1
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Zhang J, Liu X, Sa N, Zhang JH, Cai YS, Wang KM, Xu W, Jiang CS, Zhu KK. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 1-phenyl-tetrahydro-β-carboline-based first dual PRMT5/EGFR inhibitors as potential anticancer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 269:116341. [PMID: 38518523 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are both involved in the regulation of various cancer-related processes, and their dysregulation or overexpression has been observed in many types of tumors. In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of 1-phenyl-tetrahydro-β-carboline (THβC) derivatives as the first class of dual PRMT5/EGFR inhibitors. Among the synthesized compounds, 10p showed the most potent dual PRMT5/EGFR inhibitory activity, with IC50 values of 15.47 ± 1.31 and 19.31 ± 2.14 μM, respectively. Compound 10p also exhibited promising antiproliferative activity against A549, MCF7, HeLa, and MDA-MB-231 cell lines, with IC50 values below 10 μM. Molecular docking studies suggested that 10p could bind to PRMT5 and EGFR through hydrophobic, π-π, and cation-π interactions. Furthermore, 10p displayed favorable pharmacokinetic properties and oral bioavailability (F = 30.6%) in rats, and administrated orally 10p could significantly inhibit the growth of MCF7 orthotopic xenograft tumors. These results indicate that compound 10p is a promising hit compound for the development of novel and effective dual PRMT5/EGFR inhibitors as potential anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China; School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Xuliang Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Na Sa
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Jin-He Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Yong-Si Cai
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Kai-Ming Wang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
| | - Cheng-Shi Jiang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China.
| | - Kong-Kai Zhu
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
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2
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Chu WH, Yang N, Zhang JH, Li Y, Song JL, Deng ZP, Meng N, Zhang J, Zhu KK, Jiang CS. Discovery of tetrahydroisoquinolineindole derivatives as first dual PRMT5 inhibitors/hnRNP E1 upregulators: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 258:115625. [PMID: 37429083 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is an epigenetics related enzyme that has been validated as an important therapeutic target for treating various types of cancer. Upregulation of tumor suppressor hnRNP E1 has also been considered as an effective antitumor therapy. In this study, a series of tetrahydroisoquinolineindole hybrids were designed and prepared, and compounds 3m and 3s4 were found to be selective inhibitors of PRMT5 and upregulators of hnRNP E1. Molecular docking studies indicated that compounds 3m occupied the substrate site of PRMT5 and formed essential interactions with amino acid residues. Furthermore, compounds 3m and 3s4 exerted antiproliferative effects against A549 cells by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting cell migration. Importantly, silencing of hnRNP E1 eliminated the antitumor effect of 3m and 3s4 on the apoptosis and migration in A549 cells, suggesting a regulatory relationship between PRMT5 and hnRNP E1. Additionally, compound 3m exhibited high metabolic stability on human liver microsomes (T1/2 = 132.4 min). In SD rats, the bioavailability of 3m was 31.4%, and its PK profiles showed satisfactory AUC and Cmax values compared to the positive control. These results suggest that compound 3m is the first class of dual PRMT5 inhibitor and hnRNP E1 upregulator that deserves further investigation as a potential anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hui Chu
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Na Yang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China; Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Jin-He Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Yue Li
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Jia-Li Song
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, China
| | - Ning Meng
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China.
| | - Juan Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China.
| | - Kong-Kai Zhu
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
| | - Cheng-Shi Jiang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China.
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3
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Luo L, Tan H, Liao Y. In silico analysis of marine natural product for protein arginine methyltransferase 5(PRMT5) inhibitors based on pharmacophore and molecular docking. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:13180-13197. [PMID: 36856049 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2184172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, various inhibitors of PRMT5 have been developed because of its involvement in a variety of tumor development processes. As of now, no drugs targeting PRMT5 have been approved, and multiple drugs entering clinical trials have proven to have side effects. In this study, PRMT5 was used to perform virtual screening of 52119 marine natural compounds by combining various methods. We constructed 20 pharmacophore models based on multiple ligands. The best pharmacophore model AARR_2 was selected by analyzing the statistical parameters of the pharmacophore model and the binding characteristics of the ligand active site, and then 3552 compounds were screened out. Compared with the positive compound, 46 compounds were selected based on the molecular docking fraction and docking mode analysis. Then, 3D-QSAR was used to analyze the relationship between structure and activity of the compounds. Then, in addition to marine compounds 36404, 36405 and 14436, we selected compound 46 (the positive control compound) and used the CLC-Pred online Web server to predict their cytotoxicity to human cell lines, making cell experiments possible. Finally, we conducted the prediction of ADMET in order to better promote clinical trials. After comprehensive judgment, we screened out the marine natural compounds 36404 and 36405 as candidates for PRMT5 substrate competitive inhibitors.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianxiang Luo
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Huiting Tan
- The First Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Yinglin Liao
- The First Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
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4
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Fu S, Zheng Q, Zhang D, Lin C, Ouyang L, Zhang J, Chen L. Medicinal chemistry strategies targeting PRMT5 for cancer therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 244:114842. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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5
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Abstract
Background: PRMT5 is an epigenetics-related enzyme, which plays a critical role in cancer development. Hence PRMT5 inhibition has been validated as a promising therapeutic strategy. Methods & Results: We synthesized a series of methylpiperazinyl derivatives as novel PRMT5 inhibitors that were achieved by scaffold-hopping from EPZ015666 by virtual screening followed by rational drug design. Among all compounds 43g, bearing a thiourea linker, showed antitumor activity across multiple cancer cell lines and reduced the level of symmetric arginine dimethylation of SmD3 dose-dependently. Moreover, 43g selectively inhibited PRMT5 among protein arginine methyltransferase isoforms. Further proteomics analysis revealed that 43g remarkably reduced the global arginine dimethylation level in a cellular context. Conclusion: This work provides new chemical templates for future structural optimization of PRMT5-related cancer treatments.
