1
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Huang WJ, Pannecouque C, De Clercq E, Wang S, Chen FE. Structure-based discovery of novel piperidine-biphenyl-DAPY derivatives as non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors featuring improved potency, safety, and selectivity: From piperazine-biphenyl-DAPYs to piperidine-biphenyl-DAPYs. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 276:116668. [PMID: 38996652 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Starting from our previously reported nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI, 3), continuous efforts were made to enhance its potency and safety through a structure-based drug design strategy. This led to the discovery of a series of novel piperidine-biphenyl-diarylpyrimidines (DAPYs). Compound 10p, the most active compound in this series, exhibited an EC50 value of 6 nM against wide-type HIV-1 strain, which was approximately 560-fold more potent than the initial compound 3 (EC50 = 3.36 μM). Furthermore, significant improvements were observed in cytotoxicity and selectivity (CC50 > 202.17 μM, SI > 33144) compared to compound 3 (CC50 = 14.84 μM, SI = 4). Additionally, compound 10p demonstrated increased inhibitory activity against clinically mutant virus strains (EC50 = 7-63 nM). Further toxicity evaluation revealed that compound 10p exhibited minimal CYP enzyme and hERG inhibition. Importantly, single-dose acute toxicity testing did not result in any fatalities or noticeable pathological damage in mice. Therefore, compound 10p can be regarded as a lead candidate for guiding further development of biphenyl-diarylpyrimidine NNRTIs with favorable druggability for HIV therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Juan Huang
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China; Shanghai Engineering Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis for Chiral Drugs, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | | | - Erik De Clercq
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Shuai Wang
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China; Shanghai Engineering Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis for Chiral Drugs, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Fen-Er Chen
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China; Shanghai Engineering Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis for Chiral Drugs, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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2
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Abimbola Salubi C, Abbo HS, Jahed N, Titinchi S. Medicinal chemistry perspectives on the development of piperazine-containing HIV-1 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 99:117605. [PMID: 38246116 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), one of the most perilous diseases known to humankind. A 2023 estimate put the number of people living with HIV around 40 million worldwide, with the majority benefiting from various antiretroviral therapies. Consequently, the urgent need for the development of effective drugs to combat this virus cannot be overstated. In the realm of medicinal and organic chemistry, the synthesis and identification of novel compounds capable of inhibiting HIV enzymes at different stages of their life cycle are of paramount importance. Notably, the spotlight is on the progress made in enhancing the potency of HIV inhibitors through the use of piperazine-based compounds. Multiple studies have revealed that the incorporation of a piperazine moiety results in a noteworthy enhancement of anti-HIV activity. The piperazine ring assumes a pivotal role in shaping the pharmacophore responsible for inhibiting HIV-1 at critical stage, including attachment, reverse transcription, integration, and protease activity. This review also sheds light on the various opportunities that can be exploited to develop effective antiretroviral targets and eliminate latent HIV reservoirs. The advancement of highly potent analogues in HIV inhibitor research has been greatly facilitated by contemporary medicinal strategies, including molecular/fragment hybridization, structure-based drug design, and bioisosterism. These techniques have opened up new avenues for the development of compounds with enhanced efficacy in combating the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiana Abimbola Salubi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Hanna S Abbo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nazeeen Jahed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Salam Titinchi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa.
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3
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Dashteh M, Baghery S, Zolfigol MA, Khazaei A, Khajevand M. Application of New Magnetic Graphene Oxide‐Porphyrin Nanoparticles for Synthesis of Pyridines and Pyrimidines
via
Anomeric‐Based Oxidation. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Dashteh
- Department of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry Bu-Ali Sina University Hamedan 6517838683 Iran
| | - Saeed Baghery
- Department of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry Bu-Ali Sina University Hamedan 6517838683 Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Zolfigol
- Department of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry Bu-Ali Sina University Hamedan 6517838683 Iran
| | - Ardeshir Khazaei
- Department of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry Bu-Ali Sina University Hamedan 6517838683 Iran
| | - Masuood Khajevand
- Department of Physical Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry Bu-Ali Sina University Hamedan Iran
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4
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Deng C, Yan H, Wang J, Liu K, Liu BS, Shi YM. Current scenario on non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (2018-present). ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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5
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Al-Ghorbani M, Gouda MA, Baashen M, Ranganatha V. L. Pyrimidine-Piperazine Hybrids; Recent Synthesis and Biological Activities. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2021.1998144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Al-Ghorbani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Ulla, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Thamar University, Thamar, Yemen
| | - Moustafa A. Gouda
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Ulla, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Baashen
- Department of Chemistry, Science and Humanities College, Shaqra University, Shaqraa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lakshmi Ranganatha V.
