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Andrés CMC, Pérez de la Lastra JM, Bustamante Munguira E, Andrés Juan C, Pérez-Lebeña E. Anticancer Activity of Metallodrugs and Metallizing Host Defense Peptides-Current Developments in Structure-Activity Relationship. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7314. [PMID: 39000421 PMCID: PMC11242492 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
This article provides an overview of the development, structure and activity of various metal complexes with anti-cancer activity. Chemical researchers continue to work on the development and synthesis of new molecules that could act as anti-tumor drugs to achieve more favorable therapies. It is therefore important to have information about the various chemotherapeutic substances and their mode of action. This review focuses on metallodrugs that contain a metal as a key structural fragment, with cisplatin paving the way for their chemotherapeutic application. The text also looks at ruthenium complexes, including the therapeutic applications of phosphorescent ruthenium(II) complexes, emphasizing their dual role in therapy and diagnostics. In addition, the antitumor activities of titanium and gold derivatives, their side effects, and ongoing research to improve their efficacy and reduce adverse effects are discussed. Metallization of host defense peptides (HDPs) with various metal ions is also highlighted as a strategy that significantly enhances their anticancer activity by broadening their mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Manuel Pérez de la Lastra
- Institute of Natural Products and Agrobiology, CSIC-Spanish Research Council, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, 3, 38206 La Laguna, Spain
| | | | - Celia Andrés Juan
- Cinquima Institute and Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Valladolid University, Paseo de Belén, 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
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Yang M, Yang F, Huang X, Cai J, Zhang Y, Jia J, Qiu D. Design of Novel 2-Phenylquinazolin-4-amines as Selective CYP1B1 Inhibitors for Overcoming Paclitaxel Resistance in A549 Cells. J Med Chem 2024; 67:5883-5901. [PMID: 38509663 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) contributes to the metabolic inactivation of chemotherapeutics when overexpressed in tumor cells. Selective inhibition of CYP1B1 holds promise for reversing drug resistance. In our pursuit of potent CYP1B1 inhibitors, we designed and synthesized a series of 2-phenylquinazolin-4-amines. A substantial proportion of these newly developed inhibitors demonstrated inhibitory activity against CYP1B1, accompanied by improved water solubility. Remarkably, compound 14b exhibited exceptional inhibitory efficacy and selectivity toward CYP1B1. Molecular docking studies suggested that the expansion of the π-system through aromatization, the introduction of an amine group, and iodine atom augmented the binding affinity. Furthermore, inhibitors 14a, 14b, and 14e demonstrated the ability to significantly reduce the resistance in A549 cells to paclitaxel, while also inhibiting the migration and invasion of these cells. Finally, radioiodine labeling experiments shed light on the metabolic pathway of compound 5l in mice, highlighting the potential of 125I-5l as a radioactive probe for future research endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meixian Yang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Fengyuan Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xinyue Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Jiajing Cai
- Department of Radiation Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jianhua Jia
- Department of Radiation Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Dachuan Qiu
- Department of Radiation Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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Bai YM, Liang S, Zhou B. Yangyinghuoxue decoction exerts a treatment effect on hepatic fibrosis by PI3K/AKT pathway in rat model: based on the network pharmacology and molecular docking. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:3773-3789. [PMID: 38364259 PMCID: PMC10929827 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yangyinghuoxue decoction (YYHXD) is a Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compound with satisfactory clinical efficacy in the treatment of hepatic fibrosis (HF). However, the pharmacological molecular mechanisms of YYHXD in the treatment of hepatic fibrosis have not yet been clarified. OBJECTIVE To determine the pharmacological mechanisms of YYHXD for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis via network pharmacology analysis combined with experimental verification. METHODS First, the bioactive ingredients and potential targets of YYHXD and HF-related targets were retrieved from the online databases and literatures. Next, the "herb-ingredient-target-disease" network and PPI network were constructed for topological analyses and key active compounds and targets screening. Enrichment analyses were performed to identify the critical biological processes and signaling pathways. Then, the molecular docking experiment was performed to initially validate the network pharmacology prediction results. Finally, the antifibrotic effect and pharmacological mechanisms of YYHXD were investigated in CCl4 induced liver fibrosis in rats. RESULTS In total, 141 active compounds in YYHXD, 637 YYHXD-related targets and 1598 liver fibrosis-related targets were identified. Among them, 69 overlapped targets were finally obtained. Network analysis screened 5 critical bioactive components and 34 key targets. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that YYHXD obviously influenced biological processes such as oxidative stress, cellular inflammation and hepatocyte apoptosis and signaling pathways such as PI3K-Akt, Apoptosis, and JAK-STAT in the treatment of HF. The molecular docking results suggested that the YYHXD may have a direct impact on the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Further, in vivo experiment indicated that YYHXD treatment not only reduced liver injury and protected liver function, but also decrease the apoptosis of hepatic parenchyma cells, reducing inflammatory and attenuating oxidative stress. Moreover, YYHXD significantly attenuated the upregulation of target proteins enriched in PI3K signaling pathway, including P-PI3K, P-Akt1, HSP90, MYC, p53. CONCLUSIONS The mechanisms of YYHXD against liver fibrosis were involved in multiple ingredients, multiple targets and multiple signaling pathways. The PI3K/Akt pathway could be the most important pharmacological mechanism of YYHXD therapy for liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ming Bai
