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Valenzuela-Hormazabal P, Sepúlveda RV, Alegría-Arcos M, Valdés-Muñoz E, Rojas-Pérez V, González-Bonet I, Suardíaz R, Galarza C, Morales N, Leddermann V, Castro RI, Benso B, Urra G, Hernández-Rodríguez EW, Bustos D. Unveiling Novel Urease Inhibitors for Helicobacter pylori: A Multi-Methodological Approach from Virtual Screening and ADME to Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1968. [PMID: 38396647 PMCID: PMC10888695 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25041968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infections pose a global health challenge demanding innovative therapeutic strategies by which to eradicate them. Urease, a key Hp virulence factor hydrolyzes urea, facilitating bacterial survival in the acidic gastric environment. In this study, a multi-methodological approach combining pharmacophore- and structure-based virtual screening, molecular dynamics simulations, and MM-GBSA calculations was employed to identify novel inhibitors for Hp urease (HpU). A refined dataset of 8,271,505 small molecules from the ZINC15 database underwent pharmacokinetic and physicochemical filtering, resulting in 16% of compounds for pharmacophore-based virtual screening. Molecular docking simulations were performed in successive stages, utilizing HTVS, SP, and XP algorithms. Subsequent energetic re-scoring with MM-GBSA identified promising candidates interacting with distinct urease variants. Lys219, a residue critical for urea catalysis at the urease binding site, can manifest in two forms, neutral (LYN) or carbamylated (KCX). Notably, the evaluated molecules demonstrated different interaction and energetic patterns in both protein variants. Further evaluation through ADMET predictions highlighted compounds with favorable pharmacological profiles, leading to the identification of 15 candidates. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed comparable structural stability to the control DJM, with candidates 5, 8 and 12 (CA5, CA8, and CA12, respectively) exhibiting the lowest binding free energies. These inhibitors suggest a chelating capacity that is crucial for urease inhibition. The analysis underscores the potential of CA5, CA8, and CA12 as novel HpU inhibitors. Finally, we compare our candidates with the chemical space of urease inhibitors finding physicochemical similarities with potent agents such as thiourea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Valenzuela-Hormazabal
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile;
| | - Romina V. Sepúlveda
- Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Av. República 330, Santiago 8370146, Chile;
| | - Melissa Alegría-Arcos
- Núcleo de Investigación en Data Science, Facultad de Ingeniería y Negocios, Universidad de las Américas, Santiago 7500000, Chile;
| | - Elizabeth Valdés-Muñoz
- Doctorado en Biotecnología Traslacional, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480094, Chile; (E.V.-M.); (V.R.-P.)
| | - Víctor Rojas-Pérez
- Doctorado en Biotecnología Traslacional, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480094, Chile; (E.V.-M.); (V.R.-P.)
| | - Ileana González-Bonet
- Biomedical Research Labs, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480094, Chile;
| | - Reynier Suardíaz
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Christian Galarza
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Guayaquil 090112, Ecuador;
| | - Natalia Morales
- Magíster en Ciencias de la Computación, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3460000, Chile; (N.M.); (V.L.)
| | - Verónica Leddermann
- Magíster en Ciencias de la Computación, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3460000, Chile; (N.M.); (V.L.)
