1
|
Balaes T, Marandis CG, Mangalagiu V, Glod M, Mangalagiu II. New insides into chimeric and hybrid azines derivatives with antifungal activity. Future Med Chem 2024; 16:1163-1180. [PMID: 38916566 PMCID: PMC11216630 DOI: 10.1080/17568919.2024.2351288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
During the last decades, five or six member rings azaheterocycles compounds appear to be an extremely valuable source of antifungal agents. Their use seems to be a very attractive solution in antifungal therapy and to overcome antifungal resistance in agriculture. The present review highlights the main results obtained in the field of hybrid and chimeric azine (especially pyridine, quinoline, phenanthroline, bypyridine, naphthyridine and their fused derivatives) derivatives presented in scientific literature from the last 10 years, with emphasis on antifungal activity of the mentioned compounds. A special attention was played to hybrid and chimeric azole-azine class, having in view the high antifungal potential of azoles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiberius Balaes
- Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, 20A Carol 1st Bvd, Iasi, 700505, Romania
| | | | - Violeta Mangalagiu
- Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Institute of Interdisciplinary Research-CERNESIM center, 11 Carol I, Iasi700506, Romania
- Stefan Cel Mare University of Suceava, Faculty of Food Engineering, 13 Universitatii Str., Suceava720229, Romania
| | - Mihai Glod
- Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Clinical Hospital CF Iasi, Universității 16 Str., Iasi700115, Romania
| | - Ionel I Mangalagiu
- Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Faculty of Chemistry, 11 Carol 1st Bvd, Iasi700506, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jastrzębska A, Kmieciak A, Gralak Z, Brzuzy K, Krzemiński M, Gorczyca D, Szłyk E. A new approach for analysing biogenic amines in meat samples: Microwave-assisted derivatisation using 2-chloro-3-nitropyridine. Food Chem 2024; 436:137686. [PMID: 37839119 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Biogenic amines are compounds whose occurrence in meat is linked to the presence of undesirable microorganisms. They can be utilised as a means to assess the quality and purity of the raw material. Therefore, the methods used to determine their levels are crucial in ensuring meat safety. We propose 2-chloro-3-nitropyridine as a new reagent for microwave-assisted synthesis of biogenic amine derivatives. The obtained products were synthesised with high purity and yield and characterised using 1H and 13C NMR as well as high-resolution mass spectrometry. The proposed derivatisation procedure, coupled with the HPLC method, was applied to determine the levels of biogenic amines in sirloin, ham, and chicken breast samples. Furthermore, differences in the content of the aforementioned compounds in the meat samples were analysed after storage for 24 and 72 h. The results suggest that cadaverine can be considered the primary indicator of meat changes, regardless of its type.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Jastrzębska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 7 Gagarin Str., 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Anna Kmieciak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 7 Gagarin Str., 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Gralak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 7 Gagarin Str., 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Kamil Brzuzy
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 7 Gagarin Str., 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Marek Krzemiński
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 7 Gagarin Str., 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Damian Gorczyca
- Lazarski University, 43 Świeradowska Str., 02-662 Warsaw, Poland; LymeLab Pharma, Kochanowskiego 49A Str., 01-864 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Edward Szłyk
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 7 Gagarin Str., 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kappenberg YG, Nogara PA, Stefanello FS, Delgado CP, Rocha JBT, Zanatta N, Martins MAP, Bonacorso HG. 1,2,3-Triazolo[4,5-b]aminoquinolines: Design, synthesis, structure, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activity, and molecular docking of novel modified tacrines. Bioorg Chem 2023; 139:106704. [PMID: 37453239 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
An efficient [4 + 2] cyclization protocol to synthesize a series of twelve examples of 1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]aminoquinolines (5) as novel structurally modified tacrines was obtained by reacting readily accessible precursors (i.e., 3-alky(aryl)-5-amino-1,2,3-triazole-4-carbonitriles (3)) and selected cycloalkanones (4) of five-, six-, and seven-membered rings. We evaluated the AChE and BChE inhibitory activity of the novel modified tacrines 5, and the compound derivatives from cyclohexanone (4b) showed the best AChE and BChE inhibitory activities. Specifically, 1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]aminoquinolines 5bb obtained from 3-methyl-carbonitrile (3b) showed the highest AChE (IC50 = 12.01 μM), while 5ib from 3-sulfonamido-carbonitrile (3i) was the most significant inhibitor for BChE (IC50 = 1.78 μM). In general, the inhibitory potency of compound 5 was weaker than the pure tacrine reference, and our findings may help to design and develop novel anticholinesterase drugs based on modified tacrines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuri G Kappenberg