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Yinchuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Regional Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
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4
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Roszkowski S. Application of Polyphenols and Flavonoids in Oncological Therapy. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104080. [PMID: 37241819 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of naturally derived drugs in anti-cancer therapies has grown exponentially in recent years. Among natural compounds, polyphenols have shown potential therapeutic applications in treatment due to their protective functions in plants, their use as food additives, and their excellent antioxidant properties, resulting in beneficial effects on human health. Building more efficient cancer therapies with fewer side effects on human health can be achieved by combining natural compounds with conventional drugs, which are typically more aggressive than natural chemicals with polyphenols. This article reviews a wide variety of studies where polyphenolic compounds can play a key role as anticancer drugs, alone or in combination with other drugs. Moreover, the future directions of applications of various polyphenols in cancer therapy are shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szymon Roszkowski
- Department of Geriatrics, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Debowa St. 3, 85-626 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Liu J, Banuvar S, Viana M, Barengolts E, Chen SN, Pauli GF, van Breemen RB. Pharmacokinetic Interactions of a Licorice Dietary Supplement with Cytochrome P450 Enzymes in Female Participants. Drug Metab Dispos 2023; 51:199-204. [PMID: 36328482 PMCID: PMC9900865 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.122.001050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Licorice, the roots and rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza glabra L., has been used as a medicinal herb, herbal adjuvant, and flavoring agent since ancient times. Recently, licorice extracts have become popular as dietary supplements used by females to alleviate menopausal symptoms. Exposure to licorice products containing high levels of glycyrrhizic acid can cause hypokalemia, but independent from this effect, preclinical data indicate that licorice can inhibit certain cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes. To evaluate whether clinically relevant pharmacokinetic interactions of licorice with P450 enzymes exist, a phase 1 clinical investigation was carried out using a licorice extract depleted in glycyrrhizic acid (content <1%) and a cocktail containing caffeine, tolbutamide, alprazolam, and dextromethorphan, which are probe substrates for the enzymes CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP3A4/5, and CYP2D6, respectively. The botanically authenticated and chemically standardized extract of roots from G. glabra was consumed by 14 healthy menopausal and postmenopausal female participants twice daily for 2 weeks. The pharmacokinetics of each probe drug were evaluated immediately before and after supplementation with the licorice extract. Comparison of the average areas under the time-concentration curves (AUCs) for each probe substrate in serum showed no significant changes from licorice consumption, whereas time to reach peak concentration for caffeine and elimination half-life for tolbutamide showed small changes. According to the US Food and Drug Administration guidance, which is based on changes in the AUC of each probe substrate drug, the investigated licorice extract should not cause any clinically relevant pharmacokinetic interactions with respect to CYP3A4/5, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, or CYP1A2. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Despite generally-recognized-as-safe status, the licorice species Glycyrrhiza glabra has been associated with some toxicity. Preclinical studies suggest that G. glabra might cause pharmacokinetic drug interactions by inhibiting several cytochrome P450 enzymes. This phase 1 clinical study addressed these concerns by evaluating clinically relevant effects with respect to CYP3A4/5, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, and CYP1A2. These results showed that a standardized G. glabra extract did not cause any clinically relevant pharmacokinetic drug interactions with four major cytochrome P450 enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Liu
- Linus Pauling Institute, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon (J.L., R.B.v.B.) and UIC Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (S.B., M.V., E.B., S.-N.C., G.F.P., R.B.v.B.)
| | - Suzanne Banuvar
- Linus Pauling Institute, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon (J.L., R.B.v.B.) and UIC Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (S.B., M.V., E.B., S.-N.C., G.F.P., R.B.v.B.)
| | - Marlos Viana
- Linus Pauling Institute, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon (J.L., R.B.v.B.) and UIC Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (S.B., M.V., E.B., S.-N.C., G.F.P., R.B.v.B.)
| | - Elena Barengolts
- Linus Pauling Institute, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon (J.L., R.B.v.B.) and UIC Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (S.B., M.V., E.B., S.-N.C., G.F.P., R.B.v.B.)
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Linus Pauling Institute, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon (J.L., R.B.v.B.) and UIC Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (S.B., M.V., E.B., S.-N.C., G.F.P., R.B.v.B.)
| | - Guido F Pauli
- Linus Pauling Institute, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon (J.L., R.B.v.B.) and UIC Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (S.B., M.V., E.B., S.-N.C., G.F.P., R.B.v.B.)
| | - Richard B van Breemen
- Linus Pauling Institute, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon (J.L., R.B.v.B.) and UIC Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (S.B., M.V., E.B., S.-N.C., G.F.P., R.B.v.B.)