| | - Ricardo I. Castro
- Multidisciplinary Agroindustry Research Laboratory, Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas, Facultad de Arquitectura, Construcción y Medio Ambiente, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Cinco Pte. N°1670, Talca 3467987, Chile;
| | - Bruna Benso
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7810000, Chile;
| | - Gabriela Urra
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Química Computacional, Departamento de Medicina Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480094, Chile;
| | - Erix W. Hernández-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Química Computacional, Departamento de Medicina Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480094, Chile;
- Unidad de Bioinformática Clínica, Centro Oncológico, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480094, Chile
| | - Daniel Bustos
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Química Computacional, Departamento de Medicina Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480094, Chile;
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Saleem M, Hanif M, Rafiq M, Hassan M, Tahir T. Synthesis, Characterization, Optical Properties, Molecular Modeling and Urease Inhibition Analysis of Organic Ligands and Their Metal Complexes. J Fluoresc 2023; 33:113-124. [PMID: 36282345 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-022-03032-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Recently, screening of efficient urease inhibitors by employing organic small molecules metalloderivatives interests the scientific community due to their efficacy for treatment of urease triggered health complications. This study comprises the synthesis, urease inhibition activity, optical analysis and molecular modeling of hydrazinecarbothioamide and hydrazinecarboxamide metalloderivatives. Characterization of synthesized materials was done by UV-visible, fluorescence, NMR and FTIR spectroscopic analysis. Metalloderivatization of ligands induce increment in urease inhibition potential and effect was prominent for copper complexes with 10-fold enhancement, cobalt complex with 3.5 fold's enhancement and palladium with 2-fold increment in the inhibition efficacy toward urease when it was compared with reference urease inhibitor. Zinc and iron complexes cause declined urease inhibition activity of the bare ligand. The overall activity of hydrazinecarbothioamide slightly exceeds than that of hydrazinecarboxamide, possibly due to larger complexation ability of sulfur-based ligand in comparison to oxygenated derivatives i.e., hydrazinecarboxamide. The enzyme inhibition kinetics for the most active complexes represent the mixed type urease inhibition for 3a and competitive urease inhibition for 5a, as determined by Lineweaver-Burk plots. The docked scoring values for both the ligands were calculated to be 61.34, 64.72, 56.68, 62.94, 64.98 and 58.98. Three active hydrogen bonds were observed in docking complex upon computational analysis of most potent metallodrug 3a inside active region of targeted protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saleem
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan. .,Department of Chemistry, Thal University Bhakkar, 30000, Bhakkar, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Hanif
- Department of Chemistry, GC University Faisalabad, Sub campus layyah-31200, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rafiq
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 6300, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Mubashir Hassan
- Institute of Molecular biology and Biotechnology/(IMBB), The University of Lahore, 1-KM, Defence Road, Bhubtian Chowk, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tehreem Tahir
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 6300, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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Gültekin E, Bekircan O, Kara Y, Güler Hİ, Soylu MS, Kolaylı S. 1,3,4-Thiadiazole and 1,2,4-triazole-5-thione derivatives bearing 2-pentyl-5-phenyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-one ring: Synthesis, molecular docking, urease inhibition, and crystal structure. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2200355. [PMID: 36316247 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Two series of 1,3,4-thiadiazole (40a-o) and 1,2,4-triazole-5-thione (41a-l) derivatives bearing a 2-pentyl-5-phenyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-one ring were synthesized and then studied for their urease inhibitory activities using thiourea as a standard drug. Among the two groups, the first group (40a-o) did not show good activity while the second group (41a-l) showed excellent activity. Compound 41j (1091.24 ± 14.02 µM) of the second series of compounds showed lower activity than thiourea, while the remaining 11 compounds (41a-i, k, and l) showed better activity than thiourea (183.92 ± 13.14 µM). Among the 11 compounds, 41b (15.96 ± 2.28 µM) having the 3-F group on the phenyl ring showed the highest inhibitory activity. Urease kinetic studies of 41b, which is the most active compound, determined it to have an un-competitive inhibition potential. Moreover, in silico analysis against urease from jack bean with 27 new heterocyclic compounds and the reference molecule was carried out to see the necessary interactions responsible for urease activity. The docking calculations of all compounds supported stronger binding to the receptor than the reference molecule, with high inhibition constants. In addition, compound 40m was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. X-ray analysis reveals that the structures of the compound 40m crystallize in the monoclinic P21/c space group with the cell parameters: a = 10.2155(9) Å, b = 22.1709(18) Å, c = 21.4858(17) Å, β = 99.677(8)°, V = 4797.0(7) Å3 . X-ray diffraction analyses were also performed to gain insights into the role of weak intermolecular interactions and C-H…X (halogen) interactions in compound 40m that influence the crystal packing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ergün Gültekin