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Pablo A Nogara
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 - Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Instituto Federal Sul-Rio-Grandense (IFSul), 96418-400- Bagé, RS, Brazil
| | - Felipe S Stefanello
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Cássia P Delgado
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 - Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - João B T Rocha
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 - Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Nilo Zanatta
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcos A P Martins
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Helio G Bonacorso
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gudimani P, Hebbar NU, Shastri SL, Shastri LA, Shettar AK, Hoskeri JH, Joshi S, Sunagar VA. A new approach for the synthesis of tri-substituted pyrazole propionic acids derivatives: Anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and molecular docking studies. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
|
5
|
Yang F, Liu F, Min Y, Shi L, Liu M, Wang K, Ke S, Gong Y, Yang Z. Novel Steroidal[17,16-d]pyrimidines Derived from Epiandrosterone and Androsterone: Synthesis, Characterization and Configuration-Activity Relationships. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062691. [PMID: 36985662 PMCID: PMC10054084 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Two series of novel steroidal[17,16-d]pyrimidines derived from natural epiandrosterone and androsterone were designed and synthesized, and these compounds were screened for their potential anticancer activities. The preliminary bioassay indicated that some of these prepared compounds exhibited significantly good cytotoxic activities against human gastric cancer (SGC-7901), lung cancer (A549), and hepatocellular liver carcinoma (HepG2) cell lines compared with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), epiandrosterone, and androsterone. Especially the respective pairs from epiandrosterone and androsterone showed significantly different inhibitory activities, and the possible configuration-activity relationships have also been summarized and discussed based on kinase assay and molecular docking, which indicated that the inhibition activities of these steroidal[17,16-d]pyrimidines might obviously be affected by the configuration of the hydroxyl group in the part of the steroidal scaffold.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Pesticides, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Pesticides, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Yong Min
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Pesticides, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Liqiao Shi
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Pesticides, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Manli Liu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Pesticides, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Kaimei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Pesticides, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Shaoyong Ke
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Pesticides, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (Y.G.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Yan Gong
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Pesticides, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (Y.G.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Ziwen Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Pesticides, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (Y.G.); (Z.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Vibrational Spectroscopic, quantum computational (DFT), reactivity (ELF, LOL and Fukui), molecular docking studies and molecular dynamic simulation on (6-methoxy-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl) methyl morpholine-4-carbodithioate. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.121147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
7
|
Deng C, Yan H, Wang J, Liu K, Liu BS, Shi YM. 1,2,3-Triazole-containing hybrids with potential antibacterial activity against ESKAPE pathogens. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 244:114888. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
8
|
Ullah I, Ilyas M, Omer M, Alamzeb M, Adnan, Sohail M. Fluorinated triazoles as privileged potential candidates in drug development—focusing on their biological and pharmaceutical properties. Front Chem 2022; 10:926723. [PMID: 36017163 PMCID: PMC9395585 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.926723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorinated heterocycles have attracted extensive attention not only in organic synthesis but also in pharmaceutical and medicinal sciences due to their enhanced biological activities than their non-fluorinated counterparts. Triazole is a simple five-membered heterocycle with three nitrogen atoms found in both natural and synthetic molecules that impart a broad spectrum of biological properties including but not limited to anticancer, antiproliferative, inhibitory, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, antiallergic, and antioxidant properties. In addition, incorporation of fluorine into triazole and its derivatives has been reported to enhance their pharmacological activity, making them promising drug candidates. This mini-review explores the current developments of backbone-fluorinated triazoles and functionalized fluorinated triazoles with established biological activities and pharmacological properties.