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Hachey AC, Fenton AD, Heidary DK, Glazer EC. Design of Cytochrome P450 1B1 Inhibitors via a Scaffold-Hopping Approach. J Med Chem 2023; 66:398-412. [PMID: 36520541 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) is a potential drug target in cancer research that is overexpressed in several solid tumors but is present only at low levels in healthy tissues. Its expression is associated with resistance to common chemotherapeutics, while inhibitors restore efficacy to these drugs in model systems. The majority of CYP1B1 inhibitors are derived from a limited number of scaffolds, and few have achieved outstanding selectivity against other human CYPs, which could impede clinical development. This study explores a new chemical space for CYP1B1 inhibitors using a scaffold-hopping approach and establishes 2,4-diarylthiazoles as a promising framework for further development. From a small library, compound 15 emerged as the lead, with picomolar CYP1B1 inhibition, and over 19,000-fold selectivity against its relative, CYP1A1. To investigate the activity of 15, molecular dynamics, optical spectroscopy, point mutations, and traditional structure-activity relationships were employed and revealed key interactions important for the development of CYP1B1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin C Hachey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, 505 Rose Street, Lexington, Kentucky40506, United States
| | - Alexander D Fenton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, 505 Rose Street, Lexington, Kentucky40506, United States
| | - David K Heidary
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, 505 Rose Street, Lexington, Kentucky40506, United States
| | - Edith C Glazer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, 505 Rose Street, Lexington, Kentucky40506, United States
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Najafi M, Tavakol S, Zarrabi A, Ashrafizadeh M. Dual role of quercetin in enhancing the efficacy of cisplatin in chemotherapy and protection against its side effects: a review. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:1438-1452. [PMID: 32521182 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1773864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy has opened a new window in cancer therapy. However, the resistance of cancer cells has dramatically reduced the efficacy of chemotherapy. Cisplatin is a chemotherapeutic agent and its potential in cancer therapy has been restricted by resistance of cancer cells. As a consequence, the scientists have attempted to find new strategies in elevating chemotherapy efficacy. Due to great anti-tumour activity, naturally occurring compounds are of interest in polychemotherapy. Quercetin is a flavonoid with high anti-tumour activity against different cancers that can be used with cisplatin to enhance its efficacy and also are seen to sensitise cancer cells into chemotherapy. Furthermore, cisplatin has side effects such as nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. Administration of quercetin is advantageous in reducing the adverse effects of cisplatin without compromising its anti-tumour activity. In this review, we investigate the dual role of quercetin in enhancing anti-tumour activity of cisplatin and simultaneous reduction in its adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Najafi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shima Tavakol
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, Turkey
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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8
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Hollis PR, Mobley RJ, Bhuju J, Abell AN, Sutter CH, Sutter TR. CYP1B1 Augments the Mesenchymal, Claudin-Low, and Chemoresistant Phenotypes of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:9670. [PMID: 36077068 PMCID: PMC9456208 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P4501B1 (CYP1B1) is elevated in breast cancer. Studies indicate a relationship between CYP1B1 and aggressive cancer phenotypes. Here, we report on in vitro studies in triple-negative breast cancer cell lines, where knockdown (KD) of CYP1B1 was used to determine the influence of its expression on invasive cell phenotypes. CYP1B1 KD in MDA-MB-231 cells resulted in the loss of mesenchymal morphology, altered expression of epithelial-mesenchymal genes, and increased claudin (CLDN) RNA and protein. CYP1B1 KD cells had increased cell-to-cell contact and paracellular barrier function, a reduced rate of cell proliferation, abrogation of migratory and invasive activity, and diminished spheroid formation. Analysis of clinical breast cancer tumor samples revealed an association between tumors exhibiting higher CYP1B1 RNA levels and diminished overall and disease-free survival. Tumor expression of CYP1B1 was inversely associated with CLDN7 expression, and CYP1B1HI/CLDN7LOW identified patients with lower median survival. Cells with CYP1B1 KD had an enhanced chemosensitivity to paclitaxel, 5-fluorouracil, and cisplatin. Our findings that CYP1B1 KD can increase chemosensitivity points to therapeutic targeting of this enzyme. CYP1B1 inhibitors in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs may provide a novel targeted and effective approach to adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapy against certain forms of highly metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Thomas R. Sutter
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
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Li J, Xu X, Peng X. NDC80 Enhances Cisplatin-resistance in Triple-negative Breast Cancer. Arch Med Res 2022; 53:378-387. [PMID: 35346500 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Chemotherapy is a standard systemic treatment option for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Cisplatin has been used to treat TNBC, but frequently leads to cisplatin resistance in patients. The aim of our study was to investigate cisplatin-resistant mechanism in TNBC. MATERIALS AND METHODS To identify the potential genes and pathways relative to cisplatin resistance, GSE103115 data were analyzed by the Limma package and Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). TNBC data from TCGA, GSE76250 and GSE115275 datasets were used to calculate NDC80 expression. Immunohistochemistry detected NDC80 protein expression in TNBC tissues from patients before and after cisplatin treatment. After expose to cisplatin treatment, the viability and proliferation of TNBC cells were measured by CCK-8 and colony formation assays, respectively. RESULTS NDC80 was regarded as a cisplatin-resistant gene because after cisplatin treatment NDC80 was downregulated in cisplatin-sensitive cells but was upregulated in cisplatin-resistant cells. NDC80 was over-expressed in TNBC tissues compared to normal tissues. Furthermore, NDC80 expression in TNBC patients was increased after cisplatin treatment. Cisplatin-sensitive TNBC patients showed lower NDC80 expression than cisplatin-resistant patients. Additionally, NDC80 expression was correlated with clinical stages, tumor size and chemotherapy of TNBC patients. Moreover, NDC80 overexpression promoted the viability and proliferation of TNBC cells and enhanced the cells resistance to cisplatin. The potential pathways relative to cisplatin resistance were obtained, such as p53 signaling pathway and Oxidative phosphorylation. CONCLUSION These findings provide new insights for understanding the mechanism of cisplatin resistance in TNBC, and NDC80 may be a potential therapeutic target for TNBC treatment.
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Bharate SB. Meet the Editorial Board Member. Mini Rev Med Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/138955752202220105110724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Lipovka Y, Alday E, Hernandez J, Velazquez C. Molecular Mechanisms of Biologically Active Compounds from Propolis in Breast Cancer: State of the Art and Future Directions. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.2003380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Lipovka
- Department of Chemistry-Biology, University of Sonora, Hermosillo, Mexico
| | - Efrain Alday
- Department of Chemistry-Biology, University of Sonora, Hermosillo, Mexico
| | - Javier Hernandez
- Unidad de Servicios de Apoyo en Resolución Analítica, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Carlos Velazquez
- Department of Chemistry-Biology, University of Sonora, Hermosillo, Mexico
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Czarnomysy R, Radomska D, Szewczyk OK, Roszczenko P, Bielawski K. Platinum and Palladium Complexes as Promising Sources for Antitumor Treatments. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158271. [PMID: 34361037 PMCID: PMC8347039 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a need for new, safer, and more effective agents to treat cancer. Cytostatics that have transition metals at their core have attracted renewed interest from scientists. Researchers are attempting to use chemotherapeutics, such as cisplatin, in combination therapy (i.e., in order to enhance their effectiveness). Moreover, studies are being carried out to modify molecules, by developing them into multinuclear structures, linking different compounds to commonly used drugs, or encapsulating them in nanoparticles to improve pharmacokinetic parameters, and increase the selectivity of these drugs. Therefore, we attempted to organize recent drug findings that contain palladium and platinum atoms in their structures.
