1
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Liang X, Chen R, Wang C, Wang Y, Zhang J. Targeting HSP90 for Cancer Therapy: Current Progress and Emerging Prospects. J Med Chem 2024. [PMID: 39256986 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), a highly conserved member of the heat shock protein family, regulates various proteins and signaling pathways involved in cancer, making it a promising target for cancer therapy. Traditional HSP90 inhibitors have demonstrated significant antitumor potential in preclinical trials, with over 20 compounds advancing to clinical trials and showing promising results. However, the limited clinical efficacy and shared toxicity of these inhibitors restrict their further clinical use. Encouragingly, developing novel inhibitors using conventional medicinal chemistry approaches─such as selective inhibitors, dual inhibitors, protein-protein interaction inhibitors, and proteolysis-targeting chimeras─is expected to address these challenges. Notably, the selective inhibitor TAS-116 has already been successfully marketed. In this Perspective, we summarize the structure, biological functions, and roles of HSP90 in cancer, analyze the clinical status of HSP90 inhibitors, and highlight the latest advancements in novel strategies, offering insights into their future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinqi Liang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neuro-system and Multimorbidity and Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory and Institute of Respiratory Health and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network and Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Ruixian Chen
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neuro-system and Multimorbidity and Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory and Institute of Respiratory Health and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network and Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
- Breast Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Chengdi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neuro-system and Multimorbidity and Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory and Institute of Respiratory Health and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network and Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neuro-system and Multimorbidity and Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory and Institute of Respiratory Health and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network and Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
- Frontiers Medical Center, Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, 610212 Sichuan, China
| | - Jifa Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neuro-system and Multimorbidity and Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory and Institute of Respiratory Health and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network and Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
- Frontiers Medical Center, Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, 610212 Sichuan, China
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2
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Li Y, Dong J, Qin JJ. Small molecule inhibitors targeting heat shock protein 90: An updated review. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 275:116562. [PMID: 38865742 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
As a molecular chaperone, heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) plays important roles in the folding, stabilization, activation, and degradation of over 500 client proteins, and is extensively involved in cell signaling, proliferation, and survival. Thus, it has emerged as an important target in a variety of diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and viral infections. Therefore, targeted inhibition of HSP90 provides a valuable and promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of HSP90-related diseases. This review aims to systematically summarize the progress of research on HSP90 inhibitors in the last five years, focusing on their structural features, design strategies, and biological activities. It will refer to the natural products and their derivatives (including novobiocin derivatives, deguelin derivatives, quinone derivatives, and terpenoid derivatives), and to synthetic small molecules (including resorcinol derivatives, pyrazoles derivatives, triazole derivatives, pyrimidine derivatives, benzamide derivatives, benzothiazole derivatives, and benzofuran derivatives). In addition, the major HSP90 small-molecule inhibitors that have moved into clinical trials to date are also presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Li
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Jinyun Dong
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, China.
| | - Jiang-Jiang Qin
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, China.
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3
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Zajec Ž, Dernovšek J, Cingl J, Ogris I, Gedgaudas M, Zubrienė A, Mitrović A, Golič Grdadolnik S, Gobec M, Tomašič T. New Class of Hsp90 C-Terminal Domain Inhibitors with Anti-tumor Properties against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. J Med Chem 2024; 67:12984-13018. [PMID: 39042910 PMCID: PMC11320583 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a treatment challenge and requires innovative therapies. Hsp90, crucial for the stability of numerous oncogenic proteins, has emerged as a promising therapeutic target. In this study, we present the optimization of the Hsp90 C-terminal domain (CTD) inhibitor TVS21. Biochemical methods, NMR binding studies, and molecular modeling were employed to investigate the binding of representative analogs to Hsp90. The newly synthesized analogs showed increased antiproliferative activity in breast cancer cell lines, including the MDA-MB-231 TNBC cell line. Compounds 89 and 104 proved to be the most effective, inducing apoptosis, slowing proliferation, and degrading key oncogenic proteins without inducing a heat shock response. In vivo, compound 89 showed comparable efficacy to the clinical candidate AUY922 and a better safety profile in a TNBC xenograft model. These results highlight the promise of Hsp90 CTD inhibitors for TNBC therapy, potentially filling a significant treatment gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Živa Zajec