- Department of Chemistry, The National Institute of Engineering, Mysore, Karnataka, India
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6
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Recent studies of nitrogen containing heterocyclic compounds as novel antiviral agents: A review. Bioorg Chem 2021; 114:105076. [PMID: 34157555 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
N-heterocycles are important, not only because of their abundance, but above all because of their chemical, biological and technical significance. They play an important role in biological investigation such as anticancer, antiinflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, anti-tumor, antidiabetic, etc. In this study, we focused on examining synthesized some 5- or 6-ring N-heterocyclic compounds that showed the antiviral activity in last 5 years, and investigation of these compounds structure-activity relationship studies. This review will be useful to scientists in research fields of organic synthesis, medicinal chemistry, and pharmacology.
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7
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Nguyen TK, Titov GD, Khoroshilova OV, Kinzhalov MA, Rostovskii NV. Light-induced one-pot synthesis of pyrimidine derivatives from vinyl azides. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 18:4971-4982. [PMID: 32558855 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00693a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A one-pot procedure for the synthesis of tetrasubstituted dihydropyrimidine and pyrimidine derivatives from α-azidocinnamates was developed. The synthesis is based on the finding that the outcome of LED photolysis of α-azidocinnamates depends on the light wavelength employed. Blue light (455 nm) leads to the formation of 2H-azirines only, but violet light (395 nm), UV-A light (365 nm), or sunlight result in the transformation of the in situ formed 2H-azirines to 1,3-diazabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-3-enes. Under basic catalysis (DBU), the latter were isomerized to 1,6-dihydropyrimidines which were oxidized to pyrimidines using DDQ. A successful use of Cs2CO3 as a base and air as an oxidant was also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuan K Nguyen
- Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Nab., Saint Petersburg, 199034 Russian Federation.
| | - Gleb D Titov
- Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Nab., Saint Petersburg, 199034 Russian Federation.
| | - Olesya V Khoroshilova
- Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Nab., Saint Petersburg, 199034 Russian Federation.
| | - Mikhail A Kinzhalov
- Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Nab., Saint Petersburg, 199034 Russian Federation.
| | - Nikolai V Rostovskii
- Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Nab., Saint Petersburg, 199034 Russian Federation.
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8
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Zarenezhad E, Farjam M, Iraji A. Synthesis and biological activity of pyrimidines-containing hybrids: Focusing on pharmacological application. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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9
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BHARDWAJ N, CHOUDHARY D, PATHANIA A, BARANWAL S, KUMAR P. Synthesis and molecular docking studies of quinoline derivatives as HIV non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Turk J Chem 2020; 44:1623-1641. [PMID: 33488258 PMCID: PMC7772092 DOI: 10.3906/kim-2004-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Quinoline moiety is an important scaffold in the field of drug discovery and drug development, with a wide range of pharmacological activities. Quinoline derivatives are potent inhibitors for reverse transcriptase, which is responsible for the conversion of single-stranded viral RNA into double-stranded viral DNA.In the present study, we have designed and synthesized 2 series, namely pyrazoline and pyrimidine containing quinoline derivatives as non nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs). Eleven compounds were synthesized and characterized by 1H and 13C NMR and mass spectrophotometry. The synthesized compounds were also docked on an HIV reverse transcriptase binding site (PDB: 4I2P); most of these compounds showed good binding interactions with the active domain of the receptor. Most of the compounds displayed a docking score higher than those of standard drugs. Among the synthesized quinoline derivatives, compound 4 exhibited the highest docking score (-10.675).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivedita BHARDWAJ
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, BathindaIndia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), VaranasiIndia
| | - Diksha CHOUDHARY
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, BathindaIndia
| | - Akashdeep PATHANIA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, BathindaIndia
| | - Somesh BARANWAL
- Department of Microbiology, Central University of Punjab, BathindaIndia
| | - Pradeep KUMAR
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, BathindaIndia
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10
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Sharma A, Wakode S, Fayaz F, Khasimbi S, Pottoo FH, Kaur A. An Overview of Piperazine Scaffold as Promising Nucleus for Different Therapeutic Targets. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:4373-4385. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200417154810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Piperazine scaffolds are a group of heterocyclic atoms having pharmacological values and showing