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Chen H, Yang J, Yang Y, Zhang J, Xu Y, Lu X. The Natural Products and Extracts: Anti-Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in Vitro. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2001047. [PMID: 34000082 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202001047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) makes up 15 % to 20 % of all breast cancer (BC) cases, and represents one of the most challenging malignancies to treat. For many years, chemotherapy has been the main treatment option for TNBC. Natural products isolated from marine organisms and terrestrial organisms with great structural diversity and high biochemical specificity form a compound library for the assessment and discovery of new drugs. In this review, we mainly focused on natural compounds and extracts (from marine and terrestrial environments) with strong anti-TNBC activities (IC50 <100 μM) and their possible mechanisms reported in the past six years (2015-2021).
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Chen
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Naval Medical University, Xiangyin Road 800, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Jiaping Yang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Naval Medical University, Xiangyin Road 800, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yanlong Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jianpeng Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Naval Medical University, Xiangyin Road 800, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yao Xu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Naval Medical University, Xiangyin Road 800, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoling Lu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Naval Medical University, Xiangyin Road 800, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
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14
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CYP1B1 as a therapeutic target in cardio-oncology. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 134:2897-2927. [PMID: 33185690 PMCID: PMC7672255 DOI: 10.1042/cs20200310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular complications have been frequently reported in cancer patients and survivors, mainly because of various cardiotoxic cancer treatments. Despite the known cardiovascular toxic effects of these treatments, they are still clinically used because of their effectiveness as anti-cancer agents. In this review, we discuss the growing body of evidence suggesting that inhibition of the cytochrome P450 1B1 enzyme (CYP1B1) can be a promising therapeutic strategy that has the potential to prevent cancer treatment-induced cardiovascular complications without reducing their anti-cancer effects. CYP1B1 is an extrahepatic enzyme that is expressed in cardiovascular tissues and overexpressed in different types of cancers. A growing body of evidence is demonstrating a detrimental role of CYP1B1 in both cardiovascular diseases and cancer, via perturbed metabolism of endogenous compounds, production of carcinogenic metabolites, DNA adduct formation, and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Several chemotherapeutic agents have been shown to induce CYP1B1 in cardiovascular and cancer cells, possibly via activating the Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR), ROS generation, and inflammatory cytokines. Induction of CYP1B1 is detrimental in many ways. First, it can induce or exacerbate cancer treatment-induced cardiovascular complications. Second, it may lead to significant chemo/radio-resistance, undermining both the safety and effectiveness of cancer treatments. Therefore, numerous preclinical studies demonstrate that inhibition of CYP1B1 protects against chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity and prevents chemo- and radio-resistance. Most of these studies have utilized phytochemicals to inhibit CYP1B1. Since phytochemicals have multiple targets, future studies are needed to discern the specific contribution of CYP1B1 to the cardioprotective and chemo/radio-sensitizing effects of these phytochemicals.
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Tchounwou PB, Dasari S, Noubissi FK, Ray P, Kumar S. Advances in Our Understanding of the Molecular Mechanisms of Action of Cisplatin in Cancer Therapy. J Exp Pharmacol 2021; 13:303-328. [PMID: 33776489 PMCID: PMC7987268 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s267383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin and other platinum-based chemotherapeutic drugs have been used extensively for the treatment of human cancers such as bladder, blood, breast, cervical, esophageal, head and neck, lung, ovarian, testicular cancers, and sarcoma. Cisplatin is commonly administered intravenously as a first-line chemotherapy for patients suffering from various malignancies. Upon absorption into the cancer cell, cisplatin interacts with cellular macromolecules and exerts its cytotoxic effects through a series of biochemical mechanisms by binding to Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and forming intra-strand DNA adducts leading to the inhibition of DNA synthesis and cell growth. Its primary molecular mechanism of action has been associated with the induction of both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis resulting from the production of reactive oxygen species through lipid peroxidation, activation of various signal transduction pathways, induction of p53 signaling and cell cycle arrest, upregulation of pro-apoptotic genes/proteins, and down-regulation of proto-oncogenes and anti-apoptotic genes/proteins. Despite great clinical outcomes, many studies have reported substantial side effects associated with cisplatin monotherapy, while others have shown substantial drug resistance in some cancer patients. Hence, new formulations and several combinational therapies with other drugs have been tested for the purpose of improving the clinical utility of cisplatin. Therefore, this review provides a comprehensive understanding of its molecular mechanisms of action in cancer therapy and discusses the therapeutic approaches to overcome cisplatin resistance and side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul B Tchounwou
- Cellomics and Toxicogenomics Research Laboratory, NIH-RCMI Center for Health Disparities Research, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Shaloam Dasari
- Cellomics and Toxicogenomics Research Laboratory, NIH-RCMI Center for Health Disparities Research, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Felicite K Noubissi
- Cellomics and Toxicogenomics Research Laboratory, NIH-RCMI Center for Health Disparities Research, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Paresh Ray
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Earth, Biological, and Environmental Sciences, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, India