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jaka Dernovšek
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jernej Cingl
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Iza Ogris
- Laboratory
for Molecular Structural Dynamics, Theory Department, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marius Gedgaudas
- Department
of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology,
Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Asta Zubrienė
- Department
of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology,
Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ana Mitrović
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department
of Biotechnology, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Simona Golič Grdadolnik
- Laboratory
for Molecular Structural Dynamics, Theory Department, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Martina Gobec
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tihomir Tomašič
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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4
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Xie X, Zhang N, Li X, Huang H, Peng C, Huang W, Foster LJ, He G, Han B. Small-molecule dual inhibitors targeting heat shock protein 90 for cancer targeted therapy. Bioorg Chem 2023; 139:106721. [PMID: 37467620 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90, also known as Hsp90, is an extensively preserved molecular chaperone that performs a critical function in organizing various biological pathways and cellular operations. As a potential drug target, Hsp90 is closely linked to cancer. Hsp90 inhibitors are a class of drugs that have been extensively studied in preclinical models and have shown promise in a variety of diseases, especially cancer. However, Hsp90 inhibitors have encountered several challenges in clinical development, such as low efficacy, toxicity, or drug resistance, few Hsp90 small molecule inhibitors have been approved worldwide. Nonetheless, combining Hsp90 inhibitors with other tumor inhibitors, such as HDAC inhibitors, tubulin inhibitors, and Topo II inhibitors, has been shown to have synergistic antitumor effects. Consequently, the development of Hsp90 dual-target inhibitors is an effective strategy in cancer treatment, as it enhances potency while reducing drug resistance. This article provides an overview of Hsp90's domain structure and biological functions, as well as a discussion of the design, discovery, and structure-activity relationships of Hsp90 dual inhibitors, aiming to provide insights into clinical drug research from a medicinal chemistry perspective and discover novel Hsp90 dual inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Nan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Department of Dermatology & Venereology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - He Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Leonard J Foster
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Gu He
- Department of Dermatology & Venereology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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5
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Cheng Y, Qu Z, Jiang Q, Xu T, Zheng H, Ye P, He M, Tong Y, Ma Y, Bao A. Functional Materials for Subcellular Targeting Strategies in Cancer Therapy: Progress and Prospects. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2305095. [PMID: 37665594 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies have made significant progress in cancer treatment. However, tumor adjuvant therapy still faces challenges due to the intrinsic heterogeneity of cancer, genomic instability, and the formation of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Functional materials possess unique biological properties such as long circulation times, tumor-specific targeting, and immunomodulation. The combination of functional materials with natural substances and nanotechnology has led to the development of smart biomaterials with multiple functions, high biocompatibilities, and negligible immunogenicities, which can be used for precise cancer treatment. Recently, subcellular structure-targeting functional materials have received particular attention in various biomedical applications including the diagnosis, sensing, and imaging of tumors and drug delivery. Subcellular organelle-targeting materials can precisely accumulate therapeutic agents in organelles, considerably reduce the threshold dosages of therapeutic agents, and minimize drug-related side effects. This review provides a systematic and comprehensive overview of the research progress in subcellular organelle-targeted cancer therapy based on functional nanomaterials. Moreover, it explains the challenges and prospects of subcellular organelle-targeting functional materials in precision oncology. The review will serve as an excellent cutting-edge guide for researchers in the field of subcellular organelle-targeted cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxiang Cheng
- Department of Gynecology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, No.238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Qu
- Department of Blood Transfusion Research, Wuhan Blood Center (WHBC), HUST-WHBC United Hematology Optical Imaging Center, No.8 Baofeng 1st Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Qian Jiang
- Department of Blood Transfusion Research, Wuhan Blood Center (WHBC), HUST-WHBC United Hematology Optical Imaging Center, No.8 Baofeng 1st Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuhan Blood Center (WHBC), No.8 Baofeng 1st Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Hongyun Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, No.238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, P. R. China
| | - Peng Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, No.238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, P. R. China
| | - Mingdi He
- Department of Blood Transfusion Research, Wuhan Blood Center (WHBC), HUST-WHBC United Hematology Optical Imaging Center, No.8 Baofeng 1st Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Yongqing Tong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, No.238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, P. R. China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Blood Transfusion Research, Wuhan Blood Center (WHBC), HUST-WHBC United Hematology Optical Imaging Center, No.8 Baofeng 1st Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Anyu Bao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, No.238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, P. R. China