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Bathula R, Lanka G, Chakravarty M, Somadi G, Sivan SK, Jain A, Potlapally SR. Structural insight into PRMT5 inhibitors through amalgamating pharmacophore-based virtual screening, ADME toxicity, and binding energy studies to identify new inhibitors by molecular docking. Struct Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-022-01918-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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7
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Faheem, Karan Kumar B, Venkata Gowri Chandra Sekhar K, Chander S, Kunjiappan S, Murugesan S. 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline (THIQ) as privileged scaffold for anticancer de novo drug design. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2021; 16:1119-1147. [PMID: 33908322 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2021.1916464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Cancer is a dreadful disorder that is emerging as one of the leading causes of mortality across the globe. The complex tumor environment, supplemented with drawbacks of the existing drugs, has made it a global health concern. The Tetrahydroisoquinoline (THIQ) ring holds an important position in medicinal chemistry due to its wide range of pharmacological properties. Several THIQ based natural products have been previously explored for their antitumor properties, making it a vital scaffold for anticancer drug design.Areas covered: This review article addresses the potential of THIQ as anticancer agents. Various medicinal chemistry strategies employed for the design and development of THIQ analogs as inhibitors or modulators of relevant anticancer targets have been discussed in detail. Moreover, the common strategies employed for the synthesis of the core scaffold are also highlighted.Expert opinion: Evidently, THIQs have tremendous potential in anticancer drug design. Some of these analogs exhibited potent activity against various cancer molecular targets. However, there are some drawbacks, such as selectivity that need addressing. The synthetic ease for constructing the core scaffold complimented with its reactivity makes it ideal for further structure-activity relationship studies. For these reasons, THIQ is a privileged scaffold for the design and development of novel anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faheem
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Pilani, India
| | - Banoth Karan Kumar
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Pilani, India
| | | | - Subhash Chander
- Amity Institute of Phytomedicine and Phytochemistry, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India
| | - Selvaraj Kunjiappan
- Department of Biotechnology, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, India
| | - Sankaranarayanan Murugesan
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Pilani, India
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8
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Quiroz RV, Reutershan MH, Schneider SE, Sloman D, Lacey BM, Swalm BM, Yeung CS, Gibeau C, Spellman DS, Rankic DA, Chen D, Witter D, Linn D, Munsell E, Feng G, Xu H, Hughes JME, Lim J, Saurí J, Geddes K, Wan M, Mansueto MS, Follmer NE, Fier PS, Siliphaivanh P, Daublain P, Palte RL, Hayes RP, Lee S, Kawamura S, Silverman S, Sanyal S, Henderson TJ, Ye Y, Gao Y, Nicholson B, Machacek MR. The Discovery of Two Novel Classes of 5,5-Bicyclic Nucleoside-Derived PRMT5 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Cancer. J Med Chem 2021; 64:3911-3939. [PMID: 33755451 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c02083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is a type II arginine methyltransferase that catalyzes the post-translational symmetric dimethylation of protein substrates. PRMT5 plays a critical role in regulating biological processes including transcription, cell cycle progression, RNA splicing, and DNA repair. As such, dysregulation of PRMT5 activity is implicated in the development and progression of multiple cancers and is a target of growing clinical interest. Described herein are the structure-based drug designs, robust synthetic efforts, and lead optimization strategies toward the identification of two novel 5,5-fused bicyclic nucleoside-derived classes of potent and efficacious PRMT5 inhibitors. Utilization of compound docking and strain energy calculations inspired novel designs, and the development of flexible synthetic approaches enabled access to complex chemotypes with five contiguous stereocenters. Additional efforts in balancing bioavailability, solubility, potency, and CYP3A4 inhibition led to the identification of diverse lead compounds with favorable profiles, promising in vivo activity, and low human dose projections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan V Quiroz
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Michael H Reutershan
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Sebastian E Schneider
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - David Sloman
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Brian M Lacey
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Brooke M Swalm
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Charles S Yeung
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Craig Gibeau
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Daniel S Spellman
- Merck & Co., Inc., 770 Sumneytown Pike, Lansdale, Pennsylvania 19446, United States
| | - Danica A Rankic
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Dapeng Chen
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - David Witter
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Doug Linn
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Erik Munsell
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Guo Feng
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Haiyan Xu
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Jonathan M E Hughes
- Merck & Co., Inc., 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Jongwon Lim
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Josep Saurí
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Kristin Geddes