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Hur S, Jang E, Lee JH. Beneficial Actions of Orostachys japonica and Its Compounds against Tumors via MAPK Signaling Pathways. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020555. [PMID: 33567572 PMCID: PMC7915109 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumors are one of the most life-threatening diseases, and a variety of cancer treatment options have been continuously introduced in order to overcome cancer and improve conventional therapy. Orostachys japonica (O. japonica), which is a perennial plant belonging to the genus Orostachys of the Crassulaceae family, has been revealed to exhibit pharmacological properties against various tumors in numerous studies. The present review aimed to discuss the biological actions and underlying molecular mechanisms of O. japonica and its representative compounds-kaempferol and quercetin-against tumors. O. japonica reportedly has antiproliferative, anti-angiogenic, and antimetastatic activities against various types of malignant tumors through the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, a blockade of downstream vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-VEGFR2 pathways, and the regulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. In addition, emerging studies have highlighted the antitumor efficacy of kaempferol and quercetin. Interestingly, it was found that alterations of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades are involved in the pivotal mechanisms of the antitumor effects of O. japonica and its two compounds against cancer cell overgrowth, angiogenesis, and metastasis. In summary, O. japonica could be considered a preventive and therapeutic medicinal plant which exhibits antitumor actions by reversing altered patterns of MAPK cascades, and kaempferol and quercetin might be potential components that can contribute to the efficacy and underlying mechanism of O. japonica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyoung Hur
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Eungyeong Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Jang-Hoon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-958-9118; Fax: +82-2-958-9258
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A Network Pharmacology Study on the Molecular Mechanisms of FDY003 for Breast Cancer Treatment. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:3919143. [PMID: 33628298 PMCID: PMC7881938 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3919143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Herbal medicines have drawn considerable attention with regard to their potential applications in breast cancer (BC) treatment, a frequently diagnosed malignant disease, considering their anticancer efficacy with relatively less adverse effects. However, their mechanisms of systemic action have not been understood comprehensively. Based on network pharmacology approaches, we attempted to unveil the mechanisms of FDY003, an herbal drug comprised of Lonicera japonica Thunberg, Artemisia capillaris Thunberg, and Cordyceps militaris, against BC at a systemic level. We found that FDY003 exhibited pharmacological effects on human BC cells. Subsequently, detailed data regarding the biochemical components contained in FDY003 were obtained from comprehensive herbal medicine-related databases, including TCMSP and CancerHSP. By evaluating their pharmacokinetic properties, 18 chemical compounds in FDY003 were shown to be potentially active constituents interacting with 140 BC-associated therapeutic targets to produce the pharmacological activity. Gene ontology enrichment analysis using g:Profiler indicated that the FDY003 targets were involved in the modulation of cellular processes, involving the cell proliferation, cell cycle process, and cell apoptosis. Based on a KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, we further revealed that a variety of oncogenic pathways that play key roles in the pathology of BC were significantly enriched with the therapeutic targets of FDY003; these included PI3K-Akt, MAPK, focal adhesion, FoxO, TNF, and estrogen signaling pathways. Here, we present a network-perspective of the molecular mechanisms via which herbal drugs treat BC.
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Yang Z, Zhang Q, Yu L, Zhu J, Cao Y, Gao X. The signaling pathways and targets of traditional Chinese medicine and natural medicine in triple-negative breast cancer. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 264:113249. [PMID: 32810619 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a poorer prognosis than other subtypes due to its strong invasion and higher risk of distant metastasis. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and natural medicine have the unique advantages of multitargets and small side-effects and may be used as long-term complementary and alternative therapies. AIM OF THE REVIEW The present article summarizes the classical signaling pathways and potential targets by the action of TCM and natural medicine (including extracts, active constituents and formulas) on TNBC and provides evidence for its clinical efficacy. METHODS The literature information was acquired from the scientific databases PubMed, Web of Science and CNKI from January 2010 to June 2020, and it was designed to elucidate the internal mechanism and role of TCM and natural medicine in the treatment of TNBC. The search key words included "Triple negative breast cancer" or "triple negative breast carcinoma", "TNBC" and "traditional Chinese medicine" or "Chinese herbal medicine", "medicinal plant", "natural plant", and "herb". RESULTS We described the antitumor activity of TCM and natural medicine in TNBC based on different signaling pathways. Plant medicine and herbal formulas regulated the related gene and protein expression via pathways such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR, MAPK and Wnt/β-catenin, which inhibit the growth, proliferation, migration, invasion and metastasis of TNBC cells. CONCLUSION The inhibitory effect of TCM and natural medicine on tumors was reflected in multiple levels and multiple pathways, providing reasonable evidence for new drug development. To make TCM and natural medicine widely and flexibly used in clinical practice, the efficacy, safety and mechanism of action need more in-depth experimental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimei Yang
- Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
| | - Qiuhua Zhang
- Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
| | - Linghong Yu
- Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
| | - Jiayan Zhu
- Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
| | - Yi Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, NO. 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China.
| | - Xiufei Gao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, NO. 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China.