- Science Technology Research and Application Center, Artvin Coruh University, Artvin, Turkey
| | - Olcay Bekircan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Yakup Kara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Halil İbrahim Güler
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Serkan Soylu
- Department of Physics, Art and Science Faculty, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Kolaylı
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
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Yang W, Feng Q, Peng Z, Wang G. An overview on the synthetic urease inhibitors with structure-activity relationship and molecular docking. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 234:114273. [PMID: 35305460 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Urease is a kind of enzyme which could be found in various bacteria, fungi, plants, and algae, which can quickly catalyze the hydrolysis of urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide. With the ammonia concentration increasing, the activity of Helicobacter pylori has got an obvious enhancement and leads to mucosal damage in the stomach, gastroduodenal infection, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. The infectious diseases caused by Helicobacter pylori can be controlled to a certain extent by inhibiting urease activity with urease inhibitors. Hence, studies of urease inhibitors have attracted great attention all over the world and a variety of effective urease inhibitors have been synthesized in recent years. In this review, we will draw summaries for these inhibitors including urease inhibitory activity, inhibition kinetics, structure-activity relationship, and molecular docking. The collected information is expected to provide rational guidance and effective strategy to develop novel, potent, and safe urease inhibitors for better practical applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Teaching and Research Section of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qianqian Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Teaching and Research Section of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhiyun Peng
- Office of Drug Clinical Trial Institutions, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
| | - Guangcheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
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5
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Synthesis, Molecular Docking and Biological Evaluation of Diaryl Pyrimidine Derivatives as Urease Inhibitors. Pharm Chem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-022-02582-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Song WQ, Liu ML, Li SY, Xiao ZP. Recent Efforts in the Discovery of Urease Inhibitor Identifications. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 22:95-107. [PMID: 34844543 DOI: 10.2174/1568026621666211129095441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Urease is an attractive drug target for designing anti-infective agents against pathogens such as Helicobacter pylori, Proteus mirabilis, and Ureaplasma urealyticum. In the past century, hundreds of medicinal chemists focused their efforts on explorations of urease inhibitors. Despite the FDA's approval of acetohydroxamic acid as a urease inhibitor for the treatment of struvite nephrolithiasis and the widespread use of N-(n-butyl)thiophosphoric triamide as a soil urease inhibitor as nitrogen fertilizer synergists in agriculture, urease inhibitors with high potency and safety are urgently needed. Exploration of novel urease inhibitors has therefore become a hot research topic recently. Herein, inhibitors identified worldwide from 2016 to 2021 have been reviewed. They structurally belong to more than 20 classes of compounds such as urea/thioure analogues, hydroxamic acids, sulfonamides, metal complexes, and triazoles. Some inhibitors showed excellent potency with IC50 values lower than 10 nM, having 10000-fold higher potency than the positive control thiourea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Qin Song
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research, Resource Mining and High-valued Utilization on Edible & Medicinal Plant, Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Analyse and Drugs Development of Ethnomedicine in Wuling Mountains, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, Jishou University, Jishou 416000. China
| | - Mei-Ling Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research, Resource Mining and High-valued Utilization on Edible & Medicinal Plant, Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Analyse and Drugs Development of Ethnomedicine in Wuling Mountains, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, Jishou University, Jishou 416000. China
| | - Su-Ya Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research, Resource Mining and High-valued Utilization on Edible & Medicinal Plant, Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Analyse and Drugs Development of Ethnomedicine in Wuling Mountains, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, Jishou University, Jishou 416000. China
