binding with abKAS III. We confirmed that the hydrophobicity of these compounds might be the essential factor for their antimicrobial activities against Gram-negative bacteria as well as their structural rigidity, a cooperative feature for retaining the hydrophobic interactions between abKAS III and its inhibitors. This study may provide an insight developing strategies for potent antibiotics against A. baumannii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee-Young Lee
- In silico Molecular Design Team, Chemical Occasion by Modeling Alchemy (CheOMA), Anyang-si 14067, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Cheol Jeong
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Dasom Jeon
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongjun Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Cheol Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yangmee Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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