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6
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Shao H, Taguwa S, Gilbert L, Shkedi A, Sannino S, Guerriero CJ, Gale-Day ZJ, Young ZT, Brodsky JL, Weissman J, Gestwicki JE, Frydman J. A campaign targeting a conserved Hsp70 binding site uncovers how subcellular localization is linked to distinct biological activities. Cell Chem Biol 2022; 29:1303-1316.e3. [PMID: 35830852 PMCID: PMC9513760 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The potential of small molecules to localize within subcellular compartments is rarely explored. To probe this question, we measured the localization of Hsp70 inhibitors using fluorescence microscopy. We found that even closely related analogs had dramatically different distributions, with some residing predominantly in the mitochondria and others in the ER. CRISPRi screens supported this idea, showing that different compounds had distinct chemogenetic interactions with Hsp70s of the ER (HSPA5/BiP) and mitochondria (HSPA9/mortalin) and their co-chaperones. Moreover, localization seemed to determine function, even for molecules with conserved binding sites. Compounds with distinct partitioning have distinct anti-proliferative activity in breast cancer cells compared with anti-viral activity in cellular models of Dengue virus replication, likely because different sets of Hsp70s are required in these processes. These findings highlight the contributions of subcellular partitioning and chemogenetic interactions to small molecule activity, features that are rarely explored during medicinal chemistry campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Shao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Shuhei Taguwa
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Laboratory of Virus Control, Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Luke Gilbert
- Department of Urology and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Arielle Shkedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Sara Sannino
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Zachary J Gale-Day
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Zapporah T Young
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Brodsky
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jonathan Weissman
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jason E Gestwicki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | - Judith Frydman
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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7
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Design, synthesis, and biological evalution of bifunctional inhibitors against Hsp90-HDAC6 interplay. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 240:114582. [PMID: 35834905 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
HDAC6 and Hsp90, existing as a cytosolic complex play an important role in maintaining the protein homeostasis. The interplay of HDAC6 and Hsp90 has attracted wide attention due to their important role and promise as therapeutic targets in malignant cancers. Therefore, the discovery of dual inhibitors targeting HDAC6 and Hsp90 is of high importance. In the present study, we describe the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of bifunctional inhibitors against HDAC6 and Hsp90 interplay. In particular, compound 6e shows a significant inhibitory activity against both HDAC6 and Hsp90 with IC50 values of 106 nM and 61 nM, respectively. Compound 6e promotes the acetylation of HDAC6 substrate proteins such as α-tubulin and Hsp90 via HDAC6 inhibition, and also induces the degradation of Hsp90 clients such as Her2, EGFR, Met, Akt, and HDAC6 via Hsp90 inhibition. Compound 6e consequently furnishes potent antiproliferative effect on gefitinib-resistant H1975 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with a GI50 value of 1.7 μM. In addition, compound 6e successfully achieved significant tumor growth inhibition in H1975 NSCLC xenograft model without noticeable abnormal behavior, body weight changes, and apparent ocular toxicity. We conclude that compound 6e constitutes an excellent tool as well as a valuable lead for assessment of Hsp90 and HDAC6 dual inhibition with a single molecule.
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8
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Pan- and isoform-specific inhibition of Hsp90: Design strategy and recent advances. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 238:114516. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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9
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Szabo I, Zoratti M, Biasutto L. Targeting mitochondrial ion channels for cancer therapy. Redox Biol 2021; 42:101846. [PMID: 33419703 PMCID: PMC8113036 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological targeting of mitochondrial ion channels is emerging as a promising approach to eliminate cancer cells; as most of these channels are differentially expressed and/or regulated in cancer cells in comparison to healthy ones, this strategy may selectively eliminate the former. Perturbation of ion fluxes across the outer and inner membranes is linked to alterations of redox state, membrane potential and bioenergetic efficiency. This leads to indirect modulation of oxidative phosphorylation, which is/may be fundamental for both cancer and cancer stem cell survival. Furthermore, given the crucial contribution of mitochondria to intrinsic apoptosis, modulation of their ion channels leading to cytochrome c release may be of great advantage in case of resistance to drugs triggering apoptotic events upstream of the mitochondrial phase. In the present review, we give an overview of the known mitochondrial ion channels and of their modulators capable of killing cancer cells. In addition, we discuss state-of-the-art strategies using mitochondriotropic drugs or peptide-based approaches allowing a more efficient and selective targeting of mitochondrial ion channel-linked events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ildiko Szabo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Italy; CNR Institute of Neurosciences, Padova, Italy.