| | - Zhu-Ping Xiao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research, Resource Mining and High-valued Utilization on Edible & Medicinal Plant, Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Analyse and Drugs Development of Ethnomedicine in Wuling Mountains, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, Jishou University, Jishou 416000. China
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Ghobadi E, Ghanbarimasir Z, Emami S. A review on the structures and biological activities of anti-Helicobacter pylori agents. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 223:113669. [PMID: 34218084 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is one of the main causal risk factor in the generation of chronic gastritis, gastroduodenal ulcers and gastric carcinoma. Thus, the eradication of H. pylori infection is an important way for preventing and managing the gastric diseases. Multiple-therapy with several antibacterial agents is used for the eradication of H. pylori infections; however the increase of resistance to H. pylori strains has resulted in unsatisfactory eradication and unsuccessful treatment. Furthermore, the combination therapy with high dosing leads to the disruption of intestinal microbial flora and undesired side effects. Therefore, the search for new therapeutic agents with high selectivity against H. pylori is a field of current interest. In recent years, diverse compounds originating from natural sources or synthetic drug design programs were evaluated and tried to optimize for applying against H. pylori. In this review, we have described various classes of anti-H. pylori compounds, their structure-activity relationship studies, and mechanism of actions, which could be useful for the development of new drugs for the treatment of H. pylori infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Ghobadi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Zahra Ghanbarimasir
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Saeed Emami
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
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Krátký M, Svrčková K, Vu QA, Štěpánková Š, Vinšová J. Hydrazones of 4-(Trifluoromethyl)benzohydrazide as New Inhibitors of Acetyl- and Butyrylcholinesterase. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26040989. [PMID: 33668452 PMCID: PMC7918878 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the broad spectrum of biological activity of hydrazide–hydrazones, trifluoromethyl compounds, and clinical usage of cholinesterase inhibitors, we investigated hydrazones obtained from 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzohydrazide and various benzaldehydes or aliphatic ketones as potential inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). They were evaluated using Ellman’s spectrophotometric method. The hydrazide–hydrazones produced a dual inhibition of both cholinesterase enzymes with IC50 values of 46.8–137.7 µM and 19.1–881.1 µM for AChE and BuChE, respectively. The majority of the compounds were stronger inhibitors of AChE; four of them (2-bromobenzaldehyde, 3-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde, cyclohexanone, and camphor-based 2o, 2p, 3c, and 3d, respectively) produced a balanced inhibition of the enzymes and only 2-chloro/trifluoromethyl benzylidene derivatives 2d and 2q were found to be more potent inhibitors of BuChE. 4-(Trifluoromethyl)-N’-[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzylidene]benzohydrazide 2l produced the strongest inhibition of AChE via mixed-type inhibition determined experimentally. Structure–activity relationships were identified. The compounds fit physicochemical space for targeting central nervous systems with no apparent cytotoxicity for eukaryotic cell line together. The study provides new insights into this CF3-hydrazide–hydrazone scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Krátký
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (Q.A.V.); (J.V.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Katarína Svrčková
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic; (K.S.); (Š.Š.)
| | - Quynh Anh Vu
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (Q.A.V.); (J.V.)
| | - Šárka Štěpánková
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic; (K.S.); (Š.Š.)
| | - Jarmila Vinšová
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (Q.A.V.); (J.V.)
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N-monosubstituted thiosemicarbazide as novel Ure inhibitors: synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking. Future Med Chem 2020; 12:1633-1645. [PMID: 32892642 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2020-0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Identification of novel Ure inhibitors with high potency has received considerable attention. Methodology & results: Ure inhibition was determined using the indophenol method, the affinities to Ure were estimated via surface plasmon resonance. Seventeen new plus ten known N-monosubstituted thiosemicarbazides were synthesized and identified as novel Ure inhibitors. Out of these compounds, compound b5 shows excellent activity against both crude Ure from Helicobacter pylori (IC50 = 0.04 μM) and Ure in living cell (IC50 = 0.27 μM), with the potency being over 600-fold higher than clinical used drug acetohyroxamic acid, respectively. Surface plasmon resonance demonstrated the high affinity (Kd.#x00A0;= 6.32 nM) of b5 to Ure. Conclusion: This work provides a class of novel and promising Ure inhibitors.