Collapse
|
9
|
Design, synthesis, and antimicrobial evaluation of novel 10-Undecenoic acid-based lipidic triazoles. Med Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-022-02940-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
|
10
|
A Facile One-Pot Synthesis of New Poly Functionalized Pyrrolotriazoles via a Regioselective Multicomponent Cyclisation and Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling Reactions. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12080828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The first access to N-1, N-4 disubstituted pyrrolo[2,3-d][1,2,3]triazoles is reported. The series were generated using a “one-pot” MCR, leading to a single regioisomer of the attempted heteroaromatic skeleton in good yields. Next, the functionalization of C-5 and C-6 positions was investigated. (Het)aryl groups were introduced at the C-5 and C-6 positions of the pyrrolo[2,3-d][1,2,3]triazoles using regioselective electrophilic brominations followed by Suzuki–Miyaura cross coupling reactions. Palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling conditions were optimized and a representative library of various boronic acids was employed to establish the scope and limitations of the method.
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
A series of new trifluoromethyl-substituted quinolones and hydantoin hybrids has been synthesized and evaluated against Gram-positive bacterium (Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 96) and Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC 441, Klebsiella pneumonia MTCC 109, and Escherichia coli MTCC 442). Compound 19c, having the 6-propene group on the quinolone ring, showed similar activity to a standard drug (chloramphenicol) by exhibiting MIC values of 50 µg/mL against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Physicochemical properties of compound 19c were also determined, which were in line with Lipinski’s rule of five, suggesting the suitability of compound 19c in biological systems. Various types of binding interactions of 19c within the active site of DNA gyrase of S. aureus were also streamlined by molecular docking studies, suggesting its capability to block the catalytic process of the DNA gyrase, which could be the possible reason for its antibacterial potential.
Collapse
|
12
|
Yadav TT, Moin Shaikh G, Kumar MS, Chintamaneni M, YC M. A Review on Fused Pyrimidine Systems as EGFR Inhibitors and Their Structure–Activity Relationship. Front Chem 2022; 10:861288. [PMID: 35769445 PMCID: PMC9234326 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.861288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) belongs to the family of tyrosine kinase that is activated when a specific ligand binds to it. The EGFR plays a vital role in the cellular proliferation process, differentiation, and apoptosis. In the case of cancer, EGFR undergoes uncontrolled auto-phosphorylation that results in increased cellular proliferation and decreased apoptosis, causing cancer promotion. From the literature, it shows that pyrimidine is one of the most commonly studied heterocycles for its antiproliferative activity against EGFR inhibition. The authors have collated some interesting results in the heterocycle-fused pyrimidines that have been studied using different cell lines (sensitive and mutational) and in animal models to determine their activity and potency. It is quite clear that the fused systems are highly effective in inhibiting EGFR activity in cancer cells. Therefore, the structure–activity relationship (SAR) comes into play in determining the nature of the heterocycle and the substituents that are responsible for the increased activity and toxicity. Understanding the SAR of heterocycle-fused pyrimidines will help in getting a better overview of the molecules concerning their activity and potency profile as future EGFR inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mayur YC
- *Correspondence: Mayur YC, mayur
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bhagat DS, Bumbrah GS, Chawla PA, Gurnule WB, Shejul SK. Recent advances in synthesis and anticancer potential of triazole containing scaffolds. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2022; 22:2852-2875. [PMID: 35176982 DOI: 10.2174/1871520622666220217161346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the most lethal disease that may be found anywhere on the globe. Approximately 10% of individuals die as a result of cancer of various types, with 19.3 million new cancer cases and 10 million deaths expected in 2020. More than 100 medications are commercially available for the treatment of cancer, but only a few candidates have high specificity, resulting in several side effects. The scientific community has spent the past decades focusing on drug discovery. Natural resources are used to isolate pharmaceutically active candidates, which are then synthesized in laboratories. More than 60% of all prescribed drugs are made from natural ingredients. Unique five-membered heteroaromatic center motifs with sulfur, oxygen and nitrogen atoms are found in heterocyclic compounds such as indazole, thiazole, triazole, triazole, and oxazole, and are used as a core scaffold in many medicinally important therapies. Triazole possesses a wide range of pharmacological activities including anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, antibiotic antiviral, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-HIV, antidiabetic, and antiprotozoal activities. Novel Triazole motifs with a variety of biological characteristics have been successfully synthesized using versatile synthetic methods. We intend here to facilitate the rational design and development of innovative triazole-based anti-cancer medicines with increased selectivity for various cancer cell lines by providing insight into various ligand-receptor interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Devidas S Bhagat
