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Choi SM, An YJ, Choi ER, Nam YE, Seo EW, Kang C, Ahn SB, Kim UI, Kim M, Kim K, Cho JH. Synthesis of 3-Deazaneplanocin A analogs and Their Antiviral Activity against RNA-Viruses. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Ojeda-Porras AC, Roy V, Agrofoglio LA. Chemical Approaches to Carbocyclic Nucleosides. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202100307. [PMID: 35119191 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Nucleoside analogues are at the forefront of antiviral therapy for last decades. To circumvent some of their limitations, based on their metabolism, and in order to improve their anti-viral potency and selectivity, several families of nucleoside analogues have been described through structural modifications at the sugar and heterocycles. The replacement of the oxygen of the nucleoside by a methylene has led to the family of carbocyclic (or cyclopentane) nucleoside analogues. Various potent anti-HIV and anti-HBV drugs belong to this family. Main syntheses of carbocyclic analogues of nucleosides used Diels-Alder reactions (in racemic or asymmetric series), but also started from carbohydrates (ribose, glucose), as a source of optically active compounds, which then had to be transformed into carbacycles under various conditions. The growing interest in carbocyclic nucleosides has led several groups, including ours, to develop new analogues and to explore novel routes. This article will review some of the recent chemistry developed on selected five-membered ring carbocyclic nucleosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea C Ojeda-Porras
- ICOA, Univ. Orléans, CNRS UMR 7311, Université d'Orléans, Rue de Chartres, 45067, Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Vincent Roy
- ICOA, Univ. Orléans, CNRS UMR 7311, Université d'Orléans, Rue de Chartres, 45067, Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Luigi A Agrofoglio
- ICOA, Univ. Orléans, CNRS UMR 7311, Université d'Orléans, Rue de Chartres, 45067, Orléans Cedex 2, France
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Haverkamp C, Liu C, Schneller SW. Enantiomeric 4'-truncated 6'-fluoro-3-deazaneplanocin and its 3-bromo derivative: Synthesis and antiviral properties, including Ebola and Marburg. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 41:127985. [PMID: 33766766 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.127985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In seeking to increase the library of fluorine containing adenine-derived carbocyclic nucleoside antiviral candidates, d-like and l-like 6'-fluoro-3-deazaneplanocin and its 3-bromo derivative lacking the 4'-hydroxylmethylene substituent (2/3 and 4/5, respectively) are presented. Their synthesis was accomplished from d-ribose by developing a more facile precursor route than suggested by the literature. The 2/4d-like pair displayed significant anti-filo virial properties while the enantiomeric l-like congeners 3/5 were inactive. Target compounds 2/4 also were active towards measles and norovirus. The effect of 2/4 is further evidence of the role fluoro-derived adenine carbocyclic nucleoside can play in antiviral drug discovery. Furthermore, the simplicity of their synthesis lends them to more efficacious analogs and to scale-up optimization. There were no other relevant antiviral properties for 2/3 and 4/5 (except BK polyomavirus for 3/5).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Haverkamp
- Molette Laboratory for Drug Discovery, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Chong Liu
- Molette Laboratory for Drug Discovery, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Stewart W Schneller
- Molette Laboratory for Drug Discovery, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States.