| | | | - Lucia Biasutto
- CNR Institute of Neurosciences, Padova, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
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10
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Banerjee M, Hatial I, Keegan BM, Blagg BSJ. Assay design and development strategies for finding Hsp90 inhibitors and their role in human diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 221:107747. [PMID: 33245994 PMCID: PMC8744950 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a molecular chaperone that facilitates the maturation of its client proteins including protein kinases, transcription factors, and steroid hormone receptors which are structurally and functionally diverse. These client proteins are involved in various cellular signaling pathways, and Hsp90 is implicated in various human diseases including cancer, inflammation, and diseases associated with protein misfolding; thus making Hsp90 a promising target for drug discovery. Some of its client proteins are well-known cancer targets. Instead of targeting these client proteins individually, however, targeting Hsp90 is more practical for cancer drug development. Efforts have been invested in recognizing potential drugs for clinical use that inhibit Hsp90 activity and result in the prevention of Hsp90 client maturation and dampening of subsequent signaling cascades. Here, we discuss current assays and technologies used to find and characterize Hsp90 inhibitors that include biophysical, biochemical, cell-based assays and computational modeling. This review highlights recent discoveries that N-terminal isoform-selective compounds and inhibitors that target the Hsp90 C-terminus that may offer the potential to overcome some of the detriments observed with pan Hsp90 inhibitors. The tools and assays summarized in this review should be used to develop Hsp90-targeting drugs with high specificity, potency, and drug-like properties that may prove immensely useful in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monimoy Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Warren Family Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development, 305 McCourtney Hall, University of Norte Dame, Norte Dame, IN 46656, USA
| | - Ishita Hatial
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Warren Family Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development, 305 McCourtney Hall, University of Norte Dame, Norte Dame, IN 46656, USA
| | - Bradley M Keegan
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Warren Family Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development, 305 McCourtney Hall, University of Norte Dame, Norte Dame, IN 46656, USA
| | - Brian S J Blagg
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Warren Family Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development, 305 McCourtney Hall, University of Norte Dame, Norte Dame, IN 46656, USA.
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11
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Huang M, Myers CR, Wang Y, You M. Mitochondria as a Novel Target for Cancer Chemoprevention: Emergence of Mitochondrial-targeting Agents. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2020; 14:285-306. [PMID: 33303695 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-20-0425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer chemoprevention is the most effective approach to control cancer in the population. Despite significant progress, chemoprevention has not been widely adopted because agents that are safe tend to be less effective and those that are highly effective tend to be toxic. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop novel and effective chemopreventive agents, such as mitochondria-targeted agents, that can prevent cancer and prolong survival. Mitochondria, the central site for cellular energy production, have important functions in cell survival and death. Several studies have revealed a significant role for mitochondrial metabolism in promoting cancer development and progression, making mitochondria a promising new target for cancer prevention. Conjugating delocalized lipophilic cations, such as triphenylphosphonium cation (TPP+), to compounds of interest is an effective approach for mitochondrial targeting. The hyperpolarized tumor cell membrane and mitochondrial membrane potential allow for selective accumulation of TPP+ conjugates in tumor cell mitochondria versus those in normal cells. This could enhance direct killing of precancerous, dysplastic, and tumor cells while minimizing potential toxicities to normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mofei Huang
- Center for Disease Prevention Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Charles R Myers
- Center for Disease Prevention Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Yian Wang
- Center for Disease Prevention Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Ming You
- Center for Disease Prevention Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. .,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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12
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Golovchenko OV, Abdurakhmanova ER, Vladimirov SO, Brusnakov MY, Krupoder TO, Sukhoveev VV, Rusanov EB, Vydzhak RN, Brovarets VS. Interaction of 1-acylamino-2,2-dichloroethenyl(triphenyl)phosphonium chlorides with alkanolamines. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2020.1759062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O. V. Golovchenko
- V. P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - E. R. Abdurakhmanova
- V. P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | - M. Y. Brusnakov
- V. P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - T. O. Krupoder
- Nizhyn Mykola Gogol State University, Nizhyn, Chernihivska Oblast, Ukraine
| | - V. V. Sukhoveev
- V. P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Nizhyn Mykola Gogol State University, Nizhyn, Chernihivska Oblast, Ukraine
| | - E. B. Rusanov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - R. N. Vydzhak
- V. P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - V. S. Brovarets
- V. P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
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