- Department of Forensic Chemistry and Toxicology, Government Institute of Forensic Science, Aurangabad 431 004, (MS), India
| | - Gurvinder S Bumbrah
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Forensic Science, Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University, 122413, Haryana, India
| | - Pooja A Chawla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Wasudeo B Gurnule
- Department of Chemistry, Kamla Nehru Mahavidyalaya, Nagpur-440024, (MS) India
| | - Sampada K Shejul
- Department of Life Science, Vivekanand Arts, Sardar Dalipsingh Commerce and Science College, Aurangabad 431 001, (MS), India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yang B, Kong Y, Hu Y, Zhuang Y, Wang N, Zhang J, Cai J, Dong C. Synthesis and Primary Biological Evaluation of Triazole‐Modified Picroside II Compounds. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou 450046 Henan China E-mail: chunhong
| | - Yuanfang Kong
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou 450046 Henan China E-mail: chunhong
| | - Yulong Hu
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou 450046 Henan China E-mail: chunhong
- Henan Polysaccharide Research Center Zhengzhou 450046 Henan China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Polysaccharides and Drugs Research Zhengzhou 450046 Henan China
| | - Yan Zhuang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou 450046 Henan China E-mail: chunhong
- Henan Polysaccharide Research Center Zhengzhou 450046 Henan China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Polysaccharides and Drugs Research Zhengzhou 450046 Henan China
| | - Ning Wang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou 450046 Henan China E-mail: chunhong
- Henan Polysaccharide Research Center Zhengzhou 450046 Henan China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Polysaccharides and Drugs Research Zhengzhou 450046 Henan China
| | - Jingyu Zhang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou 450046 Henan China E-mail: chunhong
| | - Juntao Cai
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou 450046 Henan China E-mail: chunhong
- Henan Polysaccharide Research Center Zhengzhou 450046 Henan China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Polysaccharides and Drugs Research Zhengzhou 450046 Henan China
| | - Chunhong Dong
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou 450046 Henan China E-mail: chunhong
- Henan Polysaccharide Research Center Zhengzhou 450046 Henan China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Polysaccharides and Drugs Research Zhengzhou 450046 Henan China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Qin Z, Ma Y, Li F. Construction of a Pyrimidine Framework through [3 + 2 + 1] Annulation of Amidines, Ketones, and N, N-Dimethylaminoethanol as One Carbon Donor. J Org Chem 2021; 86:13734-13743. [PMID: 34541847 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
An efficient, facile, and eco-friendly synthesis of pyrimidine derivatives has been developed. It involves a [3 + 2 + 1] three-component annulation of amidines, ketones, and one carbon source. N,N-Dimethylaminoethanol is oxidized through C(sp3)-H activation to provide the carbon donor. One C-C and two C-N bonds are formed during the oxidative annulation process. The reaction shows good tolerance to many important functional groups in air, making this methodology a highly versatile alternative, and significant improvement to the existing methods for structuring a pyrimidine framework, especially 4-aliphatic pyrimidines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zemin Qin
- Institute of Advanced Studies and School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, P R China.,School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, P R China
| | - Yongmin Ma
- Institute of Advanced Studies and School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, P R China.,School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, P R China
| | - Fanzhu Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, P R China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Haroun M, Tratrat C, Kochkar H, Nair AB. CDATA[Recent Advances in the Development of 1,2,3-Triazole-containing Derivatives as Potential Antifungal Agents and Inhibitors of Lanoster ol 14α-Demethylase. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 21:462-506. [PMID: 33319673 DOI: 10.2174/1568026621999201214232018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