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20
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Xu X, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Wang M, Liu Y, Li X. Systems pharmacology in combination with proteomics reveals underlying mechanisms of Xihuang pill against triple-negative breast cancer. Bioengineered 2020; 11:1170-1188. [PMID: 33092442 PMCID: PMC8291799 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2020.1834726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Xihuang pill (XHP), a traditional Chinese herbal formula, has been clinically used as an adjuvant therapy against triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) via inhibiting cancer cell invasion and proliferation, as well as promoting cancer cell apoptosis. However, its anti-TNBC bio-active ingredients and possible mechanisms are still unclear. Herein, the hub bio-active compounds and underlying mechanisms of XHP against TNBC were systematically elucidated by integrating systems pharmacology approach and in vitro proteomics analysis. Using systems pharmacology analysis and molecular docking evaluation, 28 bio-active compounds and 10 potential therapeutic targets of XHP were identified. Functional analysis showed that the core therapeutic targets against TNBC were mainly involved in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT signaling pathway to prevent cancer cell proliferation and angiogenesis, as well as to enhance cancer cell apoptosis. The in vitro proteomics analysis identified 153 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), including HASP90AA1, AKT1, and EGFR, which were also identified as therapeutic targets against TNBC through systems pharmacology analysis. Protein function analysis showed that the DEPs were mainly involved in PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, which was consistent with the result of systems pharmacology, suggesting the reliability of systems pharmacology analysis. Taken together, these findings uncover the underlying mechanism of XHP against TNBC, and provide a scientific method for the rational development of traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingchao Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University , Tai'an, China
| | - Jimei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences , Tai'an, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhang
- Department of Graduate Student Affairs, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences , Tai'an, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Graduate Student Affairs, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences , Tai'an, China
| | - Yaping Liu
- Department of Graduate Student Affairs, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences , Tai'an, China
| | - Xiangqi Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University , Tai'an, China
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21
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Inhibitory Effects of Quercetin and Its Main Methyl, Sulfate, and Glucuronic Acid Conjugates on Cytochrome P450 Enzymes, and on OATP, BCRP and MRP2 Transporters. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12082306. [PMID: 32751996 PMCID: PMC7468908 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is a flavonoid, its glycosides and aglycone are found in significant amounts in several plants and dietary supplements. Because of the high presystemic biotransformation of quercetin, mainly its conjugates appear in circulation. As has been reported in previous studies, quercetin can interact with several proteins of pharmacokinetic importance. However, the interactions of its metabolites with biotransformation enzymes and drug transporters have barely been examined. In this study, the inhibitory effects of quercetin and its most relevant methyl, sulfate, and glucuronide metabolites were tested on cytochrome P450 (CYP) (2C19, 3A4, and 2D6) enzymes as well as on organic anion-transporting polypeptides (OATPs) (OATP1A2, OATP1B1, OATP1B3, and OATP2B1) and ATP (adenosine triphosphate) Binding Cassette (ABC) (BCRP and MRP2) transporters. Quercetin and its metabolites (quercetin-3'-sulfate, quercetin-3-glucuronide, isorhamnetin, and isorhamnetin-3-glucuronide) showed weak inhibitory effects on CYP2C19 and 3A4, while they did not affect CYP2D6 activity. Some of the flavonoids caused weak inhibition of OATP1A2 and MRP2. However, most of the compounds tested proved to be strong inhibitors of OATP1B1, OATP1B3, OATP2B1, and BCRP. Our data demonstrate that not only quercetin but some of its conjugates, can also interact with CYP enzymes and drug transporters. Therefore, high intake of quercetin may interfere with the pharmacokinetics of drugs.
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Goel B, Sharma A, Tripathi N, Bhardwaj N, Sahu B, Kaur G, Singh B, Jain SK. In-vitro antitumor activity of compounds from Glycyrrhiza glabra against C6 glioma cancer cells: identification of natural lead for further evaluation. Nat Prod Res 2020; 35:5489-5492. [PMID: 32608261 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1786830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A HP20 resin-based unique method was adopted to get an active fraction of the hydroalcoholic extract of G. glabra roots. The fraction showed potent cytotoxicity against cancer cell line and was further subjected to detailed phytochemical investigation to obtain ten biomarkers. The isolated compounds were also tested for the cytotoxicity against the C6 glioma cell line in vitro using MTT assay. Among the isolated compounds, glycyrrhetic acid (1), glabrol (6), and glabridin (9) exhibited significant cytotoxicity. The compounds showed a dose-dependent decrease in cell viability. The active compounds were subjected to molecular docking study against topoisomerase I and topoisomerase II to support the mechanism of antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Goel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Anuradha Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Nancy Tripathi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Nivedita Bhardwaj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Bharat Sahu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Gurcharan Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Bikarma Singh
- Biodiversity and Applied Botany Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Jammu, India
| | - Shreyans K Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Malla RR, Deepak K, Merchant N, Dasari VR. Breast Tumor Microenvironment: Emerging target of therapeutic phytochemicals. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 70:153227. [PMID: 32339885 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive and challenging form of breast cancers. Tumor microenvironment (TME) of TNBC is associated with induction of metastasis, immune system suppression, escaping immune detection and drug resistance. TME is highly complex and heterogeneous, consists of tumor cells, stromal cells and immune cells. The rapid expansion of tumors induce hypoxia, which concerns the reprogramming of TME components. The reciprocal communication of tumor cells and TME cells predisposes cancer cells to metastasis by modulation of developmental pathways, Wnt, notch, hedgehog and their related mechanisms in TME. Dietary phytochemicals are non-toxic and associated with various human health benefits and remarkable spectrum of biological activities. The phytochemicals serve as vital resources for drug discovery and also as a source for breast cancer therapy. The novel properties of dietary phytochemicals propose platform for modulation of tumor signaling, overcoming drug resistance, and targeting TME. Therefore, TME could serve as promising target for the treatment of TNBC. This review presents current status and implications of experimentally evaluated therapeutic phytochemicals as potential targeting agents of TME, potential nanosystems for targeted delivery of phytochemicals and their current challenges and future implications in TNBC treatment. The dietary phytochemicals especially curcumin with significant delivery system could prevent TNBC development as it is considered safe and well tolerated in phase II clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Rao Malla
- Cancer Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, Institute of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, 530045, India.