- Merck & Co., Inc., 770 Sumneytown Pike, Lansdale, Pennsylvania 19446, United States
| | - Murray Wan
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - My Sam Mansueto
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Nicole E Follmer
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Patrick S Fier
- Merck & Co., Inc., 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Phieng Siliphaivanh
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Pierre Daublain
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Rachel L Palte
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Robert P Hayes
- Merck & Co., Inc., 770 Sumneytown Pike, Lansdale, Pennsylvania 19446, United States
| | - Sandra Lee
- Merck & Co., Inc., 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Shuhei Kawamura
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Steven Silverman
- Merck & Co., Inc., 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Sulagna Sanyal
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Timothy J Henderson
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Yingchun Ye
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Yuanwei Gao
- Merck & Co., Inc., 770 Sumneytown Pike, Lansdale, Pennsylvania 19446, United States
| | - Benjamin Nicholson
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Michelle R Machacek
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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9
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Marjon K, Kalev P, Marks K. Cancer Dependencies: PRMT5 and MAT2A in MTAP/p16-Deleted Cancers. ANNUAL REVIEW OF CANCER BIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cancerbio-030419-033444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Discovery of targeted therapies that selectively exploit the genetic inactivation of specific tumor suppressors remains a major challenge. This includes the prevalent deletion of the CDKN2A/ MTAP locus, which was first reported nearly 40 years ago. The more recent advent of RNA interference and functional genomic screening technologies led to the identification of hidden collateral lethalities occurring with passenger deletions of MTAP in cancer cells. In particular, small-molecule inhibition of the type II arginine methyltransferase PRMT5 and the S-adenosylmethionine-producing enzyme MAT2A each presents a precision medicine approach for the treatment of patients whose tumors have homozygous loss of MTAP. In this review, we highlight key aspects of MTAP, PRMT5, and MAT2A biology to provide a conceptual framework for developing novel therapeutic strategies in tumors with MTAP deletion and to summarize ongoing efforts to drug PRMT5 and MAT2A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katya Marjon
- Agios Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Peter Kalev
- Agios Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Kevin Marks
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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10
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Shen Y, Gao G, Yu X, Kim H, Wang L, Xie L, Schwarz M, Chen X, Guccione E, Liu J, Bedford MT, Jin J. Discovery of First-in-Class Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) Degraders. J Med Chem 2020; 63:9977-9989. [PMID: 32787082 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aberrant expression of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) has been associated with multiple cancers. Using the proteolysis targeting chimera technology, we discovered a first-in-class PRMT5 degrader 15 (MS4322). Here, we report the design, synthesis, and characterization of compound 15 and two structurally similar controls 17 (MS4370) and 21 (MS4369), with impaired binding to the von Hippel-Lindau E3 ligase and PRMT5, respectively. Compound 15, but not 17 and 21, effectively reduced the PRMT5 protein level in MCF-7 cells. Our mechanism studies indicate that compound 15 degraded PRMT5 in an E3 ligase- and proteasome-dependent manner. Compound 15 also effectively reduced the PRMT5 protein level and inhibited growth in multiple cancer cell lines. Moreover, compound 15 was highly selective for PRMT5 in a global proteomic study and exhibited good plasma exposure in mice. Collectively, compound 15 and its two controls 17 and 21 are valuable chemical tools for exploring the PRMT5 functions in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudao Shen
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Guozhen Gao
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, Texas 78957, United States
| | - Xufen Yu
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Huensuk Kim
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Ling Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Megan Schwarz
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Xian Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Ernesto Guccione
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Jing Liu
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Mark T Bedford
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, Texas 78957, United States
| | - Jian Jin
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
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11
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Liu XL, Liu HQ, Li J, Mao CY, He JT, Zhao X. Role of epigenetic in leukemia: From mechanism to therapy. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 317:108963. [PMID: 31978391 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.108963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic variations can play remarkable roles in different normal and abnormal situations. Such variations have been shown to have a direct role in the pathogenesis of various diseases either through inhibition of tumor suppressor genes or increasing the expression of oncogenes. Enzymes involving in epigenetic machinery are the main actors in tuning the epigenetic-based controls on gene expressions. Aberrant expression of these enzymes can trigger big chaos in the cellular gene expression networks and finally lead to cancer progression. This situation has been shown in different types of leukemia, where high or low levels of an epigenetic enzyme are partly or highly responsible for the involvement or progression of a disease. DNA hypermethylation, different histone modifications, and aberrant miRNA expressions are three main epigenetic variations, which have been shown to play a role in leukemia progression. Epigenetic based treatments now are considered as novel and effective therapies in order to decrease the abnormal epigenetic modifications in patient cells. Different epigenetic-based approaches have been developed and tested to inhibit or reverse the unusual expression of epigenetic agents in leukemia. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the most prevalent acute leukemia in adults, is anaggressive hematological malignancy arising in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. With the exception of a few specific AML subtypes, the mainstays of treatment have not significantly changed over the last 20 years, and are still based on standard cytotoxic chemotherapy. In this review, we will discuss the recent development of therapeutics specifically targeting these key epigenetic programs in AML, describe their mechanism of action and present their current clinical development. Finally, we will discuss the opportunities presented by epigenetically targeted therapy in AML and will highlight future challenges ahead for the AML community, to ensure that this novel therapeutics are optimally translated into clinical practice and result in clinical improvement for AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Liang Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Huan-Qiu Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Cui-Ying Mao
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jin-Ting He
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Paediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China.
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12
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Tran VH, La MT, Kim HK. Phosphoryl chloride-mediated solvent-free synthesis of N-aryl-substituted azacycles from arylamines and cyclic ethers. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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13
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Tao H, Yan X, Zhu K, Zhang H. Discovery of Novel PRMT5 Inhibitors by Virtual Screening and Biological Evaluations. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2019; 67:382-388. [PMID: 30930442 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c18-00980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
As an important epigenetics related enzyme, protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) has been confirmed as an anticancer therapeutic target in recent years. Among all the reported PRMT5 inhibitors, two small molecules (GSK-3326595 and JNJ-64619178) are currently being assessed in clinical trial. In this study, 40 PRMT5 inhibitor candidates were purchased from SPECS database supplier according to the pharmacophore and molecular docking based virtual screening results. Alpha linked immunosorbent assay (LISA) methylation assay was performed to test their inhibitory activity against PRMT5. The in vitro enzymatic assay results indicated that four compounds (2, 4, 10 and 37) showed PRMT5 inhibitory activity, while 4 and 10 displayed the most potent activity with IC50 values of 8.1 ± 1.1 and 6.5 ± 0.6 µM, respectively. The inhibitory activity results of 20 extra analogs of 4 further confirmed the potency of this scaffold. As expected, compounds 4 and 10 exhibited moderate anti-proliferative activity against mantle cell lymphoma Jeko-1 and leukemia cell MV4-11. Besides, Western blot assay results showed that 4 could reduce the H4R3me2s level in a dose-dependent manner, indicating that it could inhibit the activity of PRMT5 in cellular context. Detailed interactions between 4 and PRMT5 were characterized by binding mode analysis through molecular docking. The compounds discovered in this study will inspire medicinal chemists to further explore this series of PRMT5 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongrui Tao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan.,Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Xue Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan
| | - Kongkai Zhu
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan
| | - Hua Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan
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La MT, Kang S, Kim HK. Metal-Free Synthesis of N-Aryl-Substituted Azacycles from Cyclic Ethers Using POCl3. J Org Chem 2019; 84:6689-6696. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minh Thanh La
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging & Therapeutic Medicine Research Center, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Soosung Kang
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Kwon Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging & Therapeutic Medicine Research Center, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
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15
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Role of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 in human cancers. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 114:108790. [PMID: 30903920 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) play important roles in protein methylation. PRMT5 is the major type II arginine methyltransferase that catalyzes the transfer of two methyl groups symmetrically to the arginine residues of either histone or non-histone proteins. In recent years, increasing evidence has shown that PRMT5, as an oncogene, plays an indispensable regulatory role in the pathological progression of several human cancers by promoting the proliferation, invasion, and migration of cancer cells. PRMT5 is overexpressed in many malignant tumors and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of cancer, which suggests that PRMT5 may become a potential biomarker or therapeutic target of cancer. This article reviews the biological function, mechanism, and clinical significance of PRMT5 in tumorigenesis.
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