1,2,3-Triazole, a five-membered heterocyclic nucleus, is widely recognized as a key chromophore of great value in medicinal chemistry for delivering compounds possessing innumerable biological activities, including antimicrobial, antitubercular, antidiabetic, antiviral, antitumor, antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory activities. Mainly, in the past years, diverse conjugates carrying this biologically valuable core have been reported due to their attractive fungicidal potential and potent effects on various infective targets. Hence, hybridization of 1,2,3-triazole with other antimicrobial pharmacophores appears to be a judicious strategy to develop new effective anti-fungal candidates to combat the emergence of drug-sensitive and drug-resistant infectious diseases. Thus, the current review highlights the recent advances of this promising category of 1,2,3-triazole-containing hybrids incorporating diverse varieties of bioactive heterocycles such as conozole, coumarin, imidazole, benzimidazole, pyrazole, indole, oxindole, chromene, pyrane, quinazoline, chalcone, isoflavone, carbohydrates, and amides. It underlies their inhibition behavior against a wide array of infectious fungal species during 2015-2020.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelyne Haroun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Christophe Tratrat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hafedh Kochkar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anroop B Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Paronikyan EG, Dashyan SS, Mamyan SS, Ayvazyan AG. Dimroth rearrangement in the row of new pyrano[3,4‐
c
][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3‐
a
][1,5‐
a
]pyridines and synthesis of new heterocyclic systems: Pyranopyrazolo[4,3‐
e
][1,2,4]triazolopyridines. J Heterocycl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ervand G. Paronikyan
- Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry National Academy of Science of Republic of Armenia Yerevan Armenia
| | - Shushanik Sh. Dashyan
- Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry National Academy of Science of Republic of Armenia Yerevan Armenia
| | - Suren S. Mamyan
- Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry National Academy of Science of Republic of Armenia Yerevan Armenia
| | - Armen G. Ayvazyan
- Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry National Academy of Science of Republic of Armenia Yerevan Armenia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kumar H, Dhameja M, Rizvi M, Gupta P. Progress in the Synthesis of Fused 1,2,3‐Triazoles. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202100442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hariom Kumar
- Department of Chemistry School of Physical & Decision Sciences Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University) Rae barelli Road Lucknow 226025, U. P. India
| | - Manoj Dhameja
- Department of Chemistry School of Physical & Decision Sciences Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University) Rae barelli Road Lucknow 226025, U. P. India
| | - Marziya Rizvi
- Department of Chemistry School of Physical & Decision Sciences Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University) Rae barelli Road Lucknow 226025, U. P. India
| | - Preeti Gupta
- Department of Chemistry School of Physical & Decision Sciences Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University) Rae barelli Road Lucknow 226025, U. P. India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Antibacterial activities with the structure-activity relationship of coumarin derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 207:112832. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
20
|
Zhuang J, Ma S. Recent Development of Pyrimidine‐Containing Antimicrobial Agents. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:1875-1886. [PMID: 32797654 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianxing Zhuang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University West Wenhua Road, 44 Jinan 250012 P.R. China
| | - Shutao Ma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University West Wenhua Road, 44 Jinan 250012 P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
FT-IR and FT-Raman investigation, quantum chemical studies, molecular docking study and antimicrobial activity studies on novel bioactive drug of 1-(2,4-Dichlorobenzyl)-3-[2-(3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(4-(propan-2-yl)phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-4-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1,3-thiazol-5(4H)-ylidence]-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-2-one. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
22
|
Mondal D, Balakrishna MS. Triazole Appended Phosphines: Synthesis, Palladium Complexes, and Catalytic Studies. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dipanjan Mondal
- Phosphorus Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay; 400076 Powai Mumbai India
| | - Maravanji S. Balakrishna
- Phosphorus Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay; 400076 Powai Mumbai India