| | - Kgk Deepak
- Cancer Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, Institute of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, 530045, India
| | - Neha Merchant
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Venkata Ramesh Dasari
- Department of Molecular and Functional Genomics, Geisinger Clinic, 100 Academy Ave, Danville, PA, 17822, USA
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Lautié E, Russo O, Ducrot P, Boutin JA. Unraveling Plant Natural Chemical Diversity for Drug Discovery Purposes. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:397. [PMID: 32317969 PMCID: PMC7154113 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The screening and testing of extracts against a variety of pharmacological targets in order to benefit from the immense natural chemical diversity is a concern in many laboratories worldwide. And several successes have been recorded in finding new actives in natural products, some of which have become new drugs or new sources of inspiration for drugs. But in view of the vast amount of research on the subject, it is surprising that not more drug candidates were found. In our view, it is fundamental to reflect upon the approaches of such drug discovery programs and the technical processes that are used, along with their inherent difficulties and biases. Based on an extensive survey of recent publications, we discuss the origin and the variety of natural chemical diversity as well as the strategies to having the potential to embrace this diversity. It seemed to us that some of the difficulties of the area could be related with the technical approaches that are used, so the present review begins with synthetizing some of the more used discovery strategies, exemplifying some key points, in order to address some of their limitations. It appears that one of the challenges of natural product-based drug discovery programs should be an easier access to renewable sources of plant-derived products. Maximizing the use of the data together with the exploration of chemical diversity while working on reasonable supply of natural product-based entities could be a way to answer this challenge. We suggested alternative ways to access and explore part of this chemical diversity with in vitro cultures. We also reinforced how important it was organizing and making available this worldwide knowledge in an "inventory" of natural products and their sources. And finally, we focused on strategies based on synthetic biology and syntheses that allow reaching industrial scale supply. Approaches based on the opportunities lying in untapped natural plant chemical diversity are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Lautié
- Centro de Valorização de Compostos Bioativos da Amazônia (CVACBA)-Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
| | - Olivier Russo
- Institut de Recherches Internationales SERVIER, Suresnes, France
| | - Pierre Ducrot
- Molecular Modelling Department, 'PEX Biotechnologie, Chimie & Biologie, Institut de Recherches SERVIER, Croissy-sur-Seine, France
| | - Jean A Boutin
- Institut de Recherches Internationales SERVIER, Suresnes, France
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Therapeutic potential of quercetin on human breast cancer in different dimensions. Inflammopharmacology 2019; 28:39-62. [DOI: 10.1007/s10787-019-00660-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Wu SC, Yang ZQ, Liu F, Peng WJ, Qu SQ, Li Q, Song XB, Zhu K, Shen JZ. Antibacterial Effect and Mode of Action of Flavonoids From Licorice Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2489. [PMID: 31749783 PMCID: PMC6848462 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a bacterial pathogen that causes food poisoning, various infections, and sepsis. Effective strategies and new drugs are needed to control S. aureus associated infections due to the emergence and rapid dissemination of antibiotic resistance. In the present study, the antibacterial activity, potential mode of action, and applications of flavonoids from licorice were investigated. Here, we showed that glabrol, licochalcone A, licochalcone C, and licochalcone E displayed high efficiency against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Glabrol, licochalcone A, licochalcone C, and licochalcone E exhibited low cytotoxicity without hemolytic activity based on safety evaluation. Glabrol displayed rapid bactericidal activity with low levels of resistance development in vitro. Meanwhile, glabrol rapidly increased bacterial membrane permeability and dissipated the proton move force. Furthermore, we found that peptidoglycan, phosphatidylglycerol, and cardiolipin inhibited the antibacterial activity of glabrol. Molecular docking showed that glabrol binds to phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin through the formation of hydrogen bonds. Lastly, glabrol showed antibacterial activity against MRSA in both in vivo and in vitro models. Altogether, these results suggest that glabrol is a promising lead compound for the design of membrane-active antibacterial agents against MRSA and can be used as a disinfectant candidate as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai-Cheng Wu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,College of Veterinary, Qingdao Agricultural University, Shandong, China.,College of Agriculture and Forestry, Linyi University, Shandong, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Yang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Jing Peng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shao-Qi Qu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang-Bin Song
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Kui Zhu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Shen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Therapeutic Effects of Ten Commonly Used Chinese Herbs and Their Bioactive Compounds on Cancers. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:6057837. [PMID: 31636686 PMCID: PMC6766161 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6057837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Effective cancer therapy is one of the biggest global challenges. Conventional cancer therapies have been at the forefront of combating cancers, but more evidence showed considerable side effects, limiting their use. There are various new therapies in development, but combined approaches for treating cancer are much expected. Natural herbs had been traditionally in use for cancer therapy in most parts of the world. In this review, we have examined ten commonly used Chinese herbs that have, for centuries, shown effectiveness in treating cancers. They demonstrated the abilities to promote the apoptosis of cancer cells, inhibit their metastasis, activate the patient's anticancer immunity, and synergistically increase the efficacy of conventional chemotherapy and radiation therapy when used in combination. Clinical experiences had proved that these herbs and their bioactive compounds were effective against a plethora of cancers through a variety of mechanisms, effectively improving patients' quality of life without significant side effects. These advantages indicate that there are huge potentials in the development of Chinese herbs into cancer medicine as part of a promising, holistic cancer treatment modality.
