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Chen J, Yao Y, Mao X, Chen Y, Ni F. Liver-Targeted Delivery Based on Prodrug: Passive and Active Approaches. J Drug Target 2024:1-26. [PMID: 39072411 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2024.2386416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The liver, a central organ in human metabolism, is often the primary target for drugs. However, conditions such as viral hepatitis, cirrhosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) present substantial health challenges worldwide. Existing treatments, which suffer from the non-specific distribution of drugs, frequently fail to achieve desired efficacy and safety, risking unnecessary liver harm and systemic side effects. PURPOSE The aim of this review is to synthesize the latest progress in the design of liver-targeted prodrugs, with a focus on passive and active targeting strategies, providing new insights into the development of liver-targeted therapeutic approaches. METHODS This study conducted an extensive literature search through databases like Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), systematically collecting and selecting recent research on liver-targeted prodrugs. The focus was on targeting mechanisms, including the Enhanced Permeability and Retention (EPR) effect, the unique microenvironment of liver cancer, and active targeting through specific transporters and receptors. RESULTS Active targeting strategies achieve precise drug delivery by binding specific ligands to liver surface receptors. Passive targeting takes advantage of the EPR effect and tumor characteristics to enrich drugs in liver tumors. The review details successful cases of using small molecule ligands, peptides, antibodies and nanoparticles as drug carriers. CONCLUSION Liver-targeted prodrug strategies show great potential in enhancing the efficacy of drug treatment and reducing side effects for liver diseases. Future research should balance the advantages and limitations of both targeting strategies, focusing on optimizing drug design and targeting efficiency, especially for clinical application. In-depth research on liver-specific receptors and the development of innovative targeting molecules are crucial for advancing the field of liver-targeted prodrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yingrui Yao
- Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Xiaoran Mao
- Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yuzhou Chen
- Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Feng Ni
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
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Hanessian S. My 50-Plus Years of Academic Research Collaborations with Industry. A Retrospective. J Org Chem 2024; 89:9147-9186. [PMID: 38865159 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
A retrospective is presented highlighting the synthesis of selected "first-in-kind" natural products, their synthetic analogues, structure elucidations, and rationally designed bioactive synthetic compounds that were accomplished because of collaborations with past and present pharmaceutical and agrochemical companies. Medicinal chemistry projects involving structure-based design exploiting cocrystal structures of small molecules with biologically relevant enzymes, receptors, and bacterial ribosomes with synthetic small molecules leading to marketed products, clinical candidates, and novel drug prototypes were realized in collaboration. Personal reflections, historical insights, behind the scenes stories from various long-term projects are shared in this retrospective article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Hanessian
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California 91266, United States
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Petrov RA, Mefedova SR, Yamansarov EY, Maklakova SY, Grishin DA, Lopatukhina EV, Burenina OY, Lopukhov AV, Kovalev SV, Timchenko YV, Ondar EE, Ivanenkov YA, Evteev SA, Vaneev AN, Timoshenko RV, Klyachko NL, Erofeev AS, Gorelkin PV, Beloglazkina EK, Majouga AG. New Small-Molecule Glycoconjugates of Docetaxel and GalNAc for Targeted Delivery to Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Mol Pharm 2020; 18:461-468. [PMID: 33264010 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we have developed covalent and low molecular weight docetaxel delivery systems based on conjugation with N-acetyl-d-galactosamine and studied their properties related to hepatocellular carcinoma cells. The resulting glycoconjugates have an excellent affinity to the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) in the nanomolar range of concentrations and a high cytotoxicity level comparable to docetaxel. Likewise, we observed the 21-75-fold increase in water solubility in comparison with parent docetaxel and prodrug lability to intracellular conditions with half-life values from 25.5 to 42 h. We also found that the trivalent conjugate possessed selective toxicity against hepatoma cells vs control cell lines (20-35 times). The absence of such selectivity in the case of monovalent conjugates indicates the effect of ligand valency. Specific ASGPR-mediated cellular uptake of conjugates was proved in vitro using fluorescent-labeled analogues. In addition, we showed an enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species in the HepG2 cells, which could be inhibited by the natural ligand of ASGPR. Overall, the obtained results highlight the potential of ASGPR-directed cytostatic taxane drugs for selective therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rostislav A Petrov
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.,Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics Russian Academy of Science (IBG RAS) of the Ufa Federal Research Centre, Oktyabrya Prospekt 71, Ufa 450054, Russian Federation
| | - Sofiia R Mefedova
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Emil Yu Yamansarov
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.,National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 9 Leninskiy pr., Moscow 119049, Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana Yu Maklakova
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.,National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 9 Leninskiy pr., Moscow 119049, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitrii A Grishin
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Elena V Lopatukhina
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Olga Y Burenina
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 3 Nobel str., Skolkovo 143026, Russian Federation
| | - Anton V Lopukhov
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey V Kovalev
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Yury V Timchenko
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Evgenia E Ondar
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Yan A Ivanenkov
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics Russian Academy of Science (IBG RAS) of the Ufa Federal Research Centre, Oktyabrya Prospekt 71, Ufa 450054, Russian Federation.,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), 9 Institutskiy Lane, Dolgoprudny City, Moscow 141700, Russian Federation
| | - Sergei A Evteev
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander N Vaneev
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.,National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 9 Leninskiy pr., Moscow 119049, Russian Federation
| | - Roman V Timoshenko
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 9 Leninskiy pr., Moscow 119049, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia L Klyachko
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.,Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 3 Nobel str., Skolkovo 143026, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander S Erofeev
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.,National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 9 Leninskiy pr., Moscow 119049, Russian Federation
| | - Petr V Gorelkin
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.,National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 9 Leninskiy pr., Moscow 119049, Russian Federation
| | - Elena K Beloglazkina
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander G Majouga
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.,National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 9 Leninskiy pr., Moscow 119049, Russian Federation.,Dmitry Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya sq. 9, Moscow 125047, Russian Federation
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