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Bakr RB, Elkanzi NAA. Preparation of some novel thiazolidinones, imidazolinones, and azetidinone bearing pyridine and pyrimidine moieties with antimicrobial activity. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rania B. Bakr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of PharmacyJouf University Sakaka Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of PharmacyBeni‐Suef University Beni‐Suef Egypt
| | - Nadia A. A. Elkanzi
- Chemistry Department, College of ScienceJouf University P.O. Box: 2014, Sakaka Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of ScienceAswan University P.O. Box: 81528, Aswan Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Rani A, Singh G, Singh A, Maqbool U, Kaur G, Singh J. CuAAC-ensembled 1,2,3-triazole-linked isosteres as pharmacophores in drug discovery: review. RSC Adv 2020; 10:5610-5635. [PMID: 35497465 PMCID: PMC9049420 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra09510a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The review lays emphasis on the significance of 1,2,3-triazoles synthesized via CuAAC reaction having potential to act as anti-microbial, anti-cancer, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, anti-tuberculosis, anti-diabetic, and anti-Alzheimer drugs. The importance of click chemistry is due to its 'quicker' methodology that has the capability to create complex and efficient drugs with high yield and purity from simple and cheap starting materials. The activity of different triazolyl compounds was compiled considering MIC, IC50, and EC50 values against different species of microbes. In addition to this, the anti-oxidant property of triazolyl compounds have also been reviewed and discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alisha Rani
- Department of Chemistry, Lovely Professional University Phagwara-144411 Punjab India +91 9815967272
| | - Gurjaspreet Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University Chandigarh-160014 India
| | - Akshpreet Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University Chandigarh-160014 India
| | - Ubair Maqbool
- Department of Chemistry, Lovely Professional University Phagwara-144411 Punjab India +91 9815967272
| | - Gurpreet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Gujranwala Guru Nanak Khalsa College Civil Lines Ludhiana-141001 India
| | - Jandeep Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Lovely Professional University Phagwara-144411 Punjab India +91 9815967272
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Guo N, Liu X, Xu H, Zhou X, Zhao H. A simple route towards the synthesis of 1,4,5-trisubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles from primary amines and 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds under metal-free conditions. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:6148-6152. [PMID: 31187848 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01156k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
An acetic acid-promoted approach that enables the synthesis of 1,4,5-trisubstituted 1,2,3-triazole derivatives has been achieved. This transformation employs readily available primary amines, 1,3-dicarbonyls and tosyl azide as the starting materials via a cycloaddition reaction under metal-free conditions. The reaction provides a simple access to fully substituted 1,2,3-triazoles from commercial substrates in moderate to excellent yields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ningxin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, P. R. China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Bozorov K, Zhao J, Aisa HA. 1,2,3-Triazole-containing hybrids as leads in medicinal chemistry: A recent overview. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:3511-3531. [PMID: 31300317 PMCID: PMC7185471 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 371] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The 1,2,3-triazole ring is a major pharmacophore system among nitrogen-containing heterocycles. These five-membered heterocyclic motifs with three nitrogen heteroatoms can be prepared easily using 'click' chemistry with copper- or ruthenium-catalysed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reactions. Recently, the 'linker' property of 1,2,3-triazoles was demonstrated, and a novel class of 1,2,3-triazole-containing hybrids and conjugates was synthesised and evaluated as lead compounds for diverse biological targets. These lead compounds have been demonstrated as anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-tubercular, antiviral, antidiabetic, antimalarial, anti-leishmanial, and neuroprotective agents. The present review summarises advances in lead compounds of 1,2,3-triazole-containing hybrids, conjugates, and their related heterocycles in medicinal chemistry published in 2018. This review will be useful to scientists in research fields of organic synthesis, medicinal chemistry, phytochemistry, and pharmacology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khurshed Bozorov
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 40-1 South Beijing Rd, Urumqi 830011, PR China; Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Mirzo Ulugbek Str. 77, Tashkent 100170, Uzbekistan.
| | - Jiangyu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 40-1 South Beijing Rd, Urumqi 830011, PR China.
