Penicillospirone from a marine isolate of Penicillium sp. (SF-5292) with anti-inflammatory activity

Iridoids from Patrinia heterophylla and their anti-inflammatory activity

A phytochemical investigation led to the isolation of five undescribed compounds (1-5) from the methanol extract of the rhizomes and roots of Patrinia heterophylla. The structures and configurations of these compounds were characterized by HRESIMS, ECD, and NMR data analyses. These compounds were assayed for their anti-inflammatory potential using LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells, of which compound 4 showed strong nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory effects with an IC₅₀ of 6.48 μM. The potential anti-inflammatory mechanism was examined utilizing Western blotting and molecular docking. Further in vivo anti-inflammatory experiments revealed that compound 4 inhibited the production of NO and reactive oxygen species in the zebrafish model.

Research Progress in Anti-Inflammatory Bioactive Substances Derived from Marine Microorganisms, Sponges, Algae, and Corals

Inflammation is the body's defense reaction in response to stimulations and is the basis of various physiological and pathological processes. However, chronic inflammation is undesirable and closely related to the occurrence and development of diseases. The ocean gives birth to unique and diverse bioactive substances, which have gained special attention and been a focus for anti-inflammatory drug development. So far, numerous promising bioactive substances have been obtained from various marine organisms such as marine bacteria and fungi, sponges, algae, and coral. This review covers 71 bioactive substances described during 2015-2020, including the structures (65 of which), species sources, evaluation models and anti-inflammatory activities of these substances. This review aims to provide some reference for the research progress of marine-organism-derived anti-inflammatory metabolites and give more research impetus for their conversion to novel anti-inflammatory drugs.

2-Oxaspiro[4.5]decane and α-pyrenocine derivatives from the endophytic fungus Roussoella sp. PSU-H51

One new 2-oxaspiro[4.5]decane, roussoellide, and one new α-pyrenocine, 2',3'-dihydropyrenocine A, together with nine known compounds including known arthropsolide A, and pyrenocines A and E, were obtained from the culture broth of the endophytic fungus Roussoella sp. Their structures were determined using spectroscopic data. The absolute configuration of known arthropsolide A was assigned on the basis of X-ray diffraction data using Cu Kα radiation. Known pyrenocine A displayed weak cytotoxic activity against breast cancer (MCF-7) cells with an IC₅₀ value of 27.1 µM and weak antifungal activity against Microsporum gypseum SH-MU-4 with an MIC value of 615.2 µM.

Marine natural products

Covering: January to December 2017This review covers the literature published in 2017 for marine natural products (MNPs), with 740 citations (723 for the period January to December 2017) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green, brown and red algae, sponges, cnidarians, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates, echinoderms, mangroves and other intertidal plants and microorganisms. The emphasis is on new compounds (1490 in 477 papers for 2017), together with the relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Reviews, biosynthetic studies, first syntheses, and syntheses that led to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included. Geographic distributions of MNPs at a phylogenetic level are reported.