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Lans C. Do recent research studies validate the medicinal plants used in British Columbia, Canada for pet diseases and wild animals taken into temporary care? JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 236:366-392. [PMID: 30772483 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE There are insufficient safe and effective treatments for chronic pain in pets. In cases such as osteoarthritis there is no commercially available cure and veterinarians use NSAIDs to manage pain. Pet owners may have to plan for a lifetime of plant-based treatment for the conditions that lead to chronic pain in pets. Phytopharmacotherapies have the advantage of being less toxic, cheap or free, readily available, are more likely to be safe for long-term use and have the potential to reset the immune system to normal functioning. AIM OF THE STUDY To examine the recently published medicinal plant research that matches unpublished data on ethnoveterinary medicines (EVM) used for pets in Canada (British Columbia) to see if the EVM data can provide a lead to the development of necessary drugs. MATERIALS AND METHODS In 2003 semi-structured interviews were conducted with 60 participants who were organic farmers or holisitic medicinal/veterinary practitioners obtained using a purposive sample. A draft manual prepared from the data was then evaluated by participants at a participatory workshop that discussed the plant-based treatments. A copy of the final version of the manual was given to all research participants. In 2018, the recently published research matching the EVM data was reviewed to see if the EVM practices could serve as a lead for further research. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Medicinal plants are used to treat a range of conditions. The injuries treated in pets in British Columbia included abscesses (resulting from an initial injury), sprains and abrasions. Dogs were also treated with medicinal plants for rheumatoid arthritis, joint pain and articular cartilage injuries. More than 40 plants were used. Anal gland problems were treated with Allium sativum L., Aloe vera L., Calendula officinalis L., Plantago major L., Ulmus fulva Michx., Urtica dioica L. and Usnea longissima Ach. Arctium lappa, Hydrangea arborescens and Lactuca muralis were used for rheumatoid arthritis and joint pain in pets. Asthma was treated with: Linum usitatissimum L., Borago officinalis L., Verbascum thapsus L., Cucurbita pepo L., Lobelia inflata L., and Zingiber officinale Roscoe. Pets with heart problems were treated with Crataegus oxyacantha L., Cedronella canariensis (L.) Willd. ex Webb & Berth, Equisetum palustre L., Cypripedium calceolus L., Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex Lawson, Humulus lupulus L., Valeriana officinalis L., Lobelia inflata L., Stachys officinalis (L.) Trev., and Viscum album L. The following plants were used for epilepsy, motion sickness and anxiety- Avena sativa L., Valeriana officinalis, Lactuca muralis (L.) Fresen., Scutellaria lateriflora L., Satureja hortensis L., and Passiflora incarnata L. Plants used for cancer treatment included Phytolacca decandra, Ganoderma lucidum, Lentinula edodes, Rumex acetosella, Arctium lappa, Ulmus fulva, Rheum palmatum, Frangula purshiana, Zingiber officinale, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Ulmus fulva, Althea officinalis, Rheum palmatum, Rumex crispus and Plantago psyllium. Trifolium pratense was used for tumours in the prostate gland. Also used were Artemisia annua, Taraxacum officinale and Rumex crispus. This review of plants used in EVM was possible because phytotherapy research of the plants described in this paper has continued because few new pharmaceutical drugs have been developed for chronic pain and because treatments like glucocorticoid therapy do not heal. Phytotherapuetic products are also being investigated to address the overuse of antibiotics. There have also been recent studies conducted on plant-based functional foods and health supplements for pets, however there are still gaps in the knowledge base for the plants Stillingia sylvatica, Verbascum thapsus, Yucca schidigera and Iris versicolor and these need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Lans
- Institute for Ethnobotany and Zoopharmacognosy (IEZ), Rijksstraatweg 158A, 6573 DG Beek, the Netherlands.
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Lu LP, Liu JH, Cen SH, Jiang YL, Hu GQ. Discovery of vanadium complexes bearing tridentate schiff base ligands as novel LSD1 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:681-683. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Sharma R, Williams IS, Gatchie L, Sonawane VR, Chaudhuri B, Bharate SB. Furanoflavones pongapin and lanceolatin B blocks the cell cycle and induce senescence in CYP1A1-overexpressing breast cancer cells. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:6076-6086. [PMID: 30448188 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Expression of cytochrome P450-1A1 (CYP1A1) is suppressed under physiologic conditions but is induced (a) by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) which can be metabolized by CYP1A1 to carcinogens, and (b) in majority of breast cancers. Hence, phytochemicals or dietary flavonoids, if identified as CYP1A1 inhibitors, may help in preventing PAH-mediated carcinogenesis and breast cancer. Herein, we have investigated the cancer chemopreventive potential of a flavonoid-rich Indian medicinal plant, Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre. Methanolic extract of its seeds inhibits CYP1A1 in CYP1A1-overexpressing normal human HEK293 cells, with IC50 of 0.6 µg/mL. Its secondary metabolites, the furanoflavonoids pongapin/lanceolatin B, inhibit CYP1A1 with IC50 of 20 nM. Although the furanochalcone pongamol inhibits CYP1A1 with IC50 of only 4.4 µM, a semisynthetic pyrazole-derivative P5b, has ∼10-fold improved potency (IC50, 0.49 μM). Pongapin/lanceolatin B and the methanolic extract of P. pinnata seeds protect CYP1A1-overexpressing HEK293 cells from B[a]P-mediated toxicity. Remarkably, they also block the cell cycle of CYP1A1-overexpressing MCF-7 breast cancer cells, at the G0-G1 phase, repress cyclin D1 levels and induce cellular-senescence. Molecular modeling studies demonstrate the interaction pattern of pongapin/lanceolatin B with CYP1A1. The results strongly indicate the potential of methanolic seed-extract and pongapin/lanceolatin B for further development as cancer chemopreventive agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajni Sharma
- Natural Products Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Ibidapo S Williams
- CYP Design Ltd, The Innovation Centre, 49 Oxford Street, Leicester LE1 5XY, UK
| | - Linda Gatchie
- CYP Design Ltd, The Innovation Centre, 49 Oxford Street, Leicester LE1 5XY, UK
| | - Vinay R Sonawane
- CYP Design Ltd, The Innovation Centre, 49 Oxford Street, Leicester LE1 5XY, UK
| | - Bhabatosh Chaudhuri
- CYP Design Ltd, The Innovation Centre, 49 Oxford Street, Leicester LE1 5XY, UK; Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK.
| | - Sandip B Bharate
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India.
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