| | - Haji A Aisa
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 40-1 South Beijing Rd, Urumqi 830011, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Singh A, Singh JV, Rana A, Bhagat K, Gulati HK, Kumar R, Salwan R, Bhagat K, Kaur G, Singh N, Kumar R, Singh H, Sharma S, Bedi PMS. Monocarbonyl Curcumin-Based Molecular Hybrids as Potent Antibacterial Agents. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:11673-11684. [PMID: 31460274 PMCID: PMC6682034 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Keeping in view various pharmacological attributes of curcumin, coumarin, and isatin derivatives, triazole-tethered monocarbonyl curcumin-coumarin and curcumin-isatin molecular hybrids have been synthesized and evaluated for their antibacterial potential against Gram-positive (Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) human pathogenic bacterial strains. Among all hybrid molecules, A-4 and B-38 showed the most potent antibacterial activity with inhibition zones of 29 and 31 mm along with MIC values of 12.50 and 6.25 μg/mL, respectively. Structure-activity relationship that emerged from biological data revealed that the two-carbon alkyl chain between triazole and coumarin/isatin moiety is well tolerable for the activity. Bromo substitution at the fifth position of isatin, para-cholo substitution in the case of curcumin-isatin, and para-methoxy in the case of curcumin-coumarin hybrids on ring A of curcumin are most suitable groups for the antibacterial activity. Various types of binding interactions of A-4 and B-38 within the active site of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) of S. aureus are also streamlined by molecular modeling studies, suggesting their capability in completely blocking DHFR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atamjit Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Jatinder Vir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Abhineet Rana
- EMC Group
of Hospital, Green Avenue, Amritsar, Punjab 143001, India
| | - Kavita Bhagat
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Harmandeep Kaur Gulati
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Raman Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Rajan Salwan
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Kajal Bhagat
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Gurinder Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Navjot Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Randeep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Harbinder Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
- E-mail: (H.S.)
| | - Sahil Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
- E-mail: (S.S.)
| | - Preet Mohinder Singh Bedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
- E-mail: (P.M.S.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Synthesis of two novel alanine-based antibacterial and antioxidant chiral ionic liquids. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-0961-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
|
29
|
Bhagat K, Bhagat J, Gupta MK, Singh JV, Gulati HK, Singh A, Kaur K, Kaur G, Sharma S, Rana A, Singh H, Sharma S, Singh Bedi PM. Design, Synthesis, Antimicrobial Evaluation, and Molecular Modeling Studies of Novel Indolinedione-Coumarin Molecular Hybrids. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:8720-8730. [PMID: 31459961 PMCID: PMC6648594 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Keeping in view various pharmacological attributes of indole and coumarin derivatives, a new series of indolindione-coumarin molecular hybrids was rationally designed and synthesized. All synthesized hybrid molecules were evaluated for their antimicrobial potential against Gram-negative bacterial strains (Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica), Gram-positive bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium smegmatis), and four fungal strains (Candida albicans, Alternaria mali, Penicillium sp., and Fusarium oxysporum) by using the agar gel diffusion method. Among all synthetics, compounds K-1 and K-2 were found to be the best antimicrobial agents with the minimum inhibitory concentration values of 30 and 312 μg/mL, against Penicillium sp. and S. aureus, respectively. The biological data revealed some interesting facts about the structure-activity relationship which state that the electronic environment on the indolinedione moiety and carbon chain length between indolinedione and triazole moieties considerably affect the antimicrobial potential of the synthesized hybrids. Various types of binding interactions of K-2 within the active site of S. aureus dihydrofolate reductase were also streamlined by molecular modeling studies, which revealed the possible mechanism for potent antibacterial activity of the compound.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Bhagat
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Jyoti Bhagat
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Manish Kumar Gupta
- TERI-Deakin Nanobiotechnology Centre, The Energy and Resources Institute, TERI Gram, Gual Pahari, Gurugram, Haryana 122001, India
| | - Jatinder Vir Singh
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Harmandeep Kaur Gulati
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Atamjit Singh
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Kamalpreet Kaur
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Gurinder Kaur
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Shally Sharma
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Abhineet Rana
- EMC Group of Hospital, Green Avenue, Amritsar, Punjab 143001, India
| | - Harbinder Singh
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
- E-mail: . Phone: +919463148367 (H.S.)
| | - Sahil Sharma
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
- E-mail: (S.S.)
| | - Preet Mohinder Singh Bedi
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
- E-mail: . Phone: +919815698249 (P.M.S.B.)
| |
Collapse
|