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Gibbons JS, Khadka S, Williams CG, Wang L, Schneller SW, Liu C, Tufariello JM, Basler CF. Mechanisms of anti-vesicular stomatitis virus activity of deazaneplanocin and its 3-brominated analogs. Antiviral Res 2021; 191:105088. [PMID: 34019950 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2021.105088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
3-deazaneplanocin A (DzNep) and its 3-brominated analogs inhibit replication of several RNA viruses. This antiviral activity is attributed to inhibition of S-adenosyl homocysteine hydrolase (SAHase) and consequently inhibition of viral methyltransferases, impairing translation of viral transcripts. The L-enantiomers of some derivatives retain antiviral activity despite dramatically reduced inhibition of SAHase in vitro. To better understand the mechanisms by which these compounds exert their antiviral effects, we compared DzNep, its 3-bromo-derivative, CL123, and the related enantiomers, CL4033 and CL4053, for their activities towards the model negative-sense RNA virus vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). In cell culture, DzNep, CL123 and CL4033 each exhibited 50 percent inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) in the nanomolar range whereas the IC50 for the L-form, CL4053, was 34-85 times higher. When a CL123-resistant mutant (VSVR) was selected, it exhibited cross-resistance to each of the neplanocin analogs, but retained sensitivity to the adenosine analog BCX4430, an RNA chain terminator. Sequencing of VSVR identified a mutation in the C-terminal domain (CTD) of the viral large (L) protein, a domain implicated in regulation of L protein methyltransferase activity. CL123 inhibited VSV viral mRNA 5' cap methylation, impaired viral protein synthesis and decreased association of viral mRNAs with polysomes. Modest impacts on viral transcription were also demonstrated. VSVR exhibited partial resistance in each of these assays but its replication was impaired, relative to the parent VSV, in the absence of the inhibitors. These data suggest that DzNep, CL123 and CL4033 inhibit VSV through impairment of viral mRNA cap methylation and that the L-form, CL4053, based on the cross-resistance of VSVR, may act by a similar mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Sweeney Gibbons
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sudip Khadka
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Caroline G Williams
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lin Wang
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Stewart W Schneller
- Molette Laboratory for Drug Discovery, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Chong Liu
- Molette Laboratory for Drug Discovery, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - JoAnn M Tufariello
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Christopher F Basler
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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Liu C, Chen Q, Schneller S. Synthesis of D-like and L-like 5'-fluoro-5'-deoxy-1',6'-isoneplanocins and their antiviral activity including Ebola. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 39:342-348. [PMID: 31448686 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2019.1653466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In exploring the 1',6'-isoneplanocin structural framework for antiviral compound development, both the D-like and L-like 5'-fluoro-5'-deoxy analogs have been synthesized from readily available cyclopentenyl iodides and adenine in five steps. Antiviral evaluation found D-like 5'-fluoro-5'-deoxy-1',6'-isoneplanocin to display less broad-spectrum antiviral effects than the parent D-like including weaker activity against Ebola and norovirus. The L-like enantiomer was devoid of any activity, contrary to the parent L-like compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Liu
- Molette Laboratory for Drug Discovery, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Slippery Rock University, Slippery Rock, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Stewart Schneller
- Molette Laboratory for Drug Discovery, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
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Edwards MR, Basler CF. Current status of small molecule drug development for Ebola virus and other filoviruses. Curr Opin Virol 2019; 35:42-56. [PMID: 31003196 PMCID: PMC6556423 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The filovirus family includes some of the deadliest viruses known, including Ebola virus and Marburg virus. These viruses cause periodic outbreaks of severe disease that can be spread from person to person, making the filoviruses important public health threats. There remains a need for approved drugs that target all or most members of this virus family. Small molecule inhibitors that target conserved functions hold promise as pan-filovirus therapeutics. To date, compounds that effectively target virus entry, genome replication, gene expression, and virus egress have been described. The most advanced inhibitors are nucleoside analogs that target viral RNA synthesis reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan R Edwards
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, United States
| | - Christopher F Basler
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, United States.
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ITRAQ-Based Quantitative Proteomics Reveals the Proteome Profiles of Primary Duck Embryo Fibroblast Cells Infected with Duck Tembusu Virus. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:1582709. [PMID: 30809531 PMCID: PMC6369498 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1582709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Outbreaks of duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) have caused substantial economic losses in the major duck-producing regions of China since 2010. To improve our understanding of the host cellular responses to virus infection and the pathogenesis of DTMUV infection, we applied isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) labeling coupled with multidimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to detect the protein changes in duck embryo fibroblast cells (DEFs) infected and mock-infected with DTMUV. In total, 434 cellular proteins were differentially expressed, among which 116, 76, and 339 proteins were differentially expressed in the DTMUV-infected DEFs at 12, 24, and 42 hours postinfection, respectively. The Gene Ontology analysis indicated that the biological processes of the differentially expressed proteins were primarily related to cellular processes, metabolic processes, biological regulation, response to stimulus, and cellular organismal processes and that the molecular functions in which the differentially expressed proteins were mainly involved were binding and catalytic activity. Some selected proteins that were found to be differentially expressed in DTMUV-infected DEFs were further confirmed by real-time PCR. The results of this study provide valuable insight into DTMUV-host interactions. This could lead to a better understanding of DTMUV infection mechanisms.
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