significant results in pharmaceutical chemistry. Piperazine has a flexible core structure for the design and synthesis
of new bioactive compounds. These flexible heterogenous compounds exhibit various biological roles, primarily
anticancer, antioxidant, cognition enhancers, antimicrobial, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antiinflammatory,
anti-HIV-1 inhibitors, antidiabetic, antimalarial, antidepressant, antianxiety and anticonvulsant
activities, etc. In the past few years, researchers focused on the therapeutic profile of piperazine synthons for
different biological targets. The present review highlights the development in designing pharmacological activities
of nitrogen-containing piperazine moiety as a therapeutic agent. The extensive popularity of piperazine as a
drug of abuse and their vast heterogeneity research efforts over the last years motivated the new investigators to
further explore this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Sector-3, MB Road, Pushp Vihar, New Delhi-110017, India
| | - Sharad Wakode
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Sector-3, MB Road, Pushp Vihar, New Delhi-110017, India
| | - Faizana Fayaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Sector-3, MB Road, Pushp Vihar, New Delhi-110017, India
| | - Shaik Khasimbi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Sector-3, MB Road, Pushp Vihar, New Delhi-110017, India
| | - Faheem H. Pottoo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. BOX 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Avneet Kaur
- SGT college of Pharmacy, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana- 122001, India
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11
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Zhang RH, Wang S, Luo RH, Zhou M, Zhang H, Xu GB, Zhao YL, Li YJ, Wang YL, Yan G, Liao SG, Zheng YT, Li R. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of 2-amino-N-(2-methoxyphenyl)-6-((4-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl)benzamide derivatives as potent HIV-1 Vif inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:126638. [PMID: 31685340 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.126638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Viral infectivity factor (Vif) is one of the accessory protein of human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) that inhibits host defense factor, APOBEC3G (A3G), mediated viral cDNA hypermutations. Previous work developed a novel Vif inhibitor 2-amino-N-(2-methoxyphenyl)-6-((4-nitrophenyl)thio)benzamide (1) with strong antiviral activity. Through optimizations on the two side branches, a series of compound 1 derivatives (2-18) were designed, synthesized and tested in vitro for their antiviral activities. The biological results showed that compound 5 and 16 inhibited the virus replication efficiently with EC50 values of 9.81 and 4.62 μM. Meanwhile, low cytotoxicities on H9 cells were observed for the generated compounds by the MTT assay. The structure-activity relationship of compound 1 was preliminarily clarified, which gave rise to the development of more potent Vif inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research Center, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Shan Wang
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Rong-Hua Luo
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province/Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, PR China
| | - Meng Zhou
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Guo-Bo Xu
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Yong-Long Zhao
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Yong-Jun Li
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Yong-Lin Wang
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Guoyi Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Shang-Gao Liao
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Yong-Tang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province/Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, PR China.
| | - Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China.
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Wang S, Luo N, Li Y, Wang C. DBU-Mediated Cyclization of Acylcyclopropanecarboxylates with Amidines: Access to Polysubstituted Pyrimidines. Org Lett 2019; 21:4544-4548. [PMID: 31184171 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
DBU-mediated cyclization of 2-acyl-1-cyanocyclopropanecarboxylates with amidines for the synthesis of multisubstituted pyrimidine derivatives is described. This reaction gives a practical method for producing a diverse set of pyrimidines, having simple experimentation, readily available starting materials, a wide substrate scope, and very good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Yangzhou University , 180 Siwangting Street , Yangzhou 225002 , P. R. China
| | - Naili Luo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Yangzhou University , 180 Siwangting Street , Yangzhou 225002 , P. R. China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Pharmacy , Taizhou Polytechnic College , Taizhou 225300 , P. R. China
| | - Cunde Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Yangzhou University , 180 Siwangting Street , Yangzhou 225002 , P. R. China
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