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10
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Salehi Ashani R, Azizian H, Sadeghi Alavijeh N, Fathi Vavsari V, Mahernia S, Sheysi N, Biglar M, Amanlou M, Balalaie S. Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Molecular Docking of Deferasirox and Substituted 1,2,4-Triazole Derivatives as Novel Potent Urease Inhibitors: Proposing Repositioning Candidate. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e1900710. [PMID: 32187446 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A series of new deferasirox derivatives were synthesized through the reaction of monosubstituted hydrazides with 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-benzo[e][1,3]oxazin-4-one. For the first time, deferasirox and some of its derivatives were evaluated for their in vitro inhibitory activity against Jack bean urease. The potencies of the members of this class of compounds are higher than that of acetohydroxamic acid. Two compounds, bearing tetrazole and hydrazine derivatives (bioisoester of carboxylate group), represented the most potent urease inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 1.268 and 3.254 μm, respectively. In silico docking studies were performed to delineate possible binding modes of the compounds with the enzyme, urease. Docking analysis suggests that the synthesized compounds were anchored well in the catalytic site and extending to the entrance of binding pocket and thus restrict the mobility of the flap by interacting with its crucial amino acid residues, CME592 and His593. The overall results of urease inhibition have shown that these target compounds can be further optimized and developed as a lead skeleton for the discovery of novel urease inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Salehi Ashani
- Peptide Chemistry Research Center, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, P.O. Box, 15875-4416, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homa Azizian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, International Campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box, 14665-354, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Sadeghi Alavijeh
- Peptide Chemistry Research Center, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, P.O. Box, 15875-4416, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vaezeh Fathi Vavsari
- Peptide Chemistry Research Center, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, P.O. Box, 15875-4416, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shabnam Mahernia
- Drug Design and Development Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box, 14155-6451, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloofar Sheysi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box, 14155-6451, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Biglar
- Drug Design and Development Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box, 14155-6451, Tehran, Iran
| | - Massoud Amanlou
- Drug Design and Development Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box, 14155-6451, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box, 14155-6451, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Balalaie
- Peptide Chemistry Research Center, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, P.O. Box, 15875-4416, Tehran, Iran.,Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box, 67155-1616, Kermanshah, Iran
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Flavodoxins as Novel Therapeutic Targets against Helicobacter pylori and Other Gastric Pathogens. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051881. [PMID: 32164177 PMCID: PMC7084853 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavodoxins are small soluble electron transfer proteins widely present in bacteria and absent in vertebrates. Flavodoxins participate in different metabolic pathways and, in some bacteria, they have been shown to be essential proteins representing promising therapeutic targets to fight bacterial infections. Using purified flavodoxin and chemical libraries, leads can be identified that block flavodoxin function and act as bactericidal molecules, as it has been demonstrated for Helicobacter pylori (Hp), the most prevalent human gastric pathogen. Increasing antimicrobial resistance by this bacterium has led current therapies to lose effectiveness, so alternative treatments are urgently required. Here, we summarize, with a focus on flavodoxin, opportunities for pharmacological intervention offered by the potential protein targets described for this bacterium and provide information on other gastrointestinal pathogens and also on bacteria from the gut microbiota that contain flavodoxin. The process of discovery and development of novel antimicrobials specific for Hp flavodoxin that is being carried out in our group is explained, as it can be extrapolated to the discovery of inhibitors specific for other gastric pathogens. The high specificity for Hp of the antimicrobials developed may be of help to reduce damage to the gut microbiota and to slow down the development of resistant Hp mutants.
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12
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Discovery and development of novel rhodanine derivatives targeting enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